《远大前程》英文赏析教学文案
《远大前程》英文赏
析
The great expectation of Pip and Magwitch
We all know that chapter 39 is the turning point of the whole novel. Pip knows that his sponsor is not Miss Havisham, but the escaped prisoner Magwitch, who is saved by Pip. This truth makes Pip’s great expectation shattered. From the context, we can see that “the great expectation” is a kind of ambition from both Pip and Magwitch. It is such an ambition that hold up the life of both two people and bring a lot of change to their character. And the ambition is also the indication of one’s life.
First, let’s see Pip’s ambition. Although the text don’t illustrate it clearly, we can infer from several details. At the beginning of the text, Pip states that “I had a taste for reading, and read regularly so many hours a day.”This state can fully demonstrate that Pip has a strong eager to learn knowledge, which means that he wants to become a real gentleman in the upper class. And when Pip is told that his benefactor is Magwitch, rather than Miss Havisham. He is shocked, disappointed as well as heart-broken. He repeats “Estella, Estella”, which tells us that his intention to become a gentleman was because of Estella, he wants to be able to match with her. From the above, we can conclude that Pip’s ambition is to be a gentleman and get access to Estella.
The great expectation describes not only Pip’s ambition, but also other people’s ambition, including that blacksmith Joe’s, Pip’s friend Herbert and his benefactor Magwitch’s.
Let’s take Magwitch’s ambition in the text for example. I think his is rather complicated than Pip’s. There are two mainly ambitions: one is that he wants to repay Pip for saving his life, another is that he wants to show his greatness for making a little boy into a gentleman in upper class, which is also a kind of dissatisfaction to the society. Just as he mentioned in the text, “ I tell it, fur you to know as that there hunted dunghill dog wot you kept life in, got his head so high that he could make a gentleman”. The society treat him as a nasty dog and he is looked down upon those people in the upper class. But he has an ability to turn a village boy into a gentleman, and he thinks himself is nobler and greater than those people. He uses his action to satirize them.
The ambition in people’s heart is like a guiding light in their way. As one’s ambition changes, people’s behavior may change accordingly and unconsciously. Pip studies hard in order to get access to Estella. But at the same time, bad characters like selfishness and mammonism arises from him. In the front part of the text, when Pip sees Magwitch, he pays attention to his clothing first and emphasizes his substantially dress, but roughly. Suppose if Magwitch is not well-dressed and looks like poor just as the first time they meet, will Pip accept him and let him in? When Pip
recognized Magwitch, his astonishment is more than his pleasance and he supposes there will be no connection between them. Why Pip becomes so indifferent? It is because of the “different circumstances” he mentioned in the text. The circumstances that he is an upper class member now and he cannot have any connection with underclass people, let alone an escaped prisoner. Between social class and old relationship, he chooses social class. We can say that it is money that tempts him and makes him indifferent, or the money distorts his ambition, which misleads his behavior.
To conclude, I think Pip is more misfortunate than any other people. It is not because he is an orphan or he lost his money in the end, it is because he is treated as a tool by other people, unknowingly. He is treated as a money machine by his sister when he is little, and he is played by Estella as a tool to please Miss Havisham. Later, although being endowed with a large fortune, Pip is indeed an example who is made by Magwitch to manifest his greatness and to revenge to the world. Pip’s great expectation is made by Miss Havisham, Estella, Magwitch and himself, and ruined by them.。
读书报告《远大前程》(英文版)
An Analysis of the Character PipPip is a character of the novel Great Expectations which is written by Charles Dickens. He is the most popular English novelist of the Victorian era, and one of the most popular of all time.He has many masterpieces, such as A tale of cities, David Copperfield, Hard time, Oliver Twist and so on. Great Expectations is one of his masterpieces. The story in this book happened in middle of 19 century and it reflects the gap between the rich and the poor in the capitalistic society.Pip is the main character of this book and through the story of him we can get the theme of the book. After reading this book, in my opinion, Pip is a kind and ambitious man. In the beginning, I know Pip is a poor child. He lives in a small village with his sister and Joe Garage. His parents died when he was a baby. So Pip is really poor. Then he saves Magwitch who is a convict. In the end, Magwitch gives Pip the great expectations by sending Pip to London and letting him receive a good education. I think it’s suggesting that Pip is helpful and kind to others. In the book, there are a lot of things that tell me it. For examples, in chapter 20, Pip plans to help Herbert because both of them spend too much money and Herbert can hardly afford it. Then Pip arranges to invest some money in a shipping company called Clarrikers and this company promises to make Herbert a partner of it. But Pip has to ask Miss Havisham for help since he has no money to help Herbert. Except for this thing, Pip also forgives Miss Havisham and saves her from a fire. All of these things show that Pip is a good and tolerant man.Actually, I didn’t want to continue reading the book when I read the chapter 13. In this chapter, Pip knows that somebody is to give him the great expectations and he will go to London to get the good education. Then he becomes overconfident and unfriendly to Joe and Biddy. I am really angry with it and even I don’t want to continue reading. But I know it will not be allowed and it’s too childish indeed. So, I am going on. In next chapters, I find other things likethis. In the chapter 16, Pip receives a letter from Biddy and it says Joe will come here. In general, when old friends give a visit to ours, we will be happy. But Pip concerns about Joe’ coming. And when Joe comes here, Pip is unfriendly to him. So, I think Pip also has bad aspects of his character.At last, I think Pip is also faithful to love. When Pip comes to Miss Havisham’s home and meets Estella, he fells in love with her. And then he changes his attitude to life. He wants to be a gentleman and get Miss Havisham’s admiration. In this way he can make Estella love him and finally marry her.These three points are my understanding of Pip. Anyhow, it’s a book to worth reading.。
远大前程英文原版结尾
远大前程英文原版结尾After finishing the English original version of "Great Expectations," the last few pages really hit me hard. It's such a powerful ending that leaves you with a mix of emotions. I couldn't help but feel a sense of closure and satisfaction for Pip, yet also a tinge of sadness for Miss Havisham and Estella.看完《远大前程》的英文原著，最后几页真的让我感动不已。
这样强烈的结局让我心情复杂。
我不禁为皮普感到一种了结和满足，但同时也为海瑟姆夫人和艾丝黛拉感到一丝悲伤。
As Pip finally comes to terms with his past and accepts himself, it's a cathartic moment for the reader as well. We've followed Pip's journey from a young, impressionable boy to a more mature, self-aware man, and seeing him find peace within himself is incredibly gratifying. The growth he undergoes throughout the novel is truly remarkable.当皮普最终面对过去并接受自己的时候，这对读者来说也是一种宣泄。
我们一路跟随皮普从一个年幼、易受影响的男孩到一个更加成熟、自我意识更强的男子汉，看到他在自己内心找到平静是非常令人满足的。
GreatExpectations远大前程导读（过脑不忘单词教研组荣誉出品）
GreatExpectations远大前程导读（过脑不忘单词教研组荣誉出品）社会上有些人或许会认为有了财富，自然也就会有了一切，因为他们认为钱是万能的。
但《远大前程》告诉我们，金钱虽然满足了他的虚荣，满足了他的物欲，却无法获得艾丝黛拉对他的真爱；他即使成为了所谓的“绅士”而参加各种欢愉的活动，心中却因缺少了亲人对他的关爱而麻木不仁。
所以金钱买不来真情，也买不来快乐。
珍视已经拥有的命运的玄妙一无所有后的匹普才明白了这个道理，于是捡起了他那颗纯真善良的心，乡村虽是简陋，但却是最简单幸福的生活。
正如孔子那句话一箪食，一瓢饮，在陋巷。
人不堪其忧，贤哉！一颗纯真质朴的心，在拜金狂潮中愈是能体现出人性的最美好，最动人的一面。
或许这些不能给我们带来享受奢靡的生活或是尊崇的社会地位，但它能使生活回归最简单的快乐。
而善良的本质，恰恰是生活中最为珍贵的财富。
珍视已经拥有的命运的玄妙ThanksForYourAttention谢谢大家远大前程导读过脑不忘单词教研组荣誉出品Contents目录01简介02人物性格分析03经典情节04启示与感想SmallTitleHere{一.简介}狄更斯，英国著名作家{简介}A{作者生平}理想主义、浪漫主义反思和批判精神C晚期作品，抑郁增强，乐观削弱；更具现实性和警示性{《远大前程》}B一生创作丰富，关注英国社会底层，反映英国复杂的社会现实{创作情况}D{故事简介}匹普经不起诱惑丧失淳朴，历经磨难才悔悟，重新生活简介作者生平查尔斯·狄更斯，全名查尔斯·约翰·赫法姆·狄更斯（CharlesJohnHuffamDickens，1812年2月7日—1870年6月9日），英国作家。
狄更斯1812年2月7日生于朴次茅斯市郊，出生于海军小职员家庭，童年非常幸福，生活在富裕的中产阶级家庭中。
少年时（10岁）因家庭生活窘迫，只能断断续续入校求学。
后被迫到工场做童工。
远大前程英文摘抄
远大前程英文摘抄"Far future" is a famous novel written by Lu Xun, a prominent Chinese writer in the 20th century. It tells the story of a young man named Cheng Mazhen who struggles to navigate through the complexities of life in early 20th century China. The novel touches upon themes of capitalism, traditional Chinese values, and the struggle for personal freedom. Through the protagonist's journey, readers are exposed to the harsh realities of a society undergoing rapid modernization.《远大前程》是著名作家鲁迅创作于20世纪的一部著作。
小说讲述了一个名叫程马镇的年轻人在20世纪初中国社会中努力生存的故事。
小说涉及到资本主义、传统价值观以及个人自由的挣扎。
通过主人公的旅程，读者们看到了一个正在快速现代化的社会所面临的严峻现实。
The novel is set against the backdrop of a rapidly changing China, where old traditions clash with new ideas. Cheng Mazhen is caught in between these conflicting forces, torn between his desire for personal fulfillment and the expectations of society. He is a symbol of the struggles faced by many young people during this period ofsocial transition, as they grapple with the complexities of a changing world.小说背景设置在一个快速变化的中国，传统与新思想发生冲突。
远大前程好词好句中英文对照60句
远大前程好词好句中英文对照60句示例文章篇一：《远大前程》好词好句中英文对照60句《远大前程》是一本超级棒的书呢！书里有好多特别精彩的词句，今天我就来给大家分享60句好词好句的中英文对照。
先来说说好词吧。
“bleak”，这个词的意思是“阴冷的；荒凉的”，就像冬天里那种没有生机的荒野，冷飕飕的，让人觉得很孤单。
比如说在书里描写到某个古老的房子外面的景色时可能就会用到这个词，“The old house stood in a bleak landscape.”（那座老房子坐落在一片荒凉的景色之中。
）“haughty”，是“傲慢的；高傲的”的意思。
就好像班上有个同学，老是觉得自己了不起，看别人都是用那种高高在上的眼神，就可以说“He has a haughty look.”（他有一副傲慢的神情。
）“solemn”，表示“庄严的；严肃的”。
想象一下升国旗的时候，那种很庄重的氛围，就可以说“The flag - raising ceremony was a solemn occasion.”（升旗仪式是一个庄严的场合。
）“melancholy”，这个词描绘的是“忧郁的；悲哀的”情绪。
就像是下雨天，自己一个人待着，心里有种说不出的难过，“She had a melancholy look in her eyes.”（她眼中有一种忧郁的神情。
）“ardent”，意思是“热情的；热烈的”。
就像我们对自己喜欢的东西那种充满热情的感觉。
比如“I have an ardent love for reading.”（我对阅读有着热烈的爱。
）再来说说那些特别精彩的好句。
“Great expectations”（远大前程）这本身就是一个很有深意的短语。
就像我们每个人心中都有一个美好的未来的梦想，那种对未来充满期待的感觉。
“All other swindlers upon earth are nothing to the self - swindlers.”（世界上所有的骗子都比不上自欺欺人的人。
远大前程英文经典段落
远大前程英文经典段落《远大前程》又译《孤星血泪》，作者透过剧中孤儿的跌宕起落，表达他对生命和人性的看法。
下面店铺为大家带来远大前程英文经典段落，欢迎大家阅读!远大前程英文经典段落1He was a secret-looking man whom I had never seen before. His head was all on one side, and one of his eyes was half shut up, as if he were taking aim at something with an invisible gun. He had a pipe in his mouth, and he took it out, and, after slowly blowing all his smoke away and looking hard at me all the time, nodded. So, I nodded, and then he nodded again, and made room on the settle beside him that I might sit down there.远大前程英文经典段落2However, go to Miss Havisham's I must, and go I did. And behold! nothing came of the late struggle. It was not alluded to in any way, and no pale young gentleman was to be discovered on the premises. I found the same gate open, and I explored the garden, and even looked in at the windows of the detached house; but, my view was suddenly stopped by the closed shutters within, and all was lifeless. Only in the corner where the combat had taken place, could I detect any evidence of the young gentleman's existence. There were traces of his gore in that spot, and I covered them with garden-mould from the eye of man.远大前程英文经典段落3For such reasons I was very glad when ten o'clock came and we started for Miss Havisham's; though I was not at all at my ease regarding the manner in which I should acquit myself under that lady's roof. Within a quarter of an hour we came to Miss Havisham's house, which was of old brick, and dismal, and had agreat many iron bars to it. Some of the windows had been walled up; of those that remained, all the lower were rustily barred. There was a court-yard in front, and that was barred; so, we had to wait, after ringing the bell, until some one should come to open it. While we waited at the gate, I peeped in (even then Mr Pumblechook said, `And fourteen?' but I pretended not to hear him), and saw that at the side of house there was a large brewery. No brewing was going on in it, and none seemed to have gone on for a long long time.远大前程英文经典段落4AT the time when I stood in the churchyard, reading the family tombstones, I had just enough learning to be able to spell them out. My construction even of their simple meaning was not very correct, for I read `wife of the Above' as a complimentary reference to my father's exaltation to a better world; and if any one of my deceased relations had been referred to as `Below,' I have no doubt I should have formed the worst opinions of that member of the family. Neither, were my notions of the theological positions to which my Catechism bound me, at all accurate; for, I have a lively remembrance that I supposed my declaration that I was to `walk in the same all the days of my life,' laid me under an obligation always to go through the village from our house in one particular direction, and never to vary it by turning down by the wheelwright's or up by the mill.远大前程英文经典段落5As the night was fast falling, and as the moon, being past the full, would not rise early,we held a little council: a short one, for clearly our course was to lie by at the first lonely tavern we could find. So, they plied their oars once more, and I looked out for anything like a house. Thus we held on, speaking little, for fouror five dull miles. It was very cold, and, a collier coming by us, with her gallery-fire smoking and flaring, looked like a comfortable home. The night was as dark by this time as it would be until morning; and what light we had, seemed to come more from the river than the sky, as the oars in their dipping stuck at a few reflected stars.天黑得很快，偏巧这天又是下弦月，月亮不会很早升起。
狄更斯《远大前程》主题的英文版ppt
stars.
这时夜色已经黑透，看来就要 这样一黑到天明，我们仅有的 一点光亮，是乎不是来自天空 ，而是来自河上，一桨又一桨 的，搅动着那寥寥几颗倒映在 水里的寒星。
10:44
author
Charles.Dickens
(1812—1870) The 19th century British critical
realist Major works: Oliver Twist A Tale of Two Cities David Copperfield
10:44
No more lies, live well, and die happy.
不再说谎，活得自在， 死的愉快。
As the morning mists had risen long ago when I first left the forge, so, the evening mists were rising now, and in all the broad expanse of tranquil light they showed to me, I saw no shadow of a永远不会，艾斯黛拉！你是我自 己的一部分。你在我读的每一 行字里，在我看到的每一个景 象里，在我做的每一个梦中。
The night was as dark by this time as it would be until morning; and what light we had, seemed to
记得在很久之前我第一次离开 铁匠铺时，正值晨雾刚刚消散 ；现在我们刚走出废墟，夜雾 也正开始消散。一片广阔的静 寂沉浸在月色之中，似乎向我 表明，我和她将永远一起，不 再分离。
great expectations《远大前程》
When Pip was 20 years old,he was given a chance to study in london like a gentleman by a secret benefactor(赞助人). Pip thought the golden opportunity was offered by Miss Havisham so that he can be elegant enough to marry Estella.
When Pip studied in London he tried his best to bury his past and forgot his uncle Joe. The poor Joe travelled long to see his dearest boy, but Pip become embarrassed and indifferent.
One day when Pip went to his parents’ graveyard he was caught by a prisoner and was threatened to steal food for him.
Pip was so scared that he did as the prisoner asked. But the prisoner was caught again.
Someday, Miss Havisham, a rich old lady, sent for Pip to play with beautiful Estella. The boy fell in love with the girl at the first sight but was teased by Estella. So the boy wanted very much to become a gentleman to gain the girl’s heart.
远大前程英文赏析
1. What significance does the novel’s title, Great Expectations, have for the story? In what ways does Pip have “great expectations”?2. For much of Great Expectations, Pip seems to believe in a stark division between good and evil, and he tends to classify people and situations as belonging to one extreme or the other: for instance, despite their respective complexities, he believes that Estella is good and the convict is evil. Yet, both socially and morally, Pip himself is often caught between extremes; his own situation rarely matches up to his moral vision. What is the role of moral extremes in this novel? What does it mean to be ambiguous or caught between extremes?For much of Great Expectations, Pip seems to believe in a stark division between good and evil, and he tends to classify people and situations as belonging to one extreme or the other: for instance, despite their respective complexities, he believes that Estella is good and the convict is evil. Yet, both socially and morally, Pip himself is often caught between extremes; his own situation rarely matches up to his moral vision. What is the role of moral extremes in this novel? What does it mean to be ambiguous or caught between extremes?his great expectation to raise his status and improve himself.Pip expects himself to become a gentleman. In doing so, he hopes to be wealthy, scholarly, mannerly, and deserving of Estella's love and admiration.In another sense, others place great expectations upon Pip. Magwitch sponsors Pip's education in London because he expects Pip to learn to be a better gentleman than Compeyson who was born a gentleman. Likewise, Joe has great expectations for Pip because he tries to raise him to be hard working and kind. Biddy, at first, expects Pip to be able to do great things with his intelligence, until she sees him begin influenced by Miss Havisham and Estella.Other characters in the book have expectations for Pip, but not necessarily "great" or "good" ones for the innocent protagonist.1. Pip: In Ch18, Jaggers announces,`I am instructed to communicate to him,' said Mr Jaggers, throwing his finger at me sideways, `that he will come into a handsome property. Further, that it is the desire of the present possessor of that property, that he be immediately removed from his present sphere of life and from this place, and be brought up as a gentleman -- in a word, as a young fellow of great expectations.'Pip mistakenly believes that it is Miss Havisham who has decided to transform him into a gentleman so that he will be able to marry Estella (Ch. 38). This is the source of all of Pip's problems and when he realises who his real benefactor is in Ch.39 he is too stunned to react:I could not have spoken one word, though it had been to save my life. I stood, witha hand on the chair-back and a hand on my breast, where I seemed to be suffocating -- I stood so, looking wildly at him, until I grasped at the chair, when the room began to surge and turn.The title of Dickens' novel "Great Expectations" is so obviously ironic. Pip's so called 'expectations' are exposed as being so empty and futile when he realizes that its a convict who has been providing for him so that he could pass off superficially as a'gentleman' and that he has actually been infatuated all these years with a murderess' [Molly] daughter!This was Dickens' original purpose in writing the novel. In a letter to his official biographer John Forster in October 1860 Dickens remarks about the "tragi-comic conception" of the novel. We are able to readily sympathize with Pip's 'expectations' not being fulfilled because all of us have high hopes and 'great expectations' which are often never fulfilled.To underscore this general feeling and theme of 'unfulfillment of great expectations' other characters in the novel also have 'great expectations' which are not fulfilled: 1. Miss Havisham has 'great expectations' of marrying Compeyson which are not fulfilled. In her bitterness in Ch. 11 she tells Pip who visits her on her birthday that she 'expects' to die on her birthday and hopes that by doing so an eternal curse will be laid upon Compeyson:`When the ruin is complete,' said she, with a ghastly look, `and when they lay me dead, in my bride's dress on the bride's table -- which shall be done, and which will be the finished curse upon him -- so much the better if it is done on this day!'But these "expectations" of hers are also not fulfilled (Chs. 49, 54).2. All the relations of Miss Havisham have "great expectations" of receiving a lot of money after her death which as 'expected' are not fulfilled (Ch.57).3. Similarly in Ch.9 soon after Pip has returned from his first visit to Miss Havisham's house, his sister and Pumblechook have their own 'expectations,' which are never fulfilled:while they sat debating what results would come to me from Miss Havisham's acquaintance and favour. They had no doubt that Miss Havisham would `do something' for me; their doubts related to the form that something would take. My sister stood out for `property.' Mr Pumblechook was in favour of a handsome premium for binding me apprentice to some genteel trade -- say, the corn and seed trade, for instance. Joe fell into the deepest disgrace with both, for offering the bright suggestion that I might only be presented with one of the dogs who had fought for the veal-cutlets. `If a fool's head can't express better opinions than that,' said my sister, `and you have got any work to do, you had better go and do it.' So he went.3) Many of the characters other than Pip have their own expectations as well. Discuss both Herbert Pocket and Pip's expectatons. Compare and contrast.Your browser does not support the IFRAME tag.Comments from readers:Herbert's expectations are different to Pips in that he does not raise his expectations, like Pip does. He wants simple things, like for Clara to marry him; a good life; no complications or distractions.How about the irony of the title?Who expects what in Great Expectation s? Are the expectations really "great"?Pip is the main character that has expectations in this novel. After he meets Miss Havisham and Estella, he becomes discontented with his station in life. Estella describes his hands as "rough," and her learning and beauty intimidates him. He realizes, for the first time, that there could be other things out there in the world, and he aspires to them. He is embarassed by his lowly station. He develops expectations in regards to his life; he wants to rise above his circumstances and become a gentleman. The expectations refer to both money, and his station in life. They are tied together, hand-in-hand. His expectations are also tied to Estella herself--he feels that if he can rise to her expectations of what a gentleman should be, then he can have her love. He expects to be with her, to marry her, and to love her. He expects to earn her love in return through raising his own station in life. Pipfeels that if he can't have these things, he can't be happy; happiness is his end goal, and he feels that he knows how to attain it.Upon the receipt of money, Pip does indeed step into circumstances that allow him to become educated, refined, and a "gentleman." However, he learns that those things that he had been expecting were not that great after all. Having money alienates him from his true friends and family, brings out people who want to take advantage of him, and doesn't, in the end, get him Estella. Pip thought that money could help him to attain his expectations of happiness, but they didn't. If happiness is indeed the end goal, Dickens asserts that money is not the way to get it.I hope that those thoughts helped; good luck!At the beginning of the book, Pip does not have many expectations. He expects to be a blacksmith like Joe since that is what is available to him. However, his encounter in the graveyard with the convict changes things. He promises to bring food, a file, etc. and not to tell what he's seen. He keeps his promise, and then suddenly he is told he has a sort of trust fund. This will allow him to go to the city, become educated, work in a business that doesn't leave him covered in ashes and soot, and dress like a gentleman. He is able to live with dignity--even though Joe's tenderness and ability to connect with people prove to be more dignified than what Pip becomes as a man of means.A "young fellow of great expectations" simply means he has the money to do something more than what was originally planned for him. He has risen a rung or two on the social ladder.The reason Charles Dickens titled it so was because Pip had had a hard life in so short a lifetime, and when he supposedly came into good fortune, he had high hopes of a better life--an education, a good home, plenty to eat, nice clothes to wear. But the greatest hope of all was the love of Estella, who spurned him constantly. It was always his greatest dream that she could love him and in the end, after much suffering, she final I would say that Pip gets some of his great expectation, but not all of it.The main part of Pip's great expectation is that he will become a gentleman and a man with money. This part of his expectation comes true as he becomes much more (economically and socially) than he was at the start of the book.However, Pip does not get this in the way he expects. He gets it because of the help of a convict, not Miss Havisham.In addition, Pip does not get Estella the way he thinks he will at the beginning of the book. He starts out thinking they will marry, but that does not happen.ly did.When they first meet, Estella treats Pip horribly. She makes fun of his appearance, his stature (social status) and how he speaks. She mentions his clothing and his thick-soled shoes. She repeats the phrase "common boy" when referring to him or even speaking directly to him. Then she teases him for calling the Jacks (in a deck of cards) Knaves.In fact, she seems eager to make him cry. Miss Havisham raised her to be cruel and reject any form of love. She herself was never taught to love or how to feel loved. So her first encounter and many more after that with Pip are all very hard on him. He so badly wants to win her over, only to finally realize that she will never have him.The moral theme of “Great Expectations” is very basic. It is an old moral theme that has been around as long as man has walked on this earth. Pip, and the reader, learns that affection, loyalty, and conscience are more important than social advancement, wealth, and class. Charles Dickens creates this theme and the novel isbased on Pip learning this very lesson. Pip spends the novel exploring ideas of ambition and self-improvement. Pip is an idealist and if he can think it up, and if it is better than what he has, he wants it. When he first sees Satis House, he decides he wants to be a wealthy gentleman; when he thinks of his immorality, he tries to be better; when he realizes that he cannot read, he longs to learn how. Pip's desire for self-improvement creates “great expectations” about his future.There are many moral lessons in this novel. The main one is that wealth cannot bring happiness. and that appearances can misrepresent reality. When Pip visit the Satis House, everything contradicts what Pip's definition of rich. It is a worn-old house and sunshine never comes in the house. Estella has been raised to led an unhappy life, cruel and incapable of love. In later chapters, Pip will meet a convict, Magwitch. During that time, convicts are regard as being bad. However, Magwith turns out to be a compassionate man who works hard to give "expectations" to Pip in return for his kindness Pip shown when Pip give food to him many years ago.In Pip, the reader sees several of the themes of the novel: obsession, desire, greed, guilt, ambition, wealth, and good and evil. Pip leaves his state of childish innocence and "grace" and descends into sin on his quest to gain his desires. He wants it all and he wants no costs. Yet Dickens does not make him totally bad, instead leaving the truly good qualities asleep underneath. They surface as his guilt over his snobbery to Joe and Biddy, over dragging Herbert into debt, and about trading Joe for a convict's money. Even during his worst moments, Pip manages to show some good, as, for example, when he sets Herbert up in business. His road back to grace starts when Magwitch reveals himself as the source of Pip's rise in social stature. The irony that the source of his gentility is from a creature more socially detestable than the uneducated Joe is not lost on Pip. It is the slap in the face that brings Pip out of the fantasy world he has been living in. His dream has suddenly been seen in the light of day, and now he knows what it has cost him.Pip, brought up by his sister “by hand”, is a poor but kind o rphan with a sensitive and timid heart of tenderness. One arranged trip to Satis House makes great changes in Pip, which forges the first memorable link on the long chain of his life. Since then, his dignity is tramped and his heart is attracted by Estella, the adopted daughter of Miss Havisham (the owner of Satis house), who is marvelously charming, completely attractive and terribly arrogant. In Pip’s eye, she is well educated and noble, while Pip himself is poor and coarse. Therefore, in Pip’s mind, a g reat expectation to be higher and richer is necessarily needed to stuff the great gap existed there as the stumbling block of his romantic desire and the shameful source of humbleness. By accident, supported by a man unexpected and unknown, he is able to l ive in London as a gentleman. However, all these promising points don’t promise him a fulfillment of his expectation. Finally, waking up from dreams and reality of mistakes, he only finds his burning affections receive nothing but pains, his life in London gives him no more than a habit of squandering money and a lot of debt, and a piece of guilty to Joe for his moral depravation./k expectation as gloomy and frustrating. There are both inner factors and reasons from the outside. This passage will try to discovery them.Pip’s first trip to Satis House is memorable to him. It leaves many heavy and dark marks in his young soul of nothingness, as well as numerous influences on his life that lasts long and affects him deeply. This trip opens his mind to the knowledge of another living different from his. The former is richness and nobleness; while the latter of his own is poverty and humbleness. He gets a glimpse of the richness beyond poverty, and suffers disdain from the noble. And his actual experience that he, as a symbol of poverty, is terribly trampled by Estella, the emblem of richness, leads him into an unhealthy morality that poverty is a state to be despised andhumbleness is a natural product before richness. Therefore, he falls into Estella’s way of thinking and implants it into his mind. This imparts a fresh belittling opinion (actually one kind of pure prejudice) on what he is and what he has. Just like Estella’s despising words, he also despises himself as a common boy with “coarse hands and thick b oots”, and regards his life as a low—lived, bad way. He “began at heart to hate his trade and to be ashamed of his home”, (P101) and even extends this kind of hate to Mr. Joe (his best companion and supporter) by wondering whyhe is not a gentleman.Basically, it is not his poverty that makes him humble, but his newly developed morality attaches prejudice to poverty. He looks down upon himself because hismind has been richness-orientated while his body is still in poverty. From then on, He has been in the way that Estella thinks, and tries best to be in the way that Estella lives. From then on, he feels humble, and tries best to displace this feeling of humbleness with another feeling of superiority from richness.With this imitated way of thinking implanted in mind, Pip, of course, wants to change all of these, to stave off any trace of poverty and to establish himself as a gentleman. Here his hate and belittling himself just due to poverty, as well as his expectation to be out of poverty and into richness avails us of a clear and close look into his inner mind: to be poor is to be humble, while to command money is to command superiority.Moreover, his rejection of what he is and what he has is also a negation of himself, is also a producer of inferiority and a killer of confidence. Therefore, the more he cares about his poverty and coarseness, the more inferior and less confident he is. That’s why when he stands before Estella, firstly he feels shy and humble, and later is humble enough to fell submissive to her and trembles nervously. The once poverty in body labels poverty in mind for all. And the lack of confidence and the obsession of inferiority lead to the deadly shortage of the key mental support for his expectation. It’s hard to imagine or believe that a heart of weakness can make its expectation fulfilled. In this sense, Pip’s expectation to be higher and richer is also a mental process to make himself more inferior and less confident. On one hand, he shapes a dream to be higher, while on the other, he gradually slips into mental impotence. On one hand, his dream becomes bigger, on the other, his heart gets weaker. Therefore, under these values, his expectation is an external self—improvement, while his feeling inferior is nothing but internal self—destruction. He unconsciously and inevitably sows the seeds of self-destruction at the very beginning of his self-improvement.In a word, darkness brings people a pair of dark eyes to search for light, while poverty renders Pip a pair of poor eyes to be little himself. Life, besides status, entails so many other aspects. But Pip, just for his poverty, negates what he is and despises what he has completely. He regards poverty as enemy, and at the same time he glorifies the richness, putting them separately o n the two extremes of life’ value, with one in the hell, the other in the heaven. And his soul is just wandering between the hell and the heaven. Virtually, these values to abhor poverty seriouslyon one hand and to consecrate richness on the other is a kind of unbalance, is a distortion of reality. And accordingly leads Pip’s mind into a status of unbalance and distortion.who treats him coldly and contemptuouslytremendous grief and remorse. Several years go by, until one night a familiar figure barges i nto Pip’s room—the convict, Magwitch, who stuns Pip by announcing that he, not Miss Havisham, is the source of Pip’s fortune. He tells Pip that he was so movedby Pip’s boyhood kindness that he dedicated his life to making Pip a gentleman, and he made a fortune in Australia for that very purpose.Pip is appalled, but he feels morally bound to help Magwitch escape London, as the convict is pursued both by the police and by Compeyson, his former partner in crime. Pip’s idealism often leads him to perceive the world rather narrowly, and his tendency to oversimplify situations based on superficial values leads him to behave badly toward the people who care about him. When Pip becomes a gentleman, for example, he immediately begins to act as he thinks a gentleman is supposed to act, which leads him to treat Joe and Biddy snobbishly and coldly.On the other hand, Pip is at heart a very generous and sympathetic young man, a fact that can be witnessed in his numerous acts of kindness throughout the book (helping Magw itch, secretly buying Herbert’s way into business, etc.) and his essential love for all those who love him. Pip’s main line of development in the novel may be seen as the process of learning to place his innate sense of kindness and conscience above his immature idealism.Ambition and self-improvement take three forms in Great Expectations—moral, social, and educational; these motivate Pip’s best and his worst behavior throughout the novel. First, Pip desires moral self-improvement. He is extremely hard on himself when he acts immorally and feels powerful guilt that spurs him to act better in the future. When he leaves for London, for instance, he torments himself about having behaved so wretchedly toward Joe and Biddy. Second, Pip desires social self-improvementSignificantly, Pip’s life as a gentleman is no more satisfying—and certainly no more moral—than his previous life as a blacksmith’s apprentice.Throughout the novel, social class provides an arbitrary, external standard of value by which the characters (particularly Pip) judge one another. Because social class is rigid and preexisting, it is an attractive standard for every character who lacks a clear conscience with which to make judgments—Mrs. Joe and Pumblechook, for instance. And because high social class is associated with romantic qualities such as luxury and education, it is an immediately attractive standard of value for Pip. After he is elevated to the status of gentleman, though, Pip begins to see social class for what it is: an unjust, capricious standard that is largely incompatible with his own morals. There is simply no reason why Bentley Drummle should be valued above Joe, and Pip senses that fact. The most important lesson Pip learns in the novel—and perhaps the most important theme in Great Expectations—is that no external standard of value can replace the judgments of one’s own conscience. Characters such as Joe and Biddy know this instinctively; for Pip, it is a long, hard lesson, the learning of which makes up much of the book.。
狄更斯《远大前程》英文【精品】
• What do you think of when you hear the word success? What does it mean to you?
Great Expectations
Background on England in the 1800s
• The 1800s were a turbulent time in England. • Poverty and disease were rampant. • The legal system was unjust.
Bildungsroman
• Story is an example of a bildungsroman
– A German word meaning “a novel of selfcultivation” – a novelistic form that concentrates on the development and growth of the protagonist usually from childhood to maturity – “Coming of age story” – The protagonist goes on a journey of some kind. – The novel ends with an understanding by the protagonist of himself/herself and his/her new place in the world.
Themes
• • • • Good vs. Evil and Right vs. Wrong Struggle Between Social Classes Ambition The Burden of Guilt