《宏观经济学》期末考试复习题附答案(参考)
宏观经济学试卷(附有答案)

«宏观经济学»期末考试试卷 A 卷姓名:学号:成绩:一、名词解释(每题4分,共20分)1、凯恩斯流动性陷阱2、菲利普斯曲线3、货币政策4、挤出效应5、名义GDP二、单项选择题(每题1分,共20分)1、在四部门经济中,GDP是指()的总和。
A.消费、净投资、政府购买和净出口B.消费、总投资、政府购买和净出口C.消费、总投资、政府购买和总出口D.消费、净投资、政府购买和总出口2、关于投资与利率的关系,以下判断正确的是()。
A.投资是利率的增函数B.投资是利率的减函数C.投资与利率是非相关关系D.以上判断都不正确3、IS曲线与LM曲线相交时表示()。
A.产品市场处于均衡状态,而货币市场处于非均衡状态B.产品市场处于非均衡状态,而货币市场处于均衡状态C.产品市场与货币市场都处于均衡状态D.产品市场与货币市场都处于非均衡状态4、抑制需求拉上的通货膨胀,应该()。
A.降低工资B.减税C.控制货币供给量D解除托拉斯组织5、在其他条件不变的情况下,政府购买增加会使IS曲线()。
A.向左移动B.向右移动C.保持不变D.发生转动6、一国贸易盈余表示该国()。
A.消费超过产出并且净出口盈余B.消费超过产出并且净出口赤字C.消费低于产出并且净出口盈余D.消费低于产出并且净出口赤字7、在两部门经济模型中,如果边际消费倾向值为0.8,那么自发支出乘数值应该是()。
A.4B.2.5C.5D.1.68、如果中央银行采取扩张性的货币政策,可以()。
A.在公开市场买入债券,以减少商业银行的准备金,促使利率上升B.在公开市场卖出债券,以增加商业银行的准备金,促使利率下跌C.在公开市场买入债券,以增加商业银行的准备金,促使利率下跌D.在公开市场卖出债券,以减少商业银行的准备金,促使利率上升9、已知,C=3000亿元,I=800亿元,G=960亿元,X=200亿元,M=160亿元,折旧=400亿元,则()不正确。
A.净出口=40亿元B.NDP=4400亿元C. GDP=3800亿元D.GDP=4800亿元10、按百分比计算,如果名义GDP上升()价格上升的幅度,则实际GDP将()。
宏观经济学期末考试试卷(附答案)

一、[请单击此处编辑题目] (每小题分,共分)一、选择题(本题包含30小题,每题?分,共?分)1.Real GDPa. evaluates current production at current prices.b. evaluates current production at the prices that prevailed in some specific year inthe past.c. is not a valid measure of the economy's performance, since prices change from yearto year.d. is a measure of the value of goods only, hence, it excludes the value of services.2.The steps involved in calculating the consumer price index include, in order:a. choose a base year, fix the basket, compute the inflation rate, compute the basket'scost, and compute the index.b. choose a base year, find the prices, fix the basket, compute the basket's cost, andcompute the index.c. fix the basket, find the prices, compute the basket's cost, choose a base year andcompute the index.d. fix the basket, find the prices, compute the inflation rate, choose a base year andcompute the index.3.Suppose the price of a quart of milk rises from $1 to $1.25 and the price of a T-shirt rises from $8 to $10. If the CPI rises from 150 to 175 people will likely buya. more milk and more T-shirts.b. more milk and fewer T-shirts.c. less milk and more T-shirts.d. less milk and fewer T-shirts.4.Which of the following is correct?a. Countries with the highest growth rates over the last 100 years are the ones thathad the highest level of real GDP 100 years ago.b. Most countries have had little fluctuation around their average growth ratesduring the past 100 years.c. The ranking of countries by income changes substantially over time.d. Over the last 100 years, Japan had the highest real GDP growth rate, and now has the highest real GDPper person.5.Using the production function and notation in the text, K/L measuresa. natural resources per worker.b. human capital per worker.c. output per worker.d. physical capital per worker.6.Index fundsa. typically have about the same rate of return as more actively managed funds.b. typically have lower rates of return than more actively managed funds.c. contain the stocks and bonds from a single Standard Index Classification of industry.d. typically have higher rates of return than more actively managed funds.7.In a closed economy, national saving equalsa. investment.b. income minus the sum of consumption and government expenditures.c. private saving plus public saving.d. All of the above are correct.8.At which interest rate is the present value of $162.24 two years from today equal to $150 today?a. 4 percentb. 5 percentc. 6 percentd. None of the above are correct to the nearest penny.9.Which of the following is incorrect?a. Frictional unemployment is inevitable in a dynamic economy.b. Although the unemployment created by sectoral shifts is unfortunate, in the long run such changes leadto higher productivity and higher living standards.c. At least 10 percent of U.S. manufacturing jobs are destroyed every year.d. In a typical month more than 5 percent of workers leave their jobs.10.Use the balance sheet for the following question.Last Bank of Cedar BendAssets LiabilitiesReserves $25,000 Deposits $150,000Loans $125,000If the reserve requirement is 10 percent, this banka. is in a position to make a new loan of $15,000.b. has less reserves than required.c. has excess reserves of less than $15,000.d. None of the above are correct.11.Which of the following lists ranks the Fed's monetary policy tools from most to least frequently used?a. discount rate changes, reserve requirement changes, open market transactionsb. reserve requirement changes, open market transactions, discount rate changesc. open market transactions, discount rate changes, reserve requirement changesd. None of the above lists ranks the tools correctly.12.A decrease in the money supply creates an excessa. supply of money that is eliminated by rising prices.b. supply of money that is eliminated by falling prices.c. demand for money that is eliminated by rising prices.d. demand for money that is eliminated by falling prices.13.Given a nominal interest rate of 6 percent, in which case would you earn the lowest after-tax real rate of interest?a. Inflation is 4 percent; the tax rate is 25 percent.b. Inflation is 3 percent; the tax rate is 20 percent.c. Inflation is 2 percent; the tax rate is 15 percent.d. The after-tax real interest rate is the same for all of the above.14.In recent years, U.S. net capital outflow wasa. positive and net exports were negative.b. positive and net exports were positive.c. negative and net exports were negative.d. negative and net exports were positive.15.If a country has business opportunities that are relatively attractive to other countries, we would expect it to havea. both positive net exports and positive net capital outflow.b. both negative net exports and negative net capital outflow.c. positive net exports and negative net capital outflow.d. negative net exports and positive net capital outflow.16.On behalf of your firm, you make frequent trips to Hong Kong. You notice that you always have to pay more dollars to get enough local currency to get your hair styled than you have to pay to get your hair styled in the United States. This isa. inconsistent with purchasing-power parity, but might be explained by limited opportunities forarbitrage in hairstyling across international borders.b. consistent with purchasing-power parity if prices in Hong Kong are rising more rapidly than prices inthe United States.c. consistent with purchasing-power parity if prices in Hong Kong are rising less rapidly than prices in theUnited States.d. None of the above is correct.17.Ceteris paribus, if the Canadian real interest rate were to increase, Canadian net capital outflowa. and net capital outflow of other countries would rise.b. and net capital outflow of other countries would fall.c. would rise, while net capital outflow of other countries would fall.d. would fall, while net capital outflow of other countries would rise.18.If a government increases its budget deficit, then the real exchange ratea. and domestic investment rise.b. and domestic investment fall.c. rises and domestic investment falls.d. falls and domestic investment rises.19.Which of the following is the correct way to show the effects of a new import quota?a. shift the demand for loanable funds right, the supply of dollars for foreign exchange right, and thedemand for dollars leftb. shift the demand for loanable funds right, and the supply of dollars for foreign exchange leftc. shift the demand for dollars for foreign exchange leftd. None of the above is correct.20.A large and sudden movement of funds out of a country is calleda. arbitrage.b. capital flight.c. crowding out.d. capital mobility.21.Aggregate demand shifts right when the governmenta. raises personal income taxes.b. increases the money supply.c. repeals an investment tax credit.d. All of the above are correct.22.If people want to save more for retirementa. or if the government raises taxes, aggregate demand shifts right.b. or if the government raises taxes, aggregate demand shifts left.c. aggregate demand shifts right. If the government raises taxes, aggregate demandshifts left.d. aggregate demand shifts left. If the government raises taxes, aggregate demandshifts right.23.n the mid-1970s the price of oil rose dramatically. Thisa. shifted aggregate supply left.b. caused U.S. prices to fall.c. was the consequence of OPEC increasing oil production.d. All of the above are correct.24.Liquidity refers toa. the relation between the price and interest rate of an asset.b. the risk of an asset relative to its selling price.c. the ease with which an asset is converted into a medium of exchange.d. the sensitivity of investment spending to changes in the interest rate. 25.When the interest rate increases, the opportunity cost of holding moneya. increases, so the quantity of money demanded increases.b. increases, so the quantity of money demanded decreases.c. decreases, so the quantity of money demanded increases.d. decreases, so the quantity of money demanded decreases.26.Which of the following properly describes the interest rate effect?a. As the money supply increases, the interest rate falls, so spending rises.b. As the money supply increases, the interest rate rises, so spending falls.c. As the price level increases, the interest rate falls, so spending rises.d. As the price level increases, the interest rate rises, so spending falls.27.An increase in government spending initially and primarily shiftsa. aggregate demand right.b. aggregate demand left.c. aggregate supply right.d. neither aggregate demand nor aggregate supply.28.The reduction in demand that results when a fiscal expansion raises the interest rate is called thea. multiplier effect.b. crowding-out effect.c. accelerator effect.d. Riccardian equivalence effect.29.One determinant of the natural rate of unemployment is thea. rate of growth of the money supply.b. minimum wage rate.c. expected inflation rate.d. All of the above are correct.30.An increase in the expected rate of inflation shiftsa. only the short-run Phillips curve right.b. only the short-run Phillips curve left.c. both the short-run and long-run Phillips curves to the right.d. both the short-run and long-run Phillips curves to the left.二、判断题(本题包含20小题,每题?分,共?分)T 31.If nominal GDP is 10,000 and real GDP is 8,000 the GDP deflator is 125.F 32.International data on the history of real GDP growth rates shows that the rich countriesget richer and the poor countries get poorer.T 33.One of the reasons that African countries may have grown slower than other countries is that many have high barriers to trade.F 34.When the U.S. government is in debt, it follows that they have a deficit.F 35.The future value of $1 saved today is $1/(1 + r).T 36.The market for insurance is one example of reducing risk by using diversification.F 37.Someone who is without work but is not looking for work would be counted asunemployed by the BLS.T 38.Union workers earn about 10 percent to 20 percent more than similar workers who do not belong to unions.F 39.Because of the multiple tools at its disposal, the Fed is precise in its control of themoney supply.T 40.Inflation distorts savings because people pay taxes on their nominal rather than their real interest income.T 41.In an open economy, U.S. national savings can be less than U.S. investment.F 42.If the real interest rate were above the equilibrium rate, there would be a shortage ofloanable funds.T 43.Although trade policies do not affect a country's overall trade balance, they do affect specific firms and industries.T 44.When output rises, unemployment falls.F 45.The explanations for the slopes of the aggregate demand and aggregate supply curvesare the same as the explanations for the slope of demand and supply curves forspecific goods and services.T 46.A decrease in the price level makes consumers feel wealthier, so they purchase more. This logic helps explain why the aggregate demand curve slopes downward.T 47.In liquidity preference theory, an increase in the interest rate decreases the quantity of money demanded, but does not shift the money demand curve.T 48.In principle the government could increase the money supply or government expenditures to try to offset the effects of a wave of pessimism about the future of the economy.F 49.In the long run, the natural rate of unemployment depends primarily on the growth rate of the moneysupply.F 50.A policy change that reduced the natural rate of unemployment would shift both the long-runaggregate-supply curve and the long-run Phillips curve left.三、名词解释(本题包含5小题,每题?分,共?分)51.human capital:52.exports:53.trade policy:54.aggregate-demand curve:55.crowding-out effect:四、简答题(本题包含8小题,每题?分,共?分)56.Why is productivity related to the standard of living? In your answer be sure to explain what productivity and standard of living mean. Make a list of things that determine labor productivity.57.Draw and label a graph showing equilibrium in the market for loanable funds.58.Founders of the Federal Reserve were concerned that the Fed might form policy favorable to one part of the country or to a particular party. What are some ways that the organization of the Fed reflects suchconcerns?59.Suppose that monetary neutrality holds. Of the following variables, which ones do not change when the money supply increases?a. real interest ratesb. inflationc. the price leveld. real outpute. real wagesf. nominal wages60.The long-run trend in real GDP is upward. How is this possible given business cycles?What explains the upward trend?61.Discuss what economists believe is different about the long and short run.62.Suppose that consumers become pessimistic about the future health of the economy, andso cut back on their consumption spending. What will happen to aggregate demandand to output? What might the president and Congress have to do to keep outputstable?63.Why and in what way are fiscal policy lags different from monetary policy lags?参考答案1.b2.c3.d4.c5.d6.d7.d8.a9.d 10.c 11.c 12.d 13.a 14.c 15.b 16.a 17.d 18.c 19.d 20.b 21.b 22.b 23.a 24.c25.b 26.d 27.a 28.b 29.b 30.a31.T 32.F 33.T 34.F 35.F 36.T 37.F 38.T 39.F 40.T 41.T 42.F 43.T 44.T 45.F 46.T 47.T 48.T 49.F 50.F51.the knowledge and skills that workers acquire through education, training, and experience.52.goods and services that are produced domestically and sold abroad.53.a government policy that directly influences the quantity of goods and services thata country imports or exports.54.a curve that shows the quantity of goods and services that households, firms, and the government want to buy at each price level.55.the offset in aggregate demand that results when expansionary fiscal policy raises the interest rate and thereby reduces investment spending.56.The standard of living is a measure of how well people live. Income per person is animportant dimension of the standard of living and is positively correlated with other things such as nutrition and life expectancy that make people better off. Productivity measures how much people can produce in an hour. As productivity increases, people can produce more (and use less to produce the same amount) and so their standard of living increases.The factors that determine labor productivity include the amounts of physical capital (equipment and structures), human capital (knowledge and skills), and natural resources available to workers, as well as the state of technological knowledge insociety.57.Market for Loanable Funds58. 1. The president appoints the Board of Governors, but the Senate must approve them.2. The seven members of the Board of Governors serve 14-year terms, so it is unlikelythat a single president will have appointed most of them.3. The Federal Reserve has 12 regional banks.4. The presidents of the regional banks serve on the FOMC on a rotating basis. 59. a. real interest ratesd. real outputd. real wages60.There are occasional short-lived periods of negative real GDP growth. However, in most years real GDP increases. The years of increase are more frequent and the increases large enough that over long periods of time real GDP increases despite the occasional declines. The long-run upward trend in real GDP is due to increases in the labor force and capital stock, and advances in technological knowledge.61.Most economists believe that in the long run, real variables are not affected by nominal variables. So, forexample, changes in the money supply do not change real variables in the long run. However, mosteconomists believe that nominal variables to do change real variables in the short run.62.As consumers become pessimistic about the future of the economy, they cut their expenditures so thataggregate demand shifts left and output falls. The president and Congress could adjust fiscal policy to increase aggregate demand. They could either increase government spending, or cut taxes, or both.63.The fiscal policy lags are mostly a matter of waiting to implement the policy. By the time the president andCongress can agree to and pass legislation changing expenditures or taxes, the recession may have ended.The Federal Reserve can act to change the money supply quickly, but it may take some time before the effects of an increase in the money supply work their way through the economy.。
宏观经济学A期末考试试题及答案

宏观经济学A期末考试试题及答案一、单项选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. 宏观经济学主要研究的是()。
A. 个别经济单位的经济行为B. 总体经济现象C. 政府的经济行为D. 企业的生产行为答案:B2. 总需求曲线向下倾斜的主要原因是()。
A. 价格水平上升B. 价格水平下降C. 收入效应D. 替代效应答案:C3. 货币政策的实施机构是()。
A. 财政部B. 国家统计局C. 中央银行D. 证监会答案:C4. 经济衰退时,政府应该采取的财政政策是()。
A. 增加税收B. 减少支出C. 减少税收D. 增加支出5. 货币供应量增加,利率下降,这表明()。
A. 货币需求减少B. 货币需求增加C. 货币供给增加D. 货币供给减少答案:C6. 通货膨胀率上升,货币的实际购买力会()。
A. 增加B. 减少C. 不变D. 不确定答案:B7. 经济中存在失业,政府应该采取的措施是()。
A. 减少公共支出B. 增加公共支出C. 增加税收D. 减少税收答案:B8. 经济增长通常与以下哪个因素有关()。
A. 资本积累B. 人口增长C. 技术进步D. 所有以上答案:D9. 长期总供给曲线是()。
B. 向上倾斜的C. 向下倾斜的D. 向右倾斜的答案:A10. 经济周期中,经济从衰退到复苏的阶段被称为()。
A. 复苏期B. 繁荣期C. 衰退期D. 萧条期答案:A二、简答题(每题10分,共40分)1. 简述凯恩斯主义经济学的主要观点。
答案:凯恩斯主义经济学认为,在短期内,总需求的变化是影响经济波动的主要因素。
政府可以通过财政政策和货币政策来调节总需求,从而实现充分就业和稳定物价。
2. 解释什么是菲利普斯曲线,并说明其在现代宏观经济学中的意义。
答案:菲利普斯曲线描述了失业率与通货膨胀率之间的负相关关系。
在短期内,较低的失业率往往伴随着较高的通货膨胀率。
然而,在长期内,这种关系可能并不稳定,因为通货膨胀预期会改变人们的行为。
3. 描述货币政策的三大工具,并简要说明它们是如何影响经济的。
《宏观经济学》期末考试复习题附答案(参考)

一、单项选择第十二章国民收入核算1.下列关于GDP说法正确的是(③)①一年内一个国家范围内的所有交易的市场价值②一年内一个国家范围内交换的所有最终商品和劳务的市场价值③一年内一个国家范围内生产的所有最终商品和劳务的市场价值④一年内一个国家范围内交换的所有商品和劳务的市场价值2.某人收入为1000元,个人所得税200元,政府补助150元,则个人可支配收入为(②)① 1350元② 950元③ 650元④ 1050元3.下列将计入当年GDP的一项是(③)①某人花10万元购买一辆二手汽车②面包厂购买的面粉③某企业当年生产没有卖掉的20万元产品④家庭妇女在家从事家务劳动4.如果一个社会体系的消费支出为9亿元,投资支出为1.2亿元,间接税为1亿元,政府用于商品和劳务的支出为2.5亿元,出口额为 3亿元,进口额为1.8亿元,则下列正确的是(①)① GDP为13.9亿元② GDP为12.9亿元③ NDP为13.9亿元④ NDP为12.9亿元5.一国的GNP小于GDP,说明该国公民从国外取得的产值( B )外国公民从该国取得的产值。
A、大于B、小于C、等于D、可能大于也可能小于6.今年名义GDP大于去年的名义GDP,说明( D )A、今年的物价水平一定比去年高了B、今年生产的物品和劳务总量一定比去年增加了C、今年的物价水平和实物产量水平一定都比去年提高了D、以上三种说法都不一定正确。
7.在一般情况下,国民收入核算体系中,数值最小的是( C )A、国民生产净值;B、个人收入;C、个人可支配收入;D、国民收入8、一国国内在一定时期内生产的所有最终产品和劳务的市场价值根据价格变化调整后的数值被称为( B )A、国民生产净值;B、实际国内生产总值;C、名义国内生产总值;D、潜在国内生产总值9、在统计中,社会保险税增加对( D )项有影响。
A、国内生产总值(GDP);B、国内生产净值(NDP);C、国民收入(NI);D、个人收入(PI)。
宏观经济学期末考试复习题及参考答案-专升本

《宏观经济学》复习题一、单选题1、国内生产净值与国民收入的差是()A.间结税B.直接税C.公司未分配利润D.以上都不对2、国内生产总值和国内生产净值之间的差额是()A.间接税B.直接税C.折旧D.以上都不对3、下面不属于流量的是()A.净出口B.折旧C.转移支付D.国家债务4、如果消费函数为C=100+0.8(Y-T),那么政府支出乘数()A.0.8B.1.25C.5D.55、下列哪项经济政策将导致收入水平有最大变化?()A.政府增加购买50亿元物品和劳务B.政府增加购买50亿元,同时增加税收50亿C.税收减少50亿元D.政府支出增加50亿元,其中30亿元由增加的税收支付6、在三部门经济中,下列哪一项不是恒等式()A.Y=C+I+GB.C+I+G=C+S+TC.S+T=I+GD.Y=C+S7、利率和收入的组合点出现在IS曲线右上方、LM曲线左上方的区域中,则表示()A.投资小于储蓄且货币需求小于货币供给B.投资小于储蓄且货币需求大于货币供给C.投资大于储蓄且货币需求小于货币供给D. 投资大于储蓄且货币需求大于货币供给8、一般的说,位于LM曲线左方的收入和利率的组合,都是()A.货币需求大于货币供给的非均衡组合B.货币需求小于货币供给的非均衡组合C.产品需求小于产品供给的非均衡组合D.产品需求大于产品供给的非均衡组合9、根据IS-LM模型()A.自发总需求增加,使国民收入减少,利率上升B.自发总需求增加,使国民收入增加,利率上升C.货币量增加,使国民收入增加,利率上升D.货币量增加,使国民收入减少,利率下降10、政府支出增加使IS曲线()A.向左移动B.向右移动C.保持不动D.以上说法均有可能11、在凯恩斯主义总供给曲线中,总供给增加引起的变化可能是()A.国民收入增加,价格水平上升B.国民收入增加,价格水平不变C.国民收入增加,价格水平下降D.国民收入不变,价格水平下降12、总需求的变动引起国民收入与价格水平同方向变动的总供给曲线是()A.凯恩斯主义总供给曲线B.短期总供给曲线C.长期总供给曲线D.不可能发生国民收入与价格水平同方向变动的情况。
宏观经济学期末考试试卷及答案(-B-卷)

宏观经济学期末考试试卷及答案( 卷)一、名词解释题(本题型共 题。
每题 分,共 分).国内生产总值 .平衡预算乘数 .流动性偏好 .基础货币 .充分就业 .国内生产总值:一个国家或地区在一定时期内运用生产要素所生产的全部最终产品(物品和劳务)的市场价值。
.平衡预算乘数:政府的收入和支出同时且以同数量变动时国民收入的变动与政府收入支出变动的比率。
.流动性偏好:即对货币的需求,由于货币具有使用上的灵活性,人们宁可牺牲利息收入而储存不生息货币来保持财富的心理倾向。
.基础货币:商业银行的准备金总额(法定的和超额的)加上非银行部门持有的通货是存款扩张的基础,被称为基础货币。
.充分就业:在广泛的意义上指一切生产要素(包含劳动)都有机会以自己意愿的报酬参加生产的状态。
二、单项选择题(本题型共 题。
每题正确答案只有一个。
每题 分,共 分).下列哪一项将不计入...当年的 ?( ).当年整修过的古董汽车所增加的价值; .一辆新汽车的价值;.一辆二手汽车按其销售价格计算的价值; .一台磨损的高尔夫球清洁机器的替换品。
. ;.在以支出法计算国内生产总值时,不属于...投资的是( )。
.某企业增加一笔存货; .某企业建造一座厂房;.某企业购买一台计算机; .某企业购买政府债券。
. ;.用收入法计算 时,不能计入 的是( ).政府给公务员支付的工资; .居民购买自行车的支出;.农民卖粮的收入; .自有住房的租金。
. ;.当实际 为 亿美元, 缩减指数为 时,名义国民收入为:( ) . 亿美元; . 亿美元; . 亿美元; . 亿美元。
. ;.一个家庭当其收入为零时,消费支出为 元;而当其收入为 元时,其消费为 元,在图形上,消费和收入之间成一条直线,则其边际消费倾向为()。
. ; . ; . ; . 。
. ;.认为消费者不只同现期收入相关,而是以一生或可预期长期收入作为消费决策的消费理论是( )。
.相对收入理论; .绝对收入理论; .凯恩斯消费理论; .永久收入理论。
中国人民大学宏观经济学期末考试试题(含答案)

1)奥肯定律[答案]:奥肯定律的含义是失业率与实际国民生产总值之间存在一种高度负相关关系。
奥肯定律的主要内容是:失业率如果超过充分就业界限(通常以4%的失业率为标准)时,每使失业率降低1%,实际国民生产总值则增加3%。
反之,失业率每增加1%,实际国民生产总值则减少3%。
2)一个农民种植了 1 蒲式耳小麦,并以1 美元的价格卖给磨坊主。
磨坊主把小麦磨成面粉,然后以3 美元的价格卖给面包师。
面包师用面粉制造面包,并以6 美元的价格卖给一个工程师,工程师吃了面包。
每个人的增加值是多少?GDP 是多少?[答案] 每个人的增值等于成品的价值减去每个人支付的原材料的成本。
因此农民的增值S1(1刀);面粉厂的增值为S2(3-1=2刀);面包店的增值为S3(6-3=3刀)。
GPD 是总的价值增量,即1+2+3=6刀。
注意:GDP与最终产品(面包)价值相等。
3)把下列交易归入四个支出部分之一:消费、投资、政府购买以及净出口。
A、波音公司向空军出售一架飞机(政府购买)B、波音公司向美国航空公司出售一架飞机(投资)C、波音公司向法国航空公司出售一架飞机(净出口)D、波音飞机向阿密拉•埃尔哈特出售了一架飞机(消费)E、波音公司制造了一架下半年出售的飞机(投资)4)考虑有三种投入的柯布-道格拉斯生产函数。
K 是资本(机器数量)、L 是劳动(工人人数)、H 是人力资本(工人中大学毕业生人数)。
生产函数为:A、推导出劳动的边际产量。
人力资本量的增加如何影响劳动的边际产量?B、推导出人力资本的边际产量的表达式。
人力资本量的增加怎样影响人力资本的边际产量?C、支付给劳动的收入份额是多少?支付给人力资本的收入份额是多少?在这个经济的国民收入核算中。
你认为工人会得到多大的总收入份额?D、一个不熟练工人赚到劳动的边际产量,而一个熟练工人赚到劳动的边际产量加人力资本的边际产量。
用你对(A)和(B)的[答案],找出熟练工人与不熟练工人的比率。
宏观经济学期末考试试卷与答案( A 卷)

宏观经济学期末考试试卷及答案( A 卷)一、名词解释题(本题型共5题。
每题2分,共10分,将答案写在答题纸上)1.国民生产总值2. 消费函数3. 充分就业4 经济周期5. 菲利普斯曲线二、单项选择题(本题型共30题。
每题正确答案只有一个,从每题的备选答案中选出正确的答案,将其英文字母编号填入答题纸上相应的空格.....内。
每题1分,共30分)1、今年的名义国内生产总值大于去年的名义国内生产总值,说明:( )A.、今年物价水平一定比去年高了;B、今年生产的物品和劳务的总量一定比去年增加了;C、今年的物价水平和实物产量水平一定都比去年提高了;D、以上三种说法都不一定正确。
2、一国的国内生产总值小于国民生产总值,说明该国公民从外国取得的收入( )外国公民从该国取得的收入( )A.、大于;B、小于;C、等于;D、可能大于也可能小于。
3、两部门的均衡是:()A: I=S;B: I+G=S+T;C: I+G+X=S+T+M;D: AD=AS。
4、一般地说,通货膨胀会使()。
A.债权人受损,债务人受益;B.债权人受益,债务人受损;C.债权人和债务人都受益;D.债权人和债务人都受损。
5、在货币总量不变条件下,当物价上升,货币投机需求减少,利率上升,从而抑制投资需求和居民信贷消费需求,导致产出的下降,这种效应被称为()A. 净出口效应;B. 利率效应;C.实际余额效应;D.财富效应。
6、总需求曲线向下倾斜的原因之一是( ):A. 随着价格水平下降,家庭的实际财富下降,他们将增加消费;B. 随着价格水平上升,家庭的实际财富下降,他们将减少消费;C. 随着价格水平下降,家庭的实际财富上升,他们将减少消费;D. 随着价格水平上升,家庭的实际财富上升,他们将增加消费。
7、在LM曲线即定时,扩张性的财政政策使IS曲线向()。
A: 上移; B: 下移;C: 不变; D: 无联系。
8、假设银行利率为6%,在下列几项投资中,投资者应该选择():A.类投资的平均资本收益率最高的是2%;B.类投资的平均资本收益率最高的是5%;C.类投资的平均资本收益率最高的是8%;D.无法确定。
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一、单项选择第十二章国民收入核算1.下列关于GDP说法正确的是(③)①一年内一个国家范围内的所有交易的市场价值②一年内一个国家范围内交换的所有最终商品和劳务的市场价值③一年内一个国家范围内生产的所有最终商品和劳务的市场价值④一年内一个国家范围内交换的所有商品和劳务的市场价值2.某人收入为1000元,个人所得税200元,政府补助150元,则个人可支配收入为(②)① 1350元② 950元③ 650元④ 1050元3.下列将计入当年GDP的一项是(③)①某人花10万元购买一辆二手汽车②面包厂购买的面粉③某企业当年生产没有卖掉的20万元产品④家庭妇女在家从事家务劳动4.如果一个社会体系的消费支出为9亿元,投资支出为1.2亿元,间接税为1亿元,政府用于商品和劳务的支出为2.5亿元,出口额为 3亿元,进口额为1.8亿元,则下列正确的是(①)① GDP为13.9亿元② GDP为12.9亿元③ NDP为13.9亿元④ NDP为12.9亿元5.一国的GNP小于GDP,说明该国公民从国外取得的产值( B )外国公民从该国取得的产值。
A、大于B、小于C、等于D、可能大于也可能小于6.今年名义GDP大于去年的名义GDP,说明( D )A、今年的物价水平一定比去年高了B、今年生产的物品和劳务总量一定比去年增加了C、今年的物价水平和实物产量水平一定都比去年提高了D、以上三种说法都不一定正确。
7.在一般情况下,国民收入核算体系中,数值最小的是( C )A、国民生产净值;B、个人收入;C、个人可支配收入;D、国民收入8、一国国内在一定时期内生产的所有最终产品和劳务的市场价值根据价格变化调整后的数值被称为( B )A、国民生产净值;B、实际国内生产总值;C、名义国内生产总值;D、潜在国内生产总值9、在统计中,社会保险税增加对( D )项有影响。
A、国内生产总值(GDP);B、国内生产净值(NDP);C、国民收入(NI);D、个人收入(PI)。
11、下列哪一项不列入国内生产总值核算?( B )A、出口到国外的一批货物;B、政府给贫困家庭发放的一笔救济金;C、经纪人为一座旧房买卖收取的一笔佣金;D、保险公司收到一笔家庭财产保险费12、在一个有家庭、企业、政府和国外的部门构成的四部门经济中,GDP是( A )的总和。
A、消费、总投资、政府购买和净出口;B、消费、净投资、政府购买和净出口;C、消费、总投资﹑政府购买和总出口;D、工资、地租、利息、利润和折旧。
13、一年内在本国领土所生产的最终产品的市场价值总和被称为:( B )A、国民生产总值;B、国内生产总值;C、国内生产净值;D、实际国内生产总值;14、用支出法计算国内生产总值时:( D )A、将人们取得的收入加总;B、提供物质产品与劳务的各个部门的产值加总;C、各生产要素在生产中所得到的各种收入加总;D、把购买各种最终产品所支出的货币价值加总;15、在国民收入核算中,两部门经济的恒等公式:I=S,表示:( A )A、实际投资等于实际储蓄B、计划投资等于计划储蓄C、实际投资等于计划储蓄D、计划投资等于实际储蓄17、个人可支配收入[DPI]等于个人收入[PI]减去:( C )A、间接税B、公司所得税C、个人所得税D、政府转移支付18、实际GDP等于:( C )A、价格水平除以名义GDP;B、名义GDP除以价格水平;C、名义GDP乘以价格水平;D、价格水平乘以潜在GDP.第十三章简单国民收入决定理论1.张三每月的可支配收入1000元,每月消费820元;现在张三每月的收入增加了200元后,他每月消费960元。
此时张三边际消费倾向和平均消费倾向分别为( ③ )① 0.8,0.9 ② 0.7,0.9 ③ 0.7,0.8 ④ 0.8,0.82. 令M等于边际消费倾向与边际储蓄倾向之和,A等于平均消费倾向与平均储蓄倾向之和,那么(①)① M =1 ,A=1 ② M =1 ,A<1 ③ M <1 ,A=1 ④ M<1 ,A<13.在边际储蓄倾向等于20%时,边际消费倾向等于(②)① 20% ② 80% ③ 30% ④ 50%4.根据相对收入加说,消费倾向在下述哪种情况较高(④)①教育程度较低②社会地位较低③拥有较多流动资产④周围人群消费水平较高5.下述哪一项不属于总需求( A )A、税收B、政府支出C、净出口D、投资6.边际储蓄倾向若为0.25,则边际消费倾向为( B )A、0.25B、0.75C、1.0D、1.257.消费函数的斜率等于( C )A、APCB、APSC、MPCD、MPS8.消费者的消费支出不由他的现期收入决定,而是由他的永久收入决定。
这是( C )的主要观点。
A、生命周期的消费理论B、相对收入消费理论C、永久收入的消费理论D、绝对收入消费理论9.根据平均消费倾向(APC)、平均储蓄倾向(APS)、边际消费倾向(MPC)、边际储蓄倾向(MPS)之间的关系,下面哪种是正确的( C )A、如果MPC增加,那么,MPS也增加B、MPC+APS=1C、MPC+MPS=APC+APSD、MPC+MPS>APC+APS10、如果边际储蓄倾向为0.3,投资支出增加60亿元,可以预期,这将导致均衡水平GDP增加( A )A 200亿元;B 60亿元;C 180亿元;D 20亿元。
11、假定其他条件不变,厂商投资增加将引起( B )A、国民收入增加,但消费水平不变B、国民收入增加,同时消费水平提高C、国民收入增加,但消费水平下降D、国民收入增加,储蓄水平下降。
12、四部门经济与三部门经济相比,乘数效应( B )A、变大;B、变小;C、不变;D、变大、变小或不变均有可能,不能确定。
13、边际消费倾向是:( D )A、在任何收入水平的总消费与总收入之比;B、由消费的变化(增加或减少)而引起的收入变化;C、表示每一收入水平上的消费支出额;D、任何收入水平上的消费变化与收入水平变化之比;14、下列四种情况中,投资乘数最大的是:( C )A、边际消费倾向为0.4;B、边际储蓄倾向为0.1;C、边际消费倾向为0.6;D、边际储蓄倾向为0.3;15、若消费函数为c=a+by,a、b>0,那么,平均消费倾向( A )边际消费倾向A、大于B、小于;C、等于;D、大于、小于或等于.16、在两部门模型中,如果边际消费倾向值为0.8,那么投资乘数值为:( C )A、1.6;B、2.5;C、5;D、4.17、边际消费倾向与边际储蓄倾向之和等于:( D )A、大于1的正B、小于2的正数;C、零;D、1.第十四章产品市场与货币市场均衡1.下列是M2 的组成部分,但不是M1的组成部分的一项是( ④ )①现金②支票存款③活期存款④定期存款2.人们在下述哪种情况下倾向于减少手持货币( ① )①债券价格趋于下降②债券价格趋于上升③债券收益率不变④债券价格不变3.在货币需求函数L =L1 + L2=ky―hr中,L与实际收入y和利率r的关系分别是( ④ )①正相关,正相关②负相关,负相关③负相关,正相关④正相关,负相关4.下列选项中,哪种情况发生时,货币的预防性需求会增加( ② )①货币流通速度加快②对未来不确定的预期增加③对债券未来的价格更有信心④利率被认为是在合理的范围内变动5.货币的交易需求是指货币由于(②)而被持有①作为一种价值贮藏②作为一种交换媒介③作为一种计价单位④作为一种预防需求6.IS曲线能够满足以下哪种关系( ④ )①收入—支出均衡②总供给和总需求均衡③投资和储蓄相等④以上都对8.在LM曲线左上方和IS曲线右上方的区域中,( C )。
A、储蓄小于投资B、货币供给小于货币需求C、储蓄大于投资D、前三个答案都不对10. 假定货币供给量不变,货币的交易需求和预防需求的增加将导致货币的投机需求(C)。
A、增加B、不变C、减少D、不确定11、假定货币供给量和价格水平不变,货币需求为收入和利率的函数,则收入增加时( B )。
A、货币需求增加,利率下降;B、货币需求增加,利率上升;C、货币需求减少,利率上升;D、货币需求减少,利率下降。
12、利率和收入的组合点出现在 IS 曲线左下方, LM 曲线的右下方的区域中,这表示( D )。
A、投资小于储蓄且货币需求小于货币供给;B、投资小于储蓄且货币供给小于货币需求;C、投资大于储蓄且货币需求小于货币供给;D、投资大于储蓄且货币需求大于货币供给。
13、根据凯恩斯理论,利率水平主要取决于( B )A、货币需求B、货币需求与货币供给C、储蓄D、储蓄与投资14.LM曲线上的任何一点,( B )。
A、投资等于储蓄B、货币需求等于货币供给C、投资不等于储蓄D、货币需求不等于货币供给15、根据托宾的q理论,企业在下列哪一情况下会增加投资?( A )A、企业资产的市场价值超过企业资产的重置价值B、企业资产的重置价值超过企业资产的市场价值C、企业资产的市场价值超过企业金融资产的面值D、企业金融资产的面值超过企业资产的市场价值16、如果净税收增加10亿美元,会使IS曲线( B )A、右移税收乘数乘以10亿美元B、左移税收乘数乘以10亿美元C、右移投资乘数乘以10亿美元D、左移投资乘数乘以10亿美元17、根据凯恩斯的理论,以下哪一项与收入水平相关?( C )A、投机性货币需求B、流动性陷阱C、交易性货币需求D、边际消费倾向18、投资乘数在哪种情况下较大?( A )A、边际消费倾向较大B、边际消费倾向较小C、边际储蓄倾向较大D、通货膨胀率较高19、货币供给增加使LM右移,若要均衡收入变动接近于LM的移动量,则必须是( C )A、LM陡峭,IS也陡峭B、LM和IS一样平缓C、LM陡峭,IS平缓D、LM平缓,IS陡峭20、LM曲线最终会变得完全垂直,因为( C )A、投资不足以进一步增加收入B、货币需求在所有利率水平上都非常有弹性C、所有货币供给用于交易的目的,因而进一步提高收入不可能D、全部货币供给被要求用于投机的目的,没有进一步用于提高收入的货币21、在一个封闭经济中,增加税收在短期内将会( A )A、使得IS曲线左移而LM曲线保持不变;B、使得IS曲线左移同时LM曲线左移C、对IS和LM曲线没有影响D、以上说法都不对22、下列哪种情况下,“挤出”效应可能比较大?( D )A、货币需求对利率敏感,而投资需求对利率不敏感B、货币需求对利率敏感,投资需求对利率也敏感C、货币需求对利率不敏感,投资需求对利率也不敏感D、货币需求对利率不敏感,而投资需求对利率敏感23、在IS-LM模型中,如果( A ),那么政府购买的变动将会导致GDP 更大的变动A、货币需求对GDP变得更不敏感B、货币需求对利息率变得更不敏感C、通过税收变动使它们相互抵消的话D、LM曲线变得更加陡峭24、IS曲线上的每一点都表示使( A )A、投资等于储蓄的收入和利率的组合B、投资等于储蓄的均衡的货币量C、货币需求等于货币供给的均衡货币量D、产品市场和货币市场同时均衡的收入25、一般地说,位于LM曲线左方的收入利率的组合都是( C )A、货币需求大于货币供给的非均衡组合B、货币需求等于货币供给的均衡组合C、货币需求小于货币供给的非均衡组合D、产品需求等于产品供给的非均衡组合26、IS-LM模型研究的是:( B )A、在利息率与投资不变的情况下,总需求对均衡的国内生产总值的决定;B、在利息率与投资变动的情况下,总需求对均衡的国内生产总值的决定;C、总需求与总供给对国民生产总值和物价水平的影响;D、在总供给不变的情况下总需求对均衡的国内生产总值的决定;27、自发投资支出增加10亿美元,会使IS曲线:( C )A、右移10亿美元;B、左移10亿美元;C、右移支出乘数乘以10亿美元;D、左移支出乘数乘以10亿美元;28、假定货币供应量和价格水平不变,货币需求为收入和利率的函数,则收入增加时:( A )A、货币需求增加,利率上升;B、货币需求增加,利率下降;C、货币需求减少,利率上升;D、货币需求下降,利率下降;29、利率和收入的组合点出现在IS曲线右上方,LM曲线的左上方的区域中,则表示:( A )A、投资小于储蓄且货币需求小于货币供给;B、投资小于储蓄且货币供给小于货币需求;C、投资大于储蓄且货币需求小于货币供给;D、投资大于储蓄且货币需求大于货币供给;30、在LM曲线不变的情况下,自发总支出减少会引起:( D )A、国内生产总值增加,利率上升;B、国内生产总值增加,利率不变;C、国内生产总值增加,利率下降;D、国内生产总值减少,利率下降;31、在LM曲线左上方和IS曲线左下方的区域中,产品市场的储蓄( A )投资,货币市场的货币供给()货币需求,这使利率承受上升和下降的压力。