常用论文术语中英文对照(精选多篇).doc
论文中常用术语
"A DEFINITE TREND IS EVIDENT" - These data are practically meaningless.
"WHILE IT HAS NOT BEEN POSSIBLE TO PROVIDE DEFINITE ANSWERS TO THE QUESTIONS
.
"THANKS ARE DUE TO JOE BLOTZ FOR ASSISTANCE WITH THE EXPERIMENT AND TO CINDY ADAMS FOR VALUABLE DISCUSSIONS" - Mr. Blotz did the work and Ms. Adams explaine to me what it meant.
didn't make any sense.
"TYPICAL RESULTS ARE SHOWN" - This is the prettiest graph.
"THESE RESULTS WILL BE IN A SUBSEQUENT REPORT" - I might get around to this
"A STATISTICALLY-ORIENTED PROJECTION OF THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THESE FINDINGS
" - A wild guess.
"A CAREFUL ANALYSIS OF OBTAINABLE DATA" - Three pages of notes were obliterated when I knocked over a glass of beer.
学术论文常用词汇
学术论文常用词汇学术论文的语言表达一、时态时态是个比较复杂的问题虽然有一般的规则但往往在实际文章中很难把握总体的规则已在前边讲过需要重申的是在同一段落中要避免时态跳跃详见学术论文的写作最常见的描述一般现象的时态是一般现在时有时也用一般过去时或一般将来时需要注意的语法In recent years 作时间状语时通常要用完成时In recent years, Plesch and coworkers have concluded that many so-called cationic polymerizations do not proceed through intermediates of an ionic nature.二、数词数也有其复杂化特别是在学术论文里有是很难顾及数上的逻辑但一般不将逻辑上的问题视为语法错误只须注意在一个句子中的数和谓语动词的统一即可以下是需要注意的语法不规则变化的单复数单数复数criterion criteria 依据phenomenon phenomena 现象medium media 介质radius radii 半径index indices 指数appendix appendices 附录stimulus stimuli 刺激basis bases 基础2synthesis syntheses 合成matrix matrices 基体Novel biomaterials with improved, specific biological action are being developed using polymers that are responsive to environmental stimuli.一些数有特殊性的名词data, kinetics 通常作复数名词research, work: 不可数名词The data in Table 1 are obtained from the reactions at different temperatures.The kinetics of polymerization within each droplet are the same as those for the corresponding bulk polymerization.Much research has been done to redirect the tropism of retroviruses by engineering the envelope glycoprotein.Most research on poly(ortho esters) has focused on the synthesis of polymers.一些结构的数<主谓的统一>one of 复数名词单数none of 复数名词复数none of 单数名词/不可数名词单数no 复数名词复数no 单数名词/不可数名词单数a kind of 单数名词单数this/that kind of 单数名词单数these kinds of 复数名词复数复数名词of this/that kind 复数sort 与kind 类似a type of 单数名词单数a series of 复数名词复数a class of 复数名词复数the number of 复数名词单数a number of 复数名词复数Ara-C is one of most important antitumor agents, especially used in the treatment of various leukaemias.One of possibilities for enhancing the pharmacological properties is to link it to a carrier. Biocompatibility is one of the main criteria for the selection of a particular biomaterial. 3 Controlled drug delivery technology represents one of most rapid advancing areas of science in which chemists are contributing to human health care.Several models have been proposed but none appear to be generally applicable.None of the presently used ones are applied rigorously.Thus far no studies have conclusively demonstrated long-term value of any of the cardiac gene therap approaches.This type of termination is often referred to as spontaneous termination.A number of polymer backbones that are potentially degradable are detailed in the text. The number of mechanisms which have been proposed to explain the stereopecificity of Ziegler-Natta catalysts.* The number of 复数名词: 整个做主语时谓语应为单数; 但此句的动词have 是从句的谓语而从句是形容mechanisms.在其它的从句谓语中也是同样如: One of the mechanisms w hich have been……A series of telomers reported in table 1 were then synthesized.A diverse range of mechanisms have been developed.Polymers are a promising class of biomaterials that can be engineered to meet specific end-use requirements.The most important class of poly(amides) for controlled release are the poly(amino acids). The majority of poly(anhydrides) are prepared by melt-condensation polymerization.A wide variety of natural and synthetic polymers have been used to fabricate tissue-engineering matrices.后面通常要用复数名词对可数名词而言various differentmost all many severalone of many ofkinds ofa number of the number ofa (wide) variety of a class ofa series of a wide range ofDozens of different types of receptors are present on the average mammalian cell.4In a number of special applications (e.g. contact lenses and skin-grafting materials), additional requirements such as transparency should be considered when selecting a polymer.Many of these transmembrane proteins are receptors.Some polymers are highly crystalline primarily because their structure is conductive to packing, while others are crystalline primarily because of the secondary forces. For still other polymers, both factors may be favorable for crystallization.形容可数名词的量词a few many a number of形容不可数名词的量词a great/small/certain amount of a great/good deal of形容可数和不可数名词均可的量词a lot of lots ofAlthough a few polymers may be completely amorphous and a few completely crystalline, most polymers are partially or semi-crystalline in character.The use of IPNs has received a great deal of attention in recent years and different kinds of IPN have been synthesized with different compositions.The major amount of work on size distributions has been on polyesters and polyimides.A sizeable amount work has been published on the copolymerizations of various cyclic monomers. 以下结构的谓语的数由前一个决定, as well as……由较靠近谓语动词的决定not only……but also……either……or……neither……nor……三、冠词冠词是最易犯错误的地方一定要注意否则编辑的负担极重因为每句话都会用到冠词最普通的规则如下单数名词前一般要加冠您身边的论文好秘书：您的原始资料与构思,我按您的意思整理成优秀论文论著,并安排出版发表，企鹅1550116010 、766085044自信我会是您人生路上不可或缺的论文好秘书词 a , the 等但有些情况可不加复数名词前一般可不加冠词也可加the, these, those.5The molecular weight of a polymer is of prime importance in its synthesis and application.The rate constant can be expressed by an Arrhenius type relationshipK = A e -E/RTWhere A is the collision frequency factor, E the Arrhenius activation energy, and T the Kelvin temperature. A plot of lnK versus 1/T allows the determination of both E and A from the slopeand intercept, respectively.When a water-insoluble or only slightly water-soluble monomer is added, a very small fraction dissolves and goes into solution. A large but still small portion of the monomer enters the interior hydrocarbon part of the micelles. The largest portion of the monomer is dispersed as monomer droplets.被修饰的名词前要加the:There has been a rapidly increasing effort in the last ten to fifteen years toward the synthesis of new polymers with markedly higher temperature resistance than those previously available.The catalysts usually must be prepared at the low temperatures since most of them become heterogeneous when prepared at or warmed up to the temperatures above about -40 . 四从句分词不定式这些是写作时常用且必须用到的结构一定要掌握在学术论文中从句分词不定式通常用来作修饰Applications in the relatively new field of tissue engineering, where polymers are used to assist regeneration of three-dimensional tissue structures, are more and more integrated with biological demands.There are three general synthetic approaches that have been used to produce polymers with increased thermal stability.If certain symmetry requirements are met, the molecules are able to pack into an ordered, lattice arrangement and crystallization occurs. The temperature at which this occurs is Tm. There are at least two mechanisms through which the infectivity of a vector can be blocked.Biodegradable polymers containing ˋhydrolysable ˊgroups in their chains, which are susceptible to biodegradation to low molecular weight, nontoxic products, have also been considered for controlled drug delivery systems.Polymers possessing high strength, solvent and chemical resistance, and serviceability at high temperatures would find a variety of uses.6The challenge facing cell and molecular biologists is to decipher how cellular events occur.A general problem encountered in many of the polymerization systems has been a difficulty in obtaining polymers of sufficiently high enough molecular weight to have reasonable strength properties.Another approach to obtain rigid polymer chains is by the synthesis of spiro polymers. 五标点英文中一句话结束要用句号注意避免过长的句子这点与汉语中常用逗号的习惯不同请注意以下结构的标点…… such as A and B ………… such as A, B and C ………… , such as A, ………… , for example, ………… , for example ………… ,e.g., ………… ,i.e., …………, respectively.四、掌握一些学术论文常用的短语结构可大大降低写作的难度In order to meet all of these criteria, the vector must deliver the gene accurately. To overcome this problem, it would be advantageous to pseudotype lentiviral vectors withtargeted MLV envelopes.Besides identifying suitable proteases for targeting, the success of thisprotease-targetingstrategy relies on the accessibility of the linker to protease cleavage.We have focused our investigations on the in vitro and in vivo biological response of a mousecell line.On the contrary, the homotelomer derivative 11 exhibits no substantial loss of cytotoxicity compared to free Ara-C.After more than three decades of development, in which numerous polymers have been used to replace body parts, clinical success is still relatively rare.7In some cases, polymeric materials for drug delivery must satisfy additional requirements, such as environmental responsiveness (e.g. pH- or temperature dependent phase or volume transformations.)Owing to the nature of these interactions, surface modification strategies have been used to。
常用论文术语中英文对照(精选多篇)
常用论文术语中英文对照(精选多篇)麦档网 invoice is not acceptable 不接受联合发票转the stipulations of “uniform customs and practice for documentary credits”“跟单信用证统一惯例”15.except as otherwise stated herein---除本证另有规定外16.except so far as otherwise expressly stated---除非另有明确表示17.this credit is subject to?---本证根据??解释18.uniform customs and practice for documentary credits---跟单信用证统一惯例19.international chamber of commerce brochure no.400---国际商会第400号手册20.1983 revision---1983年修订本21.except as otherwise expressly stated herein, this credit is subject to uniform customs and practice for documentary credits 1993 revision, international chamber of commerce,publication no.500---除另有规定外，本证根据国际商会第500号出版物《跟单信用证统一惯例》1993年修订解释22.支付条件（terms of payment) （1）our usual way of payment is by confirmed and irrevocable letter of credit available by draft at sight for the full amount of the contracted goods to be established in our favour through a bank acceptable to the sellers. 我们的一般付款方式是保兑的、不可撤销的、以我公司为受益人的、足额信用证，见票即付。
写英语论文时需要用到的词汇
写英语论文时需要用到的词汇➢首先是常用的转呈语启A proverb says...... At present.......As the proverb says.... Currently.....Generally speaking, .... Now,....In general, ..... On the Whole....It is clear that.... Recently.....It is often said that.... Without doubt, .......承First(of all), ...... Moreover, .........Firstly, ............ No one can deny that....In the first place, ......... Obviously.....To begin with, ......... Of course, .........Also, ....... Similarly,.........At the same time...... Therefore, we should realize that..... Certainly...... There is no doubt that.......In addition,..... What`s more, ..........In fact........ It can be easily proved that... Meanwhile......转But... Still, ......But the problem is not so simple...There is a certain amount of truth in this, but we still have a problem with regard to....... However, ....... To our surprise,..........Nevertheless, ........ Unfortunately.......On the other hand, .......Yet difference will be found and that is why I feel that........Others may find this to be true, but I do not. I think.....合Above all, In brief, ........Accordingly, ..... In conclusion, ........All in all, .......In other words, it is hard to escape the conclusion that........As a consequence, ......... In short, .........As I have shown/said/stated/.... In sum, ........In summary, ....... As has been noted, ....Obviously, ......... By so doing, .....On the whole, ..... Consequently, ........Presumably, ....... Eventually, .........To conclude, ...... Finally, ........To sum up, ..... In a word, ......To summarize, ........➢再来是写literature review或是discussion的时候常常用到的表达词表示揭示公开to showto expressto sayto stateto indicaterepresentevincein token of (adj. 表示, 作为...的标志)professsignify(象征预示)denote (指示表示)characterizein sign offormulatemarkedmake knownexposit展示open upto revealpresentexhibitshowreveallayoutdisplayset out发现识别finddiscoverrecognisebecome aware ofbecome significantdig outbring to lightidentify承认recognizeto acknowledgeto admitno doubtmake no question ofconcedeconfess to doing sthbe convinced that结论conclusionverdictoutcomeresultbring outultimatenesssumming upoutcomeconsecutionconsectaryfinding我也来贡献一些我总结的吧，主要是每段之间的关联词1. This chapter is to provide t he reader with knowledge of other people’s work and findings, enable to identify research issues.2. Which means that it describes …..3. …defines differentiation as ….4. in addition,…5. However,…6. …concludes with…7. Thus, it is ….8. furthermo re,…..9. additionally, …..10. ….in his article….proposes that11. Moreover,….12. ….gives the explanation of ……13. more specifically,…..14. there is some evidence to show that….15. in practice,…..16. Generally,….17. in the field of …..18. in the light of the current globalisation and the growing competition …..19. this chapter has presented a lot of articles written and previous researchers undertaken relating …..20. the main points are outlined as following…21. in the words of …..22. this chapter briefly describes the ….23. it continues with a review of the literature relating to empowerment in …in order to explore and understand the ….24. indeed … highlight ….as…25. to sum up,26. the main topics included in the review of t he literature are the …27. in dealing with …..28. on the positive side…29. arising from these two approaches..30. ....has s completely different views of ......31. also believes that....32. contend that.....33. what all these ...have in common is....34. this implies that...........。
中英文对照术语表精选全文
加速试验
acceptance criteria
认可标准
accuracy
准确性
acelerated/stress stability Studies
加速/强力破坏稳定性研究
acetylation
乙酰化作用
achiral assay
非手性测定
achlorhydric elderly
老年性胃酸缺乏症
action limits
内控限值
active components/comcound/moiety
活性成分
active ingredient
活性组分
adaption to specific culture conditions
特定培养条件的适应
additives
添加剂
adjuvant
佐剂
adventitious agents
精选全文完整版（可编辑修改）
中英文对照术语表(ICH 质量)
英文
中文
abbreviated or abridged aplication
简略申请
abnormal karyology
异常核形
absorbed moisture
吸附水
acceptable daily intake
可接受的日摄入量
acceptable test
2 / 21
产氨率 被测物 分析方法 动物细胞系 动物组织或器官 触角形状 抗生素耐药基因 抗生素 抗体 抗体产生试验 抗血清 申报者 腹水 含量测定 定量方法 鸟类 亲和性 背景 细菌 批次 逐批 试验间变异 双数分裂 结合试验 生长量／生物负荷 生化方法 生物等效性 生物有害信息 生物活性 生物制品 生物反应器 生物技术／生物制品 生物技术产品 双相曲线 血浆因子 体液 牛 疯牛病 括号法 饲养条件 副产物
文献中的英文词汇
Take precautions 未雨绸缪，采取预防措施Utilities 公用事业，实用工具Proactive 前摄的，有前瞻性的，先行一步的Discharge into 排放Stringent 严厉的，迫切的Prudent 谨慎的，精明的，节俭的Materially 实质地，物质上，极大地Casualty insurance 灾害保险Integral 积分的，完整的，整体的；积分，部分，完整；Paramount 最重要的，至高无上的，主要的；最高统治者Mitigation 减轻Counterintuitive 违反直觉的Strange bedfellows 同床异梦Hindrance 障碍，妨碍（n）Bolster （vt）支持，支撑Unabated 不减弱的Overarching 首要的，支配一切的，包罗万象的；（v）成拱形Fiduciary adj 信托的，受信托的，基于信用的；n受托人，被信任者R&D research and development 研究与发展Scenario 情节，脚本Pedagogy 教育，教育学，教育法Pertinent to 与……有关Cap-and-trade 限额交易Inventory 存货，存货清单Scarce resources 稀有资源Offsetting n 位移；位移只线路；斜率，不均匀性；v 抵消；弥补trade certificate 贸易证书carton neutral 碳中和，碳平衡pumped storage 抽水蓄能coherent adj 连贯的，一致的；明了的；清晰的；凝聚性的；黏在一起的holistic 整体的，全盘的prototype 原型，标准，规范laypeople 外行prevalence 流行，广泛，普遍documentary 纪录片leverage n.手段，影响力；杠杆作用；杠杆效率GDP per capita 人均国内GDPHazardous waste 危险废物，有害垃圾Global compact 全球契约UNFCCC 联合国气候变化框架公约Conference of the Parties COP 缔约方会议Kyoto Protocol 《京都议定书》Copenhagen Accord 《哥本哈根会议》IPCC Intergovernment Panel on Climate Change 政府间气候变化委员会REDD Reduce emissions from forest destruction and degradation 防止森林破坏和退化减排机制Technology Transfer 技术转移Environmental Awareness 环境意识Unidirectional 单向的；单向性的Perturbation 摄动；不安；扰乱Business as usual BAU 普通商业Ground rules 基本法则Transparent 透明的，显然的；坦率的；易懂的at first blush 乍一看rationalize 使……合理化；使……有理化；为……找借口；实行合理化；作辩解；合理地思考benchmark 基准；标准检查程序；vt 用基准问题测试indefinite 不确定的；无线的；模糊的trajectory [物]轨道，轨线；弹道vaguely 含糊地；暧昧地；茫然地vantage point n 有利位置；优势intervention 干预，干涉social desirability 社会期许ethical 伦理的；道德的；凭处方出售的；处方药consumption bundle 消费束endogenous variable 内生变量per capita 人均；每人；按人口计算fiscal 会计的，财政的；国库的be identical to 与相同incremental cost 增量成本calibrate 校正unmitigated 全然的；严厉的；未缓和的recap vt 翻新胎面；扼要重述n翻新的轮胎incidence 发生率confidence interval 置信区间complacency n自满；满足；自鸣得意alarmist 危言耸听的；忧虑的；杞人忧天者；大惊小怪者in retrospect 回顾be fraught with 充满，带有，预示着exponent 指数；典型；说明者，说明物adj 说明的convexity 凸面，凸状；中凸dimension 规模，大小plausible 貌似可信的，花言巧语的；貌似真是的，貌似有理的hitherto adv 迄今；至今corroborate vt证实；使坚固trivial 不重要的，琐碎的；琐细的absolve vt 免除；赦免；宣告无罪consensus 一致；舆论；合意endorse v 支持；赞同；批注endorsed 批注的；授让的commensurate with 与相应；与相当risk aversion 风险规避prescriptive 规定的，规范的；制定的Gini coefficient 基尼系数Refute vt 反驳，驳斥；驳倒Deep pocket 资产；财富，财源Defective products 不良品On ground of 以……为借口（理由）Novel 新奇的；异常的小说Intensive adj加强的；集中的；透彻的；加强语气的n加强器Tilt the balance 起决定作用，扭转局势，改变局面，举足轻重Conform to 符合，遵照Cook’s tour 草率的检查；走马式观光Pervasive 普遍的；到处渗透的Muster vt召集；对……进行点名；使振作n 集合；检阅；点名册；集合人员Incremental 增加的，增值的Stewardship n 管理工作；管事人的职位及职责Inherit from 从……继承；遗传自……Diminishing marginal utility 边际效用递减率to the extent that 达到的程度以致；就来说；在这个意义上；在这样的范围内；在方面来说policy holder 投保人；保险客户at cross purposes 互相误解，意见相左；南辕北辙in light of 根据，鉴于in sense that 就意义而言opt out of 决定不参加，决定从……退出pursuant to 依据，按照to the effect that 大意是，意思是，内容是；以便，目的在于，为了refer to 引用。
学术论文常用词汇
production, productive power, productivity data n.【计】资料, 数据 解析：datum 的复数 definition n.定义, 解说 解析：【衍】define 定义 definite 确定的 indefinite 无限的，不定的 derived vt.得自 vi.起源 解析：derive itself from 由...而来, 源出 derive knowledge from books 从书中获得知识
第二天： create vt.创造, 创作, 引起, 造成 解析：【同】compose, invent, design, produce, manufacture, make 都含“创造”的意思。 create 指“有目的地把原材料制成新产品”; 也指“ 创造出原来不存在或与众不同的事物”, Creator 指创造者， 上帝，如:
第三天: export vt.输出,出口 n.出口商品 解析：【反】import 进口
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【助记法】ex 向外，port 指港口 factors n.因素,要素,因数 解析：【同】element, ingredient, 【辨析】factor 具有数学及解析意味,是一个整体的成分； element 强调这一部分是基础性的,不可或缺的，如元素； ingredient 只是表明构成一种混合物的的成分。 financial a.财政的 金融的 解析：【同】fiscal, monetary financial 常表示大额交易。与 fiscal 的区别是：战略及战术的区别，宏观及微观的区别。
常用论文术语中英文对照(精选多篇)
常用论文术语中英文对照(精选多篇) 第一篇：常用论文术语中英文对照范文a.安居工程 housing project for loarket二流选手 scrub, second-raterf.发展不平衡 disparate development法治国家 a country under the rule of laption合议庭 collegiate bench黑店 gangster inn宏观调控 macro-control efforts红包（中）red paper containing money as a gift, (贬) bribe, kickback环太平洋地区 pacific rim后防空虚 leave the defense exposed胡子工程 long-draprove efficiency讲诚信，反欺诈： honor credibility and oppose cheating脚踩两只船 sit on the fence脚踏实地 be doeter囊括 complete a s for mobile communications拳头产品 competitive products; knock-out products; blockbuster r.绕圈子 beat around the bush人才流失brain drain人浮于事 overstaffing人工智能 artificial intelligence(ai)人机交互 human-computer interaction人类免疫缺陷病毒human immunodeficiency virus(hiv)人情债 debt of gratitude任意球 free kick融资渠道 financing channels入水时水花很少 clean entry软新闻 soft neacy套利 arbitrage提高农产品收购价格 the government"s increase in its procurement prices (for farm products)铁饭碗 iron rice boaining dominant and diverse sectors of the economy developing side by side以经济建设为中心 focusing on the central task of economic construction以谋略制胜 outmaneuver以权谋私 abuse of poil，那是以ic引脚为参考的，目前的格子的距离则越来愈堋? ground plane ——接地层，是多层板的一种板面，通常多层板的一层线路层要搭配一层大铜面的接地层，以当成众多零件的公共接地回归地，遮蔽，以及散热。
论文的中英文译文
1, Electromechanical integration and the development of technology trends 一、机电一体化技术发展历程及其趋势Since an electronic technology birth of electronic technology and mechanical technology integration began, only a semiconductor integrated circuit, particularly in a microprocessor representative of thelarge-scale integrated circuits for the future, "mechatronics," a technical after significant progress, and has attracted widespread attention.自电子技术一问世,电子技术与机械技术的结合就开始了,只是出现了半导体集成电路,尤其是出现了以微处理器为代表的大规模集成电路以后,"机电一体化"技术之后有了明显进展,引起了人们的广泛注意.(1) mechanical-electrical integration, "the course of development(一)机电一体化"的发展历程1. CNC machine tools come out, wrote "mechatronics," the first page of history;1.数控机床的问世,写下了"机电一体化"历史的第一页;2. Microelectronic technology, "mechatronics''bring a great vitality;2.微电子技术为"机电一体化''带来勃勃生机;3. PLC, "Power Electronics" for the development of "mechatronics" providea firm foundation;3.可编程序控制器、"电力电子"等的发展为"机电一体化"提供了坚强基础;4. Laser technology, fuzzy technology, information technology and other new technologies to "mechanical and electrical integration," a new and higher level.4.激光技术、模糊技术、信息技术等新技术使"机电一体化"跃上新台阶.(2) mechanical-electrical integration, "the development trend(二)机电一体化"发展趋势1. Integration of optical and electrical machinery. General mechanical and electrical integration system by sensing systems, energy systems, information processing systems, machinery, and other components of the structure. Therefore, the introduction of optical technology, the realization of the inherent advantages of optical technology is effective Improved mechanical-electrical integration system sensing system, energy (power) systems and information processing system. optical and electrical machinery integration is the development of mechanical and electrical products trend.1.光机电一体化.一般的机电一体化系统是由传感系统、能源系统、信息处理系统、机械结构等部件组成的.因此,引进光学技术,实现光学技术的先天优点是能有效地改进机电一体化系统的传感系统、能源(动力)系统和信息处理系统.光机电一体化是机电产品发展的重要趋势.2. Systematic self-distribution - Flexible Future electromechanical integration products, and implementation of control systems are adequate "redundancy" and more "flexible" and can better deal with an emergency, is designed "self-distribution system." Self-discipline in thedistribution system, the various subsystems are independent of each other's work, the subsystem for system services, and has its own "self-discipline", according to different environmental conditions react differently. Its characteristics are subsystem can generate its own information and additional information given in the overall premise, specific "action" can be changed. In this way, significantly increase the system's ability to adapt (flexible), not because of the failure of a subsystem of the whole system.2.自律分配系统化——柔性化.未来的机电一体化产品,控制和执行系统有足够的“冗余度”，有较强的“柔性”，能较好地应付突发事件，被设计成“自律分配系统”。
论文常用词汇
1. 表明, 表示, 说明, 证明表明: show, indicate, denote, signifyCalculations indicate that...Preliminary results indicate that...Recent study has indicated that...The available data indicate thatExperience has shown that...Present results show that...Previouse work has shown that...This investigation shows that...表示: show, indicate, express, demonstrate, illustrate, representFig. 2 demonstrates/shows/indicates/illustrates that...In the diagram, plump lines represent the observed results.说明: show, explain, illustrate, interpretexplain how a machine worksto be illustrated by examplesThe result shows clearly that this procedure is correct.To interpret electrical phenomena we must examine the structure of matter. 证明: show, proveas analyses show that... 分析证明as fact showed that...It goes to prove that...It has been proved that... 一切证明There has been evidence that... 已经证明Countless facts have proved this point 无数事实证明了这一点证实: confirm, verify, supportremain to be confirmed 有待证实verify a scientific hypothesisIt supports the fact thatEquation(1-7) can be easily verified by differentiating equation (1-6)2. 获得, 得到, 得出结论获得: "获得" 的宾语多是抽象的事物win liberationwin the first prizewin acclaim/earn favourable comment 获得好评achieve great successacquire knowledgeIn order to obtain a higher temperature it is necessary to raise the pressure. 得到: "得到" 的宾语多是具体的东西get, obtain, gainget timely medical treatmentBy studying the sketch, we can get an idea of the operation of a simple laser. 研究一下简图, 我们就能对简单激光器的操作得到一个概念。
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常用论文术语中英文对照(精选多篇)“三个代表” “three represents” theory (the party should alent needs of china’s advanced social productive forces, alental interests of the largest member of the chinese people.)三个有利于“three favorables” (otes the groerit student“三讲”教育（讲学习、讲政治、讲正气）“three emphases” education (to stress theoretical study, political aail, and air and shipping services across the taiic development)三下乡 a program under edical service to farmers三字经 three-character scripture“扫黄”、”打非” elimi nate pornography and illegal publications《山海经》the classic of mountains and rivers商检局 commodity inspection bureau商品条码 bar code上市 to be listed少数服从多数、下级服从上级、局部服从全体、全党服从中央the minority is subordinate to the majority, the loembership of the party to the central committee社会热点问题 hot spots of society社会治安情况 public security situation审时度势 size up the situation渗透、颠覆和分裂活动infiltrative, subversive and splittist activities《生死抉择》“live or die”生态农业 environmental-friendly agriculture失学儿童 dropout实践是检验真理的唯一标准 practice is the sole criterion for testing truth.实体经济 the real economy实现中华民伟大复兴 bring about a great rejuvenation of the chinese nation实行国民待遇 grant the national treatment to实行计划生育、控制人口数量、提高人口素质 promotion of family planning to control the population size and improve the health of the people实现小康目标 to achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relative comfortable life市场疲软 sluggish market市场准入 market access适度从紧的财政政策 moderately tight financial policy 适销对路的产品readily marketable products手机入网费 mobile access fee受灾地区 disaster-affected are售后服务 after-sale services树立企业良好形象 foster a good and healthy company image涮羊肉 instant-boiled mutton双刃剑 double-edged suggled goods水墨画chinese brush draocratic dictatorship, the leadership of the communist party of china, and marxism-leninism and mao zedong thought素质教育 education for all-around developmentt.弹性外交 elastic diplomacy套利 arbitrage提高农产品收购价格the government’s increase in its procurement prices (for farm products)铁饭碗 iron rice boarket统一税 flat tax, consolidated tax同乡会 an association of felloen筒子楼：tube-shaped apartment偷税漏税 tax evasion偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税 tax evasion, tax fraud, andrefusal to pay taxes投手 pitcher透过现象看本质 see through the appearance to perceive the essence团身 bunch up the body推广科研成果turning laboratory achievements into commercial/mass production; commercialization of laboratory achievements退耕还林还草 grain for green脱贫 cast off poverty脱手 release gripaintaining stability is of top priority维护人权和不断改善人权状况 safeguard human rights and steadily improve the human rights situation伪劣产品 fake and shoddy products卫冕世界冠军 reigning pion屋顶花园 roof garden无氟冰箱freon-free refrigerator无人售票 self-service ticketing无线应用协议 anagement, property managementx.西部大开发 ent吸收游资 absorb idle fund希望工程 project hope喜忧参半 mingled hope and fear洗钱 money laundering下放权力给 delegating the management of ... (to ...) 下岗 laid-off mercial sea下网 off line险胜cliff-hanging odern enterprise system; modern corporate system向钱看 mammonism, put money above all项目立项：approve and initiate a project消费信贷 consumer credit services削减战略核武器会谈strategic arms reduction talks (start)小康 a comfortable level of living; a better-off life; moderate prosperity新秀 up-and-coming star, rising star信息港 inforport信息化 informationize信用紧缩 credit crunch形象小姐/先生 image representative of a product or a brand虚拟网 virtual net选举权和被选举权 the right to vote and the right to be elected徇私枉法 bend the lapaign to crack doinal activities 阳春（最经济方式） no-frills羊肉串小摊 barbecue stall养老金 pension摇钱树 cash coust alaterial progress and at the same time for cultural and ethical progress; y and at the same time strengthen democracy and the legal system; ote reform and opening to the outside e time fight crime and punish corruption.以公有制为主体，多种经济成分共同发展 the pattern aining dominant and diverse sectors of the economy developing side by side以经济建设为中心focusing on the central task of economic construction以谋略制胜 outmaneuver以权谋私 abuse of poost以质量求生存、求发展、求效益 strive for survival, development and efficiency on the basis of equality 义和团运动 boxer uprising义务兵役制 compulsory military service, conscription 义务教育 compulsory education义演收入 proceeds from benefit performmance易拉罐 pop can因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude 隐性就业 unregistered employment硬道理 absolute principle, top priority营业税 turnover tax; business tax应试教育 examination-oriented education system优化结构 optimize structure有法可依，有法必依，执法必严，违法必究 there must be laust be observed and strictly enforced, and laust be prosecuted.有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律 edal hopeful有勇无谋use braarket; become integrated into the global market舆论导向 direction of public opinion舆论监督 supervision by public opinion冤假错案 cases in ical, (as if by) predestination, be preordained to come together远景计划 long-term development targets运球 dribblez.“宰人” rip off在职博士生 on-job doctorate再贷款 re-lending; subloan再就业服务中心 re-employment service center藏学 tibetology糟粕 dross早恋 puppy love造假帐 falsified accounts斋月 ramadan债转股 debt-to-equity s one’s association站票 standing-room-only ticket涨落线 advance balance line朝阳产业 sunrise industry招标投标制 the system of public bidding for project 正式照会 formal note政府搭台，部门推动，企业唱戏 governments set up the stage, various departments cooperate and enterprise put in the shoent online project政企不分 ent and enterprises; the functions of the government and enterprises mixed up政企分开 separate government functions from enterprisemanagement政务公开 make government affairs public知识产权 intellectual property rights知识经济 knoy , knoy致命要害achilles’ heel掷钱猜先 toss《中华人民共和国消费者权益保护法》laers’ rights and interests中流砥柱 mainstay, chief corner stone中美战略核武器互不瞄准对方 non-targeting strategic nuclear mittee for large enterprises中央商务区 central business district (cbd)重点发展 prioritize主体经济 the mainstay of the economy主持人 anchorperson住房分配货币化进程 capitalization process of housing distribution/allocation助跑 approach run, run-up抓大放小to invigorate large enterprises all ones; focus on the restructuring of major enterprises and leave minor ones to fend for themselves抓住机遇 seize the opportunity转化机制 (of state-oanagement mechanisms转基因食品 gm food (genetically modified food)追平produce the equalizer转体 truck rotation, turn, tent资产保值增值 maintain and increase the value of assets; maintenance and appreciation of assets value资产阶级自由化 bourgeois liberalization资源配置 the distribution (allocation) of resources 《资治通鉴》 history as a mirror自律机制 the self-discipline system自我保护意识self-protection aprehensive national strength综合业务数字网integrated service digital netprehensive treatment遵纪守法、廉洁奉公 observe the relevant code of conduct and the la one’s official duties第二篇：常用术语中英文对照十、常用术语中英文对照人生规划life planning自我介绍self-introduction 目标target孔子confucius《论语》the analects of confucius 修身养性cultivate one’s moral character 儒家思想confucianism诗歌poem赏析appreciation阅读理解reading comprehension 意境artistic conception意象imagery情感emotion朗诵recite策划consultant情景模拟scenario simulation 记忆memory贝多芬beethoven命运交响曲symphony of destiny 古典音乐classical music 莫扎特mozart费加罗的婚礼the marriage of figaro 萧伯纳george bernard shaa理想主义idealism人道精神humanity反抗性resistance辩论debate演讲speech主题theme财富 in red mansions 叶芝yeats当你老了无为而治taoist actionless governance 消极避世indifference散文prose小说novel文学性literary语言language修辞rhetoric敬畏生命reverence for life 抉择choice普通话mandarin个人简历resume招聘求职recruitment 求职信cover letter自荐书issions 岗位post市场营销marketing物流logistics食品检测food testing 高分子macromolecule就业形势employment situation 毕业论文thesis摘要abstract关键词keyaster”“production master”,有精确比例的菲林。