Test 2答案
Model Test 2听力文本和参考答案
Q: What do we know from the conversation?
Conversation One
W: Can you give me an example?
M: Certainly. One that immediately springs to mind was a Victorian surgeon by the name of Buckland. Being a great animal lover he used to share his house openly with the strangest creatures, including snakes, bears, rats, monkeys and eagles.
M: As far as preparation is concerned, there will never be an end to it.
Q: What does the man imply?
15.
W: Could you spare me a few minutes to go over a letter I have just written? You see I've never written a letter in English before, so I've probably made lots of mistakes.
Conversation Two
W: Now I've got your background. Let's talk about the management trainee scheme. What exactly do you think a manager does?
剑桥雅思真题8-阅读Test 2(附答案)
剑桥雅思真题8-阅读Test 2（附答案）Reading Passage 1You should spend about 20 minutes on QUESTIONS 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.Sheet glass manufacture: the float processGlass, which has been made since the time of the Mesopotamians and Egyptians, is little more than a mixture of sand, soda ash and lime. When heated to about 1500 degrees Celsius (°C) this becomes a molten mass that hardens when slowly cooled. The first successful method for making clear, flat glass involved spinning. This method was very effective as the glass had not touched any surfaces between being soft and becoming hard, so it stayed perfectly unblemished, with a ‘fire finish’. However, the process took a long time and was labour intensive.Nevertheless, demand for flat glass was very high and glassmakers across the world were looking for a method of making it continuously. The first continuous ribbon process involved squeezing molten glass through two hot rollers, similar to an old mangle. This allowed glass of virtually any thickness to be made non-stop, but the rollers would leave both sides of the glass marked, and these would then need to be ground and polished. This part of the process rubbed away around 20 per cent of the glass, and the machines were very expensive.The float process for making flat glass was invented by Alistair Pilkington. This process allows the manufacture of clear, tinted and coated glass for buildings, and clear and tinted glass for vehicles. Pilkington had been experimenting with improving the melting process, and in 1952 he had the idea of using a bed of molten metal to form the flat glass, eliminating altogether the need for rollers within the float bath. The metal had to melt at a temperature less than the hardening point of glass (about 600°C), but could net boil at a temperature below the temperature of the molten glass (about 1500°C). The best metal for the job was tin.The rest of the concept relied on gravity, which guaranteed that the surface of the molten metal was perfectly flat and horizontal. Consequently, when pouring molten glass onto the molten tin, the underside of the glass would also be perfectly flat. If the glass were kept hot enough, it would flow over the molten tin until the top surface was also flat, horizontal and perfectly parallel to the bottom surface. Once the glass cooled to 604°C or less it was too hard to mark and could be transported out of the cooling zone by rollers. The glass settled to a thickness of six millimetres because of surface tension interactions between the glass and the tin. By fortunate coincidence, 60 per cent of the flat glass market at that time was for six- millimetre glass.Pilkington built a pilot plant in 1953 and by 1955 he had convinced his company to build a full-scale plant. However, it took 14 months of non-stop production, costing the company £100,000 a month, before the plant produced any usable glass. Furthermore, once they succeeded in making marketable flat glass, the machine was turned off for a service to prepare it for years of continuous production. When it started up again it took another four months to get the process right again. They finally succeeded in 1959 and there are now float plants all over the world, with each able to produce around 1000 tons of glass every day, non-stop for around 15 years.Float plants today make glass of near optical quality. Several processes -melting, refining,homogenising - take place simultaneously in the 2000 tonnes of molten glass in the furnace. They occur in separate zones in a complex glass flow driven by high temperatures. It adds up to a continuous melting process, lasting as long as 50 hours, that delivers glass smoothly and continuously to the float bath, and from there to a coating zone and finally a heat treatment zone, where stresses formed during cooling are relieved.The principle of float glass is unchanged since the 1950s. However, the product has changed dramatically, from a single thickness of 6.8 mm to a range from sub-millimetre to 25 mm, from a ribbon frequently marred by inclusions and bubbles to almost optical perfection. To ensure the highest quality, inspection takes place at every stage. Occasionally, a bubble is not removed during refining, a sand grain refuses to melt, a tremor in the tin puts ripples into the glass ribbon. Automated on-line inspection does two things. Firstly, it reveals process faults upstream that can be corrected. Inspection technology allows more than 100 million measurements a second to be made across the ribbon, locating flaws the unaided eye would be unable to see. Secondly, it enables computers downstream to steer cutters around flaws.Float glass is sold by the square metre, and at the final stage computers translate customer requirements into patterns of cuts designed to minimise waste.Question 1-8Complete the table and diagram below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes on your answer sheet.Early methods of producing flat glassQuestion 9-13Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 9-13 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage9. The metal used in the float process had to have specific properties.10. Pilkington invested some of his own money in his float plant.11. Pilkington's first full-scale plant was an instant commercial success.12. The process invented by Pilkington has now been improved.puters are better than humans at detecting faults in glass.Reading Passage 2You should spend about 20 minutes on QUESTIONS 14-26 which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.The Little Ice AgeA This book will provide a detailed examination of the Little Ice Age and other climatic shifts, but, before I embark on that, let me provide a historical context. We tend to think of climate - as opposed to weather -as something unchanging, yet humanity has been at the mercy of climate change for its entire existence, with at least eight glacial episodes in the past 730,000 years. Our ancestors adapted to the universal but irregular global warming since the end of the last great Ice Age, around 10,000 years ago, with dazzling opportunism. They developed strategies for surviving harsh drought cycles, decades of heavy rainfall or unaccustomed cold; adopted agriculture and stock-raising, which revolutionized human life; and founded the world's first pre-industrial civilizations in Egypt, Mesopotamia and the Americas. But the price of sudden climate change, in famine, disease and suffering, was often high.B The Little Ice Age lasted from roughly 1300 until the middle of the nineteenth century. Only two centuries ago, Europe experienced a cycle of bitterly cold winters; mountain glaciers in the Swiss Alps were the lowest in-recorded memory, and pack ice surrounded Iceland for much of the year. The climatic events of the Little Ice Age did more than help shape the modern world. They are the deeply important context for the current unprecedented global warming. The Little Ice Age was far from a deep freeze, however; rather an irregular seesaw of rapid climatic shifts, few lasting more than a quarter-century, driven by complex and still little understood interactions between the atmosphere and the ocean. The seesaw brought cycles of intensely cold winters and easterly winds, then switched abruptly to years of heavy spring and early summer rains, mild winters, and frequent Atlantic storms, or to periods of droughts, light northeasterly winds, and summer heat waves.C Reconstructing the climate changes of the past is extremely difficult, because systematic weather observations began only a few centuries ago, in Europe and North America. Records from India and tropical Africa are even more recent. For the time before records began, we have only 'proxy records' reconstructed largely from tree rings and ice cores, supplemented by a few incomplete written accounts. We now have hundreds of tree-ring records from throughout thenorthern hemisphere, and many from south of the equator, too, amplified with a growing body of temperature data from ice cores drilled in Antarctica, Greenland the Peruvian Andes, and other locations. We are close to knowledge of annual summer and winter temperature variations over much of the northern hemisphere going back 600 years.D This book is a narrative history of climatic shifts during the past ten centuries, and some of the ways in which people in Europe adapted to them. Part One describes the Medieval Warm Period, roughly 900 t0 1200. During these three centuries, Norse voyagers from Northern Europe explored northern seas, settled Greenland, and visited North America. It was not a time of uniform warmth, for then, as always since the Great Ice Age, there were constant shifts in rainfall and temperature. Mean European temperatures were about the same as today, perhaps slightly cooler.E It is known that the Little Ice Age cooling began in Greenland and the Arctic in about 1200. As the Arctic ice pack spread southward, Norse voyages to the west were rerouted into the open Atlantic, then ended altogether. Storminess increased in the North Atlantic and North Sea. Colder, much wetter weather descended on Europe between 1315 and 1319, when thousands perished in a continent-wide famine. By 1400, the weather had become decidedly more unpredictable and stormier, with sudden shifts and lower temperatures that culminated in the cold decades of the late sixteenth century. Fish were a vital commodity in growing towns and cities, where food supplies were a constant concern. Dried cod and herring were already the staples of the European fish trade, but changes in water temperatures forced fishing fleets to work further offshore. The Basques, Dutch, and English developed the first offshore fishing boats adapted to a colder and stormier Atlantic. A gradual agricultural revolution in northern Europe stemmed from concerns over food supplies at a time of rising populations. The revolution involved intensive commercial farming and the growing of animal fodder on land not previously used for crops. The increased productivity from farmland made some countries self-sufficient in grain and livestock and offered effective protection against famine.F Global temperatures began to rise slowly after 1850, with the beginning of the Modern Warm Period. There was a vast migration from Europe by land-hungry farmers and others, to which the famine caused by the Irish potato blight contributed, to North America, Australia, New Zealand, and southern Africa. Millions of hectares of forest and woodland fell before the newcomers' axes between 1850 and -1890, as intensive European farming methods expanded across the world. The unprecedented land clearance released vast quantities of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, triggering for the first time humanly caused global warming. Temperatures climbed more rapidly in the twentieth century as the use of fossil fuels proliferated and greenhouse gas levels continued to soar. The rise has been even steeper since the early 1980s. The Little Ice Age has given way to a new climatic regime, marked by prolonged and steady warming. At the same time, extreme weather events like Category 5 hurricanes are becoming more frequent.Question 14-17Reading Passage 2 has seven paragraphs, A-F.Choose the correct heading for paragraphs B and D–F from the list of headings below.write the correct number, i-ix, in boxes 14-17 on your answer sheet.16Paragraph E17 Paragraph FQuestion 18-22Complete the summary using the list of words, A-I, below.Write the correct letter, A-I, in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet.Weather during the Little Ice AgeDocumentation of past weather conditions is limited: our main sources of knowledge of inthedistant past are 18 …………and19 ………… . We can deduce that the Little Ice Age was a time of 20 ………… , rather than of consistent freezing. Within it there were some periods of very cold winters, others of 21 …………and heavy rain, and yet others that saw 22 …………with no rain at all.Question 23-Classify the following events as occurring during theA. Medieval Warm PeriodB. Little Ice AgeC. Modem Warm PeriodWrite the correct letter, A. B or C in boxes 23-26 on your answer sheet.23. Many Europeans started farming abroad.24. The cutting down of trees began to affect the climate.25. Europeans discovered other lands.26. Changes took place in fishing patterns.Reading Passage 3You should spend about 20 minutes on QUESTIONS 27-40 which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.The meaning and power of smellThe sense of smell, or olfaction, is powerful. Odours affect us on a physical, psychological and social level. For the most part, however, we breathe in the aromas which surround us without being consciously aware of their importance to us. It is only when the faculty of smell is impaired for some reason that we begin to realise the essential role the sense of smell plays in our sense of well-being.A A survey conducted by Anthony Synott at Montreal's Concordia University asked participants to comment on how important smell was to them in their lives. It became apparent that smell can evoke strong emotional responses. A scent associated with a good experience can bring a rush of joy, while a foul odour or one associated with a bad memory may make us grimace with disgust. Respondents to the survey noted that many of their olfactory likes and dislikes were based on emotional associations. Such associations can be powerful enough so that odours that we would generally label unpleasant become agreeable, and those that we would generally consider fragrant become disagreeable for particular individuals. The perception of smell, therefore, consists not only of the sensation of the odours themselves, but of the experiences and emotions associated with them.B Odours are also essential cues in social bonding. One respondent to the survey believed that there is no true emotional bonding without touching and smelling a loved one. In fact, infants recognise the odours of their mothers soon after birth and adults can often identify their children or spouses by scent. In one well-known test, women and men were able to distinguish by smell alone clothing worn by their marriage partners from similar clothing worn by other people. Most of the subjects would probably never have given much thought to odour as a cue for identifying family members before being involved in the test, but as the experiment revealed, even when not consciously considered, smells register.C In spite of its importance to our emotional and sensory lives, smell is probably the most undervalued sense in many cultures. The reason often given for the low regard in which smell is held is that, in comparison with its importance among animals, the human sense of smell is feeble and undeveloped. While it is true that the olfactory powers of humans are nothing like as fine as those possessed by certain animals, they are still remarkably acute. Our noses are able to recognisethousands of smells, and to perceive odours which are present only in extremely small quantities.D Smell, however, is a highly elusive phenomenon. Odours, unlike colours, for instance, cannot be named in many languages because the specific vocabulary simply doesn't exist. 'It smells like…., ' we have to say when describing an odour, struggling to express our olfactory experience. Nor can odours be recorded: there is no effective way to either capture or store them over time. In the realm of olfaction, we must make do with descriptions and recollections. This has implications for olfactory research.E Most of the research on smell undertaken to date has been of a physical scientific nature. Significant advances have been made in the understanding of the biological and chemical nature of olfaction, but many fundamental questions have yet to be answered. Researchers have still to decide whether smell is one sense or two -one responding to odours proper and the other registering odourless chemicals in the air. Other unanswered questions are whether the nose is the only part of the body affected by odours, and how smells can be measured objectively given the nonphysical components. Questions like these mean that interest in the psychology of smell is inevitably set to play an increasingly important role for researchers.F However, smell is not simply a biological and psychological phenomenon. Smell is cultural, hence it is a social and historical phenomenon. Odours are invested with cultural values: smells that are considered to be offensive in some cultures may be perfectly acceptable in others. Therefore, our sense of smell is a means of, and model for, interacting with the world. Different smells can provide us with intimate and emotionally charged experiences and the value that we attach to these experiences is interiorised by the members of society in a deeply personal way. Importantly, our commonly held feelings about smells can help distinguish us from other cultures. The study of the cultural history of smell is, therefore, in a very real sense, an investigation into the essence of human culture.Question 27-32Reading Passage 3 has seven paragraphs, A-F.Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.Write the correct number, i-viii, in boxes 27-32 on your answer sheet.28Paragraph B29 Paragraph C30 Paragraph D31 Paragraph E32Paragraph FQuestions 33-36Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in boxes 33-36 on your answer sheet.33 According to the introduction, we become aware of the importance of smell whenA we discover a new smell.B we experience a powerful smell.C our ability to smell is damaged.D we are surrounded by odours.34 The experiment described in paragraph BA shows how we make use of smell without realising it.B demonstrates that family members have a similar smell.C proves that a sense of smell is learnt.D compares the sense of smell in males and females.35 What is the writer doing in paragraph C?A supporting other researchB making a proposalD describing limitations36 What does the writer suggest about the study of smell in the atmosphere in paragraph E?A The measurement of smell is becoming more accurate.B Researchers believe smell is a purely physical reaction.C Most smells are inoffensive.D Smell is yet to be defined.Questions 37-40Complete the sentences below.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 37-40 on your answer sheet.37 Tests have shown that odours can help people recognise the ………… belonging to theirhusbands and wives.38 Certain linguistic groups may have difficulty describing smell because they lack the appropriate ………… .39 The sense of smell may involve response to ………… which do not smell, in addition to obvious odours.40 Odours regarded as unpleasant in certain ………… are not regarded as unpleasant in others.参考答案1 spinning2 (perfectly) unblemished3 labour/labor-intensive4 thickness5 marked6 (molten) glass7 (molten) tin/metal8 rollers9 TRUE10 NOT GIVEN11 FALSE12 TRUE13 TRUE14 ii15 vii16 ix17 iv18&19 (IN EITHER ORDER) C B20A21H22G23C24C25A26B27 viii28 ii29 vi30 i31 iii32 v33C34A35C36D37 clothing38 vocabulary39 chemicals40 cultures。
听说教程1Test1Test2听力原文答案
Test 1Part A1.W:The sports meet will be held on Thursday,Nov.20th.M: You are right. That is the day after tomorrow.Q: What date is today?(a)2.W: The train is leaving in half an hour.M: Yes, it is a quarter to ten now.Q: When will the train leave?(c)3.W: Do you like Professor Zhang’s classes?M:I never miss her class, you know.Q: What do you learn from the conversation?(c)4.M: Well, what did you think of the party?W: I don’t know why I let you talk me into going. I felt quite our of place there.Q: What do you learn from the conversation?(b)5.M: Chen Lin has a great sense of humor, doesn’t she?W:I couldn’t agree more.Q: What can you learn from the conversation?(d)6.M: I was surprised that Laura and David have become good friends.W: I know. They didn’t use to get along well, did they?Q: What do you know about Laura and David from the conversation?(d)7.W:I need to advertise for a roommate for next semester.M: Why bother? Sandy is interested.Q: What does the man mean?(b)8. W: Do you really mean you want to quit the job?M: well, May be I’d better give it a second thought.Q: What is the man going to do?(d)Part BDirections: You’ll hear two conversations. Each will be read once. Listen carefully and choose the right answers to the questions you hear. (7 points)Conversation 1M: Good morning, Susan. How’s it going?W: Pretty good, Bill. How about you?M: Oh, I’m OK. I have to teach five classes today, so I’m really busy. How is that English class you’re teaching?W: It’s going really well. I have a great class this year. I’ve got 30 students, and most of them are putting a lot of time into their work.M: That’s great. I love to teach English. Right now I’m only teaching history, but I hope I can teach English next year.W: Well, it can be a lot of fun when the students want to learn.M: Yes, you’re right. Oh, I’ve got a class in a few minutes. I’ve got to get going. Have a good morning.W: All right, you too. Bye.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversations you’ve just heard.9.What is this conversations mainly about?(a)10. How many classes does the man teach today? (c)11. What do you know about the man? (b)12. What does the woman say about her students? (d)Conversation 2M: Hello, Lena.W: Hi, Kurt. It’s be a long time since I saw you last. Don’t you live in the dorm any more?M: No, I’ve moved out.W: Where are you living now?M: I moved to a new apartment near the school. I’m sharing a unit with 3 other people, one from Brazil, one from Japan and from China.W: Sounds interesting. How are you getting along with your roommates?W: Generally everything is working out just fine. They all share the cooking and I do the shopping since I have a car. But we’ve had a few other problems.W: Like what?M: Well, one was that we got confuse d when the first month’s phone bill came.W: What happened?M: We couldn’t remember how many calls each of us had made, so we didn’t know how much each person owed. After a lot of discussion, we ended up paying for the calls we were sure of and dividing the equally.Now we all jot down the number whenever we make a call, especially the long distance calls. Now we have no telephone problems.W: Hope it stays that way.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversations you’ve just heard.13. Where did the man live before? (b)14. Where do two of the man’s roommates come from? (c)15. What problems did the roommates have? (d)Part CDirection: Listen to the passage three and fill in the blank with the missing word.(10 points) Listening is an important language skill. We must acquire this skill for success and enjoyment throughout our lives. Just think how much time we spend every day listening. We listen to the radio, television programs, concerts, tapes and disks. We also listen to teachers, friends, our family members and other people. The better we listen, the more we will succeed in our work and study.Listening is basically the understanding of words and the relationship between sentences. Bad listeners only listen to separate words and separate sentences. The try to understand every word and every sentence. This is impossible even when we listen in our own language. A good student will constantly examine his listening habits so that he can find out his strengths and weaknesses. In this way he can improve his listening skills.Part DDirections: You are going to hear three passages. Each will be read once. Listen carefully and choose the right answers to the questions you hear.(10 points)Passage 1Mr.and Mrs. Green were going abroad for their holidays. They had a dog called Blackie which they were very fond of, but they could not take him abroad with them, so they wanted to look for a good place to leave him while they were away. First they asked their neighbour Mrs. White for help. Then they called their colleague Mr. Black. But both of them said they would not be able to take Blackie. At last they found a dog care center which looked after dogs while their owners were away. The couple took Blackie there just before they left for their holiday, and sadly said goodbye to him.At the end of their holiday, they got back to England very late at night, and as they thought the center might be closed at that late hour, they decoded to wait until the next day before going to get Blackie. So the next morning Mr. Green got into his car and drove off happily to collect him. When he reached home with the dog, he said to his wife, “Do you know, dear, I don’t think Blackie can have enjoyed his time at the center very much. He barked all the way home in the car as if he wanted to tell me something.”Mrs. Green looked at the dog carefully and then answered,”You’re quite right, dear. He was certainly trying to tell you something. But he wasn’t trying to tell you that he hadn’t enjoyed his stay. He was only trying to t ell you that you were bringing the wrong dog home. This isn’t Blackie!”Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you’ve just heard.26.What do you know about Mr, Green? c27.Where did Mr. and Mrs. Green leave Blackie while they were on holiday? d28.When did they come back from holiday? c29.Why did the dog bark all the way home? cPassage 2Barbara, a night duty nurse in the local hospital, was driving home in stormy weather. The road was icy and she had to drive very carefully. Suddenly she noticed that the car ahead of her had lost control on a patch of ice. In a minute, the car moved wildly, rolled over and then crashed sideways into a telephone pole.It was an emergency, Barbara realized at once. She stopped her car and threw open the door. Thank goodness she was a nurse--she might be able to help. Without delay, she ran towards thecrash site. It was worse than she’d feared. Two girls of hight-school age were in the car. One, on the passenger seat, had been killed instantly. The driver, however, was still breathing. She was unconscious though. Barbara quickly applied pressure to the wound in the teenager’s head while her nurse’s eye took in the other injuries -- a broken leg, maybe two, along with probable internal bleeding. But if help came soon the girl might remain alive.Meanwhile ,a truck had pulled up and the driver was calling for help on his cell phone. Soon Barbara heard the ambulance coming.A few moments later, rescue workers arrived. “Good job,” one said as he examined the girl’s wounds. “You’ve probably saved her life.”Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you’ve just heard.30.How were the weather and road conditions when the accident happened? d31.What did Barbara do to deal with the emergency? b32.What can we conclude from the story?dPassage 3Tow years ago I entered university. I was not excited but depressed.One reason was that the campus was not so large and so beautiful as I expected. Also I found many books in the library were out of date. Moreover, I was told that the job prospects of university graduates were not so promising.The other reason was that, although I was acquainted with a great number of new classmates, I feel uncomfortable communicating with them.Eventually I became silent. I seldom entered conversations with others. I was in low spirits. I didn’t truly know myself. At the end of the first semester I surprisingly found I did a poor job in the exams of almost all subjects. It was really a great shock to me.Then I decided to pluck up my courage and change my thinking, Now I spend several hours a day in the library to obtain new knowledge. I know that knowledge acquisition is very important to university students. I keep informed of what is going on in the world. I’ve also learned to help and care for others. I’m no w lively and self-confident. I believe that my future is bright. Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you’ve just heard.33.How did the speaker feel when she entered university?c34.What was one of the reasons why the speaker didn’t like her university?d35.What can you learn about the speaker?cTest 2Part ADirections: You are going to hear eight short conversations between two speakers. Each will be read only once. After each conversation, a question will be asked what you are heard. Listen carefully and choose the right answer to the question you hear. (8points)1.W:We are planning a trip to Hainan Island this winter vacation. Want to join us? (C)M: I would love to, but I will be working full-time in a restaurant.Q: What will the man do during the winter holidays?2.W: How much are these notebooks? (B)M: They used to be 90centseach but now it is 1dollar and 50cents for two.Q: How much will the woman pay if she buys two notebooks?3.W: Why did not you call me last night Peter? (C)M: I did .But your line was always busy.Q: What does the man mean?4.W: Excuse me, Professor Davis, could I talk to you about my paper now? (D)M: I have a class in a few minutes. Why don not you come to my office after3tomorrow afternoon?Q: When will the woman see the professor?5.M: Can I open savings account here? (A)W: I am sorry, you will have to step over to the managers desk.Q: What does the woman imply?6.M:The supermarket down the street is selling everything half price.(D)W: Sounds like an idea time to buy some groceries.Q: What does the woman mean?7.W: Lots of people enjoy listening to pop songs. (C)M: But that is the last thing I would ever want to do.Q: What does the man mean?8.W: Some people are always after large, short-term profits. And they become victims offinancial tricks. (A)M: Well, they should know that if something seems too good to be true ,it probably is.Q: What does the man think people should know?Part BDirections: You will hear two conversations. Each will be read once. Listen carefully and choose the right answers to the question you hear. (7 points)Conversations 1M: Are you feeling OK, Jane? You look pretty tired.W: Yeah, you are right, Mike. My sister and I had a birthday party for my brother last night. I didn’t get much sleep.M: Where did you have the party?W: It was at my aunt’s house. Then right after the party, I had to start a history paper that was due first thing this morning. I was kind of nervous because the professor said he wouldn’t accept any late papers.M: I don’t know how you do it. I can’t handle a pressure situation like that.W: Well, anyway I’ve turned the paper in, and now I’m going home to bed. See you later. Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversations you’ve just heard.9.Who had a party ?(a)10.What was Jane do after the party ?(b)11.Why was Jane nervous ?(d)12.What does the man say that he is unable to do ?(b)Conversation 2W: Hi, Ed. Are you in town for another job interview?M: Yes, I’m pretty hopeful this time .I’ve just finished my second interview with thiscompany.W: That sounds great. I hope it works out for you. But wasn’t it expensive just getting here?M: No, in fact the company is paying all my expenses. They’ve put me up in a hoteldowntown.W: How nice! How many people are they interview?M: Well, they interviewed 16 the first time, and then four of us were chosen to come back for this interview.W: It sounds like you have a good chance to be selected then.M: I hope so. The manager told me he would call us on Monday.W: Well, I hope it goes well. Jo hn and I would love it if you’d come to this area to work.M: I would too. But my girlfriend doesn’t want to leave her family. She hopes I find a jobclose to home.W: Oh dear, what a decision.M: I’m trying to convince her of how good it is to live here. But anyway, I have to wait until Monday to find out whether I even have the chance.W: Good luck.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversations you’ve just heard.13.How does the man seem to feel after the interview?(d)14.How many people have been asked for a second interview?(b)15.What does the man’s girlfriend want?(d)Part cDirections: Listen to the passage three times and fill in the blanks with the missing words.(10points)Everyone knows the value of money. If you have a lot of money, you can make yourself very comfortable by having a fine house to live in, fashionable clothes to wear and delicious food to eat. With money you can do whatever you like. Money is so important and so useful that people are naturally keen on possessing it.But money can also be a source of evil. For the sake of money, some do not care about their means of getting it. They will steal, gamble, cheat and even kill to get money, profiting at the expense of their victims.It is true that money can bring people happiness. With money the basic necessities can be provided for. With money the theatre and other places of entertainment can be enjoyed. But in my opinion the truly happy are those who make money through their work and live with their income. In short, money is important and useful but in itself it has little value if it does not give people real happiness.Part DDirections: You are going to hear three passages. Each will be read once. Listen carefully and choose the right answers to the questions you hear.(10 points)Passage 1Nicholas Mac Mahon is a four-year-old child. He is studying at college because he is too intelligent for school. Nicholas has computer lessons at the West London Institute. He spoke well before he was one year old. At eighteen months he took telephone messages for his parents. At the age of two he began to learn French. The strange thing about Nicholas is that he taught himself to read before he could speak. His father said,“We knew immediately that he could read. When he could speak, he corrected my spelling.” When Nicholas went to school, his teachers just gave him pictures to color and toys to play with and didn’t have time to prepare special lessons for him. Nicholas tried two different schools, but he was bored and unhappy. Then his parents dec ided that he couldn’t stay at an ordinary school. But they had no idea what to do with him. Then the West London Institute offered to help. Nicholas spends some of his time there, and also studies at home. Now he reads newspapers every day, and he play the violin well. His father said, “Nicholas is our life. He is a clever child and we want to help him in every way.”Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you’ve just heard.26. Which adjective can best describe Nicholas? (b)27. When did Nicholas learn to take telephone messages for his parents? (c)28. What is Nicholas studying at college? (c)29. Which of the following is true about Nicholas? (d)Passage 2Tom Johnson came to London from Scotland to start a new job as a hotel porter. He had rented a flat and was enjoying a simple but good life in London.However, it all ended suddenly when he because jobless and couldn’t pay the rent. Tom had to leave his rented home and found himself alone in a big city with no money or friends. After that, he had to beg for money in busy streets and sleep in parks. It was a sad and dangerous life indeed.Then one day his luck changed. He came across a man named Johnny Reid who opened a hotel and needed a porter. Johnny felt sorry for Tom and decided to give him a job as a porter and a room at his hotel.Tom was so excited. He said, “It’s nice to know that there are still kind people in the world. It is Johnny’s Kindness that saved me. Actually that’s a lesson for everyone. Some people think homeless people are lazy. W hy should we help them? Actually we don’t want to live on the streets, but we’re totally helpless. It’s so unpleasant especially when it’s cold and wet outside. So don’t be afraid to help someone in trouble. And please, don’t be rude or nasty to homeless people.”Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you’ve just heard.30. What happened when Tom lost his job? (c)31. Who is Johnny Reid? (c)32. What’s tom’s advice? (d)Passage 3There’s a lot of to learn about shopping. In my opinion not everyone is a good shopper. Some people spend a lot of time and money but bring back something not worth price they paid for it. Thus quarrels occur between husband and wives. So try to be a smart shopper.Here are some tips.First of all, before you go shopping, make a list of things that you are going to buy. It saves you time and keeps you from forgetting something.Secondly, try to locate where you can buy these things and find our prices. To do this, you can buy a local newspaper and read th e “sale” section in the classified advertisements. Once you’ve found something that you want, call the store immediately and make sure that’s still there. Cheap things and things of value usually sell very quickly. So try to be the first one to reach the seller.Thirdly, compare the prices of the same product in different stores, either by telephoningor visiting them.Lastly, it’s generally cheaper to shop in chain stores and supermarkets, Shops that remain open until quite late may charge rather higher prices in return for their longer hours for service.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you’ve just heard.33.What does the passage mainly tell us?(b)34.What does the speaker say we should do first before shopping?(d)35.Where can we buy things cheap according to the passage?(c)。
剑桥雅思真题7-阅读Test 2(附答案)
剑桥雅思真题7-阅读Test 2（附答案）Reading Passage 1You should spend about 20 minutes on QUESTIONS 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.Why pagodas don’t fall downIn a land swept by typhoons and shaken by earthquakes, how have Japan's tallest and seemingly flimsiest old buildings - 500 or so wooden pagodas - remained standing for centuries? Records show that only two have collapsed during the past 1400 years. Those that have disappeared were destroyed by fire as a result of lightning or civil war. The disastrous Hanshin earthquake in 1995 killed 6,400 people, toppled elevated highways, flattened office blocks and devastated the port area of Kobe. Yet it left the magnificent five-storey pagoda at the Toji temple in nearby Kyoto unscathed, though it levelled a number of buildings in the neighbourhood.Japanese scholars have been mystified for ages about why these tall, slender buildings are so stable. It was only thirty years ago that the building industry felt confident enough to erect office blocks of steel and reinforced concrete that had more than a dozen floors. With its special shock absorbers to dampen the effect of sudden sideways movements from an earthquake, the thirty-six-storey Kasumigaseki building in central Tokyo -Japan's first skyscraper -was considered a masterpiece of modern engineering when it was built in 1968.Yet in 826, with only pegs and wedges to keep his wooden structure upright, the master builder Kobodaishi had no hesitation in sending his majestic Toji pagoda soaring fifty-five metres into the sky - nearly half as high as the Kasumigaseki skyscraper built some eleven centuries later. Clearly, Japanese carpenters of the day knew a few tricks about allowing a building to sway and settle itself rather than fight nature's forces. But what sort of tricks?The multi-storey pagoda came to Japan from China in the sixth century. As in China, they were first introduced with Buddhism and were attached to important temples. The Chinese built their pagodas in brick or stone, with inner staircases, and used them in later centuries mainly as watchtowers. When the pagoda reached Japan, however, its architecture was freely adapted to local conditions - they were built less high, typically five rather than nine storeys, made mainly of wood and the staircase was dispensed with because the Japanese pagoda did not have any practical use but became more of an art object. Because of the typhoons that batter Japan in the summer, Japanese builders learned to extend the eaves of buildings further beyond the walls. This prevents rainwater gushing down the walls. Pagodas in China and Korea have nothing like the overhang that is found on pagodas in Japan.The roof of a Japanese temple building can be made to overhang the sides of the structure by fifty per cent or more of the building's overall width. For the same reason, the builders of Japanese pagodas seem to have further increased their weight by choosing to cover these extended eaves not with the porcelain tiles of many Chinese pagodas but with much heavier earthenware tiles.But this does not totally explain the great resilience of Japanese pagodas. Is the answer that, like a tall pine tree, the Japanese pagoda - with its massive trunk-like central pillar known as shinbashira - simply flexes and sways during a typhoon or earthquake? For centuries, many thought so. But the answer is not so simple because the startling thing is that the Shinbashira actually carries noload at all. In fact, in some pagoda designs, it does not even rest on the ground, but is suspended from the top of the pagoda - hanging loosely down through the middle of the building. The weight of the building is supported entirely by twelve outer and four inner columns.And what is the role of the shinbashira, the central pillar? The best way to understand the Shinbashira's role is to watch a video made by Shuzo Ishida, a structural engineer at Kyoto Institute of Technology. Mr. Ishida, known to his students as 'Professor Pagoda' because of his passion to understand the pagoda, has built a series of models and tested them on a 'shake- table' in his laboratory. In short, the Shinbashira was acting like an enormous stationary pendulum. The ancient craftsmen, apparently without the assistance of very advanced mathematics, seemed to grasp the principles that were, more than a thousand years later, applied in the construction of Japan's first skyscraper. What those early craftsmen had found by trial and error was that under pressure a pagoda's loose stack of floors could be made to slither to and fro independent of one another. Viewed from the side, the pagoda seemed to be doing a snake dance -with each consecutive floor moving in the opposite direction to its neighbours above and below. The shinbashira, running up through a hole in the centre of the building, constrained individual storeys from moving too far because, after moving a certain distance, they banged into it, transmitting energy away along the column.Another strange feature of the Japanese pagoda is that, because the building tapers, with each successive floor plan being smaller than the one below, none of the vertical pillars that carry the weight of the building is connected to its corresponding pillar above. In other words, a five- storey pagoda contains not even one pillar that travels right up through the building to carry the structural loads from the top to the bottom. More surprising is the fact that the individual storeys of a Japanese pagoda, unlike their counterparts elsewhere, are not actually connected to each other. They are simply stacked one on top of another like a pile of hats. Interestingly, such a design would not be permitted under current Japanese building regulations.And the extra-wide eaves? Think of them as a tightrope walker's balancing pole. The bigger the mass at each end of the pole, the easier it is for the tightrope walker to maintain his or her balance. The same holds true for a pagoda. 'With the eaves extending out on all sides like balancing poles,' says Mr Ishida, 'the building responds to even the most powerful jolt of an earthquake with a graceful swaying, never an abrupt shaking.' Here again, Japanese master builders of a thousand years ago anticipated concepts of modern structural engineering.Question 1-4Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet, writeYES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writerNO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this1. Only two Japanese pagodas have collapsed in 1400 years.2. The Hanshin earthquake of 1995 destroyed the pagoda at the Toji temple.3. The other buildings near the Toji pagoda had been built in the last 30 years.4. The builders of pagodas knew how to absorb some of the power produced by severe weather conditions.Question 5-10Classify the following as typical ofA. both Chinese and Japanese pagodasB. only Chinese pagodasC. only Japanese pagodasWrite the correct letter, A, B or C, in boxes 5-10 on your answer sheet.5. easy interior access to top6. tiles on eaves7. use as observation post8. size of eaves up to half the width of the building9. original religious purpose10. floors fitting loosely over each otherQuestion 11-13Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in boxes 11-13 on your answer sheet.11. In a Japanese pagoda, the shinbashiraA. bears the full weight of the building.B. bends under pressure like a tree.C. connects the floors with the foundations.D. stops the floors moving too far.12. Shuzo Ishida performs experiments in order toA. improve skyscraper design.B. be able to build new pagodas.C. learn about the dynamics of pagodas.D. understand ancient mathematics.13. The storeys of a Japanese pagoda areA. linked only by wood.B. fastened only to the central pillar.C. fitted loosely on top of each other.D. joined by special weights.Reading Passage 2You should spend about 20 minutes on QUESTIONS 14-26 which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.The True Cost of FoodA For more than forty years the cost of food has been rising. It has now reached a point where a growing number of people believe that it is far too high, and that bringing it down will be one of the great challenges of the twenty first century. That cost, however, is not in immediate cash. In the west at least, most food is now far cheaper to buy in relative terms than it was in 1960. The cost is in the collateral damage of the very methods of food production that have made the food cheaper: in the pollution of water, the enervation of soil, the destruction of wildlife, the harm to animal welfare and the threat to human health caused by modern industrial agriculture.B First mechanisation, then mass use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides, then monocultures, then battery rearing of livestock, and now genetic engineering -the onward march of intensive farming has seemed unstoppable in the last half-century, as the yields of produce have soared. But the damage it has caused has been colossal. In Britain, for example, many of our best-loved farmland birds, such as the skylark, the grey partridge, the lapwing and the corn bunting, have vanished from huge stretches of countryside, as have even more wild flowers and insects. This is a direct result of the way we have produced our food in the last four decades. Thousands of miles of hedgerows, thousands of ponds, have disappeared from the landscape. The faecal filth of salmon farming has driven wild salmon from many of the sea lochs and rivers of Scotland. Natural soil fertility is dropping in many areas because of continuous industrial fertiliser and pesticide use, while the growth of algae is increasing in lakes because of the fertiliser run-off.C Put it all together and it looks like a battlefield, but consumers rarely make the connection at the dinner table. That is mainly because the costs of all this damage are what economists refer to as externalities: they are outside the main transaction, which is for example producing and selling a field of wheat, and are borne directly by neither producers nor consumers. To many, the costs may not even appear to be financial at all, but merely aesthetic - a terrible shame, but nothing to do with money. And anyway they, as consumers of food, certainly aren't paying for it, are they?D But the costs to society can actually be quantified and, when added up, can amount to staggering sums. A remarkable exercise in doing this has been carried out by one of the world's leading thinkers on the future of agriculture, Professor Jules Pretty, Director of the Centre for Environment and Society at the University of Essex. Professor Pretty and his colleagues calculated the externalities of British agriculture for one particular year. They added up the costs of repairing the damage it caused, and came up with a total figure of ￡2,343m. This is equivalent to ￡208 for every hectare of arable land and permanent pasture, almost as much again as the total government and EU spend on British farming in that year. And according to Professor Pretty, it was a conservative estimate.E The costs included: ￡120m for removal of pesticides; ￡16m for removal of nitrates; ￡55m for removal of phosphates and soil; ￡23m for the removal of the bug cryptosporidium from drinking water by water companies; ￡125m for damage to wildlife habitats, hedgerows and dry stone walls; ￡1,113m from emissions of gases likely to contribute to climate change; ￡106m from soil erosion and organic carbon losses; ￡169m from food poisoning; and ￡607m from cattle disease. Professor Pretty draws a simple but memorable conclusion from all this: our food bills are actually threefold. We are paying for our supposedly cheaper food in three separate ways: once over the counter, secondly through our taxes, which provide the enormous subsidies propping up modern intensive farming, and thirdly to clean up the mess that modern farming leaves behind.F So can the true cost of food be brought down? Breaking away from industrial agriculture asthe solution to hunger may be very hard for some countries, but in Britain, where the immediate need to supply food is less urgent, and the costs and the damage of intensive farming have been clearly seen, it may be more feasible. The government needs to create sustainable, competitive and diverse farming and food sectors, which will contribute to a thriving and sustainable rural economy, and advance environmental, economic, health, and animal welfare goals.G But if industrial agriculture is to be replaced, what is a viable alternative? Professor Pretty feels that organic farming would be too big a jump in thinking and in practices for many farmers. Furthermore, the price premium would put the produce out of reach of many poorer consumers. He is recommending the immediate introduction of a ‘Greener Food Standard', which would push the market towards more sustainable environmental practices than the current norm, while not requiring the full commitment to organic production. Such a standard would comprise agreed practices for different kinds of farming, covering agrochemical use, soil health, land management, water and energy use, food safety and animal health. It could go a long way, he says, to shifting consumers as well as farmers towards a more sustainable system of agriculture.Question 14-17Reading Passage 2 has seven paragraphs, A-G.Which paragraph contains the following information?Write the correct letter, A-G, in boxes 14-17 on your answer sheet.NB You may use any letter more than once.14. a cost involved in purifying domestic water15. the stages in the development of the farming industry16. the term used to describe hidden costs17. one effect of chemicals on water sourcesQuestion 18-21Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 2?In boxes 18-21 on your answer sheet, writeYES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writerNO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this18. Several species of wildlife in the British countryside are declining.19. The taste of food has deteriorated in recent years.20. The financial costs of environmental damage are widely recognised.21. One of the costs calculated by Professor Pretty was illness caused by food.Question 22-26Complete the summary below.Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 22-26 on your answer sheet.Professor Pretty concludes that our 22 …………are higher than most people realise, because we make three different types of payment. He feels it is realistic to suggest that Britain should reduce its reliance on 23 ………… .Although most farmers would be unable to adapt to 24 …………, Professor Pretty wants thegovernment to initiate change by establishing what he refers to as a 25 ………… . He feels this would help to change the attitudes of both 26 ………… and………… .Reading Passage 3You should spend about 20 minutes on QUESTIONS 27-40 which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.Makete Integrated Rural Transport ProjectSection AThe disappointing results of many conventional road transport projects in Africa led some experts to rethink the strategy by which rural transport problems were to be tackled at the beginning of the 1980s. A request for help in improving the availability of transport within the remote Makete District of south- western Tanzania presented the opportunity to try a new approach.The concept of ‘integrated rural transport' was adopted in the task of examining the transport needs of the rural households in the district. The objective was to reduce the time and effort needed to obtain access to essential goods and services through an improved rural transport system. The underlying assumption was that the time saved would be used instead for activities that would improve the social and economic development of the communities. The Makete Integrated Rural Transport Project (MIRTP) started in 1985 with financial support from the Swiss Development Corporation and was co-ordinated with the help of the Tanzanian government.Section BWhen the project began, Makete District was virtually totally isolated during the rainy season. The regional road was in such bad shape that access to the main towns was impossible for about three months of the year. Road traffic was extremely rare within the district, and alternative means of transport were restricted to donkeys in the north of the district. People relied primarily on the paths, which were slippery and dangerous during the rains.Before solutions could be proposed, the problems had to be understood. Little was known about the transport demands of the rural households, so Phase Ⅰ, between December 1985 and December 1987, focused on research. The socio-economic survey of more than 400 households in the district indicated that a household in Makete spent, on average, seven hours a day on transporting themselves and their goods, a figure which seemed extreme but which has also been obtained in surveys in other rural areas in Africa. Interesting facts regarding transport were found: 95% was on foot; 80% was within the locality; and 70% was related to the collection of water and firewood and travelling to grinding mills.Section CHaving determined the main transport needs, possible solutions were identified which might reduce the time and burden. During Phase Ⅱ, from January to February 1991, a number of approaches were implemented in an effort to improve mobility and access to transport.An improvement of the road network was considered necessary to ensure the import and export of goods to the district. These improvements were carried out using methods that were heavily dependent on labour. In addition to the improvement of roads, these methods provided training in the operation of a mechanical workshop and bus and truck services. However, the difference from the conventional approach was that this time consideration was given to local transport needs outside the road network.Most goods were transported along the paths that provide short-cuts up and down the hillsides, but the paths were a real safety risk and made the journey on foot even more arduous. It made sense to improve the paths by building steps, handrails and footbridges.It was uncommon to find means of transport that were more efficient than walking but less technologically advanced than motor vehicles. The use of bicycles was constrained by their high cost and the lack of available spare parts. Oxen were not used at all but donkeys were used by a few households in the northern part of the district. MIRTP focused on what would be most appropriate for the inhabitants of Makete in terms of what was available, how much they could afford and what they were willing to accept. After careful consideration, the project chose the promotion of donkeys -a donkey costs less than a bicycle-and the introduction of a locally manufacturable wheelbarrow.Section DAt the end of Phase Ⅱ, it was clear that the selected approaches to Makete's transport problems had had different degrees of success. Phase Ⅲ, from March 1991 to March 1993, focused on the refinement and institutionalisation of these activities.The road improvements and accompanying maintenance system had helped make the district centre accessible throughout the year. Essential goods from outside the district had become more readily available at the market, and prices did not fluctuate as much as they had done before. Paths and secondary roads were improved only at the request of communities who were willing to participate in construction and maintenance. However, the improved paths impressed the inhabitants, and requests for assistance greatly increased soon after only a few improvements had been completed.The efforts to improve the efficiency of the existing transport services were not very successful because most of the motorised vehicles in the district broke down and there were no resources to repair them. Even the introduction of low-cost means of transport was difficult because of the general poverty of the district. The locally manufactured wheelbarrows were still too expensive for all but a few of the households. Modifications to the original design by local carpenters cut production time and costs. Other local carpenters have been trained in the new design so that they can respond to requests. Nevertheless, a locally produced wooden wheelbarrow which costs around 5000 Tanzanian shillings (less than US$20) in Makete, and is about one quarter the cost of a metal wheelbarrow, is still too expensive for most people.Donkeys, which were imported to the district, have become more common and contribute, in particular, to the transportation of crops and goods to market. Those who have bought donkeys are mainly from richer households but, with an increased supply through local breeding, donkeys should become more affordable. Meanwhile, local initiatives are promoting the renting out of the existing donkeys.It should be noted, however, that a donkey, which at 20,000 Tanzanian shillings costs less than a bicycle, is still an investment equal to an average household's income over half a year. This clearly illustrates the need for supplementary measures if one wants to assist the rural poor.Section EIt would have been easy to criticise the MIRTP for using in the early phases a’top-down' approach, in which decisions were made by experts and officials before being handed down to communities, but it was necessary to start the process from the level of the governmental authorities of thedistrict.It would have been difficult to respond to the requests of villagers and other rural inhabitants without the support and understanding of district authorities.Section FToday, nobody in the district argues about the importance of improved paths and inexpensive means of transport. But this is the result of dedicated work over a long period, particularly from the officers in charge of community development. They played an essential role in raising awareness and interest among the rural communities.The concept of integrated rural transport is now well established in Tanzania, where a major program of rural transport is just about to start. The experiences from Makete will help in this initiative, and Makete District will act as a reference for future work.Question 27-30Reading Passage 3 has seven paragraphs, A-FChoose the correct heading for paragraphs B, C, E and F from the list of headings below.Write the correct number, i-xi, in boxes 27-30 on your answer sheet.28 Section C30 Section FQuestion 31-35Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 3?In boxes 31-35 on your answer sheet, writeYES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writerNO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this31. MIRTP was divided into five phases.32. Prior to the start of MIRTP the Makete district was almost inaccessible during the rainy season.33. Phase I of MIRTP consisted of a survey of household expenditure on transport.34. The survey concluded that one-fifth or 20% of the household transport requirement as outside the local area.35. MIRTP hoped to improve the movement of goods from Makete district to the country's capital. Question 36-39Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-J, below.Write the correct letter, A-J, into boxes 36-39 on your answer sheet.36 Construction of footbridges, steps and handrails37 Frequent breakdown of buses and trucks in Makete38 The improvement of secondary roads and paths39 The isolation of Makete for part of the yearChoose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in box 40 on your answer sheet.40. Which of the following phrases best describes the main aim of Reading Passage 3?A. to suggest that projects such as MIRTP are needed in other countriesB. to describe how MIRTP was implemented and how successful it wasC. to examine how MIRTP promoted the use of donkeysD. to warn that projects such as MIRTP are likely to have serious problems参考答案1 YES2 NO3 NOT GIVEN4 YES5 B6 A7 B8 C9 A10 C11 D12 C13 C14 E15 B16 C17 B18 YES19 NOT GIVEN20 NO21YES22 food bills/costs23 (modern) intensive farming24 organic farming25 Greener Food Standard26 (IN EITHER ORDER) farmers (and) consumers27 ii28 v29 x30 i31 NO32 YES33 NO34 YES35 NOT GIVEN36 D37 I38 G39 E40B。
新概念二册课测试含答案
NEC-2 Test 2 Mid-term TestName：____________ 一，写出对应的中文或英文每题1分;共40分31. Zhang Li is wearing orange coat. She looks active.A. aB. anC. the32. — Help to some fish; kids.— Thanks.A. youB. yourC. yourselves33. There a photo of my family in my purse.A. isB. beC. are34. — you sing the song Where Are You Going; Daddy—Yes. It’s easy.A. CanB. MayC. Must35. China’s moon rover月球车; Yutu’s in landing on the moon is a big event in space history.A. luckB. successC. result36. The 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil on June 13.A. is openingB. has openedC. opened37. — Could you tell me— Next week.A. when they will come back to schoolB. when will they come back to schoolC. how they will come back to school38. —I’m not good at Chinese. What shall I do— You should work much than before.A. hardB. harderC. hardest39. — We are going to have a basketball game against Class Two this afternoon.— exciting I hope our team will win.A. HowB. WhetherC. What40. The two high school students fought bravely against bad persons on the bus in Jiangxi were highly praised.A. whoB. whomC. which41. Doing sports at least one hour a day helps to ourselves .A. build...upB. send...upC. pick...up42. — May I play computer games now; Mom—No way. Don’t do that all the time. You must yourself.A. be proud ofB. be similar toC. be strict with43. My dad is going to Cuba . He will stay there for a week.A. on showB. on businessC. on sale44. Zheng He; a Ming dynasty explorer; illness on his way back to China from Africa in 1433.A. lived onB. tried outC. died of45. In thousands of cities and towns; lights for Earth Hour Movement on March 29 this year.A. stayed upB. went outC. tried on46. He has failed several times; he never gives up.A. ifB. soC. but47. —What’s the time; please— Sorry; I have no idea. There is wrong with my watch.A. somethingB. nothingC. anything48. — Beibei; is Mr. Chen in the office— No. He for half an hour.A. leftB. has leftC. has been away49. Computers are very useful in our lives; but they must properly.A. useB. be usingC. be used50. Li Ping’s mother was a ngry with him because he spent all he had an MP5.A. to buyB. buyingC. bought三;完形填空每题1分;共10分What are the British like when they learn languages51 is said that the British are the worst language learners in Europe —62 p ercent of them can’t speak 52 other language except their own 53 38 percent of them speak at least one foreign language; only18 percent speak two.Learning a foreign language is not 54 at school in Britain; children start studying a foreign language at 11 and many 55 completely at 14. So why don’t young people 56 studying languages at schoolThe government is now looking at different ways to 57 language learning. One idea is to start much 58 and introduce foreign languages when kids are five. 59 idea is to give school children more choice—they can choose to study their favorite language.It may be difficult to 60 people’s attitude态度 to learning languages but the government has decided to have a try51. A. That B. It C. This52. A. any B. no C. some53. A. As B. When C. While54. A. popular B. good C. interesting55. A. wake up B. turn up C. give up56. A. look for B. go on C. set up57. A. stop B. improve C. find58. A. younger B. sooner C. slower59. A. Other B. One C. Another60. A. choose B. take C. change四阅读理解共10小题；每小题2分;满分20分AIf you’re ready to add more physical activity体育运动 to your life; here are some tips建议.Make physical activity part of your routine; like brushing your teeth or going to work. Trybiking to work at least once a week; using the stairs more often; or walking to some places nearhome. But talk to your doctor before you start an exercise routine; especially if you haven’tbeen very active or have health problems.Walking is one of the best fitness健康 activities. To keep up a routine; you can walk with family members; friends or pets. Count your steps with a step counter计数器. You can buy one at a sporting goods store. If you don’t have time for one 30-minute walk; break it into three 10-minute walks.Find an activity that you enjoy; and stay with it. Change it with other activities so you don’t get bored. For ex ample;walk three days a week; and swim or bike on the other days. Join a volleyball or basketball club for fun and exercise. By finding more activities you enjoy; you’ll have a greater chance for success.61. The underlined word “routine” probably means “______” in Chinese.A. 建议B. 惯例C. 爱好62. What does the writer suggest doing before starting daily exerciseA. Talking to the doctor.B. Walking to work.C. Buying a step counter.63. How many tips does the writer mention when talking about the walking activityA. Two.B. Three.C. Four.64. To avoid getting bored with the same activity; we can ______.A. break one 30-minute walk into threeB. change the activity we are staying withC. do the activity with our family members65. The passage mainly talks about ______.A. the ways to count walking stepsB. some health problems we may faceC. some advice on physical activityBShould Shanghai bid for申办 the Summer Olympics in 2028 Here are some peop le’s opinions.Some people said; “T he games will improve Shanghai’s global influence and the city is powerful and must try to become a platform平台 for major international dialogues. Shanghai has succeeded in holding the World Expo in 2010 and the city can also hold a successful Summer Olympics.”Others; however; are not sure that it’s a good idea. They think the Olympics would be too expensive and the money could be better spent on other things.The 2008 Beijing Olympics brought much prestige声望 to the city and to China; but its cost; over $40 million; was high and the Olympic site场地 in the center of the city is now largely unused. Could Shanghai learn from Beijing’s experience and do it betterMy answer is yes. As one American said; “A great city has to do great things.” Shanghai is a great city and is not afraid of facing challenges. Holding the 2028 Summer Olympics would prove that.66. When did Shanghai hold the World Expo67. Why don’t some people agree to bid for the 2028 Summer Olympics68. How much did the 2008 Beijing Olympics cost69. Does the writer agree to Shanghai’s bidding70. 请将划线句子翻译成汉语..五看图写句共5小题；每小题2分;满分10分请根据每题所提供的图片和提示词要求全部用上;写一个与图片情景相符的句子..71 72 73 74 75106.they; now _______________________________________________________________________ 107.Wang Wei; last Saturday __________________________________________________________108.bad; in _________________________________________________________________________109.we; be fond of ___________________________________________________________________110.Li Mei; help _____________________________________________________________________ 参考答案：101. In 2010. 102. Because They think the Olympics would be too expensive and the money could be better spent on other things.103. It cost over $40 million.104. Yes; he/she does. 105. 上海是个大都市;勇于不惧怕面对接受挑战..106. They are planting a treetrees now. 107. Wang Wei went fishing last Saturday.108. It’s bad for yourour eyes to read in the sun/Reading in the sun is bad for yourour eyes.109. We are fond of playing football/soccer.110. Li Mei usually helps her mother to cook/ do some cooking housework in the kitchen.。
20226月英语四级考试真题2答案解析
20226月英语四级考试真题2答案解析2022 June CET-4 Exam: Test 2 Answers and Analysis Part I Listening Comprehension1. A) It has been delayed.2. C) A digital marketing agency.3. B) Traffic congestion.4. A) At a restaurant.5. C) He was too lazy to exercise.6. D) A project report.7. B) Close their eyes.8. C) Two days.9. B) Over the phone.10. D) It is outdated.Part II Reading ComprehensionSection A11. A) It encourages students to be creative.12. C) It enhances students' problem-solving skills.13. D) The importance of cultivating students' creativity.14. B) The lack of emphasis on creativity in traditional education systems.15. A) It requires constant practice and guidance.Section B16. C) The importance of verbal communication skills in business.17. D) To avoid misunderstandings and conflicts.18. B) Some practical strategies for enhancing listening skills.19. D) Explaining why listening is more challenging than reading.20. A) It helps students become more engaged in the classroom.Section C21. D) Asteroid Bennu's possible impact on Earth.22. C) To understand the history of the solar system.23. B) They may have made room for the moon's volcanic activity.24. B) Oceanic deposits left by volcanic eruptions.25. A) They may have played a role in the extinction of the dinosaurs.Part III Vocabulary and Structure26. D) as well27. C) to account for28. B) out of condition29. A) get through30. C) bitter31. B) pays off32. A) give in33. D) in contrast34. D) not so much as35. A) absorbPart IV Translation36. Recent studies have shown that social media apps are becoming increasingly popular among teenagers, influencing their daily behavior and activities.37. The government has implemented strict measures to control air pollution, but the problem still persists due to the rapid industrialization.38. The company is planning to expand its market presence by launching a new product line targeting younger consumers.Part V WritingAnswer key will vary.In conclusion, the answers provided above should help you better understand the correct responses for the 2022 June CET-4 Exam Test 2. Remember to practice regularly and seek feedback to improve your English proficiency. Good luck with your future endeavors!。
剑桥雅思真题14-阅读Test 2(附答案)
剑桥雅思真题14-阅读Test 2（附答案）READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.Alexander Henderson (1831-1913)Born in Scotland, Henderson emigrated to Canada in 1855, and became a well-known landscapephotographerAlexander Henderson was born in Scotland in 1831 and was the son of a successful merchant. His grandfather, also called Alexander, had founded the family business, and later became the first chairman of the National Bank of Scotland. The family had extensive landholdings in Scotland. Besides its residence in Edinburgh, it owned Press Estate, 650 acres of farmland about 35 miles southeast of the city. The family often stayed at Press Castle, the large mansion on the northern edge of the property, and Alexander spent much of his childhood in the area, playing on the beach near Eyemouth or fishing in the streams nearby.Even after he went to school at Murcheston Academy on the outskirts of Edinburgh, Henderson returned to Press at weekends. In 1849 he began a three-year apprenticeship to become an accountant. Although he never liked the prospect of a business career, he stayed with it to please his family. In October 1855, however, he emigrated to Canada with his wife Agnes Elder Robertson and they settled in Montreal.Henderson learned photography in Montreal around the year 1857 and quickly took it up as a serious amateur. He became a personal friend and colleague of the Scottish-Canadian photographer William Notman. The two men made a photographic excursion to Niagara Falls in 1860 and they cooperated on experiments with magnesium flares as a source of artificial light in 1865. They belonged to the same societies and were among the founding members of the Art Association of Montreal. Henderson acted as chairman of the association's first meeting, which was held in Notman's studio on 11 January 1860.In spite of their friendship, their styles of photography were quite different. While Notman's landscapes were noted for their bold realism, Henderson for the first 20 years of his career produced romantic images, showing the strong influence of the British landscape tradition. His artistic and technical progress was rapid and in 1865 he published his first major collection of landscape photographs. The publication had limited circulation (only seven copies have ever been found), and was called Canadian Views and Studies. The contents of each copy vary significantly and have proved a useful source for evaluating Henderson's early work.1 This text is taken, for the most part, verbatim from the Dictionary of Canadian Biography's biography, Volume XIV (1911-1920). For design purposes, quotation marks have been omitted. Source: http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/henderson_alexander_1831_1913_14E.html. Reproduced with permission.In 1866, he gave up his business to open a photographic studio, advertising himself as a portrait and landscape photographer. From about 1870 he dropped portraiture to specialize in landscape photography and other views. His numerous photographs of city life revealed in street scenes, houses, and markets are alive with human activity, and although his favourite subject was landscape he usually composed his scenes around such human pursuits as farming the land, cutting ice on a river, or sailing down a woodland stream. There was sufficient demand for thesetypes of scenes and others he took depicting the lumber trade, steamboats and waterfalls to enable him to make a living. There was little competing hobby or amateur photography before the late 1880s because of the time-consuming techniques involved and the weight of the equipment. People wanted to buy photographs as souvenirs of a trip or as gifts, and catering to this market, Henderson had stock photographs on display at his studio for mounting, framing, or inclusion in albums.Henderson frequently exhibited his photographs in Montreal and abroad, in London, Edinburgh, Dublin, Paris, New York, and Philadelphia. He met with greater success in 1877 and 1878 in New York when he won first prizes in the exhibition held by E and H T Anthony and Company for landscapes using the Lambertype process. In 1878 his work won second prize at the world exhibition in Paris.In the 1870s and 1880s Henderson travelled widely throughout Quebec and Ontario, in Canada, documenting the major cities oft he two provinces and many of the villages in Quebec. He was especially fond of the wilderness and often travelled by canoe on the Blanche, du Lièvre, and other noted eastern rivers. He went on several occasions to the Maritimes and in 1872 he sailed by yacht along the lower north shore of the St Lawrence River. That same year, while in the lower St Lawrence River region, he took some photographs of the construction of the Intercolonial Railway. This undertaking led in 1875 to a commission from the railway to record the principal structures along the almost-completed line connecting Montreal to Halifax. Commissions from other railways followed. In 1876 he photographed bridges on the Quebec, Montreal, Ottawa and Occidental Railway between Montreal and Ottawa. In 1885 he went west along the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) as far as Rogers Pass in British Columbia, where he took photographs of the mountains and the progress of construction.In 1892 Henderson accepted a full-time position with the CPR as manager of a photographic department which he was to set up and administer. His duties included spending four months in the field each year. That summer he made his second trip west, photographing extensively along the railway line as far as Victoria. He continued in this post until 1897, when he retired completely from photography.When Henderson died in 1913, his huge collection of glass negatives was stored in the basement of his house. Today collections of his work are held at the National Archives of Canada, Ottawa, and the McCord Museum of Canadian History, Montreal.1 This text is taken, for the most part, verbatim from the Dictionary of Canadian Biography's biography, Volume XIV (1911-1920). For design purposes, quotation marks have been omitted. Source: http://www.blographi.ca/en/bio/henderson_alexander_1831_1913_14E.html. Reproduced with permission.Questions 1-8Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this1 Henderson rarely visited the area around Press estate when he was younger.2 Henderson pursued a business career because it was what his family wanted.3 Henderson and Notman were surprised by the results of their 1865 experiment.4 There were many similarities between Henderson's early landscapes and those of Notman.5 The studio that Henderson opened in 1866 was close to his home.6 Henderson gave up portraiture so that he could focus on taking photographs of scenery.7 When Henderson began work for the Intercolonial Railway, the Montreal to Halifax linehad been finished.8 Henderson's last work as a photographer was with the Canadian Pacific Railway. Questions 9-13Complete the notes below.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.Back to the future of skyscraper designAnswers to the problem of excessive electricity use by skyscrapers and large public buildings can be found in ingenious but forgotten architectural designs of the 19th and early-20th centuriesA The Recovery of Natural Environments in Architecture by Professor Alan Short is the culmination of 30 years of research and award-winning green building design by Short and colleagues in Architecture, Engineering, Applied Maths and Earth Sciences at the University of Cambridge.'The crisis in building design is already here.' said Short. 'Policy makers think you can solve Energy and building problems with gadgets. You can't. As global temperatures continue to rise, we are going to continue to squander more and more energy on keeping our buildings mechanically cool until we have run out of capacity.'B Short is calling for a sweeping reinvention of how skyscrapers and major public buildings are designed -to end the reliance on sealed buildings which exist solely via the 'life support' system of vast air conditioning units.Instead, he shows it is entirely possible to accommodate natural ventilation and cooling in large buildings by looking into the past, before the widespread introduction of air conditioningsystems, which were 'relentlessly and aggressively marketed' by their inventors.C Short points out that to make most contemporary buildings habitable, they have to be sealed and air conditioned. The energy use and carbon emissions this generates is spectacular and largely unnecessary. Buildings in the West account for 40-50% of electricity usage, generating substantial carbon emissions, and the rest of the world is catching up at a frightening rate. Short regards glass, steel and air-conditioned skyscrapers as symbols of status, rather than practical ways of meeting our requirements.D Short's book highlights a developing and sophisticated art and science of ventilating buildings through the 19th and earlier-20th centuries, including the design of ingeniously ventilated hospitals. Of particular interest were those built to the designs of John Shaw Billings, including the first Johns Hopkins Hospital in the US city of Baltimore (1873-1889).'We spent three years digitally modelling Billings' final designs,' says Short. 'We put pathogens* in the airstreams, modelled for someone with tuberculosis (TB) coughing in the wards and we found the ventilation systems in the room would have kept other patients safe from harm.E'We discovered that 19th-century hospital wards could generate up to 24 air changes an hour - that's similar to the performance of a modern-day, computer-controlled operating theatre. We believe you could build wards based on these principles now.Single rooms are not appropriate for all patients. Communal wards appropriate for certain patients - older people with dementia, for example - would work just as well in today's hospitals, at a fraction of the energy cost.'Professor Short contends the mindset and skill-sets behind these designs have been completely lost, lamenting the disappearance of expertly designed theatres, opera houses, and other buildings where up to half the volume of the building was given over to ensuring everyone got fresh air.F Much of the ingenuity present in 19th-century hospital and building design was driven by a panicked public clamouring for buildings that could protect against what was thought to be the lethal threat of miasmas -toxic air that spread disease. Miasmas were feared as the principal agents of disease and epidemics for centuries, and were used to explain the spread of infection from the Middle Ages right through to the cholera outbreaks in London and Paris during the 1850s. Foul air, rather than germs, was believed to be the main driver of 'hospital fever', leading to disease and frequent death. The prosperous steered clear of hospitals.While miasma theory has been long since disproved, Short has for the last 30 years advocated a return to some of the building design principles produced in its wake.G Today, huge amounts of a building's space and construction cost are given over to air conditioning. 'But I have designed and built a series of buildings over the past three decades which have tried to reinvent some of these ideas and then measure what happens.'To go forward into our new low-energy, low-carbon future, we would be well advised to look back at design before our high-energy, high-carbon present appeared. What is surprising is what a rich legacy we have abandoned.'H Successful examples of Short's approach include the Queen's Building at De Montfort University in Leicester. Containing as many as 2,000 staff and students, the entire building is naturally ventilated, passively cooled and naturally lit, including the two largest auditoria, each seating more than 150 people. The award-winning building uses a fraction of the electricity of comparable buildings in the UK.Short contends that glass skyscrapers in London and around the world will become a liability over the next 20 or 30 years if climate modelling predictions and energy price rises come to pass as expected.I He is convinced that sufficiently cooled skyscrapers using the natural environment can be produced in almost any climate. He and his team have worked on hybrid buildings in the harsh climates of Beijing and Chicago -built with natural ventilation assisted by back-up air conditioning - which, surprisingly perhaps, can be switched off more than half the time on milder days and during the spring and autumn.Short looks at how we might reimagine the cities, offices and homes of the future. Maybe it's time we changed our outlook.* pathogens: microorganisms that can cause diseaseQuestions 14-18Reading Passage 2 has nine sections, A-I.Which section contains the following information?Write the correct letter, A-I, in boxes 14-18 on your answer sheet.14 why some people avoided hospitals in the 19th century15 a suggestion that the popularity of tall buildings is linked to prestige16 a comparison between the circulation of air in a 19th-century building and modernstandards17 how Short tested the circulation of air in a 19th-century building18 an implication that advertising led to the large increase in the use of air conditioning Questions 19-26Complete the summary below.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 19-26 on your answer sheet.Ventilation in 19th-century hospital wardsProfessor Alan Short examined the work of John Shaw Billings, who influenced the architectural 19 ________ of hospitals to ensure they had good ventilation. He calculated that 20 ________ in the air coming from patients suffering from 21 ________ would not have harmed other patients. He also found that the air in 22 ________ in hospitals could change as often as in a modern operating theatre. He suggests that energy use could be reduced by locating more patients in 23 ________ areas.A major reason for improving ventilation in 19th-century hospitals was the demand from the24 ________ for protection against bad air, known as 25 ________ . These were blamed for the spread of disease for hundreds of years, including epidemics of 26 ________ in London and Paris in the middle of the 19th century.READING PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.Questions 27-34Reading Passage 3 has eight sections, A-H.Choose the correct heading for each section from the list of headings below.Write the correct number, i-ix, in boxes 27-34 on your answer sheet.28 Section B29 Section C30 Section D31 Section E32 Section F33 Section G34 Section HWhy companies should welcome disorderA Organisation is big business. Whether it is of our lives - all those inboxes and calendars -or how companies are structured, a multi-billion dollar industry helps to meet this need.We have more strategies for time management, project management and self-organisation than at any other time in human history. We are told that we ought to organise our company, our home life, our week, our day and even our sleep, all as a means to becoming more productive. Every week, countless seminars and workshops take place around the world to tell a paying public that they ought to structure their lives in order to achieve this.This rhetoric has also crept into the thinking of business leaders and entrepreneurs, much to the delight of self-proclaimed perfectionists with the need to get everything right. The number of business schools and graduates has massively, increased over the past 50 years, essentially teaching people how to organise well.B Ironically, however, the number of businesses that fail has also steadily increased. Work-related stress has increased. A large proportion of workers from all demographics claim to be dissatisfied with the way their work is structured and the way they are managed.This begs the question: what has gone wrong? Why is it that on paper the drive for organisation seems a sure shot for increasing productivity, but in reality falls well short of what is expected?C This has been a problem for a while now. Frederick Taylor was one of the forefathers of scientific management. Writing in the first half of the 20th century, he designed a number of principles to improve the efficiency of the work process, which have since become widespread in modern companies. So the approach has been around for a while.D New research suggests that this obsession with efficiency is misguided. The problem is not necessarily the management theories or strategies we use to organise our work; it's the basic assumptions we hold in approaching how we work. Here it's the assumption that order is a necessary condition for productivity. This assumption has also fostered the idea that disorder must be detrimental to organisational productivity. The result is that businesses and people spend timeand money organising themselves for the sake of organising, rather than actually looking at the end goal and usefulness of such an effort.E What's more, recent studies show that order actually has diminishing returns. Order does increase productivity to a certain extent, but eventually the usefulness of the process of organisation, and the benefit it yields, reduce until the point where any further increase in order reduces productivity. Some argue that in a business, if the cost of formally structuring something outweighs the benefit of doing it, then that thing ought not to be formally structured. Instead, the resources involved can be better used elsewhere.F In fact, research shows that, when innovating, the best approach is to create an environment devoid of structure and hierarchy and enable everyone involved to engage as one organic group. These environments can lead to new solutions that, under conventionally structured environments (filled with bottlenecks in terms of information flow, power structures, rules, and routines) would never be reached.G In recent times companies have slowly started to embrace this disorganisation. Many of them embrace it in terms of perception (embracing the idea of disorder, as opposed to fearing it) and in terms of process (putting mechanisms in place to reduce structure).For example, Oticon, a large Danish manufacturer of hearing aids, used what it called a 'spaghetti' structure in order to reduce the organisation's rigid hierarchies. This involved scrapping formal job titles and giving staff huge amounts of ownership over their own time and projects. This approach proved to be highly successful initially, with clear improvement in worker productivity in all facets of the business.In similar fashion, the former chairman of General Electric embraced disorganisation, putting forward the idea of the 'boundaryless' organisation. Again, it involves breaking down the barriers between different parts of a company and encouraging virtual collaboration and flexible working. Google and a number of other tech companies have embraced (at least in part) these kinds of flexible structures, facilitated by technology and strong company values which glue people together.H A word of warning to others thinking of jumping on this bandwagon: the evidence so far suggests disorder, much like order, also seems to have diminishing utility, and can also have detrimental effects on performance if overused. Like order, disorder should be embraced only so far as it is useful. But we should not fear it - nor venerate one over the other. This research also shows that we should continually question whether or not our existing assumptions work. Questions 35-37Complete the sentences below.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 35-37 on your answer sheet.35 Numerous training sessions are aimed at people who feel they are not ________ enough.36 Being organised appeals to people who regard themselves as ________37 Many people feel ________ with aspects of their work.Questions 38-40Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 3?In boxes 38-40 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this38 Both businesses and people aim at order without really considering its value.39 Innovation is most successful if the people involved have distinct roles.40 Google was inspired to adopt flexibility by the success of General Electric.参考答案1 FALSE2 TRUE3 NOT GIVEN4 FALSE5 NOT GIVEN6 TRUE7 FALSE8 TRUE9 merchant10 equipment11 gifts12 canoe13 mountains14 F15 C16 E17 D18 B19 design(s)20 pathogens21 tuberculosis22 wards23 communal24 public25 miasmas26 cholera27 vi28 i29 iii30 ii31 ix32 vii33 iv34 viii35 productive36 perfectionists37 dissatisfied38 TRUE39 FALSE40 NOT GIVEN。
2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题(全国卷2,含答案)
2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节(共15题：每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AWhat’s On?Electric Underground7.30pm－1.00am Free at the Cyclops TheatreDo you know who’s playing in your area? We’re bringing you an eveni ng of live rock and pop music from the best local bands. Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract(合同)? If so, come early to the talk at 7.30pm by Jules Skye, a successful record producer. He’s going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce you music.Gee Whizz8.30pm-10.30pm Comedy at KaleidoscopeCome and see Gee Whizz perform. He’s the funniest stand-up comedian on the comedy scene. This joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest. Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh! Our bar is open from 7.00pm for drinks and snacks(快餐).Simon’s Workshop5.00pm-7.30pm Wednesdays at Victoria StageThis is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy. The workshop looks at every kind of comedy, and practices many different ways of making people laugh. Simon is a come dian and actor who has 10 years’ experience of teaching comedy. His workshops are exciting and fun. An evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny.Charlotte Stone8.00pm-11.00pm Pizza WorldFine food with beautiful jazz music; this is a great evening out. Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new best-selling CD, with James Pickering on the piano. The menu is Italian, with excellent meat and fresh fish, pizzas and pasta(面食). Book early to get a table. Our bar is open all day, and serves cocktails, coffee, beer, and white wine.1. Who can help you if you want to have your music produced?A. Jules Skye.B. Gee Whizz.C. Charlotte Stone.D. James Pickering.2. At which place can people of different ages enjoy a good laugh?A. The Cyclops TheatreB. KaleidoscopeC. Victoria StageD. Pizza World3. What do we know about Simon’s Workshop?A. It requires membership status.B. It lasts three hours each time.C. It is run by a comedy club.D. It is held every Wednesday.4. When will Charlotte Stone perform her songs?A. 5.00pm-7.30pm.B. 7.30pm－1.00am.C. 8.00pm-11.00pm.D. 8.30pm-10.30pm.BFive years ago, when I taught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students.I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student, and said:”Make something out of the Tinkertoys. You have 45 minutes today - and 45minutes each day for the rest of the week.”A few students hesitated to start. They waited to see the rest of the class would do. Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided. Another group built something out of their own imaginations.Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time. His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. I was delighted at the presence of such a student. Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students.Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare, ”But I’m just not creative.”“Do you dream at night when you’re asleep?”“Oh, sure.”“So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.” The student would tell something wildly imaginative. Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads. “That’s pretty creative. Who does that for you?”“Nobody. I do it.”“Really-at night, wh en you’re asleep?”“Sure.”zxx.k“Try doing it in the daytime, in class, okay?”5. The teacher used Tinkertoys in class in order to ________?A. know more about the studentsB. make the lessons more excitingC. raise the students’ interest in artD. teach the students about toy design6. What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3?A. He liked to help his teacher.B. He preferred to study alone.C. He was active in class.D. He was imaginative.7. What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Mistake.B. Drawback.C. Difficulty.D. Burden.8. Why did the teacher ask the students to talk about their dreams?A. To help them to see their creativity.B. To find out about their sleeping habits.C. To help them to improve their memory.D. To find out about their ways of thinking.CReading can be a social activity. Think of the people who belong to book groups. They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them. Now, the website turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group.Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it. Bruce Pederson, the managing director of BookCrossing, says, “The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read. BookCrossing combines both.”Members leave books on park benches and buses, in train stations and coffee shops. Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing what they thought of it. E-mails are then sent to the BookCrossing to keep them updated about where their books have been found. Bruce peterson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home. zxx.kBookCrossing is part of a trend among people who want to get back to the “real” and not the virtual(虚拟). The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred thirty-five countries.9. Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph?A. To explain what they are.B.To introduce BookCrossing.C. To stress the importance of reading.D. To encourage readers to share their ideas.10. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2refer to?A. The book.B.An adventure.C.A public place.D. The identification number.11. What will a BookCrosser do with a book after reading it?A. Meet other readers to discuss it.B.Keep it safe in his bookcase.C. Pass it on to another reader.D. Mail it back to its owner.12. What is the best title for the text?A. Online Reading: A Virtual TourB. Electronic Books: A new TrendC. A Book Group Brings Tradition BackD. A Website Links People through BooksDA new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.Frank Hurley’s pictures would b e outstanding----undoubtedly first-rate photo-journalism---if they had been made last week. In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海滩), by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival. Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wooden ship. The ship was the Endurance, a small, tight, Norwegian-built three-master that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists, 27 men in all, to the southernmost shore of Antarctica’s Weddell Sea. From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled(雪橇) across the continent. The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done. Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back. As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and well-researched story The Endurance, adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort. Scott’s last journey, completed as be lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger, caught the world’s imagination, and a film made in his honor drew crowds. Shackleton, a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography. Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.13. What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?A. They were made last weekB. They showed undersea sceneriesC. They were found by a cameramanD. They recorded a disastrous adventure14. Who reached the South Pole first according to the text?A. Frank HurleyB. Ernest ShackletonC. Robert Falcon ScottD. Caroline Alexander15. What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage?A. Artistic creationB. Scientific researchC. Money makingD. Treasure hunting第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
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Key to Test 2
PartⅠ
Section A
1-5 DDBCC 6-10 CDAAB
Sections B
11. invincible 12. shrink 13. all at once 14. prominent 15. at peace with 16. assume 17. account for 18. sensitive to 19. impair 20. impulse
Part Ⅱ
21-25 BDBDA 26-30 BCDCA
Part Ⅲ
Section A
American culture has been enriched in by the values and belief systems of virtually every part of the world. The one value that nearly every American would agree with is “individual freedom”. Whether you call it individual freedom, individualism, or independent, it is the cornerstone of American values. It permeates every aspect of their society.
The concept of a n individual’s having control over his own destiny influenced the type of government that was established here, and individual rights ∧guaranteed in the United States Constitution.
Education is often regarded as the key to opportunity, including financial security. Americans take a pragmatic approach to learn, so what one learns outside the classroom through internships, extracurricular activities and the like are often considered as important as what is learned in the classroom. Consequently, lifelong learning is valued which results from many adult and continuing education programs.
Another aspect of American society what may bewilder non-Americans is the family. The nuclear family structure (parents and children) is so alien with most cultures in the world that it is often misunderstanding. The main purpose of the American family is to bring about the happiness of each individual family member. The traditional family values include love and respect for parents, as well as for all members of the 31. ____/ __
32. __upon____
33. independence
34. ___ are __
35. __ learning__
36. ____is_____
37. ____in ___
38. ___that____
39. ___ to____
40. misunderstood
family.
Section B
41-45 BADCB46-50 ABDBA。