最新大学英语四级考试真题汇总
2023年12月英语四级考试真题及答案第1套
2023年12月四级真题（第1套）注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A．, B．, C． andD．, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
1. A． The woman is fussy about the cleanness of the apartment.B． He has not cleaned the apartment since his mother's visit.C． He does not remember when his mother canoe over.D． His mother often helps him to clean the apartment.2. A． The bus stop is only two minutes' walk.B． The nmning made him short of breath.C． They might as well take the next bus.D． The woman is late by a couple of minutes.3. A． She is suffering a pain in her neck.B． She is likely to replace Miss Smith.C． She has to do extra work for a few days. D． She is quite sick of working overtime.4. A． Change her job.B． Buy a dishwasher.C． Open a flower shop.D． Start her own business.5. A． He forgot where he had left the package. B． He slipped on his way to the post office. C． He wanted to deliver the package himself. D． He failed to do what he promised to do.6. A． The speakers do not agree with each other. B． The woman does not like horror films.C． The man pays for the tickets as a rule.D． The speakers happened" to meet in the cinema.7. A． The woman is just as unlucky as the man. B． The woman is more sensitive than the man. C． The speakers share a common view on love.D． The speakers are unhappy with their marriage.8. A． Preparations for a forum.B． Participants in the forum.C． Organizers of a forum.D． Expectations of the forum.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A． France.B． Scandinavia.C． Russia.D． East Europe.10. A． More women will be promoted in the workplace.B． More women will overcome their inadequacies.C． More women will receive higher education.D． More women will work outside the family.11. A． Try hard to protect women's rights.B． Educate men to respect women more.C． Help women acquire more professional skills.D． Spend more time changing women's attitudes.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A． In a restaurant.B． In a hotel lobby.C． At the man's office.D． At the woman's place.13. A． He is the chief designer of the latest bike model.B． He has completed an overseas market survey.C． He is the Managing Director of Jayal Motors.D． He has just come back from a trip to Africa.14. A． To select the right model.B． To get a good import agent.C． To convince the board members.D． To cut down production costs.15. A． His flexibility.B． His vision.C． His intelligence.D． His determination.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hoar 3 short passages. At tho end of each passage, you will hoar some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose tho best answer from tho four choices marked A．, B．, C．andD．. Then mark tho correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through tho centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
大学英语四级考试真题及答案(完整版)
大学英语四级考试真题及答案(绝对完整）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a shortessay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should writeat least 120 words following the outline given bellow:1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？2. 也会带来一些问题3. 你的看法？Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go overthe passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. Forquestions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the informationgiven in the passage.How Do You See Diversity?As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for someof the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed thatthe candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhatdisappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but thefact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so shedecided to offer the job to her second choice.“It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized theperson we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. Whatshe hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s“different”behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-Americanraised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown byaverting(避开) your eyes.“I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it wascultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss thatopportunity again.”Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive asdifferent. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse,it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and toreexamine some of our false assumptions .Hire AdvantageAt a time when hiring qualified people is becoming moredifficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from theprocess have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helpsorganizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estaterecruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference suchtraining can make .“During my Mindsets coaching session ,I was taught how to recruit a diversified workforce. I recruited people from different cultures and skill sets .The agents were able to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company .When the real estate market began to change, it was because we had a diverse agent pool that we were able to stay in the real estate market much longer than others in the same profession.”Blinded by GenderDale is an account executive who attended one of my workshops onsu pervising a diverse workforce . “Through one of the sessions ,I discovered my personal bias ,” he recalls . “I learned I had not been looking at a person as a whole person , and being open to differences .” In his case , the blindness was not about culture but rather gender.“I had a management position open in my department ;and the two finalists were a man and a woman . Had I not attended this workshop , I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel . My reasoning would have been that even though both candidates were great and could have been successful in the position , I assumed the woman would have wanted to be home with her children and not travel .”Dale’s assumptions are another example of the well-intentioned but incorrect thinking that limits an organization’s ability to tap into the full potential of a diverse workforce.“I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation , I needed to present the full range of duties, responsibilities and expectations to all candidates and allow them to make an informed decision .” Dale credits the workshop , “because it helped me make decisions based on fairness .”Year of the Know-It-AllDoug is another supervisor who attended one of my workshops .He recalls a major lesson learned from his own employee.“One of my most embarrassing moments was when I had a Chinese-American employee put in a request to take time off to celebrate Chinese New Year . In my ignorance , I assumed he had his dates wrong , as the first of January had just passed . When I advised him of this , I gave him a long talking-to about turning in requests early with the proper dates .“He pati ently waited , then when I was done , he said he would like Chinese New Year did not begin January first , and that Chinese New Year ,which is tied to the lunar cycle ,is one of the most celebrated holidays on theChinese calendar . Needless to say , I felt very embarrassed in assuminghe had his dates mixed up . But I learned a great deal about assumptions ,and that the timing of holidays varies considerably from culture toculture .“Attending the diversity workshop helped me realize how much I couldlearn by simply asking questions and creating dialogues with my employees ,rather than making assumptions and trying to be a know-it-all ,” Dougadmits . “The biggest thing I took away from the workshop is learninghow to be more ‘inclusive’ to differences.A better Bottom LineAn open mind about diversity not only improves organizationsinternally , it is profitable as well . These comments from a customerservice representative show how an inclusive attitude can improvesales .”Most of my customers speak English as a second language . Oneof the best things my company has done is to contract with a languageservice that offers translations over the phone . It wasn’t until my bossreceived Mindsets’ training that she was able to understand how importantinclusiveness was to customer service . As result , our customer base hasincreased .”Once we start to see people as individuals . and discard thestereotypes , we can move positively toward inclusiveness for everyone .Diversity is about coming together and taking advantage of our differencesand similarities . It is about building better communities andorganizations that enhance us as individuals and reinforce our sharedhumanity .When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge what we think wehave learned from our past , from the media, peers , family , friends ,etc , we begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed(有缺陷的) or contrary to our fundamental values . We need to train our-selvesto think differently , shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opensdoors for all of us ,creating opportunities in organizations andcommunities that benefit everyone.1. What bothered Tiffany during an interview with her candidate?A) He just wouldn’t look her in the eye.B) He was slow in answering her questions.C) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.D) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.2. Tiffany’s misjudgment about the candidate stemmed from _____.A) Racial stereotypes. C) Racial stereotypes.B) Invalid personal bias . D) Emphasis on physical appearance3. What is becoming essential in the course of economic globalizationaccording to the author?A) Hiring qualified technical and management personnel.B) Increasing understanding of people of other cultures.C) Constantly updating knowledge and equipment.D) Expanding domestic and international markets.4. What kind of organization is Mindsets LLC?A) A real estate agency. C) A cultural exchange organization.B) A personnel training company. D) A hi-tech company5. After one of the workshops ,account executive Dale realized that _____.A) He had hired the wrong person.B) He could have done more for his company.C) He had not managed his workforce well.D) He must get rid of his gender bias.6. What did Dale think of Mindsets LLC’s workshop?A) It was well-intentioned but poorly conducted.B) It tapped into the executives’ full potential.C) It helped him make fair decisions.D) It met participants’ di verse needs.7. How did Doug, a supervisor, respond to a Chinese-American employee’srequest for leave?A) He told him to get the dates right. C)He flatly turned it downB) He demanded an explanation. D)He readily approved it.8. Doug felt _____ when he realized that his assumption was wrong.9. After attending Mindsets’ workshops, the participants came to knowthe importance of _____ to their business.10. When we view people as individuals and get rid of stereotypes , wecan achieve diversity and benefit from the _____ between us.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 Minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questionswill be asked about what was said .Both the conversation and the questionswill be spoken only once .After each question there will be a pause .During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C) and D),and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) She expected more people at her party.B) She enjoys entertaining small children .C) She threw a surprise party for her friendD) She has always enjoyed great popularity.12. A) They are not used to living in a cold place.B) They feel lucky to live in Florida.C) They are going to have a holiday.D) They have not booked their air tickets yet.13. A) He was pleased to get the medal. C) He used to be a firefighter.(B) He was very courageous. D) He was accused of causing a fire.14。
2023年12月大学英语四级CET4真题试卷含答案
12月23日四级考试真题（最新整顿版）Part ⅠWriting （30 minutes）Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled. The Importance of Reading classics. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1、许多人喜欢在除夕夜观看春节晚会2、但有人提出取消春节晚会3、我旳见解Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet1.For questions 1-4, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 5-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Six Secrets of High-Energy PeopleThere’s an energy crisis in America, and it has nothing to do with fossil fuels. Millions of us get up each morning already weary over the day holds. “I just can’t get started.” People say. But it’s not physical energy that most of us lack. Sure, we could all use extra sleep and a better diet. But in truth, people are healthier today than at any time in history. I can almost guarantee that if you long for more energy, the problem is not with your body.What you’re seeking is not physical energy. It’s emotional energy. Yet, sad to say life sometimes seems designed to exhaust our supply. We work too hard. We have family obligations. We encounter emergencies and personal crises. No wonder so many of us suffer from emotional fatigue, a kind of utter exhaustion of the spirit.And yet we all know people who are filled with joy, despite the unpleasant circumstances of their lives. Even as a child I observed people who were poor or disabled or ill, but who nonetheless faced life with optimism and vigor. Consider Laura Hillenbrand, who despite an extremely weak body wrote the best-seller Seabiscuit. Hillenbrand barely had enough physical energy to drag herself out of be to write. But she was fueled by having a story she wanted to share. It was emotional energy that helped her succeed.Unlike physical energy, which is finite and diminishes with age, emotional energy is unlimited and has nothing to do with genes or upbringing. So how do you get it? You can’t simply tell yourself to be positive. You must take action. Here are six practical strategies that work.1. Do something new.Very little that’s new occurs in our lives. The impact of this sameness on our emotional energy is gradual, but huge: It’s like a tire with a slow leak. You don’t it at first, but eventually you’ll get a flat. It’s up to you to plug the leak--even though there are always a dozen reasons to stay stuck in your dull routines of life. That’s where Maura, 36, a waitress, found herself a year ago.Fortunately, Maura had a lifeline--a group of women friends who meet regularly to discuss their lives. Their lively discussions spurred Maura to make small but nevertheless life alteringchanges. She joined a gym in the next town. She changed her look with a short haircut and new black T-shirts. Eventually, Maura gathered the courage to quit her job and start her own business.Here’s a challenge: If it’s something you wouldn’t ordinarily do, do it. Try a dish you’ve never eaten. Listen to music you’d ordinarily tune out. You’ll discover these small things add to your emotional energy.2. Reclaim life’s meaning.So many of my patients tell me that their lives used to have meaning, but that somewhere along the line things went state.The first step in solving this meaning shortage is to figure out what you really care about, and then do something about it. A case in point is Ivy, 57, a pioneer in investment banking. "I mistakenly believed that all the money I made would mean something." she says. "But I feel lost, like a 22-year-old wondering what to do with her life." Ivy’s solution? She started a program that shows Wall Streeters how to donate time and money to poor children. In the process, Ivy filled her life with meaning.3. Put yourself in the fun zone.Most of us grown-ups are seriously fun-deprived. High-energy people have the same day-to-day work as the rest of us, but they manage to find something enjoyable in every situation. A real estate broker I know keeps herself amused on the job by mentally redecorating the houses she shows to clients. "I love imagining what even the most run-down house could look like withy a little tender loving care," she says. "It’s a challenge--and the least desirable properties are usually the most fun."We all define fun differently, of course, but I can guarantee this: If you put just a bit of it into your day, you energy will increase quickly.4. Bid farewell to guilt and regret.Everyone’s past is filled with regrets that still cau se pain. But from an emotional energy point of view, they are dead weights that keep us from us from moving forward. While they can’t merely be willed away, I do recommend you remind yourself that whatever happened is in the past, and nothing can change that. Holding on to the memory only allows the damage to continue into the present.5. Make up your mind.Say you’ve been thinking about cutting your hair short. Will it look stylish –or too extreme?You endlessly think it over. Having the decision hanging over your head is a huge energy drain.Every time you can’t decide, you burden yourself with alternatives. Quit thinking that you have to make the right decision; instead, make a choice and don’t look back.6. Give to get.Emotional energy has a kind of magical quality; the more you give, the more you get back.. This is the difference between emotional and physical energy. With the latter. You have to get it to be able to give it. With the former, however, you get it by giving it.Start by asking everyone y ou meet, “How are you?” as if you really want to know, then listen to the reply. Be the one who hears. Most of us also need to smile more often. If you don’t smile at the person you love first thing in the morning, you’re sucking energy out of yourrelationship. Finally, help another person—and make the help real, concrete. Give a massage (按摩) to someone you love, or cook her dinner, Then, expand the circle to work. Try asking yourself what you’d do if your goal were to be helpful rather than efficient.Aft er all, if it’s true that what goes around comes around, why not make sure that what’s circulating around you is the good stuff?注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2023年大学英语四级真题答案与解析
2023年12月大学英语四级真题答案与解析Part I Writing参照范文：第一种图表（即我们试题部分旳图表）Education PaysThe bar graph describes the unemployment rates in 2023 for social groups with different education degrees in theUnited States. According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics，the better you are educated，the more likely you are to get employed. For example，there are only about 1.9% and 4% of people with doctoral degree and master s degree respectively who are unemployed，while people with only a high school diploma or less suffer a much higher unemployment rate （14.9% and 10.3% respectively）.These data clearly indicate that education pays in the long run and it is a worthy investment. In this IT age especially，when knowledge of science and technology is power，people need to be well equipped with knowledge and skills in order to be competitive in job hunting and be better paid. A higher degree is definitely an advantage in the first place in the job market.It must be added，however，a high degree alone is not enough. It will not ensure a better employment opportunity. In order to succeed in the career，people must also develop practical skills and techniques as well as good communication，teamwork and social experience.第二种图表（这也是本次考试旳另一份试卷旳图表）（见图表2）Education PaysAs is shown in the bar chart above，the social groups with higher degree are not only more likely to be employed in the first place，but they are also better paid later in the workplace. Those with doctoral and professional degrees enjoy a much higher weekly median earning （$1551 and 1665 respectively）and suffer a much lower unemployment rate （2.5% and 2.4%）. On the other hand，those with less education suffer a considerably higher unemployment rate and have a much lower weekly income. For example，there are a total of 23.5% （9.4%+14.1%）of people unemployed with high school diploma or less，who have only a median weekly income of $545，as compared with the average $797.These data clearly indicate that education pays in the long run and it is a worthy investment. In this IT age especially，when knowledge of science and technology is power，people need to be well equipped with knowledge and skills in order to be competitive in job hunting and be better paid. A higher degree is definitely an advantage in the first place in the job market and a competitive edge for workplace promotions.It must be added，however，a high degree alone is not enough. It will not ensure a better employment opportunity and higher salary. In order to succeed in the career，people must also develop practical skills and techniques as well as good communication，teamwork and social experience.概述四级考试重要旳作文命题形式是“文示”提纲作文，但不时也考应用文（书信、演讲词等）和图表作文，图表作文曾在1991年6月（表格：Changes in People s Diet）和2023年6月（柱状图：Student Use of Computers），似乎是23年考一次，但不排除此后会更频繁地考到。
大学英语四级考试试题真题-(12)精选全文完整版
可编辑修改精选全文完整版大学英语四级考试试题真题Part I Section A Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each convers-ation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Example:You will hear:You will read."A) At the office.B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This conversation iS most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A) "At the office" is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) The man enjoys traveling by car.B) The man lives far from the subway.C) The man is good at driving.D) The man used to own a car.2. A) Tony should continue taking the course.B) She approves of Tony's decision.C) Tony can choose another science course.D) She can't meet Tony so early in the morning.3. A) She has to study for the exam.B) She is particularly interested in plays.C) She's eager to watch the new play.D) She can lend her notes to the man.4. A) They will be replaced by on-line education sooner or later.B) They will attract fewer kids as on-line education expands.C) They will continue to exist along with on-line education.D) They will limit their teaching to certain subjects only.5. A) Most students would like to work for a newspaper.B) Most students find a job by reading advertisements.C) Most students find it hard to get a job after they graduate.D) Most students don't want jobs advertised in the newspapers.6. A) Move the washing machine to the basement.B) Turn the basement into a workshop.C) Repair the washing machine.D) Finish his assignment.7. A) Some students at the back cannot hear the professor.B) The professor has changed his reading assignment.C) Some of the students are not on the professor's list.D) The professor has brought extra copies of his assignment.8. A) She doesn't want to talk about the contest.B) She's modest about her success in the contest.C) She's spent two years studying English in Canada.D) She's very proud of her success in the speech contest.9. A) Talking about sports.B) Writing up local news.C) Reading newspapers.D) Putting up advertisements10. A) They shouldn't change their plan.B) They'd better change their mind.C) The tennis game won't last long.D) Weather forecasts are not reliable.Section B Compound DictationDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from S1 to S7 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from S8 to SIO you are required to fill in the missing information. You can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally; when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.There are a lot of good cameras available at the moment--most of these are made in Japan but there are also good (S1)_____________models from Germany and the USA. We have (S2)_______________range of different models to see which is the best (S3)___________________money. After a number of different tests and interviews with people who are (S4)_________________assessed, our researchers (S5)______________________with the different cameras being the Olympic BY model as the best auto-focus camera available at the moment. It costs $200 although you may well want to spend more--(S6)_______________much as another $200--on buying (S7)_________________lenses and other equipment. It is a good Japanese camera, easy to use.S8)_________________________________________________________ ________ whereas the American versions are considerably more expensive The Olympic BY model weighs only 320 grams which is quite a bit less than other cameras of a similar type. Indeed one of the other models we looked at weighed almost twice as much. (S9)________________________________________________________ __. ALL the people we interviewed expressed almost total satisfaction with it (Sl0)_______________________________________________________ ____________Part II Reading Comprehension(35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Scratchy throats, stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery, but being able to tell if the cause is a cold orflu ( ~,~ ) may make a differencein how long the misery lasts.The American Lung Association (ALA) has issued new guidelines on combating colds and the flu(流感), and one of the keys is being able to quickly tell the two apart. That's because the prescription drugs available for the flu need to be taken soon after the illness sets in. As for colds, the sooner aperson starts taking over-the-counter remedy, the sooner relief will come.The common cold and the flu are both caused by viruses. More than 200 viruses can cause cold symptoms, while the flu is caused by three viruses - flu A, B and C. There is no cure for eitherillness, but the flu can be prevented by the flu vaccine ( ~-~ ), which is, for most people, the bestway to fight the flu, according to the ALA.But if the flu does strike, quick action can help. Although the flu and common cold have manysimilarities, there are some obvious signs to look for.Cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose and scratchy throat typically develop gradually, and adults and teens often do not get a fever. On the other hand, fever is one of the characteristic features of the flu for all ages. And in general, flu symptoms including fever and chills, sore throat and body aches come on suddenly and are more severe than cold symptoms.The ALA notes that it may be particularly difficult to tell wheninfants and preschool age children have the flu. It advises parents to call the doctor if their small children have flu-like symptoms.Both cold and flu symptoms can be eased with over-the-counter medications as well. However,children and teens with a cold or flu should not take aspirin for pain relief because of the risk of Reye syndrome(综合症) ，a rare but serious condition of the liver and central nervous system.Reye syndrome .There is, of course, no vaccine for the common cold. But frequent hand washing and avoiding close contact with people who have colds can reduce the likelihood of Catching one.11. According to the author, knowing the cause of the misery will helpA) shorten the duration of the illnessB) the patient buy medicine over the counterC) the patient obtain cheaper prescription drugsD) prevent people from catching colds and the flu12. We learn from the passage thatA) one doesn't need to take any medicine if he has a cold or the fluB) aspirin should not be included in over-the-counter medicines for the fluC) delayed treatment of the flu will harm the liver and central nervous systemD) over-the-counter drugs can be taken to ease the misery caused by a cold or the flu13. According to the passage, to combat the flu effectively,A) one should identify the virus which causes itB) one should consult a doctor as soon as possibleC) one should take medicine upon catching the diseaseD) one should remain alert when the disease is spreading14. Which of the following symptoms will distinguish the flu from a cold?A)A stuffy nose.B) A high temperature.Ci A sore throat.D) A dry cough.15. If children have flu-like symptoms, their parentsA) are advised not to give them aspirinB) should watch out for signs of Reye syndromeC) are encouraged to take them to hospital for vaccinationD) should prevent them from mixing with people running a feverPassage TwoQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.In a time of low academic achievement by children in the UnitedStates, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In'most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one investigation, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents (答问卷者)listed "to give children a good start'academically" as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for success ful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and math ematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to function as a member of a group. The vast majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.In the recent comparison of Japanese and American preschool education, 91 percent of Japanese respondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. Sixty-two percent of the more individually oriented (强调个性发展的) Americans listed group experience as one of their top three choices. An emphasis on the importance of the group seen inJapanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education.Like in America, there is diversity in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools.Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children's chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens.16. We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believeA) Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parentsB) Japan's economic success is a result of its scientific achievementsC) Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instructionD)Japan's higher education is superior to theirs17. Most Americans surveyed believe that preschools should also attach importance toA) problem solvingB) group experienceC) parental guidanceD) individually-oriented development18. In Japan's preschool education, the focus is onA) preparing children academicallyB) developing children's artistic interestsC) tapping children's potentialD) shaping children's character19. Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order toA) broaden children's horizonB) cultivate children's creativityC) lighten children's study loadD) enrich children's knowledge20. Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university:based kindergartens?A) They can do better in their future studies.B) They can accumulate more group experience there.C) They can be individually oriented when they grow up.D) They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education.Passage ThreeQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Lead deposits, which accumulated in soil and snow during the 1960's and 70's, were primarily the result of leaded gasoline emissions originating in the United States. In the twenty years that the Clean Air Act has mandated unleaded gas use in the United States, the lead accumulation world-wide has decreased significantly.A study published recently in the journal Nature shows that air-borne leaded gas emissions from the United States were the leading contributor to the high concentration of lead in the snow in Greenland. The new study is a result of the continued research led by Dr. Charles Boutron, an expert on the impact of heavy metals on the environment at the National Center for Scientific Research in France. A study by Dr. Boutron published in 1991 showed that lead levels in arctic(北极的) snow were declining.In his new study, Dr. Boutron found the ratios of the different forms of lead in the leaded gasoline used in the United States were different from the ratios of European, Asian and Canadian gasolines and thus enabled scientists to differentiate ( 分区) the lead sources. The dominant lead ratio found in Greenland snow matched that found in gasoline from the United States.In a study published in the journal Ambio, scientists found that lead levels in soil in the North-eastern United States had decreased markedly since the introduction of unleaded gasoline.Many scientists had believed that the lead would stay in soil and snow for a longer period.The authors of the Ambio study examined samples of the upper layers of soil taken from the same sites of 30 forest floors in New England, New York and Pennsylvania in 1980 and in 1990.The forest environment processed and redistributed the lead faster than the scientists had expected.Scientists say both studies demonstrate that certain parts of the ecosystem (生态系统) respond rapidly to reductions in atmospheric pollution, but that these findings should not be used as a license to pollute.21. The study published in the journal Nature indicates thatA) the Clean Air Act has not produced the desired resultsB) lead deposits in arctic snow are on the increaseC) lead will stay in soil and snow longer than expectedD) the US is the major source of lead pollution in arctic snow22. Lead accumulation worldwide decreased significantly after the use of unleaded gas in the USA) was discouragedB) was enforced by lawC) was prohibited by lawD) was introduced23. How did scientists discover the source of lead pollution in Greenland?A) By analyzing the data published in journals like Nature and Ambio.B) By observing the lead accumulations in different parts of the arctic area.C) By studying the chemical elements of soil and snow in Northeastern America.D) By comparing the chemical compositions of leaded gasoline used in various countries.24. The authors of the Ambio study have found thatA) forests get rid of lead pollution faster than expectedB) lead accumulations in forests are more difficult to deal withC) lead deposits are widely distributed in the forests of the USD) the upper layers of soil in forests are easily polluted by lead emissions25. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that scientistsA) are puzzled by the mystery of forest pollutionB) feel relieved by the use of unleaded gasolineC) still consider lead pollution a problemD) lack sufficient means to combat lead pollution。
最新大学英语四级3套真题及答案
最新大学英语四级真题（第1套）Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to your parents or any family members upon making memorable achievement. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part ⅡListening Comprehension(25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A)The International Labor Organization's key objective.B)The basic social protection for the most vulnerable.C)Rising unemployment worldwide.D)Global economic recovery.2. A)Many countries have not taken measures to create enough jobs.B)Few countries know how to address the current economic crisis.C)Few countries have realized the seriousness of the current crisis.D)Many countries need support to improve their people's livelihood.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A)Serve standardized food nationwide.B)Put calorie information on the menu.C)Increase protein content in the food.D)Offer convenient food to customers.4. A)They will be fined.B)They will be closed.C)They will get a warning.D)They will lose customers.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A)Inability to implement their business plans.B)Inability to keep turning out novel products.C)Lack of a successful business model of their own.D)Failure to integrate innovation into their business.6. A)It is the secret to business success.B)It is the creation of something new.C)It is a magic tool to bring big rewards.D)It is an essential part of business culture.7. A)Its hardworking employees.B)Its flexible promotion strategy.C)Its innovation culture.D)Its willingness to make investments.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversations you will hear four questions. Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only once. After you hear a question. You must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A)He's got addicted to technology.B)He is not very good at socializing.C)He is crazy about text-messaging.D)He does not talk long on the phone.9. A)Talk big.B)Talk at length.C)Gossip a lot.D)Forget herself.10. A)He thought it was cool.B)He needed the practice.C)He wanted to stay connected with them.D)He had an urgent message to send.11. A)It poses a challenge to seniors.B)It saves both time and money.C)It is childish and unprofessional.D)It is cool and convenient.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A)He wants to change his job assignment.B)He is unhappy with his department manager.C)He thinks he deserves extra pay for overtime.D)He is often singled out for criticism by his boss.13. A)His workload was much too heavy.B)His immediate boss did not trust him.C)His colleagues often refused to cooperate.D)His salary was too low for his responsibility.14. A)He never knows how to refuse.B)He is always ready to help others.C)His boss has a lot of trust in him.D)His boss has no sense of fairness.15. A)Put all his complaints in writing.B)Wait and see what happens next.C)Learn to say no when necessary.D)Talk to his boss in person first.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A)The importance of sleep to a healthy life.B)Reasons for Americans' decline in sleep.C)Some tips to improve the quality of sleep.D)Diseases associated with lack of sleep.17. A)They are more health-conscious.B)They are changing their living habits.C)They get less and less sleep.D)They know the dangers of lack of sleep.18. A)Their weight will go down.B)Their mind function will deteriorate.C)Their work efficiency will decrease.D)Their blood pressure will rise.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A)How much you can afford to pay.B)What course you are going to choose.C)Which university you are going to apply to.D)When you are going to submit your application.20. A)The list of courses studied.B)The full record of scores.C)The references from teachers.D)The personal statement.21. A)Specify what they would like to do after graduation.B)Describe in detail how much they would enjoy studying.C)Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject.D)Emphasize that they admire the professors in the university.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A)It was equipped with rubber tyres.B)It was built in the late 19th century.C)It was purchased by the Royal family.D)It was designed by an English engineer.23. A)They consumed lots of petrol.B)They took two passengers only.C)They were difficult to drive.D)They often broke down.24. A)They were produced on the assembly line.B)They were built with less costly materials.C)They were modeled after British cars.D)They were made for ordinary use.25. A)It made news all over the world.B)It was built for the Royal family.C)It marked a new era in motor travel.D)It attracted large numbers of motorists.Part III Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Physical activity does the body good, and there's growing evidence that it helps the brain too. Researchers in the Netherlands report that children who get more exercise, whether at school or on their own, 26 to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests. In a 27 of 14 studies that looked at physical activity and academic 28 , investigators found that the more children moved, the better their grades were in school, 29 in the basic subjects of math, English and reading.The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as schools struggle to 30on smaller budgets. The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time. With standardized test scores in the U.S. 31in recent years, some administrators believe students need to spend more time in the classroom instead of on the playground. But as these findings show, exercise and academics may not be 32 exclusive. Physical activity can improve blood 33 to the brain, fueling memory, attention and creativity, which are 34 to learning. Andexercise releases hormones that can improve 35 and relieve stress, which can also help learning. So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising their bodies when they're runningSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Finding the Right Home—and Contentment, Too[A] When your elderly relative needs to enter some sort of long-term care facility—a moment fewparents or children approach without fear—what you would like is to have everything made clear.[B] Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industrysimply hired better interior designers? Are nursing homes as bad as people fear, or is that an out-moded stereotype（固定看法)? Can doing one's homework really steer families to the best places? It is genuinely hard to know.[C] I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an olderperson lives in may matter less than we have assumed. And that the characteristics adult children look for when they begin the search are not necessarily the things that make a difference to the people who are going to move in. I am not talking about the quality of care, let me hastily add. Nobody flourishes in a gloomy environment with irresponsible staff and a poor safety record. But an accumulating body of research indicates that some distinctions between one type of elder care and another have little real bearing on how well residents do.[D] The most recent of these studies, published in The journal of Applied Gerontology, surveyed150 Connecticut residents of assisted living, nursing homes and smaller residential care homes（known in some states as board and care homes or adult care homes). Researchers from the University of Connecticut Health Center asked the residents a large number of questions about their quality of life, emotional well-being and social interaction, as well as about the quality of the facilities.[E] “We thought we would see differences based on the housing types,” said the lead author of thestudy, Julie Robison, an associate professor of medicine at the university. A reasonable assumption—don't families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can't?[F] In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. They wereless likely to report symptoms of depression than those in the other facilities, for instance, and less likely to be bored or lonely. They scored higher on social interaction.[G] But when the researchers plugged in a number of other variables, such differences disappeared.It is not the housing type, they found, that creates differences in residents' responses. “It is the characteristics of the specific environment they are in, combined with their own personal characteristics—how healthy they feel they are, their age and marital status,” Dr. Robisonexplained. Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.[H] An elderly person who describes herself as in poor health, therefore, might be no lessdepressed in assisted living（even if her children preferred it) than in a nursing home. A person who had input into where he would move and has had time to adapt to it might do as well in a nursing home as in a small residential care home, other factors being equal. It is an interaction between the person and the place, not the sort of place in itself, that leads to better or worse experiences. “You can't just say, 'Let's put this person in a residential care home instead of a nursing home—she will be much better off,'” Dr. Robison said. What matters, she added, “is a combination of what people bring in with them, and what they find there.”[I] Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before. In a multi-state studyof assisted living, for instance, University of North Carolina researchers found that a host of variables—the facility's type, size or age；whether a chain owned it；how attractive the neighborhood was—had no significant relationship to how the residents fared in terms of illness, mental decline, hospitalizations or mortality. What mattered most was the residents' physical health and mental status. What people were like when they came in had greater consequence than what happened once they were there.[J] As I was considering all this, a press release from a respected research firm crossed my desk, announcing that the five-star rating system that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are. As a matter of fact, consumers expressed higher satisfaction with the one-star facilities, the lowest rated, than with the five-star ones.（More on this study and the star ratings will appear in a subsequent post.)[K] Before we collectively tear our hair out—how are we supposed to find our way in a landscape this confusing?—here is a thought from Dr. Philip Sloane, a geriatrician（老年病学专家)at the University of North Carolina:“In a way, that could be liberating for families.”[L] Of course, sons and daughters want to visit the facilities, talk to the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties. But perhaps they don't have to turn themselves into private investigators or Congressional subcommittees.“Families can look a bit more for where the residents are going to be happy,” Dr. Sloane said.And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.[M] We all have our own ideas about what would bring our parents happiness. They have their ideas, too. A friend recently took her mother to visit an expensive assisted living/nursing home near my town. I have seen this place—it is elegant, inside and out. But nobody greeted the daughter and mother when they arrived, though the visit had been planned；nobody introduced them to the other residents. When they had lunch in the dining room, they sat alone at a table.[N] The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there, and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.36.Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for theirparents.37.Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities, involving their parents in thedecision-making process may prove very important.38.It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.39.How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility theylive in.40.The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place overan apparently elegant assisted living home.41.The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding asatisfactory place.42.At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gavehigher scores on social interaction.43.What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.44.The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.45.A resident's satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participatedin the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks, it's necessary to translate our morals into AI language.For example, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldn't want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. “You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values,” said Russell.Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldn't think that's the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules.Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to do sufficient testing and they've produced a system that will break some kind of taboo（禁忌).One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation.If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportunity to stop, send out beeps（嘟嘟声), and ask for directions from a human. If we humans aren't quite sure about a decision, we go and ask somebody else.The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral, and how to create a set of ethical rules. But if we come up with an answer, robots could be good for humanity.46.What does the author say about the threat of robots?A)It may constitute a challenge to computer programmers.B)It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.C)It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.D)It has become an inevitable peril as technology gets more sophisticated.47.What would we think of a person who invades our personal space according to the author?A)They are aggressive. B)They are outgoing.C)They are ignorant. D)They are ill-bred.48.How do robots learn human values?A)By interacting with humans in everyday life situations.B)By following the daily routines of civilized human beings.C)By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.D)By imitating the behavior of property brought-up human beings.49.What will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation?A)Keep a distance from possible dangers. B)Stop to seek advice from a human being.C)Trigger its built-in alarm system at once. D)Do sufficient testing before taking action.50.What is most difficult to do when we turn human values into a programmable code?A)Determine what is moral and ethical. B)Design some large-scale experiments.C)Set rules for man-machine interaction. D)Develop a more sophisticated program. Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Why do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard explanations: keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc. But what effect does your personality have on your longevity（长寿）?Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing, more active and less neurotic （神经质的) than other people. Long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times.Interestingly, however, other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, for instance, were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.Whether you can successfully change your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should strive to be as outgoing as possible.Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your mother's personality may also help determine your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28,000 Norwegian mothers and found thatthose moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids unhealthy diets. Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we're adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.Personality isn't destiny（命运), and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn't just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health.51. The aim of the study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society is____.A)to see whether people's personality affects their life spanB)to find out if one's lifestyle has any effect on their healthC)to investigate the role of exercise in living a long lifeD)to examine all the factors contributing to longevity52. What does the author imply about outgoing and sympathetic people?A)They have a good understanding of evolution.B)They are better at negotiating an agreement.C)They generally appear more resourceful.D)They are more likely to get over hardship.53. What finding of the study might prove somewhat out of our expectation?A)Easy-going people can also live a relatively long life.B)Personality characteristics that prove advantageous actually vary with times.C)Such personality characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on longevity.D)Readiness to accept new ideas helps one enjoy longevity.54. What does the recent study of Norwegian mothers show?A)Children's personality characteristics are invariably determined by their mothers.B)People with unhealthy eating habits are likely to die sooner.C)Mothers' influence on children may last longer than fathers'.D)Mothers' negative personality characteristics may affect their children's life spans.55.What can we learn from the findings of the two new studies?A)Anxiety and depression more often than not cut short one's life span.B)Longevity results from a combination of mental and physical health.C)Personality plays a decisive role in how healthy one is.D)Health is in large part related to one's lifestyle.Part IV TranslationDirections:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.功夫（Kong Fu) 是中国武术（martial arts）的俗称。
【2024版】大学英语四级听力考试套题练习及原文解析
可编辑修改精选全文完整版大学英语四级听力考试套题练习及原文解析大学英语四级听力考试套题练习及原文解析Rome wasn't built in a day.work harder and practice more.your hardworking will be rewarded by god one day.god is equal to everyone!以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的大学英语四级听力考试套题练习及原文解析，希望能给大家带来帮助!Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which the best answer is. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.11. A) Get some small change. B) Find a shopping center.C) Cash a check at a bank. D) Find a parking meter.12. A) Shopping with his son. B) Buying a gift for a child.C) Promoting a new product. D) Bargaining with a salesgirl.13. A) Taking photographs. B) Enhancing images.C) Mending cameras. D) Painting pictures.14. A) He moved to Baltimore when he was young.B) He can provide little useful information.C) He will show the woman around Baltimore.D) He will ask someone else to help the woman.15. A) He is rather disappointed. B) He is highly ambitious.C) He can’t face up to the situation D) He knows his own limitation.16. A) She must have paid a lot B) She is known to havea terrific figure.C) Her gym exercise has yielded good results.D) Her effort to keep fit is really praiseworthy.17. A) Female students are unfit for studying physics.B) He can serve as the woman’s tutor.C) Physics is an important course at school.D) The professor’s suggestion is constructive.18. A) Indifferent. B) Doubtful. C) Pleased. D) Surprised.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) He prefers the smaller evening classes. B) He has signed up for a day course.C) He has to work during the day. D) He finds the evening course cheaper.20. A) Learn a computer language. B) Learn data processing.C) Buy some computer software. D) Buy a few coursebooks.21. A) Thursday evening, from 7:00 to 9:45. B) From September 1 to New Year’s eve.C) Every Monday, lasting for 12 weeks. D) Three hours a week,45 hours in total.22. A) What to bring for registration. B) Where to attend the class.C) How he can get to Frost Hall. D) Whether he can use a check.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you havejust heard.23. A) A training coach. B) A trading adviser.C) A professional manager. D) A financial trader.24. A) He can save on living expenses. B) He considers cooking creative.C) He can enjoy healthier food. D) He thinks take-away is tasteless.25. A) It is something inevitable.B) It is frustrating sometimes.C) It takes patience to manage. D) It can be a good thing.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) There were no planets without moons. B) There was no air or water on Jupiter.C) Life was not possible in outer space. D) The mystery of life could not be resolved.27. A) It has a number of active volcanoes. B) It has an atmosphere like the earth’s.C) It has a large ocean under its surface. D) It has deep caves several miles long.28. A) Light is not an essential element to it. B) Life can form in very hot temperatures.C) Every form of life undergoes evolution. D) Oxygen is not needed for some life forms.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) Whether they should take the child home.B) What Dr. Mayer’s instructions exactly were.C) Who should take care of the child at home.D) When the child would completely recover.30. A) She encourages them to ask questions when in doubt.B) She makes them write down all her instructions.C) She has them act out what they are to do at home.D) She asks them to repeat what they are supposed to do.31. A) It lacks the stability of the printed word. B) It contains many grammatical errors.C) It is heavily dependent on the context. D) It facilitates interpePassage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) Job security. B) Good labour relations.C) Challenging work. D) Attractive wages and benefits.33. A) Many tedious jobs continue to be done manually.B) More and more unskilled workers will lose jobs.C) Computers will change the nature of many jobs.D) Boring jobs will gradually be made enjoyable.34. A) Offer them chances of promotion.B) Improve their working conditions.C) Encourage them to compete with each other.D) Give them responsibilities as part of a team.35. A) They will not bring real benefits to the staff.B) They concern a small number of people only.C) They are arbitrarily set by the administrators.D) They are beyond the control of ordinary workers.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上。
2023年12月大学英语四级考试真题
2023年12月大学英语四级考试真题一、听力理解第一节（共5小题）What does the woman ask the man to do?A. Turn the television off.B. Turn the volume down.C. Turn the radio on.Answer: BWhere does the conversation most probably take place?A. At the post office.B. At the bank.C. At the hotel.Answer: CWhat does the man imply about the woman?A. She hasn't been to New York City.B. She needs to find a new job.C. She travels a lot for work.Answer: AHow long has the man been waiting?A. For an hour.B. For half an hour.C. For ten minutes.Answer: BWhat is the woman doing?A. She is looking for her keys.B. She is waiting for someone to arrive.C. She is talking on the phone.Answer: C第二节（共5小题）What is the woman asking the man to do?A. Fix her computer.B. Help her find a job.C. Visit her tomorrow.Answer: AWhat does the man offer to do next?A. Take the woman to the restaurant.B. Prepare dinner for the woman.C. Look for a restaurant on the Internet.Answer: CWhat does the man say about the woman's computer?A. It can't be fixed.B. It needs a software update.C. It needs a new battery.Answer: BWhat does the woman suggest doing after dinner?A. Go for a walk.B. Watch a movie at home.C. Go to a movie theater.Answer: BHow does the woman feel about the man's suggestion?A. Excited.B. Indifferent.C. Annoyed.Answer: A二、阅读理解（由于阅读理解部分通常包含较长的文章和多个问题，以下仅提供部分示例问题的概述）第一篇阅读理解文章示例文章主题：儿童社交技能的发展文章内容概述：儿童社交技能的发展是其成长过程中的重要组成部分，这些技能有助于儿童与他人有效互动并建立健康的关系。
2023年最新大学英语四级真题及答案
2023年12月大学英语四级考试试题Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of What electives to choose. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow:What electives to choose1. 各大学开设了多种各样旳选修课2. 学生由于多种原因选择了不一样旳选修课3. 以你自己为例……Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1 - 7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Universities Branch OutAs never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability.In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering course of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative (合作旳) research programs to advance science forthe benefit of all humanity.Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2023. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America's best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad.Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in summer internships (实习) abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity -- and providing the financial resources to make it possible.Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai's Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculty, postdoctors and graduate students visitregularly and attend videoconference seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xu's Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U. S. team.As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and the integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure (基础设施) and applications software of the 1990s. The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university.For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research-university model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2023, but has risen more slowly than inflation since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year.American politicians have great difficult recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In the wake ofSeptember 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U. S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U. K. Objections from American university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students.Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation's well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fall to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States and -- like immigrants throughout history -- strengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished (珍视) values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students.1. From the first paragraph we know that present-day universities have become ______.A) more popularized than ever beforeB) in-service training organizationsC) a powerful force for global integrationD) more and more research-oriented2. Over the past decades, the enrollment of overseas students has increased ______.A) at an annual rate of 8 percent B) at an annual rate of 3.9 percentC) by 800,000 D) by 2.5 million3. In the United States, how many of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born?A) 38%. B) 10%. C) 30% D) 20%.4. How do Yale and Harvard prepare their undergraduates for global careers?A) They give them chances for international study or internship.B) They arrange for them to participate in the Erasmus program.C) They offer them various courses in international politics.D) They organize a series of seminars on world economy.5. An example illustrating the general trend of universities' globalization is ______.A) Yale's establishing branch campuses throughout the worldB) Yale's student exchange program with European institutionsC) Yale's helping Chinese universities to launch research projectsD) Yale's collaboration with Fudan University on genetic research6. What do we learn about Silicon Valley from the passage?A) It is known to be the birthplace of Microsoft Company.B) It was intentionally created by Stanford University.C) It is where the Internet infrastructure was built up.D) It houses many companies spun off from MIT and Harvard.7. What is said about the U.S. federal funding for research?A) It has increased by 3 percent.B) It doubled between 1998 and 2023.C) It has been unsteady for years.D) It has been more than sufficient.8. The dramatic decline in the enrollment of foreign students in the U. S. after September 11 was caused by _______________________________.9. Many Americans fear that American competitiveness may be threatened by foreign students who will ______________________________.10. The policy of welcoming foreign students can benefit the U. S. in that the very best of them will stay and __________________________________.Part ⅢListening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.11. [A] She used to be in poor health. [C] She was somewhat overweight.[B] She was popular among boys. [D] She didn't do well at high school.12. [A] At the airport. [C] In a hooking office.[B] In a restaurant. [D] At the hotel reception.13. [A] Teaching her son by herself. [C] Asking the teacher for extra help.[B] Having confidence in her son. [D] Telling her son not to worry.14. [A] Have a short break. [C] Continue her work outdoors.[B] Take two weeks off. [D] Go on vacation with the man.15. [A] He is taking care of this twin brother. [C] He is worried about Rod's health.[B] He has been feeling ill all week. [D] He has been in perfect condition.16. [A] she sold all her furniture before she moved house.[B] She still keeps some old furniture in her new house.[C] She plans to put all her old furniture in the basement.[D] She brought a new set of furniture from Italy last month.17. [A] The woman wondered why the man didn't return the book.[B] The woman doesn't seem to know what the book is about.[C] The woman doesn't find the book useful any more.[D] The woman forgot lending the book to the man.18. [A] Most of the man's friends are athletes.[B] Few people share the woman's opinion.[C] The man doesn't look like a sportsman.[D] The woman doubts the man's athletic ability.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. [A] She has packed it in one of her bags. [C] She has probably left it in a taxi.[B] She is going to get it at the airport. [D] She is afraid that she has lost it.20. [A] It ends in winter. [C] It will last one week.[B] It will cost her a lot. [D] It depends on the weather.21. [A] The plane is taking off soon. [C]There might be a traffic jam.[B] The taxi is waiting for them. [D] There is a lot of stuff to pack.22. [A] At home. [C] At the airport.[B] In the man's car. [D] By the side of a taxi.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. [A] She is thirsty for promotion, [C] She is tired o f her present work.[B] She wants a much higher salary. [D] She wants to save travel expenses.24. [A] Translator. [C] Language instructor.[B] Travel agent. [D] Environmental engineer.25. [A] Lively personality and inquiring mind. [C] Devotion and work efficiency.[B] Communication skills and team spirit. [D] Education and experience.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. [A] They care a lot about children. [C] They want to enrich their life experience.[B] They need looking after in their old age. [D] They want children to keep them company.27. [A] They are usually adopted from distant places.[B] Their birth information is usually kept secret.[C] Their birth parents often try to conceal their birth information.[D] Their adoptive parents don't want them to know their birth parents.28. [A] They generally hold bad feelings towards their birth parents.[B] They do not want to hurt the feelings of their adoptive parents.[C] They have mixed feelings about finding their natural parents.[D] They are fully aware of the expenses involved in the search.29. [A] Early adoption makes for closer parent-child relationship.[B] Most people prefer to adopt children from overseas.[C] Understanding is the key to successful adoption.[D] Adoption has much to do with love.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. [A] He suffered from mental illness. [C] He turned a failing newspaper into a success.[B] He bought The Washington Post. [D] He was once a reporter for a major newspaper.31. [A] She was the first woman to lead a big U.S. publishing company.[B] She got her first job as a teacher at the University of Chicago.[C] She committed suicide because of her mental disorder.[D] She took over her father's position when he died.32. [A] People came to see the role of women in the business world.[B] Katharine played a major part in reshaping Americans' mind.[C] American media would be quite different without Katharine.[D] Katharine had exerted an important influence on the world.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. [A] It'll enable them to enjoy the best medical care. [C] It'll protect them from possible financial crises.[B] It'll allow them to receive free medical treatment. [D] It'll prevent the doctors from overcharging them.34. [A] They can't immediately get back the money paid for their medical cost.[B] They have to go through very complicated application procedures.[C] They can only visit doctors who speak their native languages.[D] They may not be able to receive timely medical treatment.35. [A] They don't have to pay for the medical services.[B] They needn't pay the entire medical bill at once.[C] They must send the receipts to the insurance company promptly.[D] They have to pay a much higher price to get an insurance policy.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have jest heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.More and more of the world's population are living in towns or cities. The speed at which cities are growing in the less developed countries is (36) . Between 1920 and 1960 big cities in developed countries (37) two and a half times in size, but in other parts of the world the growth was eight times their size.The (38) size of growth is bad enough, but there are now also very (39) signs of trouble in the (40) of percentages of people living in towns and percentages of people working in industry. During the nineteenth century cities grew as a result of the growth of industry. In Europe, the (41) of people living in cities was always smaller than that of the (42) working in factories. Now, however, the (43) is almostalways true in the newly industrialized world: (44)Without a base of people working in industry, these cities cannot pay for their growth; (45) There has been little opportunity to build water supplies or other facilities. (46) , a growth in the number of hopeless and despairing parents and starving children.Part ⅣReading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.As war spreads to many comers of the globe, children sadly have been drawn into the center of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups of children have been taking part in peace education (47) . The children, after learning to resolve conflicts, took on the (48) of peacemakers. The Children's Movement for Peace in Colombia was even nominated (提名) for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998. Groups of children (49) as peacemakers studied human rights and poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in Bogota known as The Schools of Peace.The classroom (50) opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with (51) , peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step(52) toward becoming peacemakers. Fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are(53) useful when helping children along the path to peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in 1992, provides a Website with resources for teachers and (54) on starting a Kindness Campaign. The WorldCenters of Compassion for Children International call attention to children's rights and how to help the (55) of war. Starting a Peacemakers' Club is a praiseworthy venture for a class and one that could spread to other classrooms and ideally affect the culture of the (56) school.A) victims I) forwardB) technology J) especiallyC) role K) entireD) respectively L) cooperativeE) projects M) comprehensiveF) offers N) assumingG) information O) actingH) imagesSection BDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneIn this age of Internet chat, videogames and reality television, there is no shortage of mindless activities to keep a child occupied. Yet, despite the competition, my 8-yoar-old daughter Rebecca wants to spend her leisure time writing short stories. She wants to enter one of her stories into a writing contest, a competition she won last year.As a writer I know about winning contests, and about losing them. I know what it is like to work hard on a story only to receive a rejection slip from the publisher. I also know the pressures of trying to live up to areputation created by previous victories. What if she doesn't win the contest again? That's the strange thing about being a parent. So many of our own past scars and dashed hopes can surface.A revelation (启示) came last week when I asked her, "Don't you want to win again?" "No," she replied, "I just want to tell the story of an angel going to first grade."I had just spent weeks correcting her stories as she spontaneously ( 自发地) told them. Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall, I offered suggestions for characters, conflicts and endings for her tales. The story about a fearful angel starting first grade was quickly "guided" by me into the tale of a little girl with a wild imagination taking her first music lesson. I had turned her contest into my contest without even realizing it.Staying back and giving kids space to grow is not as easy as it looks. Because I know very little about farm animals who use tools or angels who go to first grade, I had to accept the fact that I was co-opting (借用) my daughter's experience.While stepping back was difficult for me, it was certainly a good first step that I will quickly follow with more steps, putting myself far enough a way to give her room but close enough to help if asked. All the while I will be reminding myself that children need room to experiment, grow and find their own voices.57. What do we learn from the first paragraph?A) A lot of distractions compete for children's time nowadays.B) Children do find lots of fun in many mindless activities.C) Rebecca is much too occupied to enjoy her leisure time.D) Rebecca draws on a lot of online materials for her writing.58. What did the author say about her own writing experience?A) She was constantly under pressure of writing more.B) Most of her stories had been rejected by publishers.C) She did not quite live up to her reputation as a writer.D) Her way to success was full of pains and frustrations.59. Why did Rebecca want to enter this year's writing contest?A) She had won a prize in the previous contest.B) She wanted to share her stories with readers.C) She was sure of winning with her mother's help.D) She believed she possessed real talent for writing.60. The author took great pains to refine her daughter's stories becauseA) she wanted to help Rebecca realize her dreams of becoming a writerB) she was afraid Rebecca's imagination might run wild while writingC) she did not want to disappoint Rebecca who needed her help so muchD) she believed she had the knowledge and experience to offer guidance61. What's the author's advice for parents?A) Children should be given every chance to voice their opinions.B) Parents should keep an eye on the activities their kids engage in.C) Children should be allowed freedom to grow through experience.D) A writing career, though attractive, is not for every child to pursue.Passage TwoBy almost any measure, there is a boom in Internet-based instruction. In just a few years, 34 percent of American universities have begun offering some form of distance leaning (DL), and among the larger schools, it's closer to 90 percent. If you doubt the popularity of the trend, you probably haven't heard of the University ofPhoenix. It grants degrees entirely on the basis of online instruction. It enrolls 90,000 students, a statistic used to support its claim to be the largest private university in the country.While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, DL usually signifies a course in which the instructors post syllabi (课程大纲), reading assignments, and schedules on Websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail. Generally speaking, face-to-face communication with an instructor is minimized or eliminated altogether.The attraction for students might at first seem obvious. Primarily, there's the convenience promised by courses on the Net: you can do the work, as they say, in your pajamas (睡衣). But figures indicate that the reduced effort results in a reduced commitment to the course. While dropout rates for all freshmen at American universities is around 20 percent, the rate for online students is 35 percent. Students themselves seem to understand the weaknesses inherent in the setup. In a survey conducted for eCornell, the DL division of Cornell University, less than a third of the respondents expected the quality of the online course to be as good as the classroom course.Clearly, from the schools' perspective, there's a lot of money to be saved. Although some of the more ambitious programs require new investments in servers and networks to support collaborative software, most DL courses can run on existing or minimally upgraded (升级) systems. The more students who enroll in a course but don't come to campus, the more school saves on keeping the lights on in the classrooms, paying doorkeepers, and maintaining parking lots. And, while there's evidence that instructors must work harder to run a DL course for a variety of reasons, they won't be paid any more, and might well be paid less.62. What is the most striking feature of the University of Phoenix?A) It boasts the largest number of students on campus.B) All its courses are offered online.C) Its online courses are of the best quality.D) Anyone taking its online courses is sure to get a degree.63. According to the passage, distance learning is basically characterized by ______.A) a minimum or total absence of face-to-face instructionB) a considerable flexibility in its academic requirementsC) the great diversity of students' academic backgroundsD) the casual relationship between students and professors64. Many students take Internet-based courses mainly because they can ______.A) save a great deal on traveling and boarding expensesB) select courses from various colleges and universitiesC) work on the required courses whenever and whereverD) earn their academic degrees with much less effort65. What accounts for the high drop-out rates for online students?A) There is no mechanism to ensure that they make the required effort.B) There is no strict control over the academic standards of the courses.C) The evaluation system used by online universities is inherently weak.D) Lack of classroom interaction reduces the effectiveness of instruction.66. According to the passage, universities show great enthusiasm for DL programs for the purpose of ______.A) building up their reputationB) upgrading their teaching facilitiesC) providing convenience for studentsD) cutting down on their expensesPart ⅤCloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.One factor that can influence consumers is their mood state. Mood may be defined (67) a temporary and mild positive or negative feeling that is generalized and not tied (68) any particular circumstance. Moods should be (69) from emotions which are usually more intense, (70) to specific circumstances, and often conscious. (71) one sense, the effect of a consumer's mood can be thought of in (72) the same way as can our reactions to the (73) of our friends -- when our friends are happy and "up", that trends to influence us positively, (74) when they are "down", that can have a (75) impact on us. Similarly, consumers operating under a (76) mood state tend to react to stimuli (刺激原因) in a direction (77) with that mood state. Thus, for example, we should expect to see (78) in a positive mood state evaluate products in more of a (79) manner than they would when not in such a state. (80) , mood states appear capable of (81) a consumer's memory.Moods appear to be (82) influenced by marketing techniques. For example, the rhythm, pitch, and (83) of music has been shown to influence behavior such as the (84) of time spent in supermarkets or (85) to purchase products. In addition, advertising can influence consumers' moods which, in (86) , are capable of influencing consumer' reactions to products.67. A) with B) aboutC) as D) by68. A) up B) toC) under D) over69. A) divided B) derived。
大学英语四级考试试题真题精选全文完整版
可编辑修改精选全文完整版大学英语四级考试试题真题试卷一Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what war said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once: After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you maxi read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is, the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) At the office.B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This conversation is mostlikely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A) “At the office”is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) They went a long way to attend the party.B) They didn’t think much of the food and drinks.C) They knew none of the other guests at the party.D) They enjoyed the party better than the other guests.2. A) To the bookstore.B) To the dentist’s.C) To the market.D) To the post office.3. A) Dr. Andrews has been promoted for his thoroughness.B) She disagrees with Dr. Andrews on many occasions.C) Dr. Andrews used to keep his patients waiting.D) She dislikes Dr. Andrews as much as the new physician.4. A) Tom is usually talkative.B) Tom has a very bad temper.C) Tom has dozens of things to attend to.D) Tom is disliked by his colleagues.5. A) To pickup the woman from the library.B) To make a copy of the schedule for his friend.C) To find out more about the topic for the seminar.D) To get the seminar schedule for the woman.6. A) The woman has to get the textbooks in other ways.B) The woman has sold her used textbooks to the bookstore.C) The man is going to buy his textbooks from a bookstore.D) The man doesn’t want to sell his textbooks to the woman.7. A) Attend a conference.B) Give a speech.C) Meet his lawyer.D) Make a business trip.8. A) Jessie always says what she thinks.B) Jessie seems to have a lot on her mind.C) Jessie is wrong to find fault with her boss.D) Jessie should know the marketing director better.9. A) Helen is talkative.B) Helen is active.C) Helen is sociable.D) Helen is quiet.10.A) Jimmy will regret marrying a Frenchwoman.B) Jimmy is rich enough to buy a big house.C) Jimmy is not serious in making decisions.D) Jimmy’s words are often not reliable.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) It can be used by farmers to protect large buildings.B) It was brought to the northern USA by Asian farmers.C) It has done more harm than good in the southern USA.D) It was introduced into the USA to kill harmful weeds.12. A) People will have to rely on kudzu for a living.B) They will soon be overgrown with kudzu.C) They will become too hard to plough.D) People will find it hard to protect the soil.13. A) The farmers there have brought it under control.B) The factories there have found a good use for it.C) The climate there is unfavorable to its growth.D) The soil there is not so suitable for the plant.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) A business corporation.B) The universe as a whole.C) A society of legal professionals.D) An association of teachers and scholars.15. A) Its largest expansion took place during that period.B) Its role in society went through a dramatic change.C) Small universities combined to form bigger ones.D) Provincial colleges were taken over by larger universities.16. A) Private donations.B) Government funding.C) Grants from corporations.D) Fees paid by students.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) He was wounded in the Spanish civil war.B) He was interested in the study of wild animals.C) He started the organization Heifer International.D) He sold his cows to many countries in the world.18. A) To help starving families to become self-supporting.B) To make plans for the development of poor communities.C) To teach people how to use new skills to raise animals.D) To distribute food to the poor around the world.19. A) They should help other families the way they have been helped.B) They should offer all baby animals to their poor neighbors.C) They should submit a report of their needs and goals.D) They should provide food for the local communities.20. A) It has improved animal breeding skills all over the world.B) It has helped relieve hunger in some developing countries.C) It has promoted international exchange of farming technology.D) It has bridged the gap between the rich and the poor in America.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Passage oneDirections: There are 4 passages in this part, Each passage is followed by some questions at unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on thebest choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Interest in pursuing international careers has soared in recent years, enhanced by chronic (长久的) personnel shortages that are causing companies to search beyond their home borders for talent.Professionals seek career experience outside of their home countries for a variety of reasons. They may feel the need to recharge their batteries with a new challenge. They may want a position with more responsibility that encourages creativity and initiative. Or they may wish to expose their children to another culture, and the opportunity to learn a second language.When applying for a job, one usually has to submit a resume or curriculum vitae (CV). The two terms generally mean the same thing: a one-or two-page document describing one’s educational qualifications and professional experience. However, guidelines for preparing a resume are constantly changing. The best advice is to find out what is appropriate regarding the corporate (公司) culture, the country culture, and the culture of the person making the hiring decision. The challenge will be to embrace two or more cultures in one document. The following list is a good place to start.●“Educational requirements differ from country to country. Inalmost every case of ‘cross-border’job hunting, just stating the title of your degree will not bean adequate description. Provide the reader with details about your studies and any related experience.”●Pay attention to the resume format you use-chronological or reverse-chronological order. Chronological order means listing your ‘oldest’work experience first. Reverse-chronological order means listing your current or most recent experience first. Most countries have preferences about which format is most acceptable. If you find no specific guidelines, the general preference is for the reverse-chronological format.”●If you are submitting your resume in English, find out if the recipient (收件人) uses British English or American English because there are variations between the two versions. For example, university education is often referred to as ‘tertiary education’in the United Kingdom, but this term is almost never used in the United States. A reader who is unfamiliar with these variations may assume that your resume contains errors.21. Companies are hiring more foreign employees because ________.A) they find foreign employees are usually more talentedB) they need original ideas from employees hired overseasC) they want to expand their business beyond home bordersD) they have difficulty finding qualified personnel at home22. The author believes that an individual who applies to work overseas ________.A) is usually creative and full of initiativeB) aims to improve his foreign language skillsC) is dissatisfied with his own life at homeD) seeks either his own or his children’s development23. When it comes to resume writing, it is best to ________.A) take cultural factors into considerationB) learn about the company’s hiring processC) follow appropriate guidelines for job huntingD) know the employer’s personal likes and dislikes24. When writing about qualifications, applicants are advised to ________.A) stress their academic potential to impress the decision makerB) give the title of the university degree they have earned at homeC) provide a detailed description of their study and work experiencesD) highlight their keen interest in pursuing a ‘cross-border’career25. According to the author’s last piece of advice, the applicants should be aware of ________.A) the different educational systems in the US and the UKB) the differences between the varieties of EnglishC) the recipient’s preference with regard to the formatD) the distinctive features of American and British culturesPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Educating girls quite possibly yields a higher rate of return than any other investment available in the developing world. Women’s education may be unusual territory for economists, but enhancing women’s contribution to development is actually as much an economic as a social issue. And economics, with its emphasis on incentives (激励), provides guideposts that point to an explanation for why so many girls are deprived of an education.Parents in low-income countries fail to invest in their daughters because they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family: girls grow up only to marry into somebody else’s family and bear children. Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and art kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school-the prophecy (预言) becomes self-fulfilling, trapping women in a vicious circle (恶性循环) of neglect.An educated mother, on the other hand, has greater earning abilities outside the home and faces an entirely different set of choices.She is likely to have fewer but healthier children and can insist on the development of all her children, ensuring that her daughters are given a fair chance. The education of her daughters then makes it much more likely that the next generation of girls, as well as of boys, will be educated and healthy. The vicious circle is thus transformed into a virtuous circle.Few will dispute that educating women has great social benefits. But it has enormous economic advantages as well. Most obviously, there is the direct effect of education on the wages of female workers. Wages rise by 10 to 20 per cent for each additional year of schooling. Such big returns are impressive by the standard of other available investments, but they are just the beginning. Educating women also has a significant impact on health practices, including family planning.26. The author argues that educating girls in developing countries is ________.A) troublesomeB) labor-savingC) rewardingD) expensive27. By saying “... the prophecy becomes self-fulfilling...”(Lines 45, Para. 2). the author means that ________.A) girls will turn out to be less valuable than boysB) girls will be capable of realizing their own dreamsC) girls will eventually find their goals in life beyond reachD) girls will be increasingly discontented with their life at home28. The author believes that a vicious circle can turn into a virtuous circle when ________.A) women care more about educationB) girls can gain equal access to educationC) a family has fewer but healthier childrenD) parents can afford their daughters’education29. What does the author say about women’s education?A) It deserves greater attention than other social issues.B) It is now given top priority in many developing countries.C) It will yield greater returns than other known investments.D) It has aroused the interest of a growing number of economists.30. The passage mainly discusses ________.A) unequal treatment of boys and girls in developing countriesB) the potential earning power of well-educated womenC) the major contributions of educated women to societyD) the economic and social benefits of educating women。
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最新大学英语四级考试真题汇总最新大学英语四级考试真题汇总
近年来，在全球化的背景下，英语已经成为一种被广泛使用的交流语言。
所以，大学英语四级考试也成为了评估我国大学生英语能力的重要指标之一。
考试不仅考察学生的语法和词汇掌握程度，还要求考生具备阅读、听力、口语和写作的能力。
因此，为了更好地备考，以下是最新大学英语四级考试真题汇总。
一、阅读理解
第一篇：
题目：Homeschooled
文章摘要：有些家庭选择教育孩子，因为他们觉得在学校里看不见孩子的独特才能，这会使孩子们感到失落和挫败。
但是，需要注意的是，家庭教育也要经过严格的备课和规划方能更好地进行。
第二篇：
题目：Living a Virtual Life
文章摘要：虚拟世界已经成为我们生活中的一部分。
人们可以在虚拟现实中做实际上不现实的事情，并结交来自世界各地的朋友。
然而，在崇尚虚拟的世界里，人们可能会忘记真实的生活。
第三篇：
题目：Reducing Air Pollution
文章摘要：空气污染已经成为我们生活中的严重问题。
为了减少空气污染的影响，政府部门应该采取措施降低尾气排放量，同时，个人和企业也应该意识到他们自己的责任。
二、听力理解
第一篇：短对话
题目：A Healthy Lifestyle
短对话摘要：两个人对谈我们如何过健康的生活，包括健身、饮食和睡眠等方面。
第二篇：短对话
题目：The New Shoes
短对话摘要：一个女孩儿在商店里试鞋，但是她找不到自己喜
欢的鞋，于是店员建议她看看网上的鞋子。
第三篇：长对话
题目：Preparing for a Job Interview
长对话摘要：两个人在谈论如何为面试做好准备。
他们讨论时
间表、着装和回答面试问题等方面。
三、写作
第一篇：作文
题目：The Advantages and Disadvantages of Social Media
作文摘要：这篇作文讨论了社交媒体的优点和缺点。
它可以使
人与朋友和家人保持联系，也可以在商业上产生利益。
但是，一
些人过度使用社交媒体，容易造成上瘾，并引发负面的社会影响。
第二篇：完形填空
题目：A Busy Day
文章摘要：这篇文章描述了一个人在一天内的行动。
他的一天要做很多事情，比如和客户见面、打电话、查看邮件、开会等。
第三篇：翻译
题目：翻译一个简单的英文句子
翻译摘要：这篇翻译要求考生将一个简单句子（如"What time is it now?"）准确地翻译成中文。
总之，以上是最新大学英语四级考试的真题汇总。
通过这些例子，可以看出英语四级考试的重点并为备考提供帮助。
希望大家在备考中都能够有所收获。