高中英语主要要掌握三大从句

高中英语主要要掌握三大从句。

分别是：

1、定语从句（形容词从句）

2、名词词从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）

3、状语从句（副词性从句，包括时间，地点，结果，目的，原因等）

一、定语从句：

定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。

1、关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主词保持一致。

（1）, who, whom, that

这些词代替指人，“whom”作宾语指人，“that”既可作主语又可作宾语（作宾语可以省略），可以指人也可以指物。

（2），Which 用来指人或物

(用作主语、宾语，作宾语时可以省略）

（3），whose

“whose”表示谁（可以为人也可以为物）的（东西）

2、关系代词引导的定语从句

（1），关系副词why主要用于修饰表示原因的名词（主要是the reason），同时它在定语从句中用作原因状语。

（2），关系副词when主要用于修饰表示时间的名词，同时它在定语从句中用作时间状语。

（3），关系副词where主要用于修饰表示地点的名词，同时它在定语从句中用作地点状语。

3、非限制性定语从句

它起补充说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解。在非限制性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开。

二、名词性从句

在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：

1、连词（5个）：that （宾语从句或表语从句中that有时可以省略）

whether,if （均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性）

as if ,as though （均表示“好像”，“似乎”）

以上在从句中均不充当任何成分

2、连接代词（9个）：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever

3、连接副词（7个）：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however

三、状语从句

状语从句（Adverbial Clause）状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。

状语从句细分的话，共包括九种：

1.时间状语从句

2.地点状语从句

3.原因状语从句

4.条件状语从句

5.目的状语从句

6.让步状语从句

7.比较状语从句

8.方式状语从句

91. Mary lives in the room, the door _____ opens east.

A. of it

B. of which

C. of that

D. whose

2. The engineer _____ my father is talking has just come from abroad.

A. with whom

B. with who

C. with which

D. that

3. He lives in a hotel, _____ is only five minutes’ walk from here.

A. that

B. which

C. in which

D. where

4. Is there anything _____ I can do for you?

. A. which B. who C. as D. that

5. The speaker will tell us about some writers and their works _____are known to us.

A. which

B. that

C. as

D. who

6. This is the reason _____ they are all against the plan.

A. which

B. that

C. why

D. what

7. It was not until late in the evening _____ the traveler found a hotel.

A. which

B. that

C. as

D. where

8. I didn’t like the way _____ she spoke to me.

A. which

B. that

C. how

D. as

9. This is _____ I can do for you right now.

A. which

B. that

C. what

D. as

10. It was at our college library _____ I borrowed the novel.

A. which

B. in which

C. that

D. where

11. I have seen trees, _____ open at sunrise and close at sunset.

A. which the leaves

B. of which leaves

C. whose leaves

D. its leaves

12. All _____ is needed is a supply of oil.

A. the thing

B. that

C. what

D. which

13. The foreign guests, _____ were scientists, were warmly welcomed at the airport.

A. most of whom

B. most of them

C. most of which

D. most of those

14. On the train I saw a student _____ I thought was your sister.

A. who

B. whom

C. which

D. that

15. Is the river _____ through the town very long?

A. flows

B. that flows

C. which flow

D. the one flows

16. Is this college _____ they went to last year?

A. that

B. which

C. the one

D. the one what

17. Is this the university _____ you visited last time?