英汉翻译文学翻译共88页
文学翻译(英译汉)
I thought of that one evening as I was driving. The moon, one day short of fullness, rode with me, first gliding smoothly, then bouncing over the bumpy stretches, now on my right, then straight ahead, the silver light washing over dry grasses in open fields, streaking along through black branches, finally disappearing as the road wound its way through the一轮满月晃晃悠悠地悬浮在上面，离我们那么近，仿佛就要掉下来撞到我们身上。它光华照人，比前一天晚上还大，更令人心驰神往，在熔银般的水塘上空悄悄地爬升。就连十岁的孩童也能看出，这不仅仅是个月亮。这是个大写的月亮。
我转过身，只见约翰正咧着嘴笑，满脸期盼的神情；他热切的目光想从我的脸上探明他是否博得了我的欢心。他确实博得了我的欢心。我意识到现在月儿也正在随他同行。
（方杰译）
讲解
这是一篇非常优美的关于月亮的散文，它将细腻的描写和真挚的情感及人生感悟交融在一起。翻译这样的文章，译者不仅要译出基本信息——字面上的意思，还要译出原文的韵味。这就需要在选词、句式安排及形象化词语的运用上仔细琢磨，不仅要注意字、句上的局部效果，更要注意段落、篇章的整体效果。
John blinked a few times and looked at me as if I might, indeed, be loony. “Mom, it’s just the moon. Is this the surprise?” I suppose he was hoping for a puppy.
汉译英原文及参考译文
第二类神是吸收了其他宗教的神而来的，如佛教的如来、弥 勒、观音，道教的太上老君和赵公元帅。太上老君是道家对 春秋时期有名的哲学家老子的尊称；至于赵公元帅，老百姓 把他供作财神。
Another kind was from different religions, such as Tathagata, Maitreya and the Guanyin Bodhisattva from Buddhism, and the Supreme Old Lord and General Zhao from Taoism. The Supreme Old Lord was actually Laozi, a famous philosopher of the Spring and Autumn Period. General Zhao, however, was worshiped as the God of Wealth.
史学方法 The Historical Method
史学方法是任何历史研究工作者必须学习的课程，也是正 确掌握历史研究的一种重要训练。
The historical method is an obligatory course for anyone engaged in historical research. It is also an important training for a researcher to grasp the essence of his research work.
一类是古代的神，他们都有明确的职责，如掌管宇宙的玉皇大 帝，掌管吃喝和一家祸福的灶神，掌管雨水的龙王，象征长寿 的南极寿星。 One kind was the gods of ancient times, each of whom had their own power and responsibilities to perform. For example, the Jade Emperor was in charge of the entire universe, the Kitchen God of food, drinks, happiness and misfortunes, the Dragon King of rain and floods, and the south-Pole Star of Longevity was symbolic of long lives.
文学文本英译
也就在这一幅绚烂的图画旁边，在河湾之畔，一群羊正在低头觅食。
Beside this picture with profusions of colors, a group of sheep are lowing their heads, eating by the river bank. Just beside this splendid picture, a flock of sheep are grazing with bent heads by the riverside. 中文中的动词转化
增加句子主语
文学文本
信息功能
表情功能
文学文本主要功能
美感功能 呼唤功能
信息功能
Just beside this splendid picture, a flock of sheep are grazing with bent heads by the riverside. This is a scene taking place on the shore of the Yellow River.
Here the water grass is so luxuriant and tender that the sheep have battened on them
表（达）情（感）功能
Hardly any of them cares to look up and throw a glance at the beautiful twilight.
They are, perhaps, taking use of every minute to enjoy their last chew before being driven home. The ample fresh water and exuberant plants had nurtured the sheep, making them grow as round as chubby babies. When approaching near, you would find their lovely faces with white teeth and a variety of innocent facial impressions.
文学翻译
Translate the following story into Chinese.THIS SON-LESS LIFE爱子逝去，生命成空Frank Leatherland弗兰克，莱斯兰德I hear his car pull in and park. The sound of his footsteps. The door opens and, as usual, he says: “Hi, Dad. Sorry I’m late.” He came to have a meal with me three times a week and he was always late. He has gone now. He will not be with me for dinner ever again.我听到他的停车声，脚步声。
紧接着门开了，他像往常一样说道：“对不起，父亲，我回来晚了。
”他每周回来三次与我一起共进晚餐，但他总是回来得很晚。
现在，他已逝去，永远不会再与我一起共享晚餐了。
It’s four weeks since my son Stephen died, and I am s truggling to come to terms with his death and the circumstances. He did not show up to meet my flight from Melbourne. There was no answer to my calls or text messages.我的孩子，史蒂夫已经去世四周了，但我一直在与他已死去的事实和一切做挣扎。
当我乘飞机从墨尔本返回时他没有来接我，我给他的电话以及短讯都没有了回音。
Thirty-six hours later, on Wednesday at 6:30 am, the police told me his car had been found. As soon as I heard the location I prepared for the worst. The rest of that day is a blur of activity and shock. I went to see his mother at 8 am to break the news. There was a continuous flow of calls to and from the police.他逝去的三十六小时后，周三早晨六点三十分，警察通知我发现了他的车子所在位置。
英汉互译之文学名篇翻译赏析
文学翻译赏析一、雄健阳刚类艰难的国运与雄健的国民李大钊历史的道路，不会是坦平的，有时走到艰难险阻的境界。
这是全靠雄健的精神才能够冲过去的。
一条浩浩荡荡的长江大河，有时流到很宽阔的境界，平原无际，一泻万里。
有是流到很逼狭的境界，两岸丛山迭岭，绝壁断崖，江河流于其间，回环曲折，极其险峻。
民族生命的进展，其经历亦复如是。
人类在历史上的生活正如旅行一样。
旅途上的征人所经过的地方，有时是坦荡平原，有时是崎岖险路。
老于旅途的人，走到平坦的地方，固是高高兴兴地向前走，走到崎岖的境界，愈是奇趣横生，觉得在此奇绝壮绝的境界，愈能感到一种冒险的美趣。
中华民族现在所逢的史路，是一段崎岖险阻的道路。
在这一段道路上，实在亦有一种奇绝壮绝的景致，使我们经过此段道路的人，感得一种壮美的趣味。
但这种壮美的趣味，是非有雄健的精神的人不能够感觉到的。
我们的扬子江，黄河，可以代表我们的民族精神。
扬子江及黄河遇见沙漠，遇见山峡都是浩浩荡荡的往前流过去，以成其浊流滚滚，一泻万里的魄势。
目前的艰难境界，那能阻抑我们民族生命的曲调，在这悲壮歌声中，走过这崎岖险阻的道路。
要知在艰难的国运中建造国家，亦是人生最有趣味的事。
The Bad Luck of China and the Strong Will of the ChineseLi DazhaoThe progress of history sometimes comes into a territory full of hardships and hindrances, and only by means of strong will can it run through the territory.Sometimes in an extensive and open terrain with boundless plains, a huge and mighty river flows vigorously down thousands of miles. Sometimes it runs in an imposing and narrow terrain with ranges of high mountains, crags and cliffs. It zigzags its way down through them, which is drastically hazardous and precipitous. The progress of a nation undergoes the same experience.The life of human race in history is just like a journey. The places the travelers have traversed are open and flat here, but craggy and risky there. Walking on a flat and level road, an experienced traveler certainly feels delighted. However, walking in a rugged and rough terrain, one can enjoy more wits and humor. Walking in such an area of wonderful and magnificent scenes, one can savor more tastes of adventure.The road of history taken today by the Chinese nation is one full of twists and turns. But in this section of the road, there is an extremely fabulous and magnificent view which makes those of us who are going and have gone through it feel glorious and hallowed. It is a feel only those strongly-determined people are capable of enjoying.The Yangtze River and Yellow River stand well for our national spirit. They run into deserts and mountains, and mightily they run. They develop into huge muddy streams and vigorously theydash and roar down thousands of miles. The current crisis can never stop our nation from advancing forward. Strongly determined, we should sing a march and, accompanied by this touching and tragic song.白杨礼赞矛盾……那就是白杨树，西北极普通的一种树，然而实在不是平凡的一种树。
资料：1. 文学翻译英汉一
英汉文学翻译（一）On the Difference Between Wit and HumorBy Charles S. BrooksI am not sure that I can draw an exact line between wit and humor. Perhaps the distinction is so subtle that only those persons can decide who have long white beards. But even an ignorant man, so long as he is clear of Bedlam（混论）, may have an opinion.I am quite positive that of the two(指机智与幽默), humor is the more comfortable and more livable quality. Humorous persons, if their gift is genuine and not a mere shine upon the surface, are always agreeable companions and they sit through the evening best. They have pleasant mouths turned up at the corners（比喻他们能把艰涩的话说明白）. To these corners the great Master of marionettes has fixed the strings and he holds them in his nimblest fingers to twitch them at the slightest jest（把幽默者比喻成“the great Master of marionettes ”,“he holds them in his nimblest fingers to twitch them”比喻幽默者运用他精彩绝伦的语言表达艺术把话形象生动地说出来）. But the mouth of a merely witty man is hard and sour（话语艰涩）until the moment of its discharge. Nor is the flash（比喻头脑中一闪而过的灵光）from a witty man always comforting, whereas a humorous man radiates a general pleasure（夸张比喻油然而生的满足感）and is like another candle in the room.I admire wit, but I have no real liking for it. It has been too often employed against me, whereas humor is always an ally. It never points an impertinent（粗鲁的；）finger into my defects. Humorous persons do not sit like explosives on a fuse（比喻像熔炉里的炸药）. They are safe and easy comrades. But a wit's tongue is as sharp as a donkey driver's stick. I may gallop（疾驰）the faster for its prodding（刺激）, yet the touch behind is too persuasive for any comfort.Wit is a lean creature with sharp inquiring nose（夸张比喻，带有灵敏嗅觉的精简结构）, whereas humor has a kindly eye and comfortable girth（夸张比喻幽默有温柔的眼睛和舒适的周长）. Wit, if it be necessary, uses malice（恶意）to score a point--like a cat it is quick to jump--but humor keeps the peace in an easy chair. Wit has a better voice in a solo, but humor comes into the chorus best. Wit is as sharp as a stroke of lightning, whereas humor is diffuse（弥漫）like sunlight. Wit keeps the season's fashions and is precise in the phrases and judgments of the day, but humor is concerned with homely eternal things. Wit wears silk, but humor in homespun endures the wind. Wit sets a snare（陷阱）, whereas humor goes off （突发（声音））whistling without a victim in its mind. Wit is sharper company at table, but humor serves better in mischance and in the rain. When it tumbles, wit is sour, but humor goes uncomplaining without its dinner. Humor laughs at another's jest and holds its sides, while wit sits wrapped in study for a lively answer. But it（要弄明这个代词指的是什么，其实就是a workaday world）is a workaday world in which we live, where we get mud upon our boots and come weary to the twilight（比喻我们在生活里遇到不如意的时候）--it is a world that grieves and suffers from many wounds in these years of war: and therefore as I think of my acquaintance, it is those who are humorous in its best and truest meaning rather than those who are witty who give the more profitable companionship.And then, also, there is wit that is not wit. As someone has written:Nor ever noise for wit on me could pass,When thro' the braying I discern'd the ass.（这个举例只能按字面翻译，大概作者就是想说有种机智不是机智的现象）I sat lately at dinner with a notoriously witty person (a really witty man) whom our hostess had introduced to provide the entertainment. I had read many of his reviews of books and plays, and while I confess their wit and brilliancy, I had thought them to be hard and intellectual and lacking in all that broader base of humor which aims at truth. His writing--catching the bad habit of the time--is too ready to proclaim a paradox and to assert the unusual, to throw aside in contempt the valuable haystack（干草堆）in a fine search for a paltry（无价值的）needle. His reviews are seldom right--as most of us see the right--but they sparkle and hold one's interest for their perversity（邪恶）and unexpected turns.In conversation I found him much as I had found him in his writing--although, strictly speaking, it was not a conversation, which requires an interchange of word and idea and is turn about. A conversation should not be a market where one sells and another buys. Rather, it should be a bargaining back and forth, and each person should be both merchant and buyer. My rubber plant for your victrola(手摇留声机), each offering what he has and seeking his deficiency. It was my friend B--- who fairly（简直）put the case（假设）when he said that he liked so much to talk that he was willing to pay for his audience by listening in his turn.But this was a speech and a lecture. He loosed on us（loose something on/upon someone/something）from the cold spigot（水龙头）of his intellect a steady flow of literary（文学的） allusion（比喻）--a practice which he professes（公开）to hold in scorn--and wit and epigram（警句）. He seemed torn from the page of Meredith（像从梅雷迪斯这本书里面走出来的人物一样）. He talked like ink. I had believed before that only people in books could talk as he did, and then only when their author had blotted and scratched their performance for a seventh time before he sent it to the printer. To me it was an entirely new experience, for my usual acquaintances are good common honest daytime woollen folk（毛原民风斗篷）[132] and they seldom average better than one bright thing in an evening.At first I feared that there might be a break in his flow of speech which I should be obliged to fill. Once, when there was a slight pause--a truffle（松露）was engaging him--I launched a frail remark; but it was swept off at once in the renewed torrent. And seriously it does not seem fair. If one speaker insists--to change the figure--on laying all the cobbles of a conversation, he should at least allow another to carry the tar pot and fill in the chinks（裂缝）. When the evening was over, although I recalled two or three clever stories, which I shall botch in the telling, I came away tired and dissatisfied, my tongue dry with disuse.Now I would not seek that kind of man as a companion with whom to be becalmed in a sailboat, and I would not wish to go to the country with him, least of all to the North Woods or any place outside of civilization. I am sure that he would sulk（生气愠怒）if he were deprived of an audience. He would be crotchety（想入非非的）at breakfast across his bacon. Certainly for the woods a humorous man is better company, for his humor in mischance comforts both him and you.A humorous man--and here lies the heart of the matter--a humorous man has the high gift of regarding an annoyance in the very stroke of it as another man shall regard it when the annoyance is long past. If a humorous person falls out of a canoe he knows the exquisite jest while his head is still bobbing in the cold water. A witty man, on the contrary, is sour until he is changed and dry: but in a week's time when company is about, he will make a comic story of it.My friend A--- with whom I went once into the Canadian woods has genuine humor, and no one can be a more satisfactory comrade. I do not recall that he said many comic things, and at bottom he was serious as the best humorists are. But in him there was a kind of joy and exaltation thatlasted throughout the day. If the duffle（露营装备）were piled too high and fell about his ears, if the dinner was burned or the tent blew down in a driving storm at night, he met these mishaps as though they were the very things（想要的）he had come north to get, as though without them the trip would have lacked its spice. This is an easy philosophy in retrospect but hard when the wet canvas falls across you and the rain beats in. A--- laughed at the very moment of disaster as another man will laugh later in an easy chair. I see him now swinging his axe for firewood to dry ourselves when we were spilled in a rapids; and again, while pitching our tent on a sandy beach when another storm had drowned us. And there is a certain cry of his (dully, Wow! on paper) expressive to the initiated of all things gay, which could never issue from the mouth of a merely witty man.Real humor is primarily human--or divine, to be exact--and after that the fun may follow naturally in its order. Not long ago I saw Louis Jouvet(查不到权威翻译，只能自己音译) of the French Company play Sir Andrew Ague-Cheek. It was a most humorous performance of the part, and the reason is that the actor made no primary effort to be funny. It was the humanity of his playing, making his audience love him first of all, that provoked the comedy. His long thin legs were comical and so was his drawling talk, but the very heart and essence was this love he started in his audience. Poor fellow! How delightfully he smoothed the feathers in his hat! How he feared to fight the duel! It was easy to love such a dear silly human fellow. A merely witty player might have drawn as many laughs, but there would not have been the catching at the heart.As for books and the wit or humor of their pages, it appears that wit fades, whereas humor lasts. Humor uses permanent nutgalls. But is there anything more melancholy than the wit of another generation? In the first place, this wit is intertwined with forgotten circumstance. It hangs on a fashion（风尚犹存）--on the style of a coat. It arose from a forgotten bit of gossip. In the play of words the sources of the pun are lost. It is like a local jest in a narrow coterie（小圈子）, barren to an outsider. Sydney Smith was the most celebrated wit of his day, but he is dull reading now. Blackwood's at its first issue was a witty daring sheet, but for us the pages are stagnant. I suppose that no one now laughs at the witticisms of Thomas Hood. Where are the wits of yesteryear? Yet the humor of Falstaff and Lamb and Fielding remains and is a reminder to us that humor, to be real, must be founded on humanity and on truth."On the Difference Between Wit and Humor" by Charles S. Brooks first appeared in the collection Chimney-Pot Papers published in 1919 by Yale University Press.词汇表：（一）人名地名FalstaffLambFieldingthe North WoodsLouis JouvetCharles S. Brooks（二）生僻词Bedlam（混论）impertinent（粗鲁的）coterie（小圈子）paltry（无价值的）spigot（水龙头）woollen folk（毛原民风斗篷）perversity（邪恶）（三）心理情感类crotchety（想入非非的）sulk（生气愠怒）（四）名词Marionette（牵线木偶）Nimble (敏捷的)Engaging（迷人的）翻译技巧：整篇文章主要翻译难题是句子的比喻意义很难说明白，只能联系上下文自己琢磨。
汉英翻译
3. From the passage, we got the idea(s); _____. A. poetry belongs to all human beings B. poetry plays with sounds, words and grammar C. poetry often follows special patterns of rhythm and rhyme D. all of the above
5. From the text, we can infer that _____. A. we’d better read poems in English B. translated poems can’t express intrinsic meaning of original poems C. there is no advantage of reading English poetry in Chinese translation D. Chinese translation poems are as good as English poems
⑤
George Gordon Byron
⑥
John Keats
⑦
William Wordsworth
Modern poets 20th
⑧ Robert Frost
the introduction of English poetry to China (the end of 19th )
1910---1930
Unit 4
Reading
汉英翻译 poet Poem Poetry Grammer Image Glory Follow Character
sonnet rhythm rhyme generation isle district attraction embrace translate atmosphere absence literature light up play with bring together remind of pattern
经典英汉翻译PPT课件
译文1：我爱我的爱人为了一个E，因为 她是Enticing（迷人的）；我恨我的爱人 为了一个E，因为她是Engaged（订了婚 的）。我用我的爱人象征Exquisite（美 妙），我劝我的爱人从事Elopement（私 奔），她的名字是Emily（爱弥丽），她 的住处在East（东方）。（董秋斯译）
她依然很美，如果不是芳华正茂，也还 不到迟暮之年。
While the present century was in its teens, and on one sunshiny morning in June, there drove up to the great iron gate of Miss Pinkerton's academy for young ladies, on Chiswick Mall, a large family coach, with two fat horses in blazing harness, driven by a fat coachman in a three-cornered hat and wig, at the rate of four miles an hour.
（马红军）
Those privileged to be present at a family festival of the Forsytes have seen that charming and instructive sight—an upper middle-class family in full plumage．
联合国所起的作用与其所耗的费用已不 相称了。
联合国的作用已难抵其费用。