上外全新版大学英语综合教程讲义-book4-unit2
unit4-全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2电子教案
Unit 4 The Virtual World Unit 4 The Virtual World
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Supplementary Reading
Some virtual colleges are: APCO Virtual College, Virtual College of Elizabeth City State University
Introduction of the Virtual World Some Famous Websites
Detailed Reading
SOHO — Small-Office/Home-Office
Virtual College
Unit 4 The Virtual World Unit 4 The Virtual World
Detailed Reading
Unit 4 The Virtual World Unit 4 The Virtual World
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Supplementary Reading
Detailed Reading
Detailed Reading
1. What was the hero doing when his boss came in?
Surfing the Internet. 2. How did he act in front of his boss? He pretended to be surprised at the computer which had crashed “unexpectedly”. 3. What would you do if you were in such a situation? Open ended.
全新版大学英语综合教程第四册Unit
目录
• Overview of the text • Vocabulary and expression • Grammar point parsing • Introduction to Cultural Background • Analysis of Writing Skills • Answers to home exercises after
Key tense
Present simple tense
01
It is used to express an action that is happening now, has
just happened, or will happen in the future
Last simple tense
Conclusion
The article includes by summarizing the main points covered and highlighting the importance of understanding globalization and its impact on our world It also suggests ways for individuals to adapt to the changing world
The text provides a background to the theme by discussing the history and development of globalization, as well as the challenges and opportunities it brings to individuals and communities
全新版大学英语综合教程2(4.2部分整理)
6.They would get together exchanging ideas and discussing the problems theywere confronted with when they stayed in Silicon Valley in the 90's.
3. Whether you're buying or renting, you'll need to be fully aware what kind of property best suits you and your lifestyle.
4. It is dangerous to ride a bicycle on an icy road, so we have to use the brake to slow it down.
7. A lot of the things we take for granted as trash, such as newspapers, magazines, old computers and cellphones, can actually be recycled or reused in one way or another.
8. - What questions can I ask when inquiring about a job?
- You may ask if the position is still available and how long you have to wait before getting to know if you will be given an interview.
全新版大学英语综合教程4课件
Recre • Unit 4 News Reporting
01
Unit 1 Ways of Learning
Reading and Vocabulary
• Summary: The reading materials for this unit will cover various topics, including culture, history, society, and science, to help expand students' vocabulary and improve their reading comprehension abilities.
3. The writing section will provide writing exercises to help students apply the grammar and translation skills they have learned to write.
Listening and Speaking
Writing Skills
• Skills: The textbook selects the most common sports related writing skills and patterns, which can help students master the language skills of sports reports, letters, memories, etc. through a series of writing exercises
上外综合教程Book+4课后练习答案
Book 4课后练习答案Unit 1, Book 4 Fighting with the Forces of NatureVocabularyP15I. 1. 1) alliance 2) heroic 3) stroke 4) limp 5) minus6) regions 7) declarations 8) siege 9) raw 10) retreat11) have taken their toll 12) in the case of 13) campaign14) at the cost of 15) has been brought to a haltP162. 1) is faced with 2) get bogged down 3) is pressing on/ pressed on4) drag on 5) picking up 6) falling apart 7) cut back8) take overP174. 1) the occupation of , retreat to, regions2) crucial, efficient, to reckon with, weaken, be brought to a halt3) a heroic, the decisive, turned the tide , siege, by launching Comprehensive ExercisesP21I.Cloze (A)1. invasion2. stand in the way3. Conquest4. catching… off his guard5. launching6. declaration7. campaign8. drag on9. reckon with 10. die from 11. bring … to a haltP22II.TranslationThe offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. Our troops engaging the enemy at the front were faced with strong/ fierce/ stiff resistance. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launch a surprise attack. To do so, however, we had to cross a marshland and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. We started under cover of darkness and pressed on in spite of great difficulties. By a stroke of luck, the temperature at night suddenly dropped to minus 20 degrees Celsius and the marsh froze over. Thanks to the cold weather, we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered.Unit 2 , Book 4 Smart CarsVocabularyP46I. 1. 1) expansion 2) manufacturing 3) vapor 4) take control of 5) hazards6) satellite 7) convert 8) magnetic 9) bunched 10)in the air11) got/was stuck in 12) approximately 13) application 14) monotonous15) mountedP472. 1) send out 2) stand up for 3) result from 4) making up for5) starting up 6) play up 7) give up 8) take on P494. 1) in/into pollution , had become a reality, Presently, are poised to2) that vibrate, frequency3) lanes, are presently, highway, mounted, alert, hazardII. Word formationP50Kilogram medical careMemorandum electronic mailGymnasium communications satelliteLiberation news broadcastDoctor automatic pilotVeterinarian European dollarPreparatory breakfast lunchAutomobile television broadcastComprehensive ExercisesP63I. ClozeA1. alert2. hazards3. highway4. start5. takecontrol of6. lane7. decrease8. get stuck in9. monotonous 10. eliminate11. convert 12. mountedP54II. TranslationAutomobiles changed the world during the 20th century, particularly in the United states and other industrialized nations. They are indeed of greatuse to us, but they have brought some hazards as well, such as noise and airpollution, and highway fatalities. It is reported that automobile accidentsrang among the leading causes of death and injury throughout the world.Fortunately modern innovators are reinventing the automobile. Newpropulsion systems, fuels, designs, and means of manufacturing cars haveall developed rapidly in the past decade. For example , by using thesatellite-aided Global Positioning System (GPS), a computer in theautomobile can locate the vehicle’s precise position, and with the applicationof sensors, smart cars can eliminate most car accidents.Unit 3, Book 4 Job InterviewV ocabularyI.P841. 1) generously 2) physically 3) structure 4) partition 5) blurted out6) chuckling 7) pried 8) prospective 9) jet 10) sparkled11) took a crack at 12) partner 13) made a (big) difference14) beyond his wildest dream 15) employmentP852 1) go after 2) look back on/ at 3) be put up 4) count on5) was handed down 6) follow up 7) bring about 8) broke intoP874. 1) will interview, applicants, the prospective2) endeavor to, the deadline, go after3) as the saying goes, bracket, have a crack atComprehensive ExercisesP92I.Cloze(A) 1. prospective 2. interview 3. As I see it 4. done yourhomework5. endeavor6. structure7. take a crack8. from the standpoint9. employment 10. deadline 11. make a difference 12. follow up(B) 1. matter 2. to 3. not 4. possible5. can6. interview7. ask8. copies9. If 10. preparing 11. what 12. kinds13. take 14. Prior 15. whether 16. fitP93II.TranslationWell begun is half done, as the saying goes. It is extremely important for a job applicant to do his homework while seeking employment.From my standpoint, whether or not one has done his homework clearly makes a difference in his chance of success.I have a friend who is earning somewhere in the neighborhood of 100,000 dollarsa year in a large computer software company. He told me that from his own experience the decision makers who interview prospective employees like people who are well prepared. Those who make no endeavor to learn as much about his prospecti ve employer as possible don’t have much of a chance of success.Unit 4，Book 4 The Multicultural SocietyVocabularyI. 1. 1) plural 2) debt 3) thesis 4) inevitably 5) historical6) precedent 7) constructive 8) destructive 9) ethnic 10) combination11) stagnant 12) destiny 13) discourage 14) from the perspective of15) in the (medical) sense2. 1) leave behind 2) show up 3) go over 4) knock off5) Leave (them) alone 6) fading away 7) took in 8) keep up with 3. 1) … is essential for infection in the hospital to be kept effectively under control.2)… had a se nse that their country was at the center of the world and so called it“the Middle Kingdom”.3)… network of mentors, women and men, has helped me at various stages in my career.4) … to have/ develop a conception of ourselves in the universe not as th e masterspecies but as the servant species: as the one being given responsibility for the whole and for the good of the whole.4. 1) in decline, mentality, paralyzing the2) the characteristics , an immigrant, unbelievable3) a religion, cooperation with, submergeII. Confusable Words1. like/ as2. as3. like4. like/ as5. as/ like6. as7. like8. asStructure2. 1) his determination to realize his ideals.2) a desire to follow in his footsteps.3) reached a decision to walk back.4) failure to properly educate its children.Comprehensive ExercisesI.Cloze(A) 1. on the decline 2. historical 3. for the first time 4. mentality 5. essential6. discouraged7. destiny8. immigrants9. ethnic 10. combinationII. TranslationProfessor Huntington’s paper greatly inspired me. According to him, in a plural / pluralistic society, there will inevitably be different opinions. The key is to deal with them in such a way that they can play a constructive rather that destructive role.He argues that in a plural/ pluralistic society we must stress /attach importance to interpersonal relationships, cooperation, and looking at issues from the perspective of other people. If some groups regard themselves as superior and treat other ethnic groups or religions with disrespect, the whole society may be paralyzed.I am convinced that if we put into practice the ideas mentioned above, then there is the possibility of creating a new civilization.Unit 5，Book 4 CrueltyVocabularyI. 1. 1)In a way 2)clapping 3)elderly 4) in accordance with 5)vacancy6)funks 7)current 8)in good condition 9) transparent 10)rub11)spicy 12)hitherto 13)committed 14) with a very bad grace 15) instinct2. 1) turned up 2) stuck to 3)brought back 4) settled down5)driving at 6)away 7)touch on/upon 8)bear…out3. 1)She has a very weak constitution—she may not be able to survive the operation.2)I was taken aback by the insurance company’s rejection of my claim.3)It was something of a surprise when we ran into each other in a place like that.4)…needs trimming /to be timmed—it’s getting too long.5)…are often deceptive4. 1)Oddly enough/went broke/wrinkled/had gone all to pieces2)a definite/evidently/was a trifle3)shaving/stroking his/sippingII. Usage1.Except for2.except that3. except4. except when5.except to6. except that7. except where8.except that Structure1. 1)He’ll accept the job unless the salary’s too low.2)Unless she comes soon, I’m going without her.3)Milk quickly turns sour unless it’s refrigerated.4)Unless we are told to stop, we will carry on selling the furniture.2.1) If you happen to pass a baker’s2)it happened that no one was in the house.3)Peter happened to be speaking to me about his would-be-mother-in-law/It happened that Peter was speaking to be about his would-be-mother-in-law. Comprehensive ExercisesII.ClozeA 1.insane mitteed 3.current 4.was taken aback 5.in good condition6.constitution7. go all to pieces8.gone broke9.vacancy 10. mild 11.funk 12. deceptiveB 1. range 2. to 3. called 4. Although 5. as 6. rural 7. below8. understanding 9. suffer 10. but 11. other 12. it 13. emotional 14. no 15. from 16. into 17. at 18. reduce 19. basis 20. about/ofII. TranslationFor my own part, I should certainly hestitate to hire a clerk on his face /appearance alone. Appearances are all to often deceptive. For instance, you might well commit an error in judgment if you went by appearances only with people like Edward Hyde Burton, the characeter created by Maugham. As far as appearance and manners were concerned, Burton seemed a man all of a piece. He was a tiny little fellow with white hair and mild blue eyes. Kind, gentle and candid, he was described by many as one of the most respectable people on earth. Nevertheless, he turned out to be cruel to a friend in need of his help. He insulted and fooled Turner who was down and out and made him commit himself to an insane venture. What was still more surprising was that he was completely indifferent to Turner’s dealth. Without doubt, Burton was a man with a heart of stone.Unit 6，Book 4 The Pace of LifeVocabularyI. 1. 1)appliance 2)comparative 3)mutlitply 4)oblige 5)prosperity6)in reality 7)aircraft 8)volunteers 9) a handful of10)distribution 11)famine 12)large quantities of / a large quantity of 13)widespread 14)streamline 15)provoke2. 1)take back 2)cling to 3)stand out/stood out 4)set aside5)set about 6)switch off 7)amount to 8)poured in3. 1)…is forecast to be below average next year, which at the moment is 4 percent.2)…seems to be some confusion over who is actually giving the talk as both menare speaking to the audience.3)…to enter the building and find the baby girl proved futile as rescuers were driven out by the heat and flames.4)…was urged to diver some of its attention from controlling production and getmore involved with demanding issues.5)…can really eat heavily into your profits when you are selling suits at￡900and dresses at￡2,000.4. 1)forum/growth/domestic market / a shortage of2)an abundance of /springing up / the frontiers3)a burden/are always on the go /seem forever on the go/to copeII. Confusable Words1. 1)nervousness 2).tension 3).stress/tension 4).tension2. 1).honorary 2).Honorable 3).honorable 4).honorary5). honorable 6). HonoraryIII. Usage1.Dealing with the extinction crisis is no simple matter. Is it sensible, we may ask, to spend large sums of money to save some species--be it an elephant or an orchid--in a nation in which a large proportion of the population is living below the poverty line?2.This new technology could be used anywhere large numbers of people need to be quickly screened--at airport, train stations, bus terminals or border crossings. However, experts suspect, there is also the risk that people will learn to fool the machine the same way they try to fool polygraph reading by controlling their breath or taking drugs to relax themselves.3.With a high percentage of marriages ending in divorce, often due to financial difficulties, you would say that money is a big factor in making a good marriage. But, believe it or not,it isn't money that ensures you a happy marriage; it is your philosophy of life that does.4.Not all the risks on the Internet are sexual, you know. Sites promoting violence are just a click away, and may include instructions for making bombs and other destructive devices.5.Structure1. 1)Philosophical essays and translations apart2) Interest in computer science apart3) Handsome reward apart4) Good looks apart2.1) of 2)about 3) through in 4)from ontoComprehensive ExercisesIII.ClozeA 1. switch off 2.obliged 3.on the go 4. stress5.cope6. shortage 7 . Wide-spread 8. large quantity of9. pouring in 10.a handful of 11. fraction 12.futileB 1. to 2.else's 3. in 4. because 5.where 6. how 7. among8. everything/all 9. That 10.schedule/allot 11. sticking 12.where/what 13.once/when 14.doesn't 15.the 16. in 17.all 18.effectivelyII. TranslationThere is no question that today we are under constant pressure to work longer hours, to produce more, to possess more, and to become a success. Workaholism, a modern addiction, has thus arisen. The cause of workaholism is the perception that by working longer hours and completing more projects, we will enhance our self-worth.Many women today feel the same stress to produce and get ahead and, at the same time, to nurture their offspring and shoulder a variety of domestic responsibilities.Research shows that workaholism tends to distance us from our immediate families. It forces us to labour longer and longer hours, leaving a minute fraction of time to be physically and emotionally available to our loved ones. Intimacy among family members is doomed to die in the process.Unit 7，Book 4 TerrorismVocabularyI. 1. 1)faxed 2)boom 3)jogs 4)contending 5) span 6)hiking7) pertinent 8)adolescents 9)tags 10)weaves 11)all of a sudden12) statistical 13)string 14)disapproving 15)recurs2. 1)has backed up 2)went off 3)is held up 4) settle for5)be laid up 6)strike out 7) reflect on/upon 8)applied for 3. 1)...mortality rate is very high in the poorest rural areas of Africa.2) ....we can fix it by ourselves for nothing3)...unusual that John was among the few who arrived early at yesterday's party, for which he was praised by the hostess.4)...a lot of maintenance whatever the cost.5) ...(was)enveloped in thick fog.4. 1)pondered for/to fax/the statistical/to back up2)much imagination/weave /and unusual3)maintenance/for nothing fromII. Collocation1.a little of2. a few/a few of the3. much 4 .few5. many6. many of/most of7. much of8. littleIII. Usage1.All I did was fax her the paper so as to let her decide what to do.2.What you need to do is write a follow-up letter after the interview to indicate your eagerness to join the company.3."All you ever want to do is go shopping," Tim shouted at his wife.4.All I did was touch the window , and it broke.5.What the publisher did was cash in on the chance to promote his new textbooks.6.What we'll do is leave a note for Bob to tell him we'll be back in time for the dinner party.Structure1. 1)"You seem to like smoking a pipe, don't you? Did you use to like it before?" asked Phil.2)Life here is much easier than it used to be.3)We used to be able to walk around the town at night without fear of being mugged. But now no one dares to go out after dark.4) You don't come and see us as often as you used to.2. 1)It seems they don't care whether the deal is profitable or not.2)She doesn't care who teaches so long as he/she teaches well.3)Don't fuss about it. No one cares how you dress.4)Most people don't seem to care when/where the conference will be held. Comprehensive ExercisesIV.ClozeA 1.reflect on 2.span 3.fax 4.imagination 5.boom 6.statistical7 .back up 8.contends 9.recurring 10.send in 11. weaveB 1.told 2.of 3.What 4.on 5.think 6.But 7.When 8.also9.declares 10.itself 11.what 12.will 13.not 14.What 15.war 16.cannot 17.every 18.But 19.ways 20.thanII. TranslationA severe earthquake occurred all of a sudden at 10 a.m. Yesterday in a rural area, about 200 kilometers east of the city. Initial reports coming out of the region indicate the earthquake has caused widespread devastations/damage and heavy casualties. Many adolescents were among those injured or killed. Yet it remains obscure exactly how many people were hurt and killed as the area has been enveloped in rubble. However, one thing is certain: many of the survivors may face years of pain and suffering. Local people were clearly shaken by this reminder of their mortality. Some religious ones have gathered to pray that it will never recur.Unit 8.，Book 4 TravelVocabularyI. 1. 1)heap 2) was smeared 3) in detail 4)dissolve 5)loosed6) slapped 7) hollows 8)tangle 9)lay/get her hands on10)darted 11)thrashing 12)hop 13)in flocks 14)illuming 15)opaque 2. 1)take...apart 2)take up 3)rests on 4)subscribe to5)have called for 6)came through 7)breaks down 8)runs out of 3. 1)...was dying to see the movie based on it.2)...to the 20th floor of our office building can mute all sound. That's why streetnoises do not penetrate there.3)...the spokeswoman's beauty and elegance/the beautiful and elegant spokeswoman, the crowd hushed.4)...slumped into an armchair, feeling completely exhausted.5)...was reputed to be the wittiest woman of her time.4. 1)swarmed to/the spectacular/paddled2)live in the heart of/out of the range of/trailing/gliding3)Now/now/clattered/strips/on the fringeII. Confusable Words1.1)worth 2)worthy 3) worthwhile 4) worth 5)worth 6)worthwhile2.1)lone 2)alone 3)alone 4)lonely 5)lonely 6)aloneIII. Usage1)ice cream 2)teas 3)wines 4)cloth 5)soap 6)beer7)fuels 8)soils 9)sugars 10)grassStructure1. 1)...get/start his program going without strong financial support2)...started/set the audience in the theater laughing heartily as well.3)have set phones ringing in plastic surgeons' offices across the country.4)had her getting to her feet and walking out of the room immediately2.1)wonder that 2)wondered how/why 3)wonder where 4)wondered who/how Comprehensive ExercisesV.ClozeA 1.trails 2.tangled 3.heart 4.loop5.slap6. oars 7 .glides 8.clatter9.out of sight 10.in flocks 11.swarms 12.spectacularB 1.running/winding 2.trips 3.either 4.by 5.main6.tributaries7.prefer8.foot9.through 10.If 11.creating 12.While 13.lies 14.where 15.second 16.With 17.including 18.will II. TranslationLast Wednesday my classmate Caroline and I visited Zhouzhuang, a well-known town looped all around by streams. When we arrived at the town, Caroline was so excited that she darted towards the first bridge she saw and began singing loudly there. Suddenly her voice hushed when she found that she had startled a flock of ducks not too far from us. Now as Caroline was dying for a boat ride, we decided to tour the town by boat. Now loud, now soft, Caroline talked to all the creatures in the stream and was fussing about everything while I looked at the boats gliding over the water in all silence. Though we did not see anything spectacular, we enjoyed every minute in the town that lies out of the range of the heavy traffic and noise of the large city.Zhouzhuang is worth visiting and, time permitting, I'd like to go there again.。
全新版大学英语综合教程第四册第四单元PPT课件
Grammar
4
Before Reading
While Reading
Words
Multinational corporations manufacture products in many countries and sell to consumers around the world. Money, technology and raw materials move ever more swiftly across national borders. Along with products and finances, ideas and cultures circulate more freely. As a result, laws, economies, and social movements are forming at the international level.
2021
Grammar
5
Before Reading
While Reading
Words
Grammar
Now ,let’s enjoy a video
Back
2021
6
Before Reading
While Reading
Words
Grammar
Part Division of the Text Match the ideas
Before Reading
While Reading
Байду номын сангаасWords
Grammar
Unit 4 Globalization
Text A In Search of Davos Man 寻找达沃斯人
全新版大学英语综合教程4Unit_2
Terms of roads:
Underground / subway Light rail (elevated railway) Inner-ring road Outer-ring road Elevated road; viaduct Over-pass Mag-lev train: Magnetically levitated train
Part Division of the Text
Parts 1 2 3 Para 1-3 4-9 10-13 Main Ideas
The prospect of future smart cars and smart highways.
Features of future smart cars The building of smart highways
3. The car, and the roads it travels on, will be revolutionized in
the twenty-first century. The key to tomorrow‘s ―smart cars‖ will be sensors. ―We‘ll see vehicles and roads that see and hear and feel and smell and talk and act,‖ predicts Bill Spreitzer, technical director of General Motors Corporation‘s ITS program, which is designing the smart car and road of the future. Part I (p1~3) --The impact of new technology on cars and highways of future
上外综合教程4unit2-电子教案
UNIT 2 SPACE INVADERSSection One Pre-reading Activities (1)I. Audiovisual supplement (1)II. Cultural background (2)Section Two Global Reading (2)I. Structural analysis of the text (2)II. Rhetorical features of the text (3)Section Three Detailed Reading (3)I. Questions (4)II. Words and expressions (5)III. Sentences (7)Section Four Consolidation Activities (9)I Vocabulary (9)II. Grammar (11)III. Translation (13)IV. Exercises for integrated skills (15)V. Oral activities (16)VI. Writing (16)Section Five Further Enhancement (16)I Text II (16)II Memorable Quotes (19)Section One Pre-reading ActivitiesI. Audiovisual supplementFrom Secrets of Body LanguageWatch the video clip and answer the following questions.Script:Voiceover:But body language is often complex, and easily misunderstood. Here, President Clinton leads the Israeli and Palestinian leaders Ehud Barak and Yasser Arafat up before theall smiles for the cameras, but behind the fa?ade of press during peace negotiations. It’sbonhomie, there’s a power struggle going on. Clinton jokingly explains that none of themwill take any questions.Clinton: We promise to each other we will answer no question and offer no comments, so I have to set a good example.Voiceover: The body language then reveals just why that works.Expert A:Wow. It’s almost a physical fight.Voiceover: Many view this apparently light-hearted tussle as a sign that Arafat and Barak were getting on well. Think again.Expert A: There is a great meaning behind who goes through the door first. Now of course here in the West, letting someone through the door first doesn’t really matter. Polite maybe. But in the Middle East, it has significant cultural impact.in control. I’ll help you through the door. I’ll Expert B:The host, the power person, says, “I’mshow you the way.”Arafat:Thank you. Thank you.Voiceover: Throw in the fear and tension present in most Middle East negotiations, and suddenly, the desire of both Arafat and Barak not to go through that door before the other starts tomake sense.Expert C: This is a classic example in its extreme way of how the last man through the door is the winner. So Barak reaches for Yasser A rafat. Arafat literally grasps his arm, moves on, andstarts wagering his finger at Barak, who, then, Barak, uses this opportunity as a wrestlingmatch to move around, to actually be behind Arafat, and then literally grasps Arafat, holdshim by the arm, and shoves him through the door.Expert B:So you’ve got fear and power struggle, s h owing in big big big big bold body language with it.Questions:1. How is the “getting through the door” movement understood by many people?Answer: Many view this apparently light-hearted tussle as a sign that Arafat and Barak weregetting on well.2. What is the hidden message behind the scene?Answer: Arafat and Barak are struggling to get through the door after the other party in order toshow “I am in control”．3. What does this story tell us?Answer: Body language is very important, but often complex and easily misunderstood.II. Cultural backgroundPersonal spacePersonal space can be imagined as a kind of bubble surrounding a person that protects his orher privacy and which other people may not normally enter. Allowing somebody to get very closeand enter your personal space may be a sign of trust or love. On the other hand, intruding other’s personal space can be rather offensive.The amount of space people need to feel around them varies with various factors, such asculture, sex, familiarity between people, crowdedness of the situation, etc. For example:●people from cultures that like a lot of personal space feel awkward and embarrassed whensomebody comes too close to them;●people of the same sex may sit or stand closer to each other than to somebody of theopposite sex;●strangers and casual acquaintances usually need more space than friends and members ofthe same family who know each other well;●in a noisy street people may need to stand closer than they would normally, simply in order tohear each other.Section Two Global ReadingI. Structural analysis of the textIn the text, the writer first points out the fact that nowadays people are more concernedabout themselves and want to have a larger personal space than decades ago, and then heanalyses the causes of space invasion.The text can be divided into three parts.Part I (Paragraphs 1 – 2): The writer calls the reader’s attention to the invasion of personal spaceby relating an experience of how his personal space was invaded.Part II (Paragraphs 3 – 7): The writer analyzes some likely causes of the shrinkage of personalspace, and attributes the invasion of personal space to the general decline of good manners.Part III (Paragraph 8 – 9): The author presents his view about the essence of personal space, i.e.it is psychological, rather than physical, and urges people to “expand the contracting boundarie of personal space”．II. Rhetorical features of the textA vivid and accurate description of the behaviour of the space invaders and those whosepersonal space is being invaded is achieved by a delicate selection of verbs. Some of the examplesare as follows.Verbs and verbal phrases used to describe the behaviour of space invaders:- a man … started inching toward me … (Paragraph 1)- In elevators, people are wedging themselves in just before the doors close ... (Paragraph 3)- In movie theatres these days, people are staking a claim to both armrests, annexing all theelbow room ... (Paragraph 7)Verbs and verbal phrases used to describe the reaction of those whose space is being invaded:- I minutely advanced toward the woman… in front of me ... (Paragraph 1)- … who absent-mindedly shuffled toward the white-haired lady ahead of him ... (Paragraph 1)Practice:Please find more examples to illustrate the author’s careful choice of verbs.Section Three Detailed ReadingSPACE INVADERSRichard Stengel1 At my bank the other day, I was standing in a line snaking around some tired velvet ropeswhen a man in a sweat-suit started inching toward me in his eagerness to deposit his SocialSecurity check. As he did so, I minutely advanced toward the woman reading the Wall StreetJournal in front of me, who, in mild annoyance, began to sidle up to the man scribbling acheck in front of her, who absent-mindedly shuffled toward the white-haired lady ahead ofhim, until we were all hugger-mugger against each other, the original lazy line havingcollapsed in on itself like a Slinky.2 I estimate that my personal space extends eighteen inches in front of my face, one foot toeach side, and about ten inches in back — though it is nearly impossible to measure exactlyhow far behind you someone is standing. The phrase “personal space” has a quaint, seventiesgratifying expressions that ring to it (“You’re invading my space, man”), but it is one of thoseare intuitively understood by all human beings. Like the twelve-mile limit around our nationalshores, personal space is our individual border beyond which no stranger can penetratewithout making us uneasy.found that my personal space is being invaded more than ever before. In3 Lately, I’veelevators, people are wedging themselves in just before the doors close; on the street,pedestrians are zigzagging through the human traffic, jostling others, refusing to give way; onthe subway, riders are no longer taking pains to carve out little zones of space betweenthemselves and fellow-passengers; in lines at airports, people are pressing forward like fidgetytaxis at red lights.and the relentless4 At first, I attributed this tendency to the “population explosion” Malthusian logic that if twice as many people inhabit the planet now as did twenty years ago,-shirt weather each of us has half as much space. Recently, I’ve wondered if it’s the season: Tcan make proximity more alluring (or much, much less). Or perhaps the proliferation of coffeebars in Manhattan — the number seems to double every three months — is infusing so muchcaffeine into the already jangling locals that people can no longer keep to themselves.5 Personal space is mostly a public matter; we allow all kinds of invasions of personal spacein private. (Humanity wouldn’t exist without them.) The logistics of it vary according togeography. People who live in Calcutta have less personal space than folks in Colorado. “tread on me” could have been coined only by someone with a spread. I would wager thatpeople in the Northern Hemisphere have roomier conceptions of personal space than those inthe Southern. To an Englishman, a handshake can seem like trespassing, whereas to a Brazilian,anything less than a hug may come across as chilliness.6 Like drivers who plow into your parked and empty car and don’t leave a note, people nolonger mutter “Excuse me” when they bump into you. The decline of manners has beenwidely lamented. Manners, it seems to me, are about giving people space, not stepping ontoes, granting people their private domain.7 I’ve also noticed an increase in the ranks of what I think of as space invaders,mini-territorial expansionists who seize public space with a sense of manifest destiny. In movietheatres these days, people are staking a claim to both armrests, annexing all the elbow room,while at coffee shops and on the Long Island Railroad, individuals routinely commandeerbooths and sets of facing seats meant for foursomes.8 Ultimately, personal space is psychological, not physical: it has less to do with the spaceoutside us than with our inner space. I suspect that the shrinking of personal space is directlyproportional to the expansion of self-absorption: people whose attention is inward do notbother to look outward. Even the focus of science these days is micro, not macro. The HumanGenome Project is mapping the universe of the genetic code, while neuroscientists are usingsouped-up M.R.I. machines to chart the flight of neurons in our brains.9 In the same way that the breeze from a butterfly’s wings in Japan may eventually producea tidal wave in California, I have decided to expand the contracting boundaries of personalspace. In the line at my bank, I now refuse to move closer than three feet to the person infront of me, even if it means that the fellow behind me starts breathing down my neck.I. Questionsa term of the seventies? Is it out of date nowadays? Why or why not?1. Is “personal space” (Paragraph 2)Answer: “Personal space” was a term popularly used in the seventies but seldom mentionedout of date. People, whatever periods they are in,nowadays. However, it doesn’t mean that it isneed personal space, which is not to be penetrated. The only problem is that the world isbecoming so crowded that it is impossible for people to protect their personal space as well asthey used to do.(Paragraph2. What does the author mean by saying “personal space is mostly a public matter”？5)Answer: Personal space, first of all, is the space you expect and are expected to keep betweenyou and other people in public places in order to maintain an appropriate interpersonalrelationship. Edward T. Hall in The Hidden Dimension, for example, describes the social values applied by Americans to certain distances between people as falling into four main categories: “Intimate distance (0 –1&1/2 feet), Personal distance (1&1/2 –4 feet), Social/Consultative distance (4 – 10 feet), and Public distance (10 or more feet).”3. Do you agree with the writer’s view that the contraction of the outer, personal space is proportional to the expansion of the inner-space of modern man? (Paragraph 8)Answer: Yes, people in the present society tend to be more self-centered, concentrating on their private affairs and ignoring the outer world around them. They say they have no time or energyto care about others in a society of fast tempo. As a matter of fact, they do not want to botherabout it.Class ActivityGroup discussions:Topic A: Is personal space important to you? Why or why not?Topic B: According to your observation, does personal space vary in different places /relations / cultures? Give examples.II. Words and expressionsPart 1: Paragraphs 1-2snake: v. move in a twisting waye.g. The train was snaking its way through the mountains.Synonym: meanderinch: v. move very slow and carefullye.g.Howard inched forward in the crowd.He inched his way through the narrow passage.in mild annoyance: with a little anger or impatiencemild: a. not very great in degreee.g. We looked at each other in mild astonishment.Synonym: slightsidle: v. walk in a timid manner, esp. sideways or obliquelye.g. A man sidled up to me and asked if I wanted a ticket for the match.scribble:v. write or draw (sth.) carelessly or hurriedlySynonym: scrawle.g.He scribbled a note to his sister before leaving.She scribbled down her phone number and pushed it into his hand.Throughout the interview, the journalists scribbled away furiously.n. [U, sing.]careless and untidy writinge.g. How do you expect me to read this scribble?without lifting them fully from the groundshuffle: v.walk by dragging one’s feet along ore.g.He slipped on his shoes and shuffled out of the room.A fat woman was shuffling along with a pushchair.Collocations:shuffle sth. off: avoid talking or thinking about sth. because it is not considered importante.g.He shuffled the question off and changed the topic.shuffle out of sth.: try to avoid some unpleasant task by acting dishonestlye.g.I mistrust the way in which they shuffle out of sustained efforts.Slinky:n. A Slinky (“机灵鬼”，一种用软弹簧做成的会翻跟头的玩具) is a coil-shaped spring invented by mechanical engineer Richard James in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Slinkys come in various sizes and shapes. They can “walk” down stairs as the coils stretch and reform as gravitymoves them down each step, the spring’s momentum causing it to spill end over end from onestep to the next.ring: n. a quality, or an impression of having the quality that is mentionede.g. Her story had a ring of truth about it.The books he mentioned had a familiar ring about them.gratifying: a. giving pleasure or satisfactione.g. The new plan may be gratifying to the President.Derivations: gratify v.; gratification n.penetrate: v. succeed in forcing a way through (sth.)e.g. They penetrated into the territory where no man had ever gone before.The sun’s radiation penetrates the skin.Part II: Paragraphs 3-7wedge: v. force into a narrow space; fix sth. in position by using a wedge or sth. elsee.g. The people sitting close to me wedged me into the corner.Open the door wide and wedge it with a pad of newspaper.zigzag:v. move forward by going at an angle first to one side, then to the othere.g. We zigzagged up the hill.The narrow path zigzags up the cliff.n. a line or pattern that looks like a series of let ter W’s as it bends to the left and then to the right againe.g.The path descended the hill in zigzags.a. [only before noun]e.g. a zigzag line/path/patterncarve out: establish or create sth. through painstaking efforte.g. With months of strenuous work, the artist carved out a flower of ivory.Years of failures and setbacks have taught him and carved out a career for him.press: v.push, move, or make (one’s way) strongly, esp. in a crowde.g. He pressed his way through the crowd.So many people pressed round the famous actress that she couldn’t get to her car. Translation:人群挤在她身边，争着要她的签名。
(上外版)全新版大学英语综合教程2和4课后练习翻译句子答案归纳
1 背离传统需要极大的勇气1) It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a departure from the tradition.2汤姆过去很腼腆，但这次却非常勇敢能在大庭广众面前上台表演了2) Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was bold enough to give a performance in front of a large audience.3很多教育家认为从小培养孩子的创新精神是很可取的3) Many educators think it desirable to foster the creative spirit in the child at an early age.4假设那幅画确实是名作，你觉得值得购买么4) Assuming (that) this painting really is a masterpiece, do you think it’s worthwhile to buy/purchase it?5如果这些数据统计上是站得住脚的，那他将会帮助我们认识正在调查的问题5)If the data is statistically valid, it will throw light on the problem we are investigating.1该公司否认其捐款有商业目的1) The company denied that its donations had a commercial purpose.2每当他生气时，他说话就有一些结巴2) Whenever he was angry, he would begin to stammer slightly.3教育是我们家庭最看重的传统，这就是为什么我父母不带我到昂贵的饭店吃饭，却送我到最好的私立学校上学3) Education is the most cherished tradition in our family. That’s why my parents never took me to dinner at expensive restaurants, but sent me to the best private school.4手术康复后不久，他失业了，因此经历了人生又一个困难阶段4) Shortly after he recovered from the surgery, he lost his job and thus had to go through another difficult phase of his life.5与我们的富裕邻居相比，我们的父母就相当穷了，但他们总是努力满足我们最起码的需求5) In contrast to our affluent neighbors, my parents are rather poor, but they have always tried hard to meet our minimal needs.1研究表明，笑能带来许多健康上的好处1)Research shows that laughter can bring a lot of health benefits.2互联网连接速度慢真让人心烦2) A slow Internet connecting speed is really annoying.3法律规定，帮助他人自杀是犯罪3) As the law stands, helping someone commit suicide is a crime.4玛丽在她的报告中试图从一个完全不同的角度来解释这些数据4) 4)In her report, Mary tries to interpret the data from a completely different angle.5苏是一个很有天分的女孩，他那惊人的记忆力使她在同班同学中显得格外突出5) Sue is a girl of great talent. Her amazing memory sets her apart from her classmates.1是工人和主管人员的创造力和敬业精神将这个公司变成了一个盈利的企业1) It is the creativity and dedication of the workers and executives that turned the company into a profitable business.2食品和医药的价格在过去的三个月里急剧增长2) The prices of food and medicine have soared in the past three months.3我们打算重新粉刷这栋办公大楼的上面几层3) We plan to repaint the upper floors of he office building.4他的成功表面流行与艺术价值有时候是一致的4) His success shows that popularity and artistic merit sometimes coincide.5我不愿意看见我所敬爱的祖母躺在医院床上痛苦的呻吟5) I don’t want to see my beloved grandmother lying in a hospital bed and groaning painfully.1他这人话不多，但要说玩电脑那他就太机灵了，同学们都不是他的对手1)He is a man of few words, but when it comes to playing a computer games, he is far too clever for his classmates.2无知的孩子们可能认为这些动物很可爱并开始跟他们玩起来2) Children who don’t know any better may think these animals are pretty cute and start playing with them.3没有办法获得贷款，所以，要购买新设备，我只得咬紧牙关，卖掉我的混合型动力汽车3) There is no way to obtain a loan, so to buy the new equipment, I will just have to grit my teeth and sell my hybrid car.4如果猎人没有看到一群象朝他的营地走来，他就不会开枪4) The hunter would not have fired the shots if he hadn’t seen a herd of elephants coming towards his campsite.5我觉得具有讽刺意味的是汤姆的记忆是有选择的，他好像不记得过去痛苦的经历特别是那些有他自己制造的痛苦经历5) I find it ironic that Tom has a selective memory --- he does not seem to remember painful experiences in the past, particularly those of his own doing.1自从新政策生效之后，很多小企业就在这个城市涌现出来1)Many small businesses have sprung up in the city since the new policy went into effect.2听到这一消息后，她略微一笑，然后便又习惯性的皱起眉头2)On hearing the news, she smiled briefly, and then returned to her habitual frown.3他稍微停顿了一下以加强讲话效果，然后说，我们可以通过新的渠道进入市场3) He paused for effect, then said:“We can reach/enter these markets through new channels.”4学校新添的音乐厅可以帮助他培养年轻的音乐人才4)The addition of a concert hall to the school will help it nourish young musical talents.5我们必须首先建立一个主权国家，否则就无法保护我们的人身自由5)We have no way to protect our personal liberties until we have established a sovereign state,/We can’t protect our personal liberties unless we, first of all, establish a sovereign state. 1. 多尔蒂先生和他的家人目前正在农场忙于秋收。
全新版大学英语综合教程第四册第四单元讲义
Global Reading Detailed Reading
After Reading
Unit 4 Globalization Supplementary Reading
Part Division of the Text Match the ideas Further Understanding
Before Reading
China and the WEF
Before Reading
Global Reading Detailed Reading
After Reading
Unit 4 Globalization Supplementary Reading
The World Economic Forum An independent, international organization incorporated as a Swiss not-for-profit foundation whose motto is “DeetaniletdrReeapdinrgeneurship in the global public interest”. It believes that economic progress without social development is not sustainable, while social development without economic progress is not feasible.
Unit 4 Globalization
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Supplementary Reading
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Unit 2“Future”, is a puzzling word for all the people in this world, including the scientists and the common. What will the world be like in five hundred year’s time? A thousand years’ time? Or more? Some people are pessimistic, and fear that things can only get wore because people may be slaves of the developed science and technology. Others are optimistic, looking forward to a better world and a happy life with the development of science and technology. In this Unit, we are given two texts about “smart cars”, a kind of intelligent products that bring so much convenience to people in the future. Then let’s come to Unit2 and learn something about “smart cars” in about 7 classes..Objectives in Unit 2:⒈words and phrases:alert application capability convert correlate decrease(increase) drastically eliminate expansion prototype manufacturing in the air take control of get/be stuck in turn(sth.) into/become a reality appropriate implement outline permanent thereby at the start of by means of in cooperation with⒉structure:①double prepositions②V. + it +adj. + to do③“P.P” (present or past) is used as adjective to modify noun.⒊ learn some techniques in expository writing (definition, quote, a mixture of facts and opinions, etc.)4. writing: how to write a resume ( need explaining in detail)--- for homework to introduce next unit.For the first period: (1st,2nd class) have a revision of Unit 1 and come to Unit 2(words and phrases)Text A Smart CarsⅠSOME QUESTIONS for group discussion: (30 minutes)①What will the world be like in the future? (worse or better) What aspect do you think in theworld will change most?—Worse: destroyed by the people themselves, war, depend excessively on advanced science and technology to become lazy, indifferent, lack love between people and people, the Judge Day.—Better: make good use of science and technology to improve the world, a world garden, a society like Communist Society, happy life, share—Aspect: people’s life ,( way of thinking, custom)②With the development of science and technology, what will happen to cars? What can be called“smart cars”?—In the film “007”, a “smart car ” is described. It was a transportation for Bond and the name was “the vanish”. It was a car of “adopted camouflage. Tiny cameras on all sides…project the image they see onto a light-emitting…polymer skin on the opposite side. For the casual eyes, it’s as good as invisible. Plus all the usual refinements, ejector seat…”③Would you like to drive a smart car? Why or why not?Like—convenient, comfortable, a vehicle avoiding traffic accidents, safe, with many functions that we can imagineDo not like—can not enjoy the pleasure of driving a car, too complex④ Free writing :(Finish it in ten minutes)*You may begin with the sentences:A. If I could afford a car, I will buy one without hesitation because…….B. Even if I could afford a car, I may not actually want to drive one because…...*State your viewpoints to the other students in your groupⅡ Background information (Introduction of Cars) : (10 minutes)The invention of cars ─ The first self-propelled car was built by Nicolas Cugnot in 1769 which could attain speeds of up to 6 kms/hour. In 1771 he again designed another steam-driven engine which ran so fast that it rammed into a wall, recording the worlds first accident.Some famous brands of cars ─General MotorsFord Motor Company(Ford Lincoln Mercury Mazda V olvo Jaguar Land Rover Aston Martin)DaimlerChrysler （戴姆勒-克莱斯勒）(DaimlerChryslers’ passenger car brands include Maybach, Mercedes-Benz, Chrysler, Jeep®, Dodge and smart. Commercial vehicle brands include Mercedes-Benz, Freightliner, Sterling, Western ,Star and Setra)Toyota (Toyota is a world famous brand of cars. The company is in Japan) Mercedes-Benz (This brand has stood for more than 100 years. It is a German company.)From the questions we discussed in the above, we can get a general impression on the future world and the smart cars in the future. Smart cars that can see, hear, feel, smell, talk, and drive on their own… all that sounds like a dream maybe become a reality with the help of computer revolution and with the appearance of smart cars, the modern science and technology will bring some effects on man in the future possibly. Thereby, let’s look at the first text “Smart Cars”.Ⅲ TEXT ORGANIZATION: (15 minutes)Part one paras 1—3 New technology will have a dramatic impact on cars andhighways in the 21st century.Part two paras 4—9 With the aid of advanced technology, smart cars will bedesigned that they can help eliminate traffic accidents, determinetheir own precise locations and warn of traffic jams.Smart cars are superior to the ordinary cars in many ways: (let the students findanswers in this part)①Smart cars can see, hear, feel, smell, talk, and act.②They can eliminate most car accidents.③They can alert the police and provide precise location if stolen.④They can monitor one’s driving and the d riving conditions nearby.⑤They can alert the driver who feels drowsy.⑥They can locate your car precisely and warn of traffic jams.Part three paras 10—13 GPS and “telematics” will make it possible tobuild smart highways, which will benefit us inmore than one way.ⅣKEY POINTS in the text: (30 minutes)Part one⒈questions: — What are the effects of the computer revolution?—It brings the development of automobile industry and theappearance of the smart cars become possible.⒉language points: ① turn into/become a reality ─ Her dreams of being a college studenthas turned into a reality.②para1 phrase “remain unchanged” 保持一种状态Keep warmremain untouched remain silentpara2 rank as: put…in a class 被列为…They all agree to rank Addison as a great essayist.…as among… (double preposition. Exercise 1 for structure)para3 key (to): sth. that provides an answer (to a problem or a mystery)General Motors Corporation 通用汽车公司ITS program: 智能运输系统Intelligent Transportation System program ITS improves transportation safety and mobility and enhances productivity through the use of advanced communications technologies.Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) encompass a broad range of wireless and wire line communications-based information and electronics technologies. When integrated into the transportation system's infrastructure, and in vehicles themselves, these technologies relieve congestion, improve safety and enhance American productivity.Homework: ① review the key points we have leaned in the part one.② preview the following text, find the difficult sentences, try to memorize the wordsand expressions in the vocabulary.For the second period: (3rd ,4th class)Part two⒈questions: ① ─In what aspects are the smart cars superior to the ordinary cars? (text organization 2)②─What new technology have already been adopted in developing the cars? ─We have had the cars that can monitor one’s driving and the driving conditions nearby; We have had the cars that can determine how sleepy you are as you drive; and in Japan cars with navigational capability have been built.⒉ language points: para4 ① don’t bother to do: take trou ble 麻烦Don’t bother toget dinner for me today; I’ll eat at a restaurant in town.② via (prep.) 通过by way of④in the air : uncertain— My plan are still quite in the air.There is a peculiar smell in the air.Para 5 ① scan for② S hould you make a serious mistake,… (subjunctive mood)If you should make a serious mistake,…Para 6 ①MIT: 麻省理工学院Massachusetts Institute of Technology, one of the world’s leading research universities, in Cambridge, Massachusetts. In 1865, the school was opened in Boston by geologist William Barton Rogers who became its first president. Throughout its history MIT has held a worldwide reputation for teaching and reach.② underestimated/overestimatedPara 7 question: what are the two of the most frustrating things about driving a car? And how to overcome it ? ()①tune to②They make it possible to determine your location…V. + it +adj. + to doExercise 2 for structurePara 8 convert (to) ─change from one form or use to another (followed by into/to)The signal will be converted into digital code.Para 9 correlate ─have a mutual relationship or connection, in which one thing affects or depends on another (followed by with/to)A mothers smoking in pregnancy correlates with low birth weight in her baby.Part three:⒈questions: How to use GPS and “telematics” in automobile industry in the future? What are the benefits?—Blind individuals could use GPS…the list of potential uses is endless; put the smart cars on smart high ways—This could prove to be an environmental boon as well, saving fuel, reducing traffic jams, decreasing air pollution, as serving as an alternative to highway expansion.⒉ language points: ①be poised to do: (be ready to do) The automobile company is poised to launch its new advertising campaign.②…as the price of microchips drops to below a penny a piece…double preposition (exercise on page52)③GPS:全球性定位系统The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-basednavigation system made up of a network of 24 satellites placed into orbit by the U.S.Department of Defense. GPS was originally intended for military applications, but in the 1980s, the government made the system available for civilian use. GPS works in any weather conditions, anywhere in the world, 24 hours a day. There are no subscription fees or setup charges to use GPS.Homework: ①review the whole text, especially the key points. Learn to analysis and translate some long sentences if necessary.② finish the exercises.For the third period: (5th class)Have a dictation and explain the rest exercises of text A, especially the words, phrases and translation, help the students memorize all the language points.Dictation: turn it into reality automobile industry manufacturing industry start up the engine alert the police get stuck in traffic a precise frequency decreasing air pollution highway expansion send put a radio signal application approximately eliminate lucrative convert______changed the world during the 20th century, _______in the United States and other industrialized nations. They are indeed of great use to us, but they have brought some______ as well, such as noise and air______, and highway______. It is reported that automobile accidents _____among the leading causes of death or injury throughout the world. Fortunately modern innovators are reinventing the automobile. New propulsion systems, fuels, designs, and means of ______cars have all developed rapidly in the past decade. For example, by using the _____-aided global positioning system (GPS), a computer in the automobile can _____the vehicle’s precise position, and with the application of sensors, smart cars can _____most cars accidents. (Automobiles, particularly, hazards, pollution, fatalities, rank, manufacturing, satellite, locate, eliminate)Explain the exercises together, especially vocabulary, structure, cloze .(6th class) come to text BText B Intelligent vehiclesObjectives:1.This te xt is used as a fast reading to practice student’s ability for reading comprehension.2.Try to grasp the new words and phrase listed in the box.3.learn to comprehend the sentences and translate them into Chinese.Step one: give students 15 minutes to read the text and at the same time finish the following questions (for first seven N, Y and NG, the next three brief answer s)●We only eliminate the more that ten percent of the traffic crashes that are caused by humanerrors by driving the intelligent car. (N)●We can infer that the author believes that human drivers cannot travel close behind othervehicles. (Y)●The author mentions the Futurama as an example to explain a failed attempt at automation.(N)●Visual systems for observing the road are better than magnetic systems because they do notneed special equipment buried in the road. (Y)●For observing other vehicles, laser systems are preferred in the USA. (NG)●Onboard computers are better than roadside computers for setting lane speed. (N)●The author’ attitude towards the future development of automatic transport system ispositive. (Y)●The distances and closing rates to preceding vehicles can be measured by a _____or a_________. Radar, laser rangefinder●The _______ of these driver muscle functions are electromechanical devices installed inthe automated vehicle. Equivalents●The luxury of being chauffeured to your destination might be enjoyed by all, not justthe__________. Wealthiest individualsStep two: Text Organization─Part one (1—2) the benefit to be gained from the intelligent vehicles─eliminate the traffic crashes, reduce antisocial driving behavior, the entire population can enjoy it, reduce the pollution and fuel consumption Part two (3—15) the way intelligent cars work and the remaining changes as to their application.1.it is a realistic prospect to have intelligent cars in the near future.2.it is possible to determine accurately a vehicle’s position and orientationrelative to the lane’s center.3.The distances and closing rates to preceding vehicles can be measured by aradar or a laser rangefinder.4.the electromechanical devices control the car completely.puters in the vehicles and those at the roadside decide when and whereto change the course.6.There remains a number of difficulties to be overcome, technical onesespecially.Part three (16) the promising future of intelligent cars.Homework：preview the text；read the text in detailFor the forth period:Step three: key points─1.outline / deadline/ headline/ online/ underline2.implication─n. implication for sb./sth.The new report has far-reaching implications for the future of broadcasting.这一新报告对广播业的前途有些意味深长的暗示。