[考研类试卷]英语专业基础英语(翻译)历年真题试卷汇编4.doc

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[考研类试卷]英语专业基础英语(翻译)历年真题试卷汇编8.doc

[考研类试卷]英语专业基础英语（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编8一、翻译1 cultural industry2 open economy3 non-profit organization4 Interior Ministry5 down payment6 IMF7 NATO8 a stock exchange9 The State Council10 Mount Everest11 anti-dumping12 breaking news13 national census14 将下列短文译成汉语。

(首都师范大学2010研，考试科目：英语翻译基础)A very large number of people cease when quite young to add anything to a limited stock of judgments. After a certain age, say 25, they consider that their education is finished. 15 It is perhaps natural that having passed through that painful and boring process, called expressly education, they should suppose it over, and that they are equipped for life to label every event as it occurs and drop it into its given pigeonhole. But one who has a label ready for everything does not bother to observe any more, even such ordinaryhappenings as he has observed for himself, with attention, before he went to school. He merely acts and reacts.16 For people who have stopped noticing, the only possible new or renewed experience, and, therefore, new knowledge, is from a work of art. Because that is the only kind of experience which they are prepared to receive on its own terms: they will come out from their shells and expose themselves to music, to a play, to a book, because it is the accepted method of enjoying such things. True, even to plays and books they may bring artistic prejudices which prevent them from seeing that play or comprehending that book. Their artistic sensibilities may be as crusted over as their minds.17 But it is part of an artist's job to break crusts, or let us say rather that artists who work for the public and not merely for themselves are interested in breaking crusts because they want to communicate their intuitions.18 Translating the following into Chinese．(北京航空航天大学2013研，考试科目：综合英语)How is it that we have moved so far from everyday prose? Social critics might trace this back to the demise of letter writing. The details of housekeeping and child rearing, the rigors of life and work, advice to friends and family: none was slated for publication. They were communications that gave shape to life by describing it for others.But as the letter fell out of favor and education became professionalized, with its goal less the expansion of the mind than the acquisition of a job, writing began to be seen largely as the purview of writers. Writing at work also became so stylistically removed from the story of our lives that the two seemed to have nothing in common.The age of technology has both revived the use of writing and provided ever more reasons for its spiritual solace. E-mails are letters, after all, more lasting than phone calls, even if many of them are too cursory for you. And the physical isolation they and other arms-length cyber-advances create makes talking to yourself more important than ever. That's also what writing is: not just a legacy, but therapy. As the novelist Don DeLillo once said, " Writing is a form of personal freedom. It frees us from the mass identity we see in the making all around us. "19 Translate the following into Chinese．(北京航空航天大学2012研，考试科目：综合英语)History shows it is only when the economy is in the mud that Americans feel free to do what they want to do. As the author J. K. Rowling said so succinctly in her 2008 address to Harvard graduates, failure can mean a " stripping away of the inessential. " When she was an impoverished single mother, she started to write her magical tales: "I stoppedpretending to myself that I was anything other than what I was, and began to direct all my energy into finishing the only work that mattered to me. You will never truly know yourself, or the strength of your relationships, until both have been tested by adversity. " This doesn' t mean it is an uplifting experience to be unemployed, of course. But it may mean we ease up on some of the judgment that springs from the false idea that a person without a job has not just hit bad luck or a poor economy—but is a failure. Having a job is hardly the only, or best, measure of a life.It may also mean we can accept plateaus, understand that a life has troughs we can climb out of, and that a long view is the wisest one. A recession is a great reminder that all of us need to learn, as Samuel Beckett said, to "fail better" , which means rethinking what we really want to do with our lives, who we want beside us, and how we measure worth. Think of poor Willy Loman. Today his grandchildren might be proud.20 Translate the following into Chinese．(北京航空航天大学2011研，考试科目：综合英语)How do lenders decide whether consumers are creditworthy? In America one of the key determinants is an individual's FICO score, named after the Fair Isaac Corporation, which devised it. The idea goes back decades, to a time when small retailers, which needed to offer credit(money available for a client to borrow), pooled information on which customers were good and bad payers. These days the bulk of the information is provided by banks and lenders such as credit-card companies. This is translated into a score ranging from 350 to 800, with the most creditworthy customers getting the highest rating. Andy Jennings of FICO says that customers' rankings remain remarkably steady over time: the best payers remain the best payers. What does change is the level of bad debts across all categories when the economy hits a recession. During the subprime-lending boom mortgages were offered to borrowers with lower FICO scores than in the past. An updated version of the FICO model, to reflect the subprime crisis, was released last year. The crisis has brought about one big change in consumer behaviour. The mortgage used to be the last debt people would default on. They did not want to lose their homes or to forfeit the substantial deposit they had had to find. But during the subprime boom many borrowers were able to buy homes without putting down any money, which changed their attitude. In effect, they were renting with an option to profit from higher house prices.In the current recession some borrowers have given priority to their credit-card and car loans rather than their mortgages. After all, they can usually find a new home to rent. But without a car many of them cannot get to work and without a credit card they find it hard to shop.。

英语专业基础英语（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编8.doc

英语专业基础英语（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编8.doc英语专业基础英语（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编8(总分：46.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、1 翻译(总题数：23，分数：46.00)1.Translated the following into English．(辽宁师范大2008研，考试科目：综合英语) 体育作为一种文化现象，在当代生活中的作用越来越大，关心它的人也越来越多，形成了体育文化热。

那么什么是体育文化的内涵呢? 文化是人类在发展中形成的物质财富和精神成果的总和。

体育文化是整个人类文化的一种，而且是非常独特的一种。

别的种类的文化大多受到国家、民族、宗教等因素的阻隔而形成一个个文化圈。

比如电影，观众很多，也有国际评奖，但电影评奖总要受到评委们的主观意识的影响，很难有一个非常明确的客观标准。

而体育则有共同的规则，有共同的体育语言。

体育能真正体现“公平竞争”的原则，所以越来越受到人们的欢迎，以奥林匹克精神为特征的体育文化已被全世界人民所接受。

（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________2.Translate the following underlined into English．(辽宁师范大学2007研，考试科目：综合英语) 一个小伙子暗恋着一个女孩。

女孩是他的同事，他们在一个办公室里工作。

小伙子性格内向，不善言辞，他不知道如何向女孩子表达他的爱慕之意。

写情书吧，小伙子是学理工的，一直搞技术工作，满脑子的图形，就是没有一句有文采的话。

小城里也没有花店，电影电视上常见的送花那一套也无从谈起。

至于直截了当地告诉女孩子说“我爱你”，小伙子就更没有这个胆量了。

这样的恋情应该说是没戏了。

但事实上一年后他们却结了婚。

有人向小伙子讨教，他说：“我每天上班的第一件事就是帮她擦桌子：然后为她泡上一杯她喜欢喝的绿茶。

她胃不好，我经常备些胃药放在她的桌上。

一开始她不知道是我做的这些事情，时间长了就知道了。

英语专业基础英语(翻译)历年真题试卷汇编5.doc

英语专业基础英语（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编5(总分：40.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、1 翻译(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.Translate the following passage into English．(南开大学2010研，考试科目：专业英语) 教育的功用就在顺应人类求知、想好、爱美的天性，使一个人在这三方面得到最大限度的调和的发展。

以达到完美的生活。

教育的目的在启发人性中所固有求知、想好、爱美的本能，使它们尽量伸展。

中国儒家的最高的人生理想是“尽性”。

他们说：“能尽人之性则能尽物之性，能尽物之性则可以赞天地之化育。

”（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________2.Translate the following passage into English．(南开大学2009研，考试科目：专业英语) 东方文明的最大特色是知足。

西洋近代文明的最大特色是不知足。

知足的东方人自安于简陋的生活，故不求物质享受的提高；自安于愚昧，自安于“不识不知”，故不注意真理的发现与技艺器械的发明；自安于现成的环境与命运，故不想征服自然。

西方人大不然。

他们说“不知足是神圣的”。

物质上的不知足产生了今日钢铁世界，汽机世界，电力世界。

理智上的不知足产生了今日的科学世界。

社会政治制度上的不知足产生了今日的民权世界。

神圣的不知足是一切革新一切进化的动力。

（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________3.Put the following into English．(天津财经大学2006研，考试科目：现代英语)银行业面临的挑战在于如何使客户乐意学习使用并信任这种新型的服务渠道。

多数大银行现已能够提供完全可靠的、功能齐全的网上银行业务，不收取或只收取少许费用。

随着越来越多的银行网上业务的成功，以及越来越多的客户登陆它们的网站，功能齐全的网上银行业务很可能变得像自动柜员机一样普及。

英语专业基础英语(翻译)历年真题试卷汇编24.doc

英语专业基础英语（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编24(总分：40.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、1 翻译(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.Answer the essay question in no fewer than 200 words in English.(北京外国语大学2008研，考试科目：英汉互译) Susan Bassnett in her book Translation Studies(Third Edition)commented on equivalence: " Equivalence in translation, then, should not be approached as a search for sameness, since sameness cannot even exist between two TL versions of the same text, let alone between the SL and TL version". In what way do you agree or disagree with this statement? Please give examples to defend your argument.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________2.Chinese composition．(北京外国语大学2008研，考试科目：英汉互译) 埃德温．根茨勒所著《当代翻译理论》(Contemporary Translation Theories)对北美翻译培训派、多元系统论、解构主义、文化转向、后殖民翻译理论等文学翻译研究的发展进行了全面的扫描。

写一篇250字左右的中文作文，选择根茨勒所总结的其中一个流派，说明其对于研究英汉、汉英翻译有何意义。

（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________3.Answer the following question in English in around 300 words, using the ANSWER SHEET provided.(北京外国语大学2007研，考试科目：英语翻译理论和实践)There has been a debate over domesticating and foreignizing as translation strategies. There are arguments for domesticating and there are also arguments for foreignizing. How do you look at the issue in discussion?（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________4.Read the following two translated versions of Du Fu"s 望岳, and comment on them according to the following instructions in at least 400 words.(北京航空航天大学2013研，考试科目：综合英语)Instructions:A. Write a passage to compare the two versions of the translation and then state your preference.B. Analyze your preferred version by using a certain theoretical approach. You should firstly introduce the theory and then use it for your analysis.Chinese version: 《望岳》杜甫岱宗夫如何?齐鲁青未了。

考研英语历年翻译真题试卷.doc

一 . 1980考研英语翻译真题及答案Section VI Chinese-English Translation将下列句子译成英语：（本大题共20 分，第 1 题 2 分，其余各题均 3 分）Section VI: Chinese-English Translation (20 points)1.水一煮沸请立即把开关关掉。

1.Please turn off the switch (switch off) as soon as the water boils.2.在八十年代，中国人民将以更大的步伐向前迈进。

2. The Chinese people will forge ahead (march on, march onward, march forward) with greater strides in 1980’ s.3.我们都同意李同志已作出的决定。

3.We all agree to the decision comrade Li has made (made).4.这个结果比我们预期的要好得多。

4.The result is much (far) better than we expected.5.在过去的三年中，在恢复我国国民经济方面做了大量的工作。

5.During the past three years a lot (of work) has been done in the recovery (restoration) of our national economy (in recovering our national economy; in restoring our national economy).6.我们把英语作为学习西方先进科学技术的一种工具。

6.We use English as a tool in learning Western advanced science andtechnology.7.没有党的领导，我国的社会主义现代化是不可能实现的。

[考研类试卷]英语专业基础英语（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编31.doc

[考研类试卷]英语专业基础英语（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编31.doc[考研类试卷]英语专业基础英语（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编31一、翻译1 我们熟悉的握手方式多种多样：有掌心出汗的人；有紧张得把你的手捏得生疼的人；A型气质的人总是乐呵呵地同别人握手，然后急忙停下来，又再继续握。

这种多样性使我们能“感觉到”对方是个什么样的人。

而我们寻求的常常是真诚。

握手还可以传达敬意。

对商界女性来说，握手是有影响力的。

20年前，如果一个女人主动去和男人握手，通常会被认为是爱出风头。

现在女人握手已经是司空见惯了，许多人反而认为旧式的“社交接吻”即使不是傲慢无理也是有背于职场惯例。

2 崇祯五年(1632)十二月，余住西湖。

大雪三日，湖中人鸟声俱绝。

是日更定矣，余挈一小舟，拥毳衣炉火，独往湖心亭看雪。

雾凇沆砀，天与云与山与水，上下一白。

湖上影子，惟长堤一痕、湖心亭一点、与余舟一芥，舟中人两三粒而已。

到亭上，有两人铺毡对坐，一童子烧酒炉正沸。

见余，大喜日：“湖中焉得更有此人!”拉余同饮。

余强饮三大白而别，问其姓氏，是金陵人，客此。

及下船，舟子喃喃曰：“莫说相公痴，更有痴似相公者!”3 Translate the following into English．(四川外国语大学2012研，考试科目：英语翻译与写作)在这样一个技术与交流紧密联系的时代，面对面的信息传递对于专业成功显得愈发重要。

我们比任何古人都容易获取更多的信息。

轻敲几下键盘，就可以获取任何专题的大量信息。

尽管我们能够得到的信息急剧增长，但我们一天二十四个小时并没有随之增加。

在这个信息的海洋里，技术反而使我们更难得到合适的信息。

而正因为如此，优秀的公众演讲者成了无价之宝。

聆听条理清晰、语言简洁的报告仍是我们理解新信息最为省事的方式。

然而，尽管公众演讲好处良多，大多数人还是惧怕面对公众进行演讲。

对科学工作者而言，或许更是如此。

除了所有演讲者都面临的担忧之外，他们还必须讲解复杂的专业知识。

英语专业基础英语(翻译)历年真题试卷汇编4.doc

英语专业基础英语（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编4(总分：40.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、1 翻译(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.Translate put the following passage into Chinese．(福建师范大学2004研，考试科目：写作与翻译)Some people say that money is what makes everything possible...I share a different opinion.I believe that money can be really horrible. Sure, with money one could afford to live ultimate desires, but what"s really hidden from view is the kind of thing that too much money could do to people. Money and wealth disguise all the humanity of life. So many people wonder about every day of their lives wishing to live a rich animation. Yet the part they miss in that" wonderful" life is the change that takes place in themselves. To gain something one must be willing to exchange something, and for something as massive as money, the price is breathtaking. Nevertheless, some see it as reasonable amount and even more agree to the trade: even if the price is the one most important gift from God. All one must pay is their soul.These innocent victims of greed and selfishness are blinded from all but bills of disgusting green. Pretty soon they are jailed inside their own world of rotten filth fooled by their philosophy that money is the most substantial thing on the face of this planet. Suddenly even the nicest restaurants in town fail to please them and so they move elsewhere seeking something—anything that will satisfy their lost and stolen senses. The braggadocio of their mammoth ego demolishes even the most patient hearts and so they become lonely predators of their own humanity. They look upon soul as thieves eyeing their every penny, and even their own mother to them is a burglar thirsty for green. They trust no one, think of no one, help no one, and in the process shed all love within them: hopeless, and helpless. Trapped in their own creation, these dreams are...and they say money is harmless—how could they say that?（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________2.Translate the following paragraph into Chinese．(武汉大学2013研，考试科目：基础英语)Most investigation in the field of industrial psychology are concerned with the question of how the productivity of the individual worker can be increased, and how he can be made to work with less friction: psychology has lent its services to "human engineering, " an attempt to treat the worker and employer like a machine which runs better when it is well oiled. While Taylor was primarily concerned with a better organization of the technical use of the worker"s physical powers, most industrial psychologists are mainly concerned with the manipulation of the worker"s psyche. The underlying idea can be formulated like this: If he works better when he is happy, then let us make him happy, secure, satisfied, or anything else, provided it raises his out put and diminishes friction. In the name of " human relations, " the worker is treated with all devices which suit a completely alienated person: even happiness and human values are recommended in the interest of better relations with the public, thus, for instance, according to Time magazine, one of the best-know American psychiatrists said to a group of fifteen hundred Supermarket executives:" It"s going to be an increased satisfaction to our customers if we are happy...It is going to pay off in cold dollars and cents to management, if we could put some of these general principles of values, human relationships, really into practice. " One speaks of "human relations" and one means the most inhuman relations, those between alienated automatons:one speaks of happiness and means the perfect routinization which has driven out the last doubt and all spontaneity.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________3.Translate the following sentences into English．(武汉大学2012研，考试科目：基础英语)In general, the United States was founded upon European, and especially British, precedents. Culturally speaking , America might be called a European colony. However, to say so is to draw attention to the complexity of the A-merican scene. No other colony has been so heterogeneously populated,or so long politically independent of Europe. No other country whose origins lie in Europe has had so sharp an awareness of its cleavage from, and superiority to, the parent cultures. Running through American history, and therefore through American literature, is a double consciousness of Old World modes and New World possibilities. Yesterday has been dismissed and pined for:tomorrow has been invoked and dreaded. It has not been the most favorable of situations for the production of literature. As A-merican, the writer has distrusted Europe: as writer, he has envied the riches available to his European counterpart. At any rate, this was true of creative literature: the novel, the poem, and the play were for long inhibited in the United States. By and large, critical and historical writings have flowed more easily from American pens.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________4.Translate the following English into Chinese．(武汉大学2011研，考试科目：英语综合) Psychologically there are two dangers to be guarded against in old age. One of these is undue absorption in the past. It does not do to live in memories, in regrets for the good old days, or in sadness about friends who are dead. One"s thoughts must be directed to the future, and to things about which there is something to be done. This is not always easy: one"s own past is a gradually increasing weight. It is easy to think to oneself that one"s emotions used to be more vivid than they are, and one"s mind more keen. The other thing to be avoided is clinging to youth in the hope of sucking vigour from its vitality. When your children are grown up they want to live their own lives, and if you continue to be as interested in them as you were when they were young, you are likely to become a burden to them, unless they are unusually callous. I do not mean that one should be without interest in them, but one"s interest should be contemplative and, if possible, philanthropic, but not unduly emotional. Animals become indifferent to their young as soon as their young can look after themselves, but human beings, owing to the length of infancy, find this difficult. I think that a successful old age is easiest for those who have strong impersonal interests involving appropriate activities. It is this sphere that long experience is really fruitful, and it is in this sphere that the wisdom born of experience can be exercised without being oppressive.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________5.Translate the following passage into Chinese by using proper translating strategies and methods．(中南财经政法大学2009研，考试科目：语言学、文学与翻译)Future historians, I hope, will consider the American fast food industry a relic of the 20th century—a set of attitudes, systems, and beliefs that emerged from postwar southern California, that embodied its limitless faith in technology , that quickly spread across the globe, flourished briefly, and then receded, once its true costs became clear and its thinking became obsolete. We cannot ignore the meaning of mad cow. It is one more warning about unintended consequences, about human arrogance and the blind worship of science. The same mind-set that would add beef to your chicken nuggets would also feed pigs to cows. Whatever replaces the fast food industry should be regional, diverse, authentic, unpredictable, sustainable, profitable and humble. It should know its limits. People can be fed without being fattened or deceived. This new century may bring an impatience with conformity, a refusal to be kept in the dark, less greed, more compassion, less speed, more common sense, a sense of humor about brand essences and loyalties, a view of food as more than just fuel. Things don"t have to be the way they are. Despite all evidence to the contrary, I remain optimistic.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________6.Translate the following passage into fluent Chinese by using proper translating strategies and skills．(中南财经政法大学2008研，考试科目：翻译与写作)"Duty" , "Honor" , "Country"—those three hallowed(神圣的)words reverently dictate what you want to be, what you can be, what you will be. They are you rallying point to behold courage when courage seems to fail, to regain faith when these seems to be little cause for faith, to create hope when hope becomes forlorn(被遗弃的).Unhappily , I possess neither that eloquence of diction, that poetry of imagination, nor that brilliance of metaphor to tell you all that they mean.The unbelievers will say they are but words, but a slogan, but a flamboyant(华丽的)phrase. Every pedant, every demagogue, every cynic, every hypocrite(虚伪的人), every troublemaker, and, I am sorry to say, some others of an entirely different character, will try to downgrade them even to the extent of mockery and ridicule.But these are some of the things they do. They build your basic character. They mold you for your future roles as the custodians(监护人，卫士)of the nation"s defense. They make you for strong enough to know when you are weak, and brave enough to face yourself when you are afraid.They teach you to be proud and unbending in honest failure, but humble and gentle in success, not to substitute words for action, not to seek the path of comfort, but to face the stress and spur of difficulty and challenge: to learn to stand up in the storm, but to have compassion on those who fall: to master yourself before you seek to master others: to have a heart that is clean, a goal that is high to learn to laugh, yet never forget how to weep to reach into the future, yet never neglect the past: to be servers, yet never take yourself too seriously, to be modest so that you will remember the simplicity of true greatness:the open mind of true wisdom, the meekness of true strength.They give you a temperate will, a quality of imagination, a vigor of the emotions, a freshness of the deep springs of life, a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity, an appetite for adventure over love of ease. They create in your heart the sense of wonder, the unfailing hope of what next, and the joy and its inspiration of life. They teach you in this way to be an officer and a gentleman.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________7.Translate the following passages into Chinese．(湖北大学2008研，考试科目：翻译与写作)I still keep in mind a certain wonderful sunset which I witnessed when steam-boating was new to me. A broad expanse of the river was turned to blood: in the middle distance the red hue brightened into gold, through which a solitary log came floating black and conspicuous: in one place a long, slanting mark lay sparkling upon the water: in another the surface was broken by boiling, tumbling waves, that were as many-tinted as an opal: where the ruddy flush was faintest, was a smooth spot that was covered with graceful circles and radiating lines, ever so delicately traced: the shore on our left was densely wooded, and the somber shadow that fell from this forest was broken in one place by a long, curvy trail that shone like silver: and high above the forest wall a clean-stemmed dead tree waved a single gold leafy bough that glowed like a flame in the unobstructed splendor that was flowing from the sun. There were graceful curves, reflected images, woody heights, soft distances: and over the whole scene, far and near, the dissolving lights drifted steadily, enriching it every passing moment with new marvels of coloring.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________8.I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: " We hold theses truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal. "I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, sons of former slaves and sons of former slave owners will be able to sit together at the table of brotherhood.…I have a dream my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.…I have a dream today! When we allow freedom to ring, when we let it ring from every village and hamlet, from every state and city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God"s children—black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Catholics and Protestants —will be able to join hands and to sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, "free at least, free at last. Thank God Almighty, we are free at last. "（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________9.English-Chinese Translation(华中师范大学2012研，考试科目：写作翻译)Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blownme hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a great ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy—ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness—that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what—at last—I have found.With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate this evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.(Bertrand Russell: What I Have lived for)（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________10.English-Chinese Translation(华中师范大学2011研，考试科目：写作翻译)Torcello, which used to be lonely as a cloud, has recently become an outing from Venice. Many more visitors than it can comfortably hold pour into it, off the regular steamers, off chartered motor-boats, and off yachts: all day they amble up the towpath, looking for what? The cathedral is decorated with early mosaics-scenes from hell, much restored, and a great sad, austere Madonna: Byzantine art is an acquired taste and probably not one in ten of the visitors have acquired it. They wander into the church and look round aimlessly. They come out on to the village green and photograph each other in a stone armchair, said to be the throne of Attila. They relentlessly tear at the wild roses which one has seen in bud and longed to see in bloom and which for a day have scented the whole island. As soon as they are picked the roses fade and are thrown into the canal. The Americans visit the inn to eat or drink something. The English declare that they can"t afford to do this. They take food which they have brought with them into the vineyard and I am sorry to say leave the devil of a mess behind them. Every Thursday Germans come up the towpath, marching as to war, with a Leader. There is a standing order for fifty luncheons at the inn:while they eat the Leader lectures them through a megaphone. After luncheon they march into the cathedral and undergo another lecture. They, at least, know what they are seeing. Then they march back to their boat. They are tidy: they leave no litter.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________11.English-Chinese Translation．(华中师范大学2010研，考试科目：写作翻译)Excerpt from Jane EyreSomething of daylight still lingered, and the moon was waxing bright: I could see him plainly. His figure was enveloped in a riding cloak, fur collared, and steel clasped: its details were not apparent, but I traced the general points of middle height, and considerable breadth of chest. He had a dark face, with stern features and a heavy brow: his eyes and gathered eyebrows looked ireful and thwarted just now: he was past youth, but had not reached middle age: perhaps he might be thirty-five. I felt no fear of him, and but little shyness. Had he been a handsome,heroic-looking young gentleman, I should not have dared to stand thus questioning him against his will, and offering my services unasked. I had hardly ever seen a handsome youth: never in my life spoken to one. I had a theoretical reverence and homage for beauty, elegance, gallantry, fascination: but had I met those qualities incarnate in masculine shape, I should have known instinctively that they neither had nor could have sympathy with anything in me, and should haveshunned them as one would fire, lightning, or anything else that is bright butantipathetic.(Charlotte Bronte, Jane Eyre)（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________12.English-Chinese Translation．(华中师范大学2009研，考试科目：写作翻译)On Not Answering the TelephoneSuppose you ignore the telephone when it rings, and suppose that, for once, somebody has an important message for you. I can assure you that if a message is really important it will reach you sooner or later. Think of the proverb: "Ill news travels apace. " I must say good news seems to travel just as fast. And think of the saying: "The truth will out. " It will. But suppose you answer the telephone when it rings. If, when you take off the receiver, yousay "Hello!" just think how absurd that is. Why, you might be saying "Hello!" to a total stranger, a thing you would certainly think twice about before doing in public, if you were English.But perhaps, when you take off the receiver, you give your number or your name. But you don"t even know whom you are giving it to! Perhaps you have been indiscreet enough to have your name and number printed in the telephone directory, a book with a large circulation, a successful book so often reprinted as to make any author envious, a book more in evidence than Shakespeare or the Bible, and found in all sorts of private and public places. By your self-advertisement you have enabled any stranger, bore, intruder, or criminal to engage you in conversation at a moment"s notice in what ought to be the privacy of your own home.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________13.Translate the following passage into Chinese．(中国地质大学2007研，考试科目：翻译与写作)With the high degree of specialization, the frontiers of knowledge are steadily being pushed back more rapidly than ever before. But this has not been achieved without considerable cost. The scientist, who outside his own particular subject is little more than a moron, is a modern phenomenon: as is the man of letters who is barely aware of the tremendous strides that have been made in technology. Similarly, specialization has indirectly affected quite ordinary people in every walk of life. Many activities which were once pursued for their own sakes, are often given up in despair : they require techniques, the experts tell us, which take a life-time to master. Why learn to play the piano, when you can listen to the world"s greatest pianists in your own drawing-room?Little by little, we are becoming more and more isolated from each other. It is almost impossible to talk to your neighbor about his job, even if he is engaged in roughly the same work as you are. The Royal Society in Britain(英国皇家学会)includes among its members only the most eminent scientists in the country. Yet it is highly disconcerting to find that even here, as one of its Fellows put it, at a lecture only 10% of the members can understand 50% of what is being said!（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________14.Translate the following passage into Chinese．(中国地质大学2006研，考试科目：翻译与写作)Modern intolerance is divided into three parts: the intolerance of laziness, the intolerance of ignorance and the intolerance of self-interest.The first of these is perhaps the most general. It is to be met with in every country and among all classes of society. It is most common in small villages and old-established towns, and it is not restricted to human beings.It is this variety of intolerance which makes parents shake their heads over the foolish behavior of their children: which has caused the absurd myth of "the good old days" : which makes savages and civilized creatures wear uncomfortable clothes: which fills the world with a great deal of superfluous nonsense and generally turns all people with a new idea into the supposed enemies of mankind.The second variety is much more serious.An ignorant man is, by the very fact of his ignorance, a very dangerous person. But when he tries to invent an excuse for his own lack of mental faculties, he becomes a terror. For then he erects within his soul a granite bulwark(花岗岩的堡垒)ofself-righteousness and from the high pinnacle of this formidable fortress, he defies all his enemies to show cause why they should be allowed to live.People suffering from this particular affliction are both uncharitable and mean. Because they live constantly in a state of fear, theyeasily turn to cruelty and love to torture those against whom they have a grievance.There remains as a third category the intolerance caused by self-interest. This, of course, is really a variety of jealousy and as common as the measles.When we attempt to discuss intolerance, we must constantly remember that we have to deal with a very complicated problem. Only upon very rare occasions do we find ourselves confronted with only one manifestation of these three separate forms of intolerance. Most frequently we can discover traces of all three varieties in the cases of perse-cution which are brought to our attention.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________15.English-Chinese Translation．(武汉理工大学2009研，考试科目：基础英语)For generations I"ve been honest, sound and reliable. My safety is legendary. Some call me Almighty. Others warn that worship of me is a sin. I am a dollar, or a buck. Each of these is 2. 61 by 6. 14 inch pieces of printed paper in your pocket or purse.Credit cards were supposed to have made me obsolete years ago, but people use me more than ever. In 1960, only $165. 16 was in circulation for each one of you. Now it"s $888. 85.I"m the world"s most important currency. Without me, international trade would halt. The price of everything from Persian Gulf oil to Brazilian coffee is quoted in my name. Take a look at me: I carry an engraving of George Washington after Gilbert Stuart"s painting. Bank tellers stack me face up so that they can look at George in the eye. It"s a security feature. Counterfeit portraits often look dull or one-dimensional. Seven Presidents are shown on my other denominations, but it"s unlikely you"ve eyed Mckinley, Cleveland or Madison. No. $1, 000 or $5 , 000 bills have been issued since 1969 because demand is small. Salmon P. Chase, Lincoln"s Secretary of the treasury, graces the $10, 000 bill.But only 345 of these are still in your hands. Chase and the three Presidents were retired from circulation in 1969: whenever one of them shows his face, the Federal Reserve Bank ships him to the treasury for destruction.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________16.English-Chinese Translation．(武汉理工大学2008研，考试科目：基础英语)About 150 years ago,a village church vicar in York-shire, England, had three lovely, intelligent daughters but his hopes hinged entirely on the sole male heir, Branwell, a youth with remarkable talent in both art and literature.Branwell"s father and sisters hoarded their pennies to pack him off to London"s Royal Academy of Arts, but if art was his calling, he dialed a wrong number. Within weeks he hightailed it home, a penniless failure.Hopes still high, the family landed Branwell a job as a private tutor, hoping this would flee him to develop his literary skills and achieve the success and fame that he deserved. Failure again.For years the selfless sisters squelched their own goals, farming themselves out as teachers and governesses in support their increasingly indebted brother, convinced the world must eventually recognize his genius. As failure multiplied, Branwell turned to alcohol, then opium, and eventually died as he had lived:a failure. So died hope in the one male—but what of the three anonymous sisters?.Undaunted, they continued in their spare time, late at night by candlelight, to pour out their pent-up emotion, writing of what they knew best, of women in conflict with their natural desires and social condition—in reality, less fiction than autobiography! And 19th century literature was transformed by Anne"s Agnes Grey, Emily"s Wuthering Heights, and Charlotte"s Jane. Eyre.But years of sacrifice for Branwell had taken their toll. Emily took ill at her brother"s funeral and died within 3months, aged 29:Anne died 5 months later, aged 30:Charlotte lived only to age 39. If only they had been nurtured instead of sacrificed.No one remembers BranwelPs name, much less his art or literature, but the Bronte sisters" tragically short lives teach us even more of life than literature. Their sacrificed genius cries out to us that in modern society we must value children not by their physical strength or sexual gender, as we would any mere beast of burden, but by their integrity, strength, commitment, courage—spiritual qualities abundant in both boys and girls. China, a nation blessed by more boys and girls than any nation, ignores at her own peril the lesson of the Bronte tragedy.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________17.Translate the following into Chinese．(湖南大学2007研，考试科目：英语语言文学专业基础)The claim that technology-based approaches to language learning are supportive of autonomy rests in part on an assumption, shared with resource-based approaches, that they provide learners with opportunities to self-direct their own learning. In the case of CALL in particular, there is also an assumption that technology can provide learners with the kinds of support they need in order to develop skills associated with autonomy. This cannot be regarded as more than a potential, however, and a great deal depends on the ways in which technologies are made available to learners and the kinds of interaction that take place around them. In the case of CALL software, the degree of control offered to learners is often severely constrained by its structure and content. Text manipulation and computer-mediated communication applications offer greater opportunities for the development of control over learning content. They also offer opportunities for collaboration that are often lacking in other modes of self-access learning. But as in the case of self-access , it may be that learners require a degree of autonomy in advance in order to use new technologies effectively. Claims made for the potential of new technologies in regard to autonomy need to be evaluated against empirical evidence of the realization of this potential in practice.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________18.Passage Translation．(中南大学2010研，考试科目：英语翻译基础)Honorable Your Excellencies Ministers and delegates, honorable specially invited guests of Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Region governments, ladies and gentlemen, I am honored to be present at the Cultural Asia Ministerial Forum along with ministers and delegates in charge of cultural affairs from 23 Asian countries as well as specially invited guests of Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Region governments. Looking all around, I see not only many acquaintances but also new faces. The mutual target of achieving Asian prosperity through cultural cooperation offers us an opportunity to gather, to become acquainted and make friends. The theme of this Cultural Asia Ministerial Forum is " Cultural Asia " . Culture resembles a gentle breeze and light rain that nurtures and enriches us: and it also serves as a strong tie that binds and links us.Entering the 21st century, the whole globe is carrying out discussions on preserving cultural diversity against the background of economic globalization. UNESCO"s Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity, five international network meetings on cultural policies and two Asia-Europe Culture Ministers Meetings gradually bring home to us the importance of regional cooperation to Asian development and the equal stress on politics, economy and culture. Asian countries therefore commence active explorations in regional cultural cooperation based on long-term bilateral cultural exchanges. Two Meetings of the Asian Ministers Responsible for Culture and Arts and the AMCA Plus Three, two Regional Expert Meetings and three Asia Cultural Cooperation Forums in Hong Kong were held in Asia. The past five years was a development phase of great importance in the world and Asian history of culture and civilization, in which cultural ministers and officials present today participated to varying degrees.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________19.Passage translation(From English into Chinese)．(中南大学2010研，考试科目：翻译硕士英语)In the early stage of our life, our parents are the ones who shower us with unconditional love and care, they teach us about what is right and wrong, good and bad. But we always tend to take this for granted. It is only after marriage and having kids that a person understands and becomes sensitive to others feelings. Kids make a person responsible and mature and help us to understand life better.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________20.Materialistic happiness is short-lived, but happiness achieved by bringing a smile on others face gives a certain level of fulfillment. Peace of mind is the main link to happiness. No mind。

[考研类试卷]英语专业基础英语(翻译)历年真题试卷汇编21.doc

[考研类试卷]英语专业基础英语（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编21一、翻译1 知者不惑，仁者不忧，勇者不惧。

2 人民币对美元已经升值15％，而且最近升值越来越大，这顺应了市场供求的变化。

3 将下列段落译成英语．(首都师范大学2010研，考试科目：英语翻译基础)书是我青春期的恋人，中年的知己，暮年的伴侣。

有了它，我就不再愁寂寞，不再怕人情冷暖，世态炎凉。

它使我成为精神世界的富翁。

我真的是“不可一日无此君”。

当我忙完了，累极了；当我愤怒时，苦恼时，我就想亲近它，因为这是一种绝妙的安抚。

4 杭州是中国著名的六大古都之一，已有二千多年的历史。

这个城市不仅以自然美闻名于世，而且有着传统的文化魅力。

不仅有历代文人墨客的题咏，而且有美味佳肴和漂亮的工艺品。

一般来说，游览杭州西湖及其周围景点花上两天时间较为合适。

到杭州旅游，既令人愉快，又能得到文化享受。

5 Translate the following extract into English．(北京林业大学2005研，考试科目：翻译和写作)失业，尤其是主动选择失业，其实是一种勇气，更是一种资格。

张辰两年前研究生毕业，凭借实力和机遇，在经过无数轮的竞争后，进入了一家世界排名500强的国际公司。

一年内，张辰从一名普通职员做到了项目经理，工资翻了几番。

不过最近他向家人宣布：“我又升职了，但是打算圣诞节后辞职。

”这让张辰的家人大吃一惊，“没有什么不顺心的，只是觉得工作不会再带给我满足感了。

”截至2005年三季度，全国劳动力市场供求状况显示，我国15岁至29岁的青年总体失业率达到了9％，远远高于4．5％的城镇平均登记失业率。

而在此之中，类似张辰这样，选择主动失业的占到了一半以上。

“主动放弃就业机会的原因有很多，但这些人都有一个共性，就是不会因为经济原因饿死，至少在短时间内不会。

”复旦大学教授葛剑雄认为，社会发展到现在，一些青年人的确具备了可以失业的条件。

他们不用像上班族那样刻板地工作，可是相比之下他们的生活却格外“富足”。

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[考研类试卷]英语专业基础英语（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编4一、翻译1 Coincidentally, the triple principles of translation put forward by Yan Fu in China are very similar to the three principles of translation proposed by______in the west.（A）John Dryden（B）Alexander Tytler（C）Gideon Toury（D）George Steiner2 Some well-known translators or translation theorists in China have put forward different criteria to evaluate the quality of a translation. Among them, " Resemblance in spirit" is advocated by______.（A）Qian Zhongshu（B）Fu Lei（C）Lu Xun（D）Lin Yutang3 Chinese translations which have been conveniently simplified and made easy are like wine diluted with water. "This famous remark about the quality of a translation is made by______.（A）Zhi Qian(支谦)（B）Dao An(道安)（C）Xuan Zang(玄奘)（D）Hui Yuan(慧远)4 Which of the following translation methods is the closest to the target language readers? （A）word-for-word translation（B）semantic translation（C）faithful translation（D）communicative translation5 The principle of "functionality plus loyalty" is put forward by______.（A）Katharina Reiss（B）Hans Vermeer（C）Christiane Nord（D）Eugene Nida6 Who is the representative figure of the Manipulation School in translation studies? （A）Peter Newmark（B）Lawrence Venuti（C）Andre Lefevere（D）Ernst-August Gutt7 The three types of translation, namely metaphrase, paraphrase and imitation, are proposed by______.（A）Roman Jakobson（B）Martin Luther（C）John Dryden（D）Alexander Pope8 Paraphrase and Comment. In this part there are two passages about translation theories. Read the passages carefully.paraphrase the underlined parts and make some comments upon each passage in English on your ANSWER SHEET according to your own understanding.Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language <u>the closest natural equivalent</u> of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.9 A translator with his eye on his readership is likely to <u>under-translate</u>, to use more general words in the interests of clarity, simplicity and sometimes brevity, which makes him ' omit' to translate words altogether.10 Discuss the cohesive devices used to organize a text and relate them to English / Chinese translation.(with your own examples if possible)(天津师范大学2006研，考试科目：英美文化文学与英汉互译<翻译方向>)11 Define in your own words the term equivalence as it is used in translation studies, and then discuss the concept by referring to what Susan Bassnett has to say in her Translation Studies.(天津师范大学2006研，考试科目：英美文化文学与英汉互译<翻译方向>)12 Distinguish between the following "faux amis" and "amis fideles" by rendering them into Chinese.(浙江大学2007研，考试科目：翻译与写作)They suggest tabling the question in Parliament.13 The committee couldn't reach agreement and decided to table the bill.14 Base your renderings on the semantic translation and communicative translation proposed by Peter Ne-wmark and tell them apart with your illustrations.(浙江大学2007研，考试科目：翻译与写作)(1)Semantic translation(针对 native speakers of English):(2)Communicative translation(针对 Chinese learners of English):15 Identify the most explicit translation method adopted in the following translations and explain how it is used．(武汉大学2013研，考试科目：英语综合<语言学、文学、翻译>)1．The oil of the world will have been used up，and man will be using the more convenient power obtained from the splitting of the atom．译文：全世界的石油将会用尽，人们将使用从原子分裂获得的这种更为方便的动力。

2．The president said at a press conference dominated by questions on yesterday’s election results that he could not explain why the Republicans had suffered snch a widespread defeat，which in the end would deprive the Republican Party of long-held superiority in the House．译文：在一次记者招待会上，问题集中于昨天的选举结果，总统就此发表了讲话。

他说他不能够解释为什么共和党遭到了如此大的失败。

这种情况最终会使共和党失去在众院中长期享有的优势。

16 Compare and analyze the following ST and TT and evaluate the TT in about 100 words．(武汉大学2013研，考试科目：英语综合<语言学、文学、翻译>)ST：人们可沿岩壁凿出的石径走过峡谷，也可从某处乘橡皮舟划过水潭。

满山巨石怪崖，更有深潭碧水，悬崖上多处瀑布骤然跌落，直下峭壁。

当地人讲，这里夏季凉爽宜人，冬季温暖如春，生活在此，如居天上人间。

TT:People can pass through the gorge by walking along the stone path cut from the rock walls, or in some places can row across the pools in rubber boats. Everywhere you can see huge rocks and grotesque cliffs, clean water in deep pools, and from precipices waterfalls abruptly fall down. The local people say, it' s cool and nice here in summer and as warm as spring in winter. Living here is as if living in a fairyland.17 Give your comments on the following statement with your understanding in about 200 words．(武汉大学2013研，考试科目：英语综合<语言学、文学、翻译>)One difficulty in translation lies in matching concepts. Some concepts are culture-specific and others culture-general. It is impossible to translate perfectly culture-specific concepts.18 Explain the following terms in English．(武汉大学2012研，考试科目：综合英语<语言学、文学、翻译学>)Communicative Translation19 Domesticating method20 Dynamic Translation。