词类转换翻译法练习
词类转换翻译法练习
词类转换翻译法练习转译成动词1. Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe.2. In China, there is a lot of emphasis on politeness.3. A careful study of the original text will give you a better translation.4. The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.5. He is a good singer.6. Those small factories are also lavish consumer and waster of raw materials.7. You must be tired. Why don’t you take a rest?8. I am anxious about his health.9. Doctors have said that they are not sure they can save his life.10. Scientists are confident that all matter is indestructible.11. She opened the window to let fresh air in.12. After careful investigation they found the design behind.转译成名词13. This kind of behavior characterizes the criminal mind.14. To them, he personified the absolute power.15. Our age is witnessing a profound political change.16. Most U.S. spy satellites are designed to burn up in the earth’s atmosphere after completing their missions.17. He was treated very shabbily by the press during this period.18. I was encouraged by our president.19. They did their best to help the sick and the wounded.20. Both compounds are acids, the former is strong and the latter is weak.21. He was eloquent and elegant—but soft.22. His whole family were religious.转译成形容词23. This issue is of vital importance.24. The pallor of her face indicated clearly how she was feeling at the moment.25. Our performance was a success.26. Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study.其它词类转译形容词与副词的互相转译27. We must make full use of existing technical equipment.28. This is sheer nonsense.29. This film impressed him deeply.30. The President had prepared meticulously for his journey. 名词与副词的互相转译31. When he catches a glimpse of a potential antagonist, his instinct is to win him over with charm and humor.32. The new mayor earned some appreciation by the courtesy of coming to visit the city poor.33. It is officially announced that China has successfully launched her fist manned spaceship.34. He is physically weak but mentally sound.参考答案：一、转译成动词１．火箭已经用来探索宇宙。
英译汉4-词汇翻译(2)词类转换
第三单元词汇翻译第二节词类转换一、转译为动词1、带有动作意味的名词例1. Television is transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves.例2. The American people demanded his release.He won praise for his release of the prisoners of war.例3. The sight and sound of our jet plane filled me with special longing.例4. I am afraid I can’t teach you swimming. I think my little brother is a better teacher than I.例5. We are enemies of all aggressive wars.例6. The next news bulletin, shorter than usual, made no mention of the demonstration.2、表示动作的介词例1. A force is needed to move an object against inertia.例2. The letter I is commonly used for current, E for electromotive force, and R for resistance.例3. In his early days he abandoned medicine for literature.3、动词衍生的形容词和表示感觉的形容词例1.Sugar and salt are both soluble in water.例2. The Republicans are out, the Democrats in.例3. They are not sure they can save his life.例4. She is familiar with English.二、转译为名词1、动词例1. Often property damage and disrupted lives result.例2. The earth on which we live is shaped like a ball.例3. Mercury weighs about thirteen times as much as water.例4. When this happens, the light is said to be reflected.2、形容词例1. They did their best to help the sick and the poor.例2. Stevenson was eloquent and elegant—but soft.例3. The Wilde family were religious.3、副词例1. He is physically weak but mentally sound.例2. They have not done so well ideologically, as organizationally.例3. Certainly people in enterprises must be mathematically informed if they are to make wise decision.三、转译为形容词1、名词例1. The pallor of her face indicated clearly how she was feeling at the moment.例2. The lower stretches of rivers show considerable variety.例3. I am a perfect stranger to physics.2、副词例1. The President had prepared meticulously for his journey.四、转译为副词1、名词例1. When he catches a glimpse of potential antagonist, his instinct is to win him over with charm and humor.2、形容词例1.We took brief, restless naps.例2. I marveled at the relentless determination of the rain.例3. This is sheer nonsense.例4. Buckley was in a clear minority.。
英语翻译之词类转译法
林则徐禁烟最为成功。 4) Being a successful organizer（组织者） of this football match, he still appears modest.
虽然成功举办了…
.
4、 作为习语主体的名词 常转译成动词：
例：Shall we have a rest? 我们休息一下，好吗？ Let me have a try. 我来试一下。
.
d、 副词→转译成动词
例: Is he up yet? 他起床了没有？
As he ran out, he forgot to have his shoes on. 他跑出去时，忘了穿鞋子。
Please open the window to let fresh air in.
请打开窗子，让新鲜空气进来。 When he went back, the radio was still on, for he had forgotten to turn it off when he left. 他回来时，收音机仍然开着，因为他离开
龙生龙，凤生凤，老鼠的儿子会打洞！
9、WATCH SISTER
表妹
10、heart flower angry open
心花怒放
11、go past no mistake past
.
走过路过，不要错过
词 类 转 译 法 (Conversion of Parts of Speech): 就 是指在翻译过程中，根据译 文语言的习惯进行词类转换， 即把原文中属于某种词类的 词在译文中转换另一种词类， 从而使译文通顺自然。
He was criticized by his leader for failing to report the accident. 他由于未对事故进行汇报而受到领导的批评。
词类转译法Conversion
翻译技巧4词类转译法英语与汉语的一个显著差异：英语呈静态；汉语呈动态从词汇用法上，英语中常用抽象名词、动词的同源名词、同源形容词、副词及介词等来表达动态含义。
而汉语的动词由于无形态变化，若要表示动作意义，往往只能采用动词。
Don’t believe him.You should know he is a good kidder.不要相信他。
你应该知道他很会骗人的。
I’m doubtful whether he is still alive.我怀疑他是否还活着。
Mother is on the telephone with father.母亲与父亲在通话。
一、词类的转译(一)英语名词的转译1.英语名词—〉汉语动词nominalization)成为英语使用中的普遍现象，构成了静态为主的语言特征。
而汉名词化(nominalization语是逻辑性语言，不受动词形态变化的约束，使用较多的动词，形成了明显的动态优势。
英译汉的过程就是在译文中强化原文动态色彩的过程，常常需要英语名词转换成汉语动词。
(1)具有动作意义的名词(action nouns)例1.I’m convinced that China’s WTO membership will do more contributions to the development of global economy.我坚信中国加入WTO将会对全球经济发展做出更大贡献。
例2.Parents’love of children is perfect and minute.(n.+of)父母爱子女无微不至。
English.(n.+of短语)例3.There is no shortcut to the mastery of English掌握英语无捷径。
(2)有些与感官动词(see,hear,think,know等)相联系的名词(sight,sound,glance,view, knowledge等)通常转译成动词。
常用翻译技巧——词类转换
海，交通极方便。
It ’s very convenient for passenger or cargo vessels to sail from
the Xiangjiang River through the Dongting Lake along the
Yangtze River upwards to Chongqing City and downwards to Shanghai City. （V----prep.）
例4. Yet despite this history of government intervention, individuals in the United States have always been able to choose for whom they will work and what they will buy. 什么是“干预的历史”？不就是“历来干预”的意思吗： 尽管美国政府历来干预经济，但美国人总是可以选择为谁工
作、买什么东西。(n--v)
例5. 她和我谈了八个小时，中间还吃了一顿饭，一直谈到 深夜。 She talked with me for eight hours through dinner and well into the middle night. (v--prep)
例.类转换
n. v. adj. adv. prep.
例1. Beggars can’t be choosers. 叫花子不可挑三拣四。 例2. I had been a wanderer among rocks and woods, a reader(阅读者) of curious books when I could get them, a gleaner（拣拾者）of old traditionary stories(古老的故事传说): 不见得英语用名词汉语就得用名词，一切以行文是否符合译文习 惯为准。若直译： 我曾是岩石和森林的漫游者，四处收集到的珍奇读本的阅读者， 各种古老故事传说的拣拾者。 我曾在山岩与林间漫游，也看过不少四处网罗的珍奇读本，还零 零散散收集过一些古老的故事传说。 (N---V)
词类转换——精选推荐
Conversion 词类转换I. Conversion into Chinese verbA. Convert English noun into Chinese verba) Convert English common noun into Chinese verb1. We are enemies of all wars.我们反对一切战争。
2. Differences between the social systems of states shall not be an obstacle to their co-operation.社会制度的不同不应妨碍互相合作。
3. Electric power became the servant of man only after the motor was invented.电动机发明后，电力才开始为人类服务。
C-E：汉语动词转换为英语名词4. 从我们学校可以看到辽阔的大海..A view of the vast ocean can be obtained from our school.5.你必须好好照顾病人。
Y ou must take good care of the patient.b）convert English noun implying the sense of action that is converted from English verb into Chinese verb1. The war in Iraq is a drain on American resources伊拉克战争耗费了美国的资源。
2. He made no mention of the car accident.他没有提到那场车祸。
C-E 汉语中的动词转换为英语中（带有动作含义）的名词3. 他在讲话中特别强调提高产品质量。
In his speech he laid special stress on raising the quality of the products.4. 只要看一眼这封信，你就会明白你上当了。
词类转换翻译法参考资料
词类转换翻译法在英译汉的过程中，有些句子可以逐词对译，有些句子则由于英汉两种语言的表达式不同，就不能逐词对译。
原文中有些词在译文中需要转换词类，才能使汉语译文通顺自然。
一、名词的转译1. 英语名词转译成动词由动词派生的名词，具有动词意思的名词，以结尾表示身份或职业的名词等，这些名词都可以转译成动词。
【例1】The remembrance of these will add zest to his life.X对于这些事情的回想将会增添他生活的乐趣。
【译文】回想起这些事情，会给他的生活增添乐趣。
【例2】He looked on the Convention as a fair and faithful representation of the people.X他认为这次大会是人民的公正忠实的代表。
【译文】他认为这次大会公正忠实地代表了人民。
【例3】Other governmental activities are the responsibilities of the individual states,which have their own constitutions and laws.X其他政府活动则是各个州的责任，各州都有自己的宪法和法律。
【译文】其他政府职能则由各个州来承担，各州都有自己的宪法和法律。
【例4】The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.【译文】看到我们的喷气式飞机，听到隆隆的机声，我感到特别神往。
【例5】To my knowledge, some computers have gone missing.【译文】据我所知，有几台计算机失踪了。
【例6】He was a good listener and they would like to talk with him.X他是个好听众，所以他们喜欢同他谈话。
翻译技巧(2)词类转换法
A. 名词转译成动词（基本方法）
（四）短语中的主体名词通常翻译为动词
1. The next news bulletin（新闻节目）, shorter than usual, made no mention of the demonstration. 2. She had high praise for Dr. Smith, although she complained about his strictness. 3.The party branch secretary showed great concern for the students’ health 4. He has already made mention of the matter in his speech.
A. 名词转译成动词（基本方法）
4. Many people in industry and the service, who have practical experience of noise, regard any investigation of this question as a waste of time. 工业部门和军队中的许多人对噪音有切身体会，他们认为对这 个问题进行任何调查都是浪费时间。 5. An acquaintance of world history is helpful to the study of current affairs. 练习： 1. The 1967 UN document calls for the settlement of the Middle East conflict on the basis of Israel withdrawal from occupied territories and Arab acknowledgement of Israel’s right to exist.
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词类转换翻译法练习
转译成动词
1.Rockets have found application for the explorati on of the uni verse.
2.In China, there is a lot of emphasis on politeness. ______________
3. A careful study of the original text will give you a better tran slatio n.
4.The sight and sound of our jet planes filled mewith special longing.
5.He is a good singe _______
6.Those small factories are also lavish con sumer and waster of raw _________ materials.
7.You must be tired. Why don ' t you take a rest?
8.I am an xious about his health.
9.Doctors have said that they are not sure they can save his life.
10.Scie ntists are con fide nt that all matter is
in destructible.
11.She ope ned the win dow to let fresh air in. _
12.After careful inv estigati on they found the desig n beh ind.
转译成名词
13.This kind of behavior characterizes the crim inal mi nd.
14.To them, he personified the absolute power.
15.Our age is wit ness ing a profo und political cha nge.
16.Most U.S. spy satellites are desig ned to burn up in the earth ' s atmosphere after completing their missions.
17.He was treated very shabbily by the press duri ng this period.
18.I was en couraged by our preside nt.
19.They did their best to help the sick and the wounded. _____________________
20.Both compo unds are acids, the former is strong and the ___ latter is weak.
21.He was eloque nt and elega nt ____________ —but soft.
22.His whole family were religious. ______________ 转译成形容词
23.This issue is of vital importa nee. _____________
24.The pallor of her face in dicated clearly how she was
feeli ng at the mome nt.
25.Our performanee was a success. _____________
26.Independent thinking is _an absolute necessity in study.
其它词类转译
形容词与副词的互相转译
27.We must make full use of existi ng tech ni cal equipme nt.
28.This is sheer nonsense.
29.This film impressed him deeply. ______________
30.The Preside nt had prepared meticulously for his journ ey.
名词与副词的互相转译
31.Whe n he catches a glimpse of a pote ntial an tag oni st, his in sti net is to win him over with charm and humor.
32.The new mayor earned some appreciatio n by the courtesy ____________________ of coming to visit the city poor.
33.It is officially announced that Chi na has successfully
laun ched her fist manned spaceship.
34.He is physically weak but me ntally sound. _________
参考答案：
一、转译成动词
1•火箭已经用来探索宇宙。
2•在中国，人们非常注重讲礼貌。
3•仔细研究原文，你会翻译得更好。
4•看到我们的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的机声，令我特别神往。
5•他唱歌唱得好。
6.那些小工厂还在极大的消耗和浪费原材料。
7.你一定很累了，为什么不休息一会呢？
8.我担心他的身体健康。
9.医生们说他们不敢肯定能否救得了他的命。
10.科学家们都深信，所有的物质都是不灭的。
11.她把窗子打开，让新鲜空气进来。
12.经过仔细研究之后，他们发现这个设计落后厶二、转译成名词
13.这种举止是罪犯的心理特征。
14.在他们看来，他就是绝对权威的化身。
15.我们的时代是深刻政治变革的见证。
16.美国绝大多数间谍卫星，按其设计」在完成使命后，在大气层中焚毁
17.在这期间，他受到了新闻界极不公正的对待。
18.我得到了校长的鼓励。
19.他们尽了最大的努力帮助病号和伤员。
2 0 .这两种都是酸。
前者是强酸，后者是弱酸。
2 1 •他有口才、有风度，但性格软弱。
2 2 .他全家都是虔诚的教徒。
三、转译成形容词
2 3.这个问题至关重要。
2 4•她苍白的脸色清楚地表明了她那时的情绪
2 5 •我们的演出很成功。
2 6 •独立思考对学习是绝对必需的。
四、其它词类转译
（一）形容词与副词的互相转译
2 7•我们必须充分利用现有的技术设备。
2 8 •这完全是胡说/比较：这是一派胡言。
29 •这部电影给了他深刻的印象。
30 •总统为这次出访作了十分周密的准备。
（二）名词与副词的互相转译
3 1.只要一发现有可能反对他的人，他就本能地要用他的魅力和风趣将这人争取过来。
3 2 •新市长有礼貌地前来访问城市贫民，获得了他们的一些好感。
3 3 •官方宣布，中国已经成功的实现了载人航天。
3 4•他身体虽弱，但思想健康。