外研版2019-2020学年七年级英语下册Module 4 Life in the future模块检测卷(含答案)
Module4模块检测题一、听句子选图片（共5小题；共5分）1. What will every family have in the future?A. B. C.2. A. B. C.3. What won't teachers use in ten years?A. B.C.4. What will people take to the moon in the future?A. B. C.5. What does the speaker think will be fewer in the future?A. B. C.二、听句子选最佳选项（共5小题；共5分）6. A.They'll study on weekdays. B.They'll study at home.C.They'll study by Internet.7. A.Yes, they will. B.No, there won't.C.Great.8. A.For 100 year. B.In 100 years. C.Twice a year.9. A.Yes, there are. B.Yes, I think so.C.No, there aren't.10. A.A busy life. B.I'll work in a bank.C.In the countryside.三、听对话选最佳选项（共2小题；共5分）11. Where will people live in the future?A.Under the sea.B.On the moon.C.On Mars.12. How will students learn in the future?A.They will learn on the computer.B.They will learn in groups at school.C.They will learn from robot teachers.13. What will the environment be like in the future?A.There will be no rubbish.B.There will be less rubbish.C.There will be more rubbish.14. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?A.The graduation party.B.Their future studies.C.The college exam.15. What's the girl's dream?A.To study in Hong Kong.B.To run a company.C.To be a doctor.四、听独白选最佳选项（共1小题；共5分）16. When is the future city?A.In 2056.B.In 2064.C.In 2046.17. How many floors does the tallest building have in the future city?A.60.B.More than 60.C.Less than 60.18. How do people travel from one place to another?A.By flying cars.B.By bikes.C.By planes.19. Who makes everything cheaply?A.Robots.puters.C.People.20. Who needs to pay for the things in the shopping centre?A.People.B.Nobody.C.Robots.五、听独白完成句子（共1小题；共5分）The robot will serve you _____21_____ hours a day.We can learn from _____22_____ at home.We will take _____23_____ for meals.The spacecraft in the future will fly _____24_____ in the sky.All spacecrafts will be safe because of driving by _____25_____.21. ______22. ______23. ______24. ______25. ______六、单项选择（共10小题；共10分）26. Maybe in the near future, students _____ at home through the Internet.A.studyB.has studiedC.is studyingD.will study27. —How old is your son, Alex?—He is 3 years old. Now he is able to run everywhere.A.mustB.shouldC.can28. —Will you visit Beijing next year?—_____. I will go to New York.A.Yes, I doB.No, I don'tC.No, I won't29. With the development of science and technology, robot cooks _____ in our families in the future.A.will appearB.is appearingC.appeared30. —_____ you free tomorrow?—No. I _____ free the day after tomorrow.A.Are, willB.Are, be willC.Are, will be31. Mr. Zhao is going to the airport _____ taxi.A.inB.onC.by32. My sister doesn't need any help. She _____ finish the work next week.A.can able toB.will be ableC.be able toD.will be able to33. It is still unknown how AI (人工智能) _____ the way of our life as well as the world.A.changeB.changedC.will changeD.was changing34. Lin Lin often practices English _____ chatting with her American friends.A.inB.byC.for35. The costs of living have kept rising, so more and more people are taking part-time jobs.A.going forwardB.raisingC.going up七、完形填空（共1小题；共10分）Tom and Fred are talking about the year 2050,"What will our world _____36_____ in the year 2050?"asks Tom."I don't know,"says Fred."What do you think?""In the year 2050 _____37_____ will carry a pocket computer.The computer will give people the answers_____38_____ all their problems.We shall have telephones in our pockets,too.And we'll _____39_____ talk to our friends all _____40_____ the world.Perhaps we'll be able to see them _____41_____ the same time.""A lot of people will live and work under the sea.Perhaps there _____42_____ big towns and factories under the sea,too.""Machines will do _____43_____ the work,and people will work only two _____44_____ three days a week.They'll be able to fly to the moon in a _____45_____ and spend their holidays there.""I hope I'll be able to live under the sea."says Fred."Won't that be very interesting?Just like a fish!"36. A.be like B.look like C.like D.as37. A.everyone B.nobody C.somebody D.anyone38. A.at B.in C.to D.with39. A.can B.shouldC.can be able toD.be able to40. A.about B.over C.on D.in41. A.in B.at C.to D.during42. A.be B.have C.has D.will be43. A.some B.most of C.all D.most44. A.and B.or C.but D.if45. A.train B.spaceship C.ship D.plane八、阅读理解-阅读选择（共3小题；共16分）Life in the future will be very different from life today. Because then and now many changes will take place, but what will the changes be?The population is growing fast. There will be many people in the world and most of them will live longer than people live now.Computers will be much smaller and more useful, and there will be at least one in every home. And computer studies will be one of the important subjects in school then.People will work fewer hours than they do now and they will have more free time for sports, watching TV and travelling. Travelling will be much easier and cheaper. And many people will go to other countries for holidays.There will be changes in our food, too. Maybe no one will eat meat every day. Instead they eat more fruit and vegetables. Maybe people will be healthier.Work in the future will be different, too. Dangerous and hard work can be done by robots. Because of this, many people will not have enough work to do. This will be a problem.46. Most people will _____ than people live now.A.live shorterB.live longerC.get tallerD.get shorter47. In the future the computer will be _____.A.much bigger and few people will use itB.much smaller and more usefulC.smaller and not many people will use itD.bigger and a lot of people will use it48. People will _____ in the future.A.prefer fruit and vegetables to meatB.prefer meat to fruit and vegetablesC.prefer fruit and meat to vegetablesD.prefer meat and vegetables to fruit49. The robots will _____ in the future.A.do the dangerous workB.do all the workC.do the interesting workD.do the easy work50. What's the best title for the passage?A.Life in the PastB.Life in the FutureC.Robot in the FutureD.Changes of ComputersWhat will life be like in the year 2080? No one knows, but it is fun to have a guess.Let's make a story about you in the year 2080. Our story will be about only one day.You wake up at seven in the morning. You get dressed. Guess what the clothes are made of. Paper? Glass? Or something we don't even know about today.The breakfast needn't be prepared. Why? The food will be ready for eating. Now you go to work, but you don't go by car. You step onto a moving sidewalk. It takes you to a train station. There you take a special train. How will it run? On the rail over the street? Or in the air? Three o'clock comes. Your work is over for the day."I'll call John, a friend of mine." you say.John answers the videophone. You and he can hear and see each other."What shall we do this Saturday?" you ask. "Shall we put on our robot belts and take a short trip? Or shall we go for a ride in a flying boat?"John may say, "I want to ride in a spaceship! Let's fly to the moon! "51. _____ what life will be like in the year 2080.A.Some people knowB.Nobody knowsC.Scientists have found outD.Only a few clever people know52. In the year 2080, the clothes we wear will be _____ those we are wearing now.A.the same asB.heavier thanC.stronger thanD.different from53. you may not need to spend any time _____ the year 2080 according to Paragraph 3.A.eatingB.sleepingC.cookingD.travelling54. You will take _____ to work.A.a special trainB.a busC.a carD.a plane55. You can probably travel to the moon _____ in the year 2080.A.in a trainB.easilyC.with many difficultiesD.in a carA day in the futureBy Peter LiuIf I can travel to the future for one day, I want to see the children there, make friends with them and learn more about the life in the future.Houses in the future will look like a honeycomb. Many people will live in a building. There will not be any washing machines in the flats because everyone will have a robot to help them do all the housework. There willnot be kitchens because people don't have food for their three meals. They take tablets instead. This can save much time. People will have more time for playing with friends and doing sports.The children in the future will study at home but they can talk to their classmates and teachers on the Internet. They can see each other's faces too. If they miss their friends, they can take a flying bus and visit them. It will just take a few seconds.56. What will people's life be like in the future?A.They live in a honeycomb.B.They spend all time enjoying themselves.C.They don't need to do the housework by themselves.D.They can fly anywhere.57. What will everyone have in his home?A.A washing machine.B.A kitchen.C.A honeycomb.D.A robot.58. What does the underlined word "This" refer to?A.Taking tablets for their three meals.B.Taking a flying bus.ing robots to do the housework.D.Studying at home.59. Which of the following is TRUE about the children in the future?A.They will not have classmates or teachers.B.They will take the flying bus to school.C.They cannot see their friends.D.They will not have to go to school to study.60. How do the people in the future travel around?A.By car.B.By flying bus.C.By robot.D.By train.61. Why does Peter want to make friends with the children in the future?A.He wants to know something about the future world.B.He wants to use e-mails.C.He wants to study at home.D.He wants them to live in his world.二卷九、句子填空（共10小题；共10分）62. The little boy wants to visit the North Pole in the ______ (将来).63. There are lots of t______ jams in big cities.64. There will be no school in the f______.65. The sea level will r______ soon.66. My cat was lost. I looked for it ______ (到处).67. There are sixty minutes in an h______.68. I hope my dream will ______ (实现) one day.69. One day, Simba, the Sun will set here and will ______ (上升) with you as the new king.70. I'm sure all the tourists ______ (have) a good time in the wetland this afternoon.71. The printer has become one of the most useful ______ in the office (机器).十、句型运用（共5小题；共10分）72. I will do my homework next. (对划线部分提问)______ will you ______ next?73. The students in Beijing often take the subway to school. (改为同义句)The students in Beijing often get to school ______ ______.74. There will be fewer people in 100 years.(改为一般疑问句)______ there ______ fewer people in 100 years?75. I will write to my mother tonight.(对划线部分提问)______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______?76. He often goes to work on foot. (用in two days 改写句子)______.十一、汉译英（共5小题；共10分）77. 她不再留卷发了。
外研版2019-2020学年七年级英语下册 Module 4 Life in the future单元测试题及答案
Module 4(45分钟100分)第Ⅰ卷(共50分)Ⅰ. 听力(10分)(Ⅰ)录音中有五组对话，听两遍后，选择相应的图片。
(5分)(Ⅱ)录音中有一篇短文，听两遍后，判断正误(T/F)。
(5分) ( )6. I will live in London, England.( )7. I will be a fashion designer in ten years.( )8. I will have some pets.( )9. I will have a sports car.( )10. I like taking the bus.Ⅱ. 单项选择(20分)1. (2012·阜康中考) —Where is your brother?—He has gone to Beijing. He _____ back in three days.A. will comeB. comesC. has comeD. came2. (2012·毕节中考) Her mother goes to work _____ bus every morning.A. byB. atC. onD. in3. The teacher wants _____.A. three pieces of chalkB. three piece of chalkC. three pieces of chalksD. three piece of chalks4. We will _____ a computer _____ pictures.A. use；to drawB. use; drawC. with；drawD. with; to drawing5. The dream of winning(获得) Nobel Prize in Literature for Chinese people has _____.A. come outB. come inC. come trueD. come over6. (2011·河源中考)—Why are you in such a hurry, Mike?—There _____ an NBA basketball game in ten minutes.A. will beB. will haveC. is going to haveD. are going to be7. Which of the following weather signs (标志) means “rainy”?8. _____she/She is kind, _____we all like her.A. Because；soB. So；becauseC. /；becauseD. /；so9. —Who will do these dull _____?—Jack. He has lots of _____ time.A. work；heavyB. job；easyC. jobs；freeD. work；easy10. (2012·菏泽中考)—Do you need a new dictionary, Susan?—No, Mum. My uncle bought me _____ yesterday.A. oneB. itC. the oneD. anotherⅢ. 完形填空(10分)Today is Sunday. Mike and Peter 1 go to school. Listen! They are talking about the life 2 in the room.“ 3 will the world be like? ”Peter asks. “I think that the world will be a 4 place to live in. And we will 5 machines and robots at home. They will help us do lots of 6 , ”says Mike.“The robots will help7 cook dinner, clean the houses and 8 old people.I think there will be a kind of medicine(药) 9 it can make us live more than 100 years, ”Peter say s.“What will you do then? ” says Mike.“Then I will10 my great-grandchildren(曾孙)to the moon, ”says Peter.“The moon? I will go to the Mars(火星)with my wife, ”says Mike.1. A. aren’t B. don’t C. doesn’t D. isn’t2. A. in the future B. at the momentC. in the pastD. last week3. A. When B. Why C. What D. How4. A. bad B. difficult C. good D. well5. A. be B. have C. has D. are6. A. work B. works C. job D. thing7. A. them B. us C. we D. they8. A. care for B. look forC. look likeD. looks for9. A. and B. but C. because D. so10. A. use B. bring C. take D. getⅣ. 阅读理解(10分)Scientists say life will be very different in 2050.First, there will be no TV channels(频道)in 2050. People will choose a program (节目) from a computer and watch it on TV. In 2050, we will get information from the computers only.Second, water will be a big problem in 2050. In many places, people won’t have water to drink.Third, cars will use new and clean fuels and they will go very fast. There will be a computer in every car. And the computers will control the cars and there won’t be any ac cidents (事故).根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
外研版英语七年级(下) Module 4 .Life in the future
外研版英语七年级（下）Module 4 .Life in the future一．重点短语句型归纳。
1.in the future 将来in future 从今以后2.study at home 在家学习3. on the Internet 在网络上4.be able to 能、会5 .free time 空闲时间 6.as well 也﹙肯定句句末，前面无逗号﹚e true 实现8. all year﹙around﹚整年9.by email 通过电子邮件10.ask a question 问问题11.the change of weather天气的变化12.do light and easy work 做轻松简单的工作13、chalk、paper为不可数名词 a piece of+ chalk/paper 一支粉笔/一张纸14、in twenty years’time= in twenty years 在二十年后in +段时间，句子用一般将来时，用How soon提问15、use ... to do sth 使用...做某事use computer to get information16、get information on the Internet 从网上获得信息17. on the Internet 在网上18、by Internet 通过网络by telephone 通过电话方式by +交通工具单数乘坐by bus 乘公共汽车19、be able to do=can 能够做…20、not ...any more=no...more 不再...21、answer one’s question 回答某人的问题the answer to the question 问题的答案22、need to do sth 需要做某事need sth 需要…此时need是实义动词，有形式变need 做情态动词用时，后接动词原形，无形式变化。
外研版七年级英语下册Module 4 Life in the future Unit 1 Every
Read the dialogue. Now check the students’ ideas about the future.
idea
Daming Betty Tony
Everyone will study at home in the future.
√
√ Students will talk to their
介词by表示方法、方式, 意思是“通过……, 靠……”。 by后面直接跟单数名词, 且不加冠词。
I go to school by bike every day. 我每天骑自行车去上学。 My sister will go to Germany by plane. 我妹妹 将坐飞机去德国。
Read the dialogue. Now check the students’ ideas about the future.
have a piano lesson
What is he going to do? He is going to have a piano lesson. What will he do? He will have a piano lesson. Will he have a piano lesson? Yes, he will. NO, he won’t.
1. In 20 years’ time, maybe there won’t be any schools!二十年之后，也许一所学校都没有了！
“in+一段时间”表示 “一段时间之后”，常用 于将来时。
2. They can ask their teachers questions by Internet, telephone or email. 他们可以通过网络，电话或是电子邮件 问老师问题。
2019-2020年七年级英语下册 Module 4 Life in the future全模块教案 外研版
2019-2020年七年级英语下册 Module 4 Life in the future全模块教案外研版一、教学内容分析本模块以未来的教室及学习为切入点，谈论将来我们生活的各个方面,学生较为有兴趣,便于展开活动。
Unit1的主要内容是涉及一些有关于教室和科学方面的名词，一篇出现了将来时的听力、一段有关未来教室的对话以及相关的几个训练活动，在这个过程中学习和掌握一般将来时WILL+动词原形的陈述，一般疑问句及问答，及否定句。
二、学生情况分析本模块以学生心目中的未来教室为话题，这与学生的现实生活密切相关，他们有话可说，乐于参与课堂活动，而涉及的语法项目是一般将来时will 的陈述句，否定句，一般疑问句及回答，动词不用任何的变化，学生应该较为容易掌握。
三、教学目标1．能够正确理解有关未来学校的对话。
2．能够听懂有关未来生活的简单对话。
3．能够用一般疑问句正确问答有关将来的信息。
四、教学重点和难点1．词汇的正确运用。
2．一般将来时will 的陈述句，否定句，一般疑问句及回答五、教学策略任务型教学、自主学习、合作学习六、教学手段磁带，图片七、教学过程Step 1 . Everyday EnglishWhat day is it today?What do you do today?What are you going to do tomorrow?……Step2.Warm-upT: What will you do at this weekend?S: I will do my homework at this weekend..T: Will you play the piano this afternoon?S: Yes, I will /No, I will not.………Like this, ask the students to work in pairs to review the future tense.Step2. PresentationT: What will you do at this weekend?Help the students answer: I will play games at this weekend.（用be going to+do引出will+do，使同学们在很自然的复习语境中导入到新课）Ask the students to work in pairs to practice will+do.Step3.Vocabulary(1) Use the pictures to teach the new words :cable, , cell phone, , paper, ruler, satellite TV.(2)guessing games :What do you use to learn math and science ? calculatorWhat do I use to teach English? chalk(3)Let students repeat the words loudly.（创设情景教单词，使学生自然地掌握了单词的读音和用法。
外研(新标准)版2019-2020学年初中英语七年级下册Module 4 Life in the future单元检测卷D卷
外研（新标准）版2019-2020学年初中英语七年级下册Module 4 Life in thefuture单元检测卷D卷一、听小对话，从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确的选项。
(共5题；共5分)1. （1分）Who won a prize?A . Toby.B . Tommy.C . Tony.2. （1分）Which happened last?A . The girl's parents had breakfast.B . The girl woke up.C . The girl's parents went to work.3. （1分）听对话，选出最佳选项。
A . Dogs.B . Elephants.C . Cats.4. （1分）How can Peter find his ID card?A . Call Mr. Green.B . Email Mr. Green.C . Write to Mr. Green.5. （1分）What does the young man do?A . A teacher.B . At school.C . He teaches Chinese.二、听长对话，请从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确的选项 (共2题；共5分)6. （2分）听对话，回答问题。
（1）What is Frank doing?A . Talking on the phone.B . Doing his homework.C . Studying for s math test.（2）Who is Frank talking to?A . His classmate.B . His father.C . His teacher.7. （3分）听下面一段对话，回答问题.（1）What did Lingling do yesterday morning?A . She visited her father.B . She visited her grandmother.C . She visited her parents.（2）How did Lingling go to visit her grandmother?A . By bus.B . By bike.C . By taxi.（3）Which story does Lingling like best?A . Three Pigs.B . The Wolf Is Coming.C . Chang'e Flies to the Moon.三、听短文，从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确的选项，完成信息记录表 (共1题；共1分)8. （1分）听下面一篇短文，回答问题（1）Where does Mr. Brown work?A . In a school.B . In a hospital.C . In a restaurant.（2）How often should Tom take medicine?A . Three times a day.B . Twice a day.C . Once a day.（3）Who has a cold?A . Alice.B . Bob.C . Mary.（4）What's wrong with Mary?A . She has a cold.B . She has a sore back.C . She has a sore throat.（5）What else should Mary do besides taking medicine?A . Drink hot tea with honey.B . Have a good rest.C . Drink more water.四、完形填空 (共1题；共1分)9. （1分）根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案。
外研版七年级下册英语Module 4 Life in the future 习题课件 Unit 2
10. Mymotherisateacher, too. (改为同义句) Mymotherisateacher________________.
aswell
11. Whatdoesyoursisterdo? (改为同义句) What________your________________?
7.—Oh, no! We'relate. Thetrainhasleft. 【2019•资阳】
—That’sOK. Thenext________willstartsoon. A. oneB. itC. A
thisD. that
8. Mysisterdoesn'tliketheshow. Idon'tlikeit_______D. A. also B. aswellC. too D. either
9. Ibelievemydreamwill______C_oneday.
A. comehere
B.
comeout
C. cometrue
D.
comeback
10.—____B___willyourschoolbe_______intwentyyears? —Itwillbebigandbeautiful.
答案呈现
一、根据汉语提示完成句子，并背记相应英语词汇 1. Whichanimallivesonlyon________ (陆地)?
land 2. The________(机器) canhelpusdolotsofthings. 3. Nowpmeaocphleinceanwalkin________(太空). 4. Ilovethecity, butIdon'tlikesiptastcreaffic________(堵塞). 5. Therewillbeastrong________(风)intheafternoon.
外研版七年级英语下册 Module 4 Life in the+future专题讲解(有答案)
外研版英语七年级下册Module4 Life in the future专题讲解Name:__________________本单元提纲1. 主题功能：能够谈论未来的生活2. 重点单词：change, ask, traffic, cheap, heavy, hour 等。
3. 重点短语：in the future, not...any more, on the internet, come true, heavy rain 等。
4. 核心句型：Will school be different in the future?Everyone will study at home.等。
语法结构：will结构的一般将来时重难点精讲Will school be different in the future?将来学校会不一样吗？本句是一般将来时的一般疑问句，结构为“will+主语+动词原形+其它？”。
该句式的答语有两种形式：肯定回答Yes,主语+will否定回答No，主语+won’t一般将来时表示的是未来的事情或者是对将来的预测，will没有人称和数的变化。
如果表示将来不会，就要用will not或者缩写成won’t。
题一：翻译：那边将会有一个大型的公园。
将来每张桌子上都会有一台电脑。
我想人人都将用电脑学习。
他们将不用课本。
学校里会有电脑吗？In the future意为“将来，未来”。
in the future 意为“将来”in future 意为“今后，以后”，相当于from now onIn twenty years’ time, maybe there won’t be any schools.在20年后，也许将不会有任何学校。
in twenty years’ time意为“在20年后”，其中years’是名词所有格结构。
在一般将来时中，“in+时间段”表示“在一段时间之后”。
题二：翻译：谁知道将来会发生什么事情？今后多注意你的拼写。
外研版七年级英语下册Everyone will study at homeLife in the f
ask their teachers
not be able to do ...
questions by Internet...
not use chalk ... not use pens and paper, or erasers any more not have a lot of homework to do have a lot of free time
初中英语外研版七年级下
Module4 Life in the future
Unit 1 Everyone will study at home
1
Warm-up
2
Presentation
3
Language Points
Warm-up
小组活动 ——想象一下你心目中未来的学校的样子吧!
Students will use computers and get
buildings playground
Student A: What will our school be like in ten years? Students B: I think ... Students C: We will... Students D: ... Students E: ... Students F : ... Students A: I think it will be (fantastic)...
Will schools be different in the future?
Lingling's idea
Daming's ideas Betty's ideas
Tony's ideas
Schools in
2019-2020学年外研版七年级英语下册Module4Lifeinthefuture语言点素材
Module 4 Unit 1 1、life n. 生活；生命复数：liveslive a happy life 过幸福的生活save one’s life2、change v. 改变change one’s mind 改变想法change a lot 改变很多3、need sth. 需要……need to do 需要做……need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做……4、carry sth. to school 带……去学校carry v. 抬，搬；携带carry/take sth. with sb. 随身携带5、be different from ... 与……不同be the same as ... 与……相同6、in the future 在未来in future = from now on 从今以后7、in twenty years’ time = in twenty years 在20年后用how soon提问，“……以后”8、maybe adv. 也许（放句首作状语）may be 可能是……（放主语后）9、There won’t be ... 将不会有……There isn’t going to be ... 将不会有……10、use sth. to to sth.useful adj. 有用的 useless adj. 没用的user n. 使用者，用户11、get information on the Internet 在网上获得信息get sb. sth. 给某人取……get a letter from sb. 收到……的来信12、ask their teachers questionsask sb. sth. 问某人某事ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事ask sb. for sth. 向某人要……13、by Internet 通过网络14、be good/great fun 很愉快have fun in doing sth. 做……很开心15、check the students’ level 检查学生水平16、be able to do 能够……will be able to do 将能够……won’t be able to do 将不能……17、on a blackboard 在黑板上18、not ... any more 不再……I won’t do that any more. 我不会再那样做了。
外研版七年级英语下册Module 4 Life in the future Unit 1
use books write on a blackboard with chalk use paper, pencils and pens
Report like this :
Let me talk about my life in the future. I think I will have……
6.Will we read books in the future?
Yes, we will./ No, we won’t.
7.Will teachers use a blackboard and chalk? Yes, they will./ No, they won’t.
8.Will students use paper, pencils and pens? Yes, they will./ No, they won’t.
Internet paper pen radio ruler satellite TV
Will there be schools in the future?
----Yes,there will. There will be schools in the future.
----No, there won’t . There won’t be schools in the future.
Will he …?
Yes, he will./No, he won’t （=will not).
What will he/she do next weekend?
He/she will… Will …？ Yes, …will/No,… won’t（=will not).