考研英语阅读同义词注解
考研同义近形词归纳一．名词中同义词、近形词部分归纳•1．表示“能力”意思的词语：Ability, capability, competency(n. 能力（等于competence）；资格), faculty(n. 科，系；能力；全体教员), capacity, gift, talent2．表示“目的、目标”意思的词语：Aim, purpose, aim, intent, intention, goal, end•3．表示“关系、联系”意思的词语：Ties, bonds, links, connection, association(n. 协会，联盟，社团；联合；联想), relations, combination, relationship, interrelations(n. 相互关系), relevance(n. 关联；适当；中肯)4．表示“差别”意思的词语：Difference, distinction(n. 区别；差别；特性；荣誉、勋章), differentiation5．表示“资本、资金”意思的词语：Capital(n. 首都，省会；资金；大写字母；资本家adj. 首都的；重要的；大写的), fund, money, relief n. 救济；减轻，解除；安慰6．表示“个人”意思的词语：Person, people, folks, individuals, man, human being7．表示“意义、含义”意思的词语：Meaning, significance n. 意义；重要性；意思, implication n. 含义；暗示；牵连，卷入, connotation n. 内涵；含蓄；暗示，隐含意义；储蓄的东西（词、语等）•8．表示“部分、成分”意思的词语：Part, element, ingredient n. 原料；要素；组成部分adj. 构成组成部分的, component adj. 组成的，构成的n. 成分；组件；[电子] 元件, factor, segment vi. 分割n. 段；部分vt. 分割9．表示“不平等、歧视”意思的词语：Inequality, bias, prejudice, discrimination10．表示“对手、支持者”意思的词语：Opponent, rivals, proponent n. 支持者；建议者；提出认证遗嘱者, advocates11．表示“商品”意思的词语：Commodity, goods12．表示“将来”意思的词语：Future, prospect13．表示“理由”意思的词语：Reason, ground, cause•14．表示“后代、子孙”意思的词语：Offspring, descendant, posterity n. 子孙，后裔；后代, children15．表示“补充”意思的词语：Complement, supplement，append vt. 附加；贴上；盖章n. 设置数据文件的搜索路径16．表示与“树木”有关的词语：Bush, shrub n. 灌木；灌木丛, jungle17．表示“边界”意思的词语：Boundary, border, frontier, verge vi. 濒临，接近；处在边缘n. 边缘18．表示“错误”意思的词语：Blunder, error, mistake, fault19．表示“基础”意思的词语：Basis, foundation, ground20．表示“会议”意思的词语：Assembly n. 装配；集会，集合, conference, congress, seminar n. 讨论会，研讨班, session, summit, symposium n. 讨论会，座谈会；专题论文集；酒宴，宴会, meeting, gathering, party21．表示“区域”意思的词语：Area, district n. 区域；地方；行政区, region, vicinity n. 邻近，附近；近处, zone 22．表示“成就”意思的词语：Accomplishment n. 成就；完成；技艺，技能, attainment n. 达到；成就；学识, achievement, success23．表示“要点、摘要”意思的词语：abstract n. 摘要；抽象；抽象的概念adj. 抽象的；深奥的vt. 摘要；提取；使……抽象化digest vt. 消化；吸收；融会贯通, outline, summary24．表示“程度”意思的词语：to the degree, to some extent25．表示“生气”意思的词语：Anger, fury n. 狂怒；暴怒；激怒者, indignation , n. 愤慨；愤怒；义愤resentment, resent [ri'zent] vt. 怨恨；愤恨；厌恶hate, hatred26．表示“ 痛苦，悲伤”意思的词语：pain, sadness, unhappiness, misery n. 痛苦，悲惨；不幸；苦恼；穷困, anguish n. 痛苦；苦恼vt. 使极度痛苦27．表示“标准”意思的词语：standard, criteria n. 标准，条件（criterion的复数）28．字形相似的词：welfare（福利）, warfare（战争）, farewell（告别）29．字形相似的词：attitude（态度）, altitude（海拔，高度）, magnitude（数量）, multitude（多数）, aptitude （天资，天赋）, latitude（纬度, 地区), gratitude(感谢)30．字形相似的词：convention(习俗，传统), conversion（变化，转换）,conviction（坚定的信念或看法）, conservation（保存，保持）, conversation（交谈）31．字形相似和近义词：vocation, job, work, profession, occupation, field, career, /vacation, holiday, travel, journey, voyage, trip, excursion32．近义词：pace（步伐）, speed（速度，速率）, rate（速度，百分比）,ratio（比例，比率）, rhythm （韵律，节奏）33．近义词：process(进程,过程), procedure(步骤，手续)，course(时间的经过)二．常用的动词同义词归纳1．表示“导致”意思的词语：Lead to, bring about, give rise to, give birth to, contribute to, cause…to, result in, engender, render, prompt, cause, make, result from（起因于）2．表示“面对、偶遇”意思的词语：Confront, be confronted with, face, be faced with, meet with, encounter.3．表示“集中于”意思的词语：Center on, focus on, concentrate on4．表示“对付、处理”意思的词语：Deal with, cope with, handle, tackle, manipulate, vt. 操纵；操作；巧妙地处理5．表示“消失”意思的词语：Disappear, vanish, fade, perish vi. 死亡；毁灭；腐烂；枯萎•6．表示“减少、增加”意思的词语：Diminish, lessen, decrease, drop, reduce, fall, /accumulate vi. 累积；积聚, increase, rise, soar, rocket vi. 飞驰，飞快地移动；迅速增加7．表示“依靠、依赖”意思的词语：Rely on(upon), depend on(upon), count on (upon), rest on(upon)8．表示“变化”意思的词语：Change, turn, vary/range, alter, transform, shift, convert. vi. 转变，变换；皈依；改变信仰9．表示“指控”意思的词语：Charge with, accuse of, sue for, condemn, denounce, prosecute vi. 起诉；告发；作检察官10．表示“克服、战胜”意思的词语：Overcome, conquer, defeat,11．表示“获得、得到”意思的词语：Achieve, obtain, get, accomplish, earn, attain, secure adj. 安全的；无虑的；有把握的；稳当的vt. 保护；弄到；招致；缚住, acquire, gain12．表示“抓住”意思的词语：Catch, seize, capture, catch hold of, grab13．表示“限制”意思的词语：Limit, confine, restrict. vt. 限制；约束；限定14．表示“强迫”意思的词语：compel, constrain, force, oblige vt. 迫使；强制；赐，施恩惠；责成15．表示“责怪”意思的词语：blame, condemn, reproach n. 责备；耻辱, scold。
16．表示“困惑、迷惑”意思的词语：bewilder, puzzle, confuse, embarrass, perplex vt. 使困惑，使为难；使复杂化。
17．表示“赞扬、称赞”意思的词语：applaud, clap, commend, praise18．表示“扩大、加强”意思的词语：amplify, enlarge, stretch, magnify, reinforce, expand19．表示“声称”意思的词语：affirm vt. 肯定；断言, assert, allege, claim, announce, proclaim 。
vt. 宣告，公布；声明；表明；赞扬20．表示“附加”意思的词语：affiliate vt. 使附属；接纳；使紧密联系, link, attach, append。
vt. 附加；贴上；盖章21．表示“调整、改变”意思的词语：adjust, regulate vt. 调节，规定；控制；校准；有系统的管理, rectify, amend vt. 修改；改善，改进,convert, alter, modify, transform, vary。
完整版考研英语近义词辨析
完整版考研英语近义词辨析考研英语近义近形词辨析（一）1. adapt 习惯adopt 收养2. alive 活着的living 活的,起作用的lively 爽朗的live 直播（节目）3. alone 单独的,孤独的lonely 寂寞的，（地点）僻静的4. attribute 归结与contribute 贡献distribute 分发tribute 贡品,礼物5. afford 供应得起effort 努力6. believe 相信relieve 减轻7.confirm 确定confine 限制confess 承认confuse 使糊涂refuse 拒绝8. commit 犯(错误)submit 递交permit 允许admit 承认omit 省略9. cure 治愈curve 使弯曲curse 诅咒10. considerate 思考周到的 considerable 相当多的considering 思考到,顾及11. clear 清晰的clean 清洁的12. definite 明确的infinite 无限的define 定义13. different 别同的indifferent 无关紧要的14. disappoint 使失望disapprove 别赞成15. deceive 欺骗receive 收到16. expensive 昂贵的experiment 实验17. ensure 保证assure 担保insure 给…保险18. expensive 昂贵的expansive 易扩张的extensive 广大的intensive 强烈的19. expense 费用expansion 膨胀extension 扩充exposure 暴露 20. efficient 有效的sufficient 充分的effective 有效的21. harvest 收获harness 马具22. high 高的highly 很23. imply 暗示apply 应用supply 提供reply 答复24. impose 强加expose 揭露propose 打算suppose 假设25. inspect 检查expect 期待respect 恭敬suspect 怀疑26. include 包含conclude 结束27. infect 传染effect 结果affect 妨碍28.inquire 询咨询require 需要acquire 获得29.interfere 干涉interrupt 打搅interpret 解释interview 接见rm 通知reform 改革perform 履行31.jam 果酱jar 广口瓶jaw 下巴32.lie 讲谎lay 放置33.note 注意notice 通知34.obtain 获得maintain 维持contain 包含sustain 支持35.object 物体subject 主题project 工程36.price 价格prize 奖品praise 称赞37.present 礼物represent 象征38.possess 拥有process 过程39.prefer 更喜爱refer 谈及infer 判断40.project 工程reject 拒绝41.pretext 借口protect 爱护protest 抗议42.produce 生产reduce 减少deduce 推论induce 劝诱43.preserve 爱护reserve 储存conserve 保存44.review 复习 revise 修改preview 事先查看45.resist 反抗persist 持续insist 坚持assist 帮助consist 由…组成46.resume 履历consume 消耗assume 假定47.respond 回答correspond 符合48.respective 分不的respectful 恭敬的respectable 可敬的49.rise 上升arise 浮现raise 提高arouse 唤醒50.status 身份statue 雕像51.staff 全体员工stiff 僵硬的stuff 原料52.sensible 有感受的sensitive 敏感的53.succeed 成功proceed 举行exceed 超越54.transmit 传输transfer 转移transform 转换translate 翻译transport 运输transplant 移植55.temporary 临时contemporary 并且代的56.unite 联合unity 团结reunion 重聚unit 个体57.vary 变化varied 各式各样的various 别同的variety 种类variable 可变的58.wander 闲逛wonder 对…感到惊讶59.recommend 推举demand 要求command 命令60.access 接近excess 过量61.adverse 敌对averse 反对的62.affectation假装affection爱63.allusion 暗示illusion幻觉64.annual 一年一次的annul取消65.appraise估价apprise报告66.argument 争论augment 增加67.bandage绷带bondage奴役68.carton用纸盒包装cartoon漫画69.censor检查censure责难70.collision猛烈相撞collusion共谋71.confidant 密友confident肯定的72.consul 领事council会议counsel劝说73.dairy乳牛场diary日记74.decease死亡disease疾病75.decent适合desent落下dissent异议76.desert 沙漠dessert甜点77.disassemble分解dissemble伪装78.drought,draft草稿drought 久旱79.eligible 合格的illegible难读的80.eminent著名的imminent迫近的81.exalt提升exult欢腾82.ingenious设计精致的ingenuous天确实83.jealous妒忌的zealous热心的84.material材料materiel军备85.moral 品格端正的morale士气86.ordinance法令ordnance军械87.parish教区perish死88.perpetrate犯（罪）perpetuate使别朽88.personality人格personalty私人财产89.persecute迫害prosecute举行90.portable可携带的potable可饮用的91.prescribe开药方proscribe禁止92.reality真实realty别动产93.statue雕像stature身材94.vacation假期vocation职业95.alumna女毕业生alumnus男毕业生alumni毕业生96.amoral 非道德的immoral别道德的uXXXoral无关道德咨询题的97.avocation嗜好vocation职业vacation 假期98.biannual一年两度的biennial两年一次的99.chord琴弦cord细绳100.clench主要牙关clinch是订牢111.climate气候weather天气pare 比较contrast对照113.connotation涵义denotation意义114.contemptible可鄙的contemptuous轻视的115.continual延续的continuous别断的116.credible 可信的credulous轻信的117.disinterested公正的uninterested别赶兴趣的118.disorganized杂乱无章的unorganized未加组织的119.divers种种的diverse别同的120.dual 二重的duel决斗121.egoist利己主义者egotist自大者122.merge 浮现immerge浸入123.emigrant 自本国移居他国者immigrant自他国移入者124.father更远的further更进一步的125.hanged绞死hung悬挂126.historic历史上闻名的historical有关历史的127.human 人类的humane慈善的128.imaginary虚构的imaginative富于想象的129.incomparable举世无双的 uncomparable无法比较的130.incredible 难以置信的 incredulous别信的131.apt易于liable易患的likely有也许的132.luxuriant繁茂的luxurious奢靡的133.moan呻吟mourn哀悼134.oral口头的verbal言辞的135.personal私人的personnel人员136.register登记registrars登记员137.sailer帆船sailor水手138.salon客厅saloon酒店139.subcoucious潜意识的unconscious失去知觉的140.transcript副本transcription眷写141.altar神坛alter改变142.ascent上升assent接受143.cannon大炮canon教规144.canvas帆布canvass兜售145.cession割让session开会146.faint 昏厥feint作假击147.intension激烈intention意图148.pray祈祷prey被捕食之物149.principal 首要的principle基本信条150.stationary固定的 stationery文具151.address地址，发表演讲attribute性质mittee委员会concert音乐会content内容153.converse N 相反的事物V 谈话154.desert N 沙漠V 舍弃 155.digest N 摘要V 消化156.instinct N 本能 A 充满的157.intimate A 亲热的V 暗示158.minute N 分 A 弱小的159.object N 物体V 反对160.refuse V 拒绝N 垃圾161.tear N 泪V 撕ed A 用旧了的 A 适应于163.aboard adv/prep.在船或飞机上，abroad adv. 向国外；在国外，164.academic a.学术的,学者的academical a..学院的，大专院校的165.accept v.同意.except prep./v.除外167.acceptance n.同意acceptation n.字句的意义168.adhesive a.胶粘的cohesive a.密切结合在一起的169.admission n.入场；入学，入会admittance n.入场170.adverse a. 相反的，别利的averse a. 反对的；别乐意的171.affectation n.妨碍；爱情affection n.矫揉造作affect v.妨碍effect v./n.产生结果;结果172. allusion n.暗示，隐喻illusion n.幻觉，错觉173.alternate a.轮流的，交替的，间隔的alternative a./n.二中择一的174.amend v.修正议案等emend v.校勘，校订175.amiable a.人和气可亲的am cable a.行为手势友好的176.ascend v.上升；攀登；追溯descend v.下落；代代传下来177.assent n./v. 接受，赞许 ascent n. 上升；登高178.attempt n./v.试图，努力tempt v.诱惑179.blush v.因害羞或狼狈而引起的脸红flush v.因兴奋紧张欢跃而引起的脸红180.break n./v.歇息；打破brake n. 刹车181.burnish v. 抛光；打磨furnish v. 供给182.bury v.埋葬berry n.浆果183.capital a./n.首要的；首都capitol n. 美国国会大厦184.cellar n. 地下室（贮藏粮食燃料）seller n. 卖主；售货之物185.childish a. 小孩所特有的，稚嫩的childlike a. 小孩们天确实，老实的pliment v,/n. 向…致意，祝贺；表扬，赞叹的话complement v./n. 补充；补充物prehensible a.能知道的，能够明白的comprehensive a.综合的，全面的188.congenial a. 义气相投的，合适的congenital a.天生的189.considerable a.相当的considerate a.体贴的190.corps n.特种兵团，军团corpse n. 尸体191.course n.课程；路线coarse a. 粗糙的，粗俗的192.credible a.可信的，可靠的credulous a. 轻信的，易受骗的193.defective a.有缺点的有毛病的deficient a. 缺乏的，别脚的194.detection n.查明，查出detention n. 扣留，扣押195.disinterested a.无私的，无偏见的uninterested a.别感兴趣的；漠别关怀的196.dissent n./v. 持异议别接受descent n. 落下，下坡，家世197.distinct a.明显的；性质上别同的distinctive a. 区不的；鉴不性的；有特XXX的198.eatable a.新奇的，可口的edible a. 可食的199.electric a. 用电的electrical a.与电有关的200.eminent a.杰出的imminent a.迫切的,逼近眼前的201.expand v.扩大膨胀，进展 expend v. 花费202.extinguish v.熄灭（火光、希翼等）distinguish v. 区不 203.faint a.虚心的，怯懦的，微弱的feint n./v.佯攻假装 204.flame n./v.光辉，火焰；燃烧，变红blame v.谴责，归咎于205.flash n./v.闪光，闪耀flush n./v.脸群红润；面孔忽然发红206.heal v.愈合heel n.足后跟207.historic a.有历史意义的historical a. 历史的，有关历史的208.hoarse a.声音发哑的 coarse a.粗糙的,粗鲁的209.ignoble a.卑鄙的，出身卑贱的ignorant a. 无知的210.imaginative a. 富有想象力的imaginary a. 假想的imaginable a.能够想象得到的211.legislative a.立法的，立法权的legitimate a. 合法的，，正当的，合理的212.literal a.字面的literary a. 书面的文学的213.minor a./n小的；未成年者miner n.矿工214.negligible a.可忽略的，微别脚道的neglectful a.别留心的疏忽的215.practicable a.可行的，行得通的practical a. 实用的，现实的216.principal a./n.要紧的；校长principle n. 主义，原则217.reserve v.保留（意见、权力、款项）；预定（房间、座位） preserve v. 收藏保存防腐conserve v. 保持，保存218.respectable a. 可恭敬的respectful a.尊敬的219.responsible a.负责的responsive a. 回答的，响应的220.seasonal a. 季节性的seasonable a.当令的，合时的，及时的221.sensible a. 觉察的，明智的sensitive a. 敏感的神通过敏的222.sensual a.肉体上的，XXX 的，XXX的sensuous a. 感受上的，感官享受的，引起美感的223.shameful a.可耻的ashamed a. 认为…是羞耻224.sore a.痛的，酸痛的sour a. 酸的225.suit n. 一套衣服,诉讼suite n. 房间器具的一套225.unable a.别可以，不可能disable a. 使残废，使XXX226.zealous a. 热心的，热诚的jealous a. 妒忌的227..relieve减轻，解除，援助reveal 透露，暴露release 释放reject 拒绝，抛弃resolve 决心，决定，决议revenge 报复，复仇revenue 税收refuge 庇护，避难所revolt 造反，抵抗228..contend vi.竞争，竞赛，争论vt.主张，坚信content 内容contest 竞赛，比赛context 上下文contrast 对比，对照continents 大陆，大洲constituents 构成constructs 建筑，构造constitutes 构成229.acclaim 向……欢呼，为……喝彩proclaim 宣告，声明 exclaim 呼喊reclaim 要求归还，收回declaim 高声朗读230..acid 酸，酸的acrid 辛辣的arid，干旱的avid 渴望的avoid 幸免231.abrupt 忽然的corrupt XXX的disrupt 分裂，瓦解erupt 爆发232.deduce 演绎seduce 诱使educe 引出，得出induce 劝诱reduce 减少，缩小233.detail 琐事，详情 retail 零售entail 使承担234.evoke 唤醒invoke 调用provoke 激怒revoke 撤回235.expel 驱赶repel 反击impel 推动dispel 驱散compel 强迫236.mission 使命，任务，代表团admission，允许进入 commission 委任emission 发射，散发permission 许可transmission 播送，发射missionary 传教士237.bubble 泡，泡沫pebble 卵石rubble 瓦砾，碎石238.reject 拒绝，对齐，排斥eject 逐出inject 注射deject 使沮丧239.press 压suppress 镇压，抑制impress 印，留下印象depress 使消沉compress 压缩express 表达pressure 压力，压强，强制，压迫240.resource 资源，财力 recourse 求助，求援241.pose 造成（困难等）；提出（咨询题等）；陈述（观点等） compose 组成，写作dispose 处理，处置expose 使暴露impose 征税，强加oppose 反对purpose 计划suppose 推想，假设propose 提议，建议，提名，推举242. product 产品，强调由人力或机械力或自然力生产的东西production 生产produce 产物，农产品productivity 生产力243. success 成功succession 延续244. expansion 扩张，膨胀excursion 短途旅行existence 存在exchange 交换，交流245. recession 萧条，衰退concession 让步confession 招供，认错confusion 混乱，紊乱246. symptoms 症状，征兆syndrome 综合症状247. overhaul 完全检查overflow 飞过overlap 部分重叠overcast 遮蔽248. process 过程，步骤，程序prospects 指经济方面的前景project 规则，方案，工程profile 侧影，外形249. praise 赞叹braise 炖肉250. self-confident 自信的self-sufficient 自给自脚的self-satisfied 自满的self-restrained 自XXX纵的251. assumption 假定，假设，多指无证据的设想；presumption 认定，猜测，侧重有依照的推论252. consumption 消费resumption 回复253. attain达到，获得，尤指通过一定的努力而获得obtain，获得abstain 放弃retain 保留contain 包含254. distort 斜曲，曲解contort 因扭曲而变形retort 反驳255. concede 承认，让步accede 接受recede 后退precede 率先256. barely 强调程度rarely 强调频率257. worth be ~ sth/doing值得worthy be ~ of够得上，值得worthless 无价值的worthwhile 值得花时刻的，值得做的258. distinguishing 分辨discovering 发觉determining 真的detecting 察觉259. diluted 冲淡，稀释dissolved 解散，溶解dispersed 分散，散布diffused 散开，扩散260. interaction （with）与……的互相作用，互相妨碍 assimilation （into）习惯，同化，融入……cooperation （with）与……的合作consultation （with）和……的商量261. now that 既然（表条件）so that 以使，以至（表目的）262. even if 及时，表让步 if only 但愿，希翼，标示一种强烈的愿望，后接虚拟语气 only if 惟独在……的时候，表示对条件的强调as if 好似，宛然，表比较263. origin 起源original 原创264. identical 同一的，同样的duplicate 复制的265. protest 抗议，反对（反对的内容差不多实施）object 反对（反对的内容未曾实施）266. advise 给对方建议劝说对方，但对方是否同意别抱希翼（弱势对强势）；suggest 建议希翼对方做某事，往往带有敦促、鼓舞或警告之意（强势对弱势）propose 提议，供大伙儿讨论267. sick of 对…厌恶（尤指因食、饮、听、看过度引起的） tire of 厌倦，对…别感兴趣268. bind 有约束力的restrain 抑制的，遏制的，可指彻底阻挠也可指将……纳入操纵、约束之中，强迫意味，可表示自我抑制vtlimit （能力或数量上）有限的confine （空间上）受限的269. grant （由于大方、仁慈）赋予某物，(通常是上对下、官方正式地)允许allow （普通意义上）允许permit (法律上、制度上)允许270. fare (特指交通等)费用 fee (进入一具地点，如场馆、学校等)费用bill （用餐、电话等）账单考研英语近义近形词辨析（二）1.climate：气候，风气，思潮circumstance：特指经济状况，表示环境，状况时常用复数atmosphere：气氛，氛围enviroXXXent：指对人的感情、品德、思想等或动植物生存产生妨碍的环境surroundings：特指自然环境（地理概念）context:上下文2.vessel:血管，管道，普通指细小管道；route：路线，航线；path：乡间小路，公园小径；channel：海峡，渠道，管道；road:广大平整的大道，多指公路；way:可指各种路、道或通道，也可指抽象的道路、办法；street: 尤指都市中的道路；highway: 通常指市区外能够通行各种机动车辆的交通干线; motorway（free way，express way）: 高速公路；lane: 指农村或城镇的小道或小径，也指小巷；pavement（sidewalk）:街道两旁的人行道；trail: 指人或兽在森林、荒野或山中踩出的小径或崎岖小道3. in place of指以甲到乙；instead of除代替外有对乙否定的意味，有时译为别4. as to：对于；for instance：后接一具句子或作插入语，放在句子中偶尔末尾，后面别能直截了当接宾语；such as：列举同类人或事物中的几个例子，用在句子中间,后面是suchas之前内容的一具方面或补充；in particular：特殊的，尤其，详尽的for example：举例讲明某一论点或事情，普通只举同类人或物中的“一具”为例，可位于句首、句中或句末5. tighten：加紧，收紧，侧重强调数量，活动，情感，别和control搭配；intensify：加强，强化；fasten：系牢，扣紧，多接具体名词6. rough:指某物表面凹凸别平，别光滑；coarse: 指某物质地粗糙低劣或编织、加工等别精细、精致。
考研英语阅读同义词替换
考研英语阅读同义词替换1.强调：emphasis,stress,underline,highlight2.鼓励：encourage,inspire,excite,stimulate3.敌人：enemy,foe,opponent,rival4.力量：energy,force,power,might,strength,vigor5.增强：enhance,heighten,intensify,aggravate,promote,boost, strengthen,facilitate6.扩大：enlarge,amplify,expand,magnify,multiply,augment7.巨大的：enormous,huge,immense,vast,considerable,sizable8.保证：ensure,insure,assure,guarantee,pledge,promise,warrant9.娱乐：entertain,amuse10.整个的：entire,whole,complete,full,total,gross,all11.环境：environment,surroundings,circumstance12.平等的：equal,equivalent13.逃避：escape,flee,get away,run away14.特别地：especially,particularly,specially15.重要的：essential,indispensable,necessary,needful16.建立：establish,construct,build,found17.评估：estimate,appraise,assess,evaluate,value,rate18.永恒的：eternal,everlasting,perpetual,permanent19.事件：event,incident,accident,occurrence20.最终：eventually,finally,at last21.夸大：exaggerate,overestimate,overvalue,overrate22.道歉：excuse,apologize,forgive23.筋疲力尽的：exhausted,tired,weary24.展示：exhibition,show,exposition,fair,display25.扩展：expand,extend,stretch,spread26.期望：expect,anticipate27.专业的：expert,proficient,skilled28.解释：explain,interpret,exemplify,illustrate,clarify,account for29.延伸：extend,lengthen,stretch,prolong30.外部的：external,exterior,outer,outside,outward31.极其的：extreme,utmost32.公平的：fair,impartial,just,reasonable,even33.信任，信念：faith,belief,confidence,conviction,credit,trust34.忠诚的：faithful,loyal35.倒塌：fall,collapse,crash,tumble36.名誉：fame,honor,reputation,glory,prestige，credit37.熟悉的：familiar,intimate,close38.饥荒：famine,hunger,starvation39.著名的：famous,distinguished,well-known,noted,notorious(臭名昭著的=infamous=flagrant),prominent,outstanding,eminent,notable40.遥远的：far,distant,remote,a long way41.农民：farmer,peasant42.更远的：farther,further43.告别：farewell,good-bye44.时尚：fashion,style,vogue,popularity45.快速的：fast,rapid,quick,quickly,soon,swift,hasty,prompt,instant46.系牢：fasten,tie,bind,secure,chain47.肥胖的：fat,stout,plump48.致命的：fatal,deadly,mortal49.命运：fate,fortune,destiny,luck50.神父：father,priest51.错误：fault,error,mistake52.幸运的：favourable,fortunate,happy,lucky53.害怕：fear,anxiety,scare,horror,dismay,dread,fright,alarm,terror，worry,concern，apprehension54.可怕的：fearful,frightful,frighten,terrible,terrific,horrible,horrify,formidable, tremendous,afraid,intimidate55.切实可行的：feasible,possible,practicable,practical56.宴会：feast,dinner,banquet57.特征：features,characteristics,style58.感情：feeling,emotion,passion,sensation,sense,perception,sentiment59.女性的：female,feminine,woman,lady60.篱笆：fence,hedge61.多产的：fertile,productive62.发热：fever,heat63.激烈的：fierce,savage,violent64.争斗：fight,battle,war,campaign,combat65.形态：figure,pattern,design66.最终的：final,last,ultimate67.发现：find,find out,discover68.完成：finish,complete,accomplish,end,achieve,effect,fulfil69.坚固的：firm,hard,solid,stable,steady70.合适的：fit,proper,suitable,appropriate,apt,fitting71.解决：fix,settle,establish72.旗帜：flag,banner73.闪闪发光：flash,gleam,glitter,sparkle,glow,twinkle74.逃跑：flee,fly,escape,run away,get away75.舰队：fleet,navy76.灵活的：flexible,elastic,plastic77.一群：flock,herd,pack,swarm,school78.楼层：floor,storey79.繁荣：flourish,thrive,succeed,prosper（prosperous）80.流淌：flow,pour,stream,run81.脸红：flush,blush,glow82.烟雾：fog,mist,smog83.褶皱：fold,wrinkle84.食物：food,provision,diet,provisions85.傻瓜：fool,idiot86.愚蠢的：foolish,silly,stupid,dull,simple87.禁止：forbid,prohibit,ban,inhibit88.预测：forecast,foretell,predict,foresee89.改变：change,switch,alter,transform,adjust,modify90.树林：forest,woods,jungle,plantation,bushes91.重要：important,significant,critical,vital,indispensable,crucial, essential,decisive,conclusive92.忘记：forget,leave,omit,neglect,overlook,disregard,ignore,regardless93.形成：form,body,build,shape,outline,figure94.幸运的：fortunate,lucky95.向前：forwards,forth,ahead96.清泉：fountain,spring97.（香）气：fragrance,odour,flavour,smell,perfume,scent98.坦白的：frank,open,plain,blunt,honest,sincere,straightforward99.释放：free,liberate,release,discharge100.自由：freedom,liberty,independence101.朋友：friend,mate,acquaintance,pal102.有好的：friendly,agreeable,kind,cordial103.提升：further,advance,promote,contribute,push,improve,proceed,progress 104.比赛：game,match,tournament105.裂缝：gap,break,crack,gulf106.衣服：garment,clothing,costume,dress107.汽油：gasoline,petrol108.门：gate,door109.收集：gather,collect,assemble110.看：gaze,glare,stare,peer,glance111.创造：generate,produce,create,originate,invent,design,devise，concoct,contrive112.慷慨的：generous,liberal113.天才：genius,intelligence,talent,wit,wisdom114.温和的：gentle,mild,moderate,soft,tender115.真实的：genuine,actual,authentic,real,true,factual116.细菌：germ,bacteria,virus,microbe,bug117.获得：get,acquire,attain,obtain,gain,secure118.礼物：gift,present,souvenir,tip119.女孩：girl,maid,maiden,daughter120.给予：give,accord,award,confer,grant,endow,present,send121.利用：use,utilize,employ,apply122.辉煌的：glorious,gorgeous,splendid123.回顾：go over,review124.金色的：gold,golden125.再见：good-by,farewell,so long126.美德：goodness,integrity,morality,purity,virtue127.货物：goods,merchandise,ware,freight,commodity128.统治：govern,rule129.伟大的：grand,magnificent,splendid,noble130.图表：graph,chart,diagram131.抓住：grasp,hold,seize132.草：grass,herb,weed133.感激的：grateful,appreciative,thankful134.坟墓：grave,tomb135.油脂：grease,fat,oil136.打招呼：greet,salute,hail,welcome137.悲伤：grief,sorrow,distress,misery,agony,anguish138.组成：consist,compose,constitute139.抓住：grip,clasp,grasp,hold,seize140.呻吟：groan,moan,sob,sigh141.一群人：group,crowd,gang,band,mob,throng,masses,swarm142.客人：guest,visitor,passenger,customer,client143.姓氏：family name,surname,last name144.习俗：habit,custom,manners,usage,practice,convention,tradition145.暂停：pause,halt,stop,suspend146.发生：happen,occur,chance,take place，emerge147.高兴地：happy,glad,cheerful,joyful,merry,delightful,gay,pleasant,nice,jolly, agreeable148.港口：harbour,port,pier,seaport149.困难的：hard,difficult,burdensome150.几乎不：hardly,barely,scarcely,rarely151.相关的：related,relative,linked,hooked152.伤害：harm,hurt,injury153.和谐：harmony,agreement,unity,accord154.驾驭：harness,control,tame,dominate155.急切的：haste,speed,hurry156.加速：hasten,speed,hurry,dash,rush,quicken157.憎恨：hate,disgust,dislike158.骄傲的：haughty,proud,arrogant,vain，haughty，supercilious，cocky 159.拥有：have,own,possess,hold,occupy160.必须：have to,must,necessary161.校长：headmaster,director,president,principal162.处理：handle,tackle,dispose,solve,deal with,cope with,work through 163.健康的：healthy,healthful,wholesome,sound,robust,well,strong,vigorous, sturdy,tough,fit164.积累：heap,accumulate,pile,stack165.听：hear,listen166.举起：heave,raise,lift,hoist,heighten167.天堂：heaven,sky,paradise168.沉重的：heavy,weighty169.高度：height,altitude170.帮助：help,aid,assist,assistance,support171.可用的：usable,available,accessible172.认为：argue,hold,maintain173.谦逊的：unpretentious,modest174.强调：highlight,stress,emphasize,underline175.山：hill,mount,mountain,range,peak,volcano176.阻碍：hinder,prevent,block,bar177.暗示：hint,implication,suggestion,indication178.雇佣：hire,employ,engage,lease,rent,let,charter179.历史的：historic,historical180.高估：overestimate,overvalue,overrate181.设计：design,devise,create,innovate182.风险：risk,danger,venture,insecurity183.开始：dawn,start,begin,initially184.假日：holiday,festival,vacation,leave185.期望：hope,anticipate,await186.绝望:hopeless,desperate,despairing187.热：hot,warm,burning188.旅馆：hotel,inn,motel189.房屋：house,building,dwelling,shelter,habitation,home,residence,family 190.拥抱：hug,embrace,huddle191.巨大的：huge,enormous,immense,giant,gigantic,vast,massive,tremendous，extensive192.卑微：humble,humiliate,degrade,disgrace193.潮湿：humid,damp,moist,wet194.幽默的：humorous,funny,comic,witty195.饥饿：hunger,famine,starvation196.寻找：hunt,explore,track,seek197.受伤：hurt,injure,harm,wound,damage,disable198.假设：hypothesis,assumption,presumption,supposition199.想法：idea,concept,conception,thought,notion,impression200.识别：identify,recognize,make out201.懒惰：idle,lazy202.如果：if,whether,in case,provided,providing203.无知的：ignorant,illiterate204.忽视：ignore,discount,disregard,pay no attention to,turn a deaf ear,neglect, overlook,slight205.生病：ill,sick206.疾病：illness,sickness,disease,complaint207.幻想：illusion,fantasy,daydream208.想象力：imagination,fancy,fantasy,supposition209.想象：imagine,guess,suppose,conceive210.模仿：imitation,fake,copy,duplication211.立刻地：immediately,instantly,presently,directly,shortly,soon,at once,right away212.直接的：immediate,directly,at once,instantaneously,straightway,right 213.浸泡：immerse,dip,dunk,plunge,submerge214.破坏：impair,destroy,ruin,damage,hurt,wreck,demolish215.公正的：impartial,detached,neutral,unbiased,just,fair,objective216.推动力：impetus,drive,encouragement,incentive(stimulus,motivation; intention,purpose,cause,motive)217.工具：implement,tool,instrument218.暗示：imply,mean,indicate,suggest,denote,signify,hint219.重要的：important,considerable,indispensable,critical,essential,significant, vital,crucial220.欺骗：dupe,cheat,trick,deceive221.提升：improve,better,perfect,refine,mend222.冲动：impulse,desire,instinct223.及时、准时：in time,on time224.包含：include,contain,embody,comprise,compose,consist,comprehend 225.收入：income,revenue226.增加：increase,augment,add to,multiply227.实际上：indeed,really,truly,actually228.不可或缺的：indispensable,essential,necessary229.导致：induce,cause,stimulate,trigger230.总结：conclusion,summarization231.吸引：absorb,attract,tempt,lure,seduce,appeal232.便宜的：inexpensive,cheap233.有传染性的：infectious,catching234.推断：infer,deduce,conclude,gather,judge235.告知：inform,acquaint,notify,advise236.信息：information,data,message,knowledge,learning237.居住：inhabit,dwell,live,reside238.本质的：inherent,essential239.受伤：injury,hurt,harm,damage,loss,mischief240.内在的：inner,inside,interior,internal,inward241.创新：innovation(=reformation,creation,renovation),invention,novelty 242.探索：inquiry,investigation,research,survey,exploitation243.坚持：insist,persist,persevere,adhere,cling，stick244.工具：instrument,tool,device245.保证：insurance,assurance246.正直：integrity,honesty,justice247.意图：intend,mean,propose,design248.干预：interfere,interrupt,intervene249.暂时的：interim,transient,temporary250.介绍：introduce（=import引进）,present,recommend251.介绍：introduction,preface,foreword252.发明：invent,create,devise,design253.颠倒：invert,reverse254.调查：investigation,examination,inquiry255.涉及：involve,entail,concerned,concerning256.讽刺：irony,satire257.非正式的：irregular,casual,informal258.岛屿：island,peninsula259.孤立：isolate,separate,segregate,insulate260.主题：issue,keynote,motif,subject,theme,topic261.监狱：jail,prison,cell262.裤子：jeans,pants,slacks,shorts,trousers263.珠宝：jewel,jewellery,stone264.联合：join,combine,unite,connect,link,attach,couple,associate,relate,take part in265.旅行：journey,tour,travel,trip,voyage,excursion,expedition,cruise 266.判断：judgement,discrimination,sense267.跳跃：jump,leap,spring,hop,bound,skip268.交叉口：junction,cross,intersection269.公平的：just,fair270.证实：justify,warrant271.急切的：keen,acute,sharp,shrewd272.保持：keep,maintain,retain,reserve,preserve,conserve,withhold273.杀死：kill,murder,assassinate,slaughter,massacre,execute274.类型：kind,sort,type,class,classification,category,species,variety 275.点燃：kindle,fire,ignite,light276.编织：knit,spin,weave277.敲击：knock,tap,rap,pat278.获知：know,learn,comprehend,understand279.知识：knowledge,learning,scholarship,intellectualism280.标签：label,tag281.劳动：labour,toil,work,job282.缺乏：lack,need,want,require,absence,shortage,scarcity283.小伙子：lad,boy,youth284.女士：lady,miss285.语言：language,speech,tongue,dialect,idiom,slang286.跛的：lame,crippled287.灯：lamp,light288.最终的：at length,eventually,finally,in the end,lastly,latest,final289.永恒的：lasting,permanent,perpetual290.最近：lately,recently291.潜在的：latent,potential292.笑：laugh,smile,grin,beam,sneer,chuckle,giggle 293.法律：law,constitution,regulation,code,rule,act,mandate 294.草地：lawn,meadow,pasture295.放置：lay,place,put,set296.引导：lead,guide,conduct,direct297.联盟：league,federation,union,alliance298.泄露：leak,drip299.消瘦的：lean,slender,slim,slight,thin300.学习：learn,study300.学习：learn,study301.契约：lease,charter,agreement,contract302.传奇：legend,myth,tale303.借：lend,borrow,loan304.减少：lessen,diminish,decrease305.信件：letter,note,correspondence,message306.平坦的：level,smooth,flat307.倾向于：liable,apt,likely,prone,subject308.证书：license,certificate,document,papers309.举起：lift,hoist,raise,elevate,heave,boost310.喜欢：like,love,enjoy,fancy,adore,prefer311.可能的：likely,probable,possible312.限制：limit,confine,restrict,restrain,constrain,condition 313.（列）表：list,catalog,roll,schedule,table,chart 314.小或少：little,few,several,small,tiny,miniature315.居住：live,dwell,inhabit,settle,reside316.活着的：living,alive,live317.负担：load,burden318.地址：location,site,spot,situation,place319.住所：lodging,accommodation,apartment320.孤独：lonely,alone,desolate,lone,solitary321.照顾：look after,supervise322.观察：look,see,watch,observe,witness323.懒惰：loose,slack324.数据：data,figure,number,information325.保持：maintain,remain326.喜爱：love,like,enjoy,prefer327.便宜：low,mean,cheap,shabby328.幸运的：lucky,fortunate329.木头：lumber,timber,wood,log330.诱惑：lure,tempt,induce,attract,seduce,fascinate,appeal331.机器：machine,machinery,mechanism,apparatus,engine,motor332.开心：pleasure,pleasant,happy,delight333.疯狂：madness,craziness334.杂志：magazine,journal,periodical,publication,newspaper,review,press, quarterly335.放大：magnify,amplify,enlarge,expand，exaggerate336.邮寄：mail,post337.主要的：mainly,chiefly,greatly,largely,mostly,primarily,principally,generally 338.保持：maintain,conserve,preserve,save,store339.制造：make,cause,get,have,render,fabricate,manufacture,produce340.恶化：make sth.worse,aggravate,deteriorate,sour341.利用：make use of,take advantage of,utilize,harness342.人类：man,mankind,humanity,people,person343.明显的：manifest,obvious,patent,evident,apparent344.方式：manner,air,bearing,method,way,mode,fashion,means,approach 345.制造：manufacture,produce,product,production346.许多：many,much,abundant,adequate,sufficient347.次要的：marginal,minor,negligible,minimal348.奇迹：marvel,miracle,wonder,phenomenon349.令人惊讶的：marvelous,astonished,surprise,amaze350.男性的：masculine,male,manly351.对手：match,opponent,adversary,rival352.物质：material,matter,substance,stuff353.事件：matter,affair,issue354.成熟的：mature,ripe,ripen355.可能：maybe,perhaps,possibly,probably356.卑微的：mean,base,low,humble357.寓意：meaning,implication,sense358.法案：act,bill,mandate359.药物：medicine,drug,chemicals,remedy360.中等的：medium,median,average361.遇见：meet,encounter,confront,face,contact,satisfy,cater to 362.会议：meeting,conference,congress,assembly,council,rally 363.旋律：melody,song,tune,theme364.溶解：melt,dissolve,fuse365.记住：memorize,remember,recall,recollect,remind366.修理：mend,repair,patch,fix367.心理的：mental,spiritual,psychological368.提及：mention,refer to369.商人：merchant,businessman,trader,tradesman,dealer370.好处：merit,distinction,credit,virtue,perfection,advantage 371.混乱：mess,confusion,disorder,fuss,tangle372.方法：method,way,manner,approach373.中间：middle,midst374.思维：mind,intellect,intelligence,brains,wit,wisdom,spirit,soul 375.时刻：minute,moment,instant376.可怜的：miserable,wretched,unhappy,sorry377.不幸：misfortune,disaster,catastrophe378.错误：mistake,error,fault,shortcoming,flaw,defect379.混合：mix,mingle,blend,combine,merge380.混合物：mixture,blend,combination,compound,composite 381.现代的：modern,contemporary,current,recent,present,up-to-date 382.谦虚的：modest,humble383.微小颗粒：molecule,atom,particle384.时刻：moment,instant,minute385.钱：money,cash,coin,currency386.脾气：mood,humor,temper387.道德：morals,morality,ethics388.超过：more than,over,above389.运动：motion,move,movement,campaign390.促进：motivate,drive,prompt391.塑造：mould,forge,form,shape392.老鼠：mouse,rat393.移动：move,affect,shift,transfer,remove394.小声说：murmur,mutter,whisper395.忧虑的：worried,apprehensive396.相互的：mutual,common,joint,reciprocal397.命名：name,call,designate,title398.民族：nation,people,race,state,country,land,power 399.本性：nature,character,personality400.接近：near,close401.几乎：nearly,almost402.整齐的：neat,tidy,trim,orderly403.必须的：necessary,essential404.细碎的：negligible,minor,trivial405.谈判：negotiate,bargain,talk406.邻居：neighbourhood,vicinity407.紧张的：nervous,restless,impatient,uneasy,tense 408.新的：new,fresh,novel,original,innovative 409.报纸：newspaper,journal,press410.医生：doctor,physician,surgeon,dentist411.几乎不：hardly,barely,rarely,scarcely412.保护：guard,safe guard,protect,secure413.噪音：noise,sound,voice414.任命：nominate,appoint,choose,designate,propose 415.无用的：nonsense,rubbish416.标准：norm,criterion,measure,standard417.正常的：normal,ordinary,regular,natural418.注意：notice,note,mind,attend,remark419.告知：notify,announce,inform,proclaim,publish 420.概念：notion,concept,sentiment421.图表chart,graph422.养育：nourish,feed423.小说：novel,romance,fiction,story,fable,tale424.如今：now,nowadays425.培养：nurse,tend,foster,cultivate,cherish,nurture 426.誓言：oath,pledge,vow,promise427.遵从的：obedient,disciplined428.遵守：obey,comply,submit,conform429.反对：object,oppose,resist,protest430.义务：obligation,duty,responsibility,liability431.障碍：obstacle,barrier,obstruction,bar432.顽固的：obstinate,stubborn433.障碍：obstruction,obstacle434.机遇：occasion,chance,opportunity435.罕见的：occasional,rare,scarce,uncommon436.冒犯：offend,insult437.提出：offer,present,propose,volunteer438.官员：officer,official439.后代：offspring,descendant,heir,successor440.改变：change,revolutionize,transform,modify,switch,alter 441.仅仅：only,single,sole,unique,alone442.模糊：opaque,obscure,dull443.观点：opinion,view,sentiment,idea444.对手：opponent,competitor,enemy,foe,rival445.机遇：opportunity,chance,occasion446.赞同：sympathetic,consent447.相反的：opposite,contrary,adverse,reverse,converse 448.压迫：oppress,abuse,persecute,depress,suppress449.乐观的：optimistic,hopeful450.选择：option,alternative,choice,election,selection。
考研英语阅读历年真题常见同意替换总结
考研英语阅读历年真题常见同意替换总结考研英语阅读历年真题常见同意替换总结1. purchasing power of incomesMaximizetheir incomes = increase the purchasing power of incomes （同意替换）2. property = real estate （同意替换）stockexchange， venture investment3. precision = accuracy4. Thinking ability = critical thinking =creative= innovation5. reasoning = logical thought =thought6. popular culture= common culture7. cultural power= assimilating power8. more often than not = oftenThe decline of telephone is but all too natural in communicationdevelopment.He more often than not comes here. （短语精讲）9. prevent （同意替换）= hinder= refrain= deter（同意替换）翻译：他生病了所以没有去。
Illnessprevented him from going there.10. judge = Justice （必考含义）11. apprehension （必考含义） = worryapprehensiveability 理解力量12. mind = people= individual 同意替换13. faith=confidence=assertiveness 信念（同意替换）14. drug= medicine15. dismiss 斥责= rebuke=criticize16. tap 开发 tap the market = explore themarket = expand the market17. verbally18. entail =make= cause19. nature ；nurture/ born ； made /inherited ；acquired/（先天和后天）innate （同意替换）cognitive/intuitive made/born20. attribute= character=trait=merit=feature=virtue 特点；特质（同意替换）21. complementary=auxiliary （同意替换）22. suits = enable （同意替换）= entail23. visualize=imagine=conceive24. mechanical = unchanged （同意替换）Mechanical learning （短语搭配）Dynamic=changeable=variable； varyModify=change25. distinction= fame （同意替换）（必考词义）26. implication ； connotation； suggestion； reference；（同意替换）carry important implications for（短语动词）27. accumulation = expansion （同意替换）= augmentation28.literally = actually=absolutely （同意替换）逐字地；照字面地；的确地，真正地；[口语]差不多，简直（用于加强语意）29. initiatives=measures （同意替换）Initiatives =intentionInitiative =activeInitiative=primitive=beginning30.spontaneity = informal （同意替换）craft=formalendeavors=efforts=acts Act31.Doubt= deny= don‘t believeSuspect =believe32.Determine = find out33. 经济下滑，衰退slowing economysoftening economystagnant economyeconomic recessioneconomic declineeconomic stagnation （stagnant）。
考研英语历年常考同义词辨析汇总
1.Abandon不顾义务，责任和忠诚而不予以帮助丢弃:Jackson has abandoned his old car.The car badly damaged, so they abandoned it.抛弃、遗弃:I am sorry I abandoned you like that.She abandoned her husband and children and went off with another man.放弃:We will never abandon our principles.我们应该坚持原则。
She abandoned her journey temporarily.她暂时放弃了她的旅行。
因为形势、危险等离弃家园、飞机、船只等The sailors abandoned the burning ship.海员们放弃了燃烧的船只。
放纵、纵情、无拘无束、使沉溺于After her mother died, she abandoned herself to grief.戒掉： abandon a habit撤离： abandon a position撤离阵地Desert强调违背誓言，责任和义务遗弃：never desert a friend in need.绝不要抛弃有困难的朋友。
Quit强调突然或故意的放弃离开、离弃: if I don’t get a pay rise I’ll quit.若不给加薪我就辞职。
停止: my father has quit smoking.我父亲已经戒烟了。
Forsake强调感情上的依恋背叛：forsake one’s wife unfeelingly无情的背叛妻子放弃、抛弃: forsake one’s principles放弃原则 forsake darkness for light弃暗投明 forsake bad habits抛弃坏的习惯Discard强调抛弃放弃无用的事物丢弃、抛弃:we should discard old beliefs.我们应该抛弃旧观念。
考研阅读高频同义替换词汇总
阅读高频同义替换词大汇总注1：下面的等号不代表词义词性的完全相同，只是一种意思上的对应。
注2：红色字体单词不常用，但是比较重要。
/财产：property = real estate = estate = asset/精确：precision = accuracy/创新：thinking ability = critical thinking = creative = innovation/认为合理：think proper = logical thinking/推理：reasoning = logical thought = thought/大众文化：popular culture = common culture/文化力：cultural power = assimilating power/阻止：prevent = hinder = refrain = deter/法官：judge = Justice/忧虑：apprehension = worry = anxiety = depression = gloomy = frustration/人：mind(有才智的人;精英) = people = individual/信心：faith = confidence = assertiveness/斥责：dismiss = rebuke = criticize/tap(开发)：tap the market = explore the market = expand the market/处理：resolve = handle = tackle = deal with = cope with = dispose = address/繁荣：prosperous = flourish = boom/合并：merger and acquisition = consolidation = concentration/转变,转换：alter = change = transform = shift = switch = modify = convert = vary/替换：replace = substitute = displace = change/首位：predominance = primary = primitive = primacy/参加：attendance = join in = take part in = participate(participant 参与者) = be present at/强调：stress = highlight = emphasize = underline/增加：increase = rise = raise = boost = skyrocket = advance = progresmprove = grows = i = enhance = soar = develop/数据：data = statistics = figure/复杂：complicated = mixed = complex = perplex = intricate = sophisticated = confused/影响：impact = affect = influence/压力：stress = pressure = press = strain/政客：politician = statesman/特点：feature = characteristic = trait/改革：reform = revolution/心情：mood = emotion = atmosphere/愤怒：rage = outrage = grievance = indignation/限制：limit = restrict = constrict = discipline = confine= hold back = scale back = curb on(遏制)/地位：status = rank/可用的：usable = available = applicable = leisure(空闲的)/偏见：bias = prejudice = discrimination = inequality/授予：grant = award/语言：verbally = language = words = lingual/交易：deal = trade = exchange = transaction/加强：promote = facilitate = enhance = strengthen = reinforce/保守：conservative(conservation 保存) = traditional = custom/顾客：customer = client = consumer = guest/暂停,延期：suspend = phase back = put off = postpone = delayed/信息：information = message = data = figure = statistics/故意：deliberately = intentionally = purposely = on/in purpose/冷漠：indifferent = neutral(中立的) = carefree/吸引：appeal = attract = fascinate = tempt/作为：serve as = function as/对手：rival = equal = comparative = competitor = opponent = adversary /谨慎：prudent = cautious = discreet = scrupulous = wary = alert/标准：standard = level = criteria/地区：regions = scope = range = sphere(势力范围)/观察：perceive = observe公平,公正：fair(fairness) = impartial = just = unbiased = disinterested/保护：protect = guard = safeguard = defend(defendant 辩护,被告) = shield/生产：yield = manufacturer = generate/脆弱：vulnerable = weak = feeble = fragile = susceptible/关于：concerning = in terms of = with respect to/主张：claim = proclaim = remark = advocate = allegation = comment/ 部分, 成分：component = portion = element = proportion = percentage = ingredient = constituent = part/意识：aware = conscious/承认：admit = acknowledge/永恒：eternal = permanent = everlasting = perpetual = invariable/谋生：earn one's living = make one's living = live off/值得尊敬：worthy = respectable(区别:respective 分别的)/尊敬：worship = esteem = admire/遵守：comply with = conform to/水流：currency = stream/获得：gain = acquire = achieve = fetch = obtain = derive/培养：nurture = foster = cultivate/学术：academic = scholastic = scholarly/奇怪：weird = odd = peculiar = strange/模糊：dim = vague = obscure = loom/薪水：salary = pay = wage = emolument/津贴：subsidy = pension = allowance/告示：announcement = notice = poster = bulletin/需要：require = need = take = want = call for = cry for = entail(需要,使必要) = demand/痛苦：misery(miserable) = suffering = pain = unpleasant = grief = grievance(还有“不满,愤怒”之意)/权力：power = authority = control = dominance = rule(统治) = influence(影响力)/迷惑的,欺骗的：misleading = confusing = deceptive = unrealistic = misrepresentative = false /不清楚的, 不确定的：unclear = uncertain = doubtful = undecided = unsure = in doubt = vague = ambiguous/经常,通常：often = more often than not(往往,多半) = every so often = frequently = usually = over and over again = time and again = repeatedly = habitually = regularly/认为：argue = maintain = allege = insist = affirm = hold = think = suppose/表明：show = prove = illustrate = demonstrate = confirm = indicate = establish = suggest = reveal = uncover = disclose = make known/ 批评：critical(criticism) = disapproving = disagreeing = disapproval = blame =censure = disparage/大众：the masses = the general public = consumers(消费者) = ordinary people = rank andfile(普通成员) = populace(百姓,平民)/ 重要的：important = significant = vital = imperative = central = chief = key = main = essential = principal = critical = crucial = weighty = indispensable(不可或缺)/招收：enroll = employ = take on = enlist = draft(征募) = engage(聘用) = conscript = sign up = enroll = hire = recruit = select(选拔)/感觉,意识到：sense = feel = understand = realize/供给：supply = stock = provide = furnish = feed = provision/愚笨的：clumsy = awkward = unskillful/怀疑的：doubtful = suspicious = questionable = suspect = uncertain = dubious = skeptical/难以置信地：incredibly = unbelievably = unlikely/保护：protect = defend = guard = shelter = shield = preserve/例外：exception = exclusion/自然地：naturally = certainly = surely = indeed注：反义是artificially(人工地)/全体人员：personnel = staff = faculty(全体教员) = crew = workers/适当地,正确地：properly = appropriately = suitably = correctly/适度的：moderate = modest = proper/扩大：widen = broaden = enlarge = extend = expand = stretch/源于：derive from = originate from = stem from = come from/多样性：diversity = variety = multiplicity = difference/狭窄的,缩小：narrow = limited = restricted = tighten = narrow down/交流：communicate = convey = transmit = inform/ 完全地, 彻底地：completely = entirely = utterly = fully = altogether = thoroughly = absolutely = perfectly = totally/方面,外观：aspect = appearance = look = view/性格,品质：character = quality = personality = nature/无意识的：unconscious = unaware = absent-minded = unintentional/分析,研究：analyze = evaluate = study/贡献：contribute = donate = provide = give/描述：describe = portray = represent = picture/职业,行业：profession = occupation = career = trade/任务：mission = assignment = duty = task/业绩，执行：performance = act = achievement = accomplishment/尤其,特别：especially = particularly = primarily = chiefly/显著地,非凡地：remarkably = extraordinarily = unusually = surprisingly/ 巨大的：enormous = huge = vast = massive = giant = mammoth = gigantic = colossal = gargantuan = titanic = immense/考虑：contemplate = meditate = ponder = speculate/一致的：consensus = consistent = unanimous = coherent/商品：commodity = merchandise = purchase(购置物)/小册子：brochure = booklet = pamphlet/充足的：ample = affluent = plentiful = sufficient = superfluous = abundant = adequate/假冒,模仿：simulate = imitate = disguise = mock = forge = hypocrisy = pattern/小屋：hut = shed = cottage/渗透：permeate = penetrate = saturate/租：lease = rent = tenant = hire/暂时的,临时的：temporary = transient = interim = tentative = briefly/气味：scent = odor = fragrant = perfume/腐败,侵蚀：corrode = rot = decay = corrupt = stale = degenerate/退：repel = recede = retreat = retire/鄙视：contempt = despise = scorn = disdain = look down upon /波动：swing = sway = vibrate = fluctuate/微不不不不: negligible不 trivial不 insignificant/不不不不不不: fragile不 brittle不 crisp不 delicate/不不不: prominent不 eminent不 renowned/不不不不不: reclaim不 refund不 retrieve不 withdraw/不不: affiliate不 appendix不 auxiliary/不不不: energetic不 robust不 Vigorous不 brisk不 dynamic/不不: satire不 sarcastic/不不: reputation不 celebrity不fame不 prestige/不不不: underlying不 implicit不 latent不loom不 potential/不不: vocation不 occupation不 pursuit/不不: remedy不 therapy不 medication/不不: commence不 outset不 threshold/管理: supervise=administrate=manage= regulate/不不不: tedious不 monotonous/不不不: swift不 prompt不 Instant/不:heap不 stack不pile/不不: nourish不 nurture不rear不 foster/不不: likelihood不 possibility不 potentiality/不不不: authentic不 engine不real/不不不: inherent不 Intrinsic不 Innate不 inborn/不不不: primitive不 primeval不 Incipient/不不不: remainder不 surplus不 redundant不 remnant不 excess/不不不不不: inherit不 heritage不 legacy不 successor/不不不: conventional-不 traditional不 orthodox不 used to do/不不: impair不 damage不ruin不harm/不不不: conspicuous不 obvious不 evident/不不: refute不 retort不 contradict/不不: solemn不 sacred不 males/不不不不不: renovate不 revive不 refresh不 rejuvenate不 regain不 restore。
考研英语同义词辨析介绍
1. rude, rough, crude, raw, coarse这组形容词的一般含义为“粗”。
【辨析】 rude [ru:d] 可以用来修饰人、思想、行为，或者修饰人所做的事情。
修饰人或其思想时，意思是“粗鲁”、“没有礼貌”或“村野”;在修饰物时，表示缺乏技艺，或者由于没有合适的材料或适当的工具，做出的东西是“粗糙的”The old man lived alone in a rude hut.老人独自住在一个粗陋的小屋里。
rough [rf] 在修饰人和思想、行为时，仅仅表示“粗”，比如我们常说的“大老粗”，并不含有“粗鲁”、“无礼”及“村野”的意思。
在修饰物或所做的活儿时，rough表示非精心制作的，有时表示有意做的粗糙，因为只要满足了需要就行，不必做得精细The English gentlemen always keep themselves away from the rough quarter of the town.英国的绅士们总是不肯接近这个城市的粗人居住的地区。
crude [kru:d] 的原义是“天然状态的”，在修饰物时指的是“未加工的”、“粗糙的”。
在修饰人或思想、行为时，指的是“未开化的”、“低级的”、“粗鲁的”I've never appreciated his crude sense of humour.我从不欣赏他那低级趣味的幽默。
raw [r:] 在修饰物时，意思是“生的”(即未加工处理的)、“未熟的”。
如raw meat(生肉)，raw eggs(生蛋)。
在修饰人及思想、行为时，raw指的是“未成熟的”、“无经验的”、“不老练的”coarse [k:s] 在修饰物时，其“粗糙的”含义实际上指的是“精细的”(fine)的反义词。
如coarse sand(粗砂)，fine sand(细砂)2.poud，arrogant, overbearing, conceited【辨析】proud [praud] 系常用词, 兼有好坏两方面的意思, 指“自已感觉比别人强”, 含“自重自尊、威严、傲慢、自负、感到光荣或得意”之意十分骄傲。
考研英语阅读之同义替换解析
考研英语阅读之同义替换解析随着炎炎夏日的到来, 同学们的复习进度也正在进行的如火如荼。
在英语阅读块面，仔细阅读考研文章之后, 再来看题目和选项, 相比很多同学都已经发现一个共性，那就是：同义替换。
很多题目和选项都或多或少的与原文里的句子有些不大一样，但是意思却基本相同。
Text1 是一篇讲述如何在对话中有效使用幽默的文章1. ：To make your humor work, you should ________.答案C：address different problems to different people定位原文：Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different.答题要点：既然是细节题,并且出现在第一道,那么应该正确答案理应出现在文章前面段落,并且很可能就是第一段.正确选项和原文之间并非出现词汇的同义替换, 而是换了句型.2：The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are ________.正确答案B：very conscious of their godlike role原文复现："Who is that?" the new arrival asked St. Peter. "Oh, that's God," came the reply, "but sometimes he thinks he's a doctor."答题要点：这个题目难度较大, 但是解本题的时候, 除了找到此同义替换局外, 还有一点是关键的, 那就是这个例子出现的背景, 那就是护士对医生有着一致的看法和观点, 并且绝对不是一种好的评价, 所以才会拿来开玩笑. 所以再结合原文, 应该推断, B为正确选项.说明医生很在乎自己上帝般的角色God再次出现。
考研阅读中可同义替换的单词
1.important =crucial (extremely important), significant (amount or effect large enough to be important)2. common=universal, ubiquitous (if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)3.abundant=ample (enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants)4.stick=adhere, cling (hold on something tightly)5.neglect=ignore (difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)6.near=adjacent (two things next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL)8.accurate=precise (precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)9.vague=obscure (unknown or known by only a few people)10.top=peak, summitpetitor=rival, opponent (especially in sports and politics)12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)13.opinon=perspective, standpoint (means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation15.build=erect (you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish16.insult=humiliate (do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid)plain=grumble(complain something in a bad-tempered way)18.primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental19.relieve=alleviate(alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)20.force=coerce into (coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to),compel21.enlarge=magnify (magnify means make something larger than it really is)plex=intricate (if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)23. Lonely=solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her24.small=minuscule (very small), minute,25.praise=extol (stronger than praise), compliment (polite and political)26.hard-working=assiduous=diligent=industrious (someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly27.difficult=arduous(if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)28.poor(soil)=barren, infertile (used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)29.fragile=brittle, vulnerable (someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)30.show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people.)31.big=massive (large in size, quantity, or extent), colossal (use this word, you emphasize something’s large), tremendous (INFORMAL)32.avoid=shun (if someone shuns something, s/he deliberately avoidthat something or keep away from it.)33.fair=impartial (someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something.)34.attack=assault(physically attack someone), assail (attack violently35.dislike=abhor (abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons), loathe (dislike very much)!36.ruin=devastate(it means damage something very badly, or utterly destroy it.)37.always=invariably (the same as always, but better than always)38.forever=perpetual (a perpetual state never changes), immutable (something immutable will never change or be changed)39.surprise=startle (it means surprise you slightly), astound (surprise you to a large degree),astonish(the same as astound)40.enthusiasm=zeal(a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere andenthusiasm)41.quiet=tranquil (calm and peaceful), serene (calm and quiet)!42.expensive=exorbitant (it means too expensive that it should be)43.luxurious=lavish (impressive and very expensive), sumptuous (grand and very expensive44.boring=tedious (if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)46.respect=esteem (if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her. FORMAL)47.worry=fret (if you fret about something, you worry about it)48.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy (extremely cold)49.hot=boiling(very hot)50.dangerous=perilous (very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous,especially to people's safety and health)51.nowadays=currently52.only=unique (the only one of its kind), distinctive;53.stop=cease (if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)54.part=component (the components of something are the parts that it is made of)55.result=consequence (the results or effects of something)56.obvious=apparent, manifest57.based on=derived from (can see or notice them very easily)58.quite=fairly59.pathetic=lamentable (very uncomfortable and disappointing)60.field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)61.appear=emerge (come into existence)62.whole=entire (the whole of something)63.wet=moist (slightly wet), damp(slightly wet), humid (very damp and hot)!64.wrong=erroneous (incorrect or partly correct)65.difficult=formidable66.change=convert (change into another form)67.typical=quintessential (this word means represent a typical example of something)68.careful=cautious (very careful in order to avoid danger),prudent (careful and sensible)69.ability=capacity, capability(the same as ability)70.strange=eccentric (if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, or his/her opinion is different from most people)71.rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)e= utilize(the same as use)73.dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)74.satisfy=gratify(if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure and satisfaction)75.short=fleeting, ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)76.scholarship=fellowship77.angry=enraged(extremely angry)78.smelly=malodorous(used to describe an unpleasant smell)79.ugly=hideous (if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)80.attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive), absorbing (something absorbing can attract you a great deal)81.diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kinds of things)82.disorder=disarray, chaos83.crazily=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and uncontrolled way)84.rapid=meteoric (ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves success quickly)85.ordinary=mundane (very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)86.despite=notwithstanding (FORMAL)87.best=optimal (used to describe the best level something can achieve)/88.sharp=acute(severe and intense)89.unbelievable=inconceivable (if you deem（认为）something inconceivable, you think it very unlike to happen ^90.puzzle=perplex(something perplex someone means it confuses and worries him/her because he/she does not understand it)92.famous=distinguished (used to describe people who are successful in their career)93.ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)94.decorate=embellish(embellish means make something look more attractive via decorating it with something else)/95.possible=feasible (if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)96.so=consequently, accordingly97.rare=infrequent(doesn’t happen often98.greedy=rapacious(greedy and selfish)。
完整版考研英语近义词辨析
考研英语近义近形词辨析（一）1. adapt 适应adopt 收养2. alive 活着的living 活的,起作用的lively 活泼的live 直播（节目）3. alone 单独的,孤独的 lonely 寂寞的，（地方）偏僻的4. attribute 归结与contribute 贡献distribute 分发tribute 贡品,礼物5. afford 供应得起effort 努力6. believe 相信relieve 减轻确定confine 限制confess 承认confuse 使糊涂refuse 拒绝8. commit 犯(错误)submit 递交permit 允许admit 承认omit 省略9. cure 治愈curve 使弯曲curse 诅咒10. considerate 考虑周到的considerable 相当多的considering 考虑到,顾及11. clear 清楚的clean 清洁的12. definite 明确的infinite 无限的define 定义13. different 不同的indifferent 无关紧要的14. disappoint 使失望disapprove 不赞成15. deceive 欺骗 receive 收到16. expensive 昂贵的experiment 实验17. ensure 保证assure 担保insure 给…保险18. expensive 昂贵的 expansive 易扩张的 extensive 广阔的 intensive 强烈的19. expense 费用expansion 膨胀extension 扩充exposure 暴露20. efficient 有效的sufficient 充分的 effective 有效的21. harvest 收获harness 马具22. high 高的highly 非常23. imply 暗示apply 应用supply 提供reply 答复24. impose 强加expose 揭露propose 计划suppose 假设25. inspect 检查 expect 期待 respect 尊敬 suspect 怀疑26. include 包含 conclude 结束27. infect 传染 effect 结果 affect 影响询问 require 需要 acquire 获得干涉 interrupt 打扰 interpret 解释 interview 接见通知 reform 改革 perform 履行果酱 jar 广口瓶 jaw 下巴说谎 lay 放置注意 notice 通知获得 maintain 维持 contain 包含 sustain 支持物体 subject 主题 project 工程价格 prize 奖品 praise 赞扬礼物 represent 象征拥有 process 过程更喜欢 refer 谈及 infer 推断工程 reject 拒绝借口protect 保护protest 抗议生产reduce 减少deduce 推论induce 劝诱保护reserve 储存conserve 保存复习revise 修改preview 事先查看抵抗persist 持续insist 坚持 assist 帮助consist 由…组成履历consume 消耗assume 假定回答correspond 符合分别的respectful 尊敬的 respectable 可敬的上升arise 出现raise 提高arouse 唤醒身份statue 雕像全体职员 stiff 僵硬的 stuff 原料有感觉的 sensitive 敏感的成功proceed 进行exceed 超越传输transfer 转移transform 转换translate 翻译transport 运输transplant 移植暂时contemporary 同时代的联合unity 团结reunion 重聚unit 个体变化varied 各式各样的various 不同的variety 种类variable 可变的漫步wonder 对…感到惊奇推荐demand 要求command 命令接近excess 过量敌对averse 反对的假装affection爱暗示illusion幻觉一年一次的annul取消估价apprise报告争论augment 增加绷带bondage奴役用纸盒包装cartoon漫画检查censure责难猛烈相撞collusion共谋密友confident确信的领事council会议counsel劝告乳牛场diary日记死亡disease疾病适合desent降下dissent异议沙漠dessert甜点分解dissemble伪装,draft草稿drought 久旱合格的illegible难读的闻名的imminent迫近的提升exult欢腾设计精巧的ingenuous天真的嫉妒的zealous热心的材料materiel军备品行端正的morale士气法令ordnance军械教区perish死犯（罪）perpetuate使不朽人格personalty私人财产迫害prosecute进行可携带的potable可饮用的开药方proscribe禁止真实realty不动产雕像stature身材假期vocation职业女毕业生alumnus男毕业生alumni毕业生非道德的immoral不道德的unmoral无关道德问题的嗜好vocation职业vacation 假期一年两度的biennial两年一次的琴弦cord细绳要紧牙关clinch是订牢气候weather天气比较contrast对比涵义denotation意义可鄙的contemptuous藐视的连续的continuous不断的可信的credulous轻信的公正的uninterested不赶兴趣的杂乱无章的unorganized未加组织的种种的diverse不同的二重的duel决斗利己主义者egotist自大者出现immerge浸入自本国移居他国者immigrant自他国移入者更远的further更进一步的绞死hung悬挂历史上著名的historical有关历史的人类的humane慈悲的虚构的imaginative富于想象的举世无双的uncomparable无法比较的难以置信的incredulous不信的易于liable易患的likely有可能的繁茂的luxurious奢侈的呻吟mourn哀悼口头的verbal言辞的私人的personnel人员登记registrars登记员帆船sailor水手客厅saloon酒店潜意识的unconscious失去知觉的副本transcription眷写神坛alter改变上升assent同意大炮canon教规帆布canvass兜售割让session开会昏厥feint作假击激烈intention意图祈祷prey被捕食之物首要的principle基本信条固定的stationery文具地址，发表演说attribute性质委员会concert音乐会content内容N 相反的事物 V 谈话 N 沙漠 V 舍弃N 摘要 V 消化N 本能 A 充满的A 亲密的 V 暗示 N 分 A 微小的 N 物体 V 反对 V 拒绝 N 垃圾N 泪 V 撕A 用旧了的 A 习惯于adv/prep.在船或飞机上， abroad adv. 向国外；在国外，a.学术的,学者的academical a..学院的，大专院校的v.接受. except prep./v.除外 n.接受acceptation n.字句的意义a.胶粘的cohesive a.紧密结合在一起的n.入场；入学，入会admittance n.入场a. 相反的，不利的averse a. 反对的；不乐意的n.影响；爱情affection n.矫揉造作affect v.影响 effect v./n.产生结果;结果172. allusion n.暗示，隐喻illusion n.幻觉，错觉a.轮流的，交替的，间隔的alternative a./n.二中择一的v.修正议案等emend v.校勘，校订 a.人和蔼可亲的am cable a.行为手势友好的v.上升；攀登；追溯descend v.下降；代代传下来n./v. 同意，赞许ascent n. 上升；登高 n./v.试图，努力tempt v.诱惑v.因害羞或狼狈而引起的脸红flush v.因兴奋紧张喜悦而引起的脸红n./v.休息；打破brake n. 刹车v. 抛光；打磨furnish v. 供给v.埋葬berry n.浆果a./n.首要的；首都capitol n. 美国国会大厦n. 地下室（贮藏粮食燃料）seller n. 卖主；售货之物a. 孩子所特有的，幼稚的childlike a. 孩子们天真的，诚实的v,/n. 向…致意，祝贺；表扬，赞美的话complement v./n. 补充；补充物a.能懂的，可以理解的comprehensive a.综合的，全面的a. 义气相投的，合适的congenital a.天生的a.相当的considerate a.体贴的n.特种兵团，军团corpse n. 尸体n.课程；路线coarse a. 粗糙的，粗俗的a.可信的，可靠的credulous a. 轻信的，易受骗的a.有缺点的有毛病的deficient a. 缺乏的，不足的n.查明，查出detention n. 扣留，扣押 a.无私的，无偏见的uninterested a.不感兴趣的；漠不关心的n./v. 持异议不同意descent n. 降下，下坡，家世a.明显的；性质上不同的distinctive a. 区别的；鉴别性的；有特色的a.新鲜的，可口的edible a. 可食的a. 用电的electrical a.与电有关的 a.杰出的imminent a.迫切的,逼近眼前的v.扩大膨胀，发展expend v. 花费v.熄灭（火光、希望等）distinguish v. 区别a.虚心的，怯懦的，微弱的feint n./v.佯攻假装n./v.光辉，火焰；燃烧，变红blame v.责备，归咎于n./v.闪光，闪烁flush n./v.脸色红润；面孔突然发红v.愈合heel n.脚后跟a.有历史意义的historical a. 历史的，有关历史的a.声音发哑的coarse a.粗糙的,粗鲁的a.卑鄙的，出身卑贱的ignorant a. 无知的a. 富有想象力的imaginary a. 假想的imaginable a.可以想象得到的a.立法的，立法权的legitimate a. 合法的，，正当的，合理的a.字面的literary a. 书面的文学的a./n小的；未成年者miner n.矿工a.可忽略的，微不足道的neglectful a.不留心的疏忽的a.可行的，行得通的practical a. 有用的，现实的a./n.主要的；校长principle n. 主义，原则 v.保留（意见、权力、款项）；预定（房间、座位）preserve v. 收藏保存防腐conserve v. 保持，保存 a. 可尊敬的respectful a.恭敬的a.负责的responsive a. 回答的，响应的a. 季节性的seasonable a.当令的，合时的，及时的a. 觉察的，明智的sensitive a. 敏感的神经过敏的a.肉体上的，肉欲的，淫荡的sensuous a. 感觉上的，感官享受的，引起美感的a.可耻的ashamed a. 以为…是羞耻a.痛的，酸痛的sour a. 酸的n. 一套衣服,诉讼suite n. 房间器具的一套a.不能够，不会disable a. 使残废，使无能a. 热心的，热诚的jealous a. 嫉妒的227..relieve减轻，解除，援助reveal 透露，暴露release 释放reject 拒绝，抛弃resolve 决心，决定，决议revenge 报复，复仇revenue 税收refuge 庇护，避难所revolt 造反，反抗228..contend vi.竞争，比赛，争论 vt.主张，坚信content 内容contest 比赛，竞赛context 上下文contrast 对照，对比continents 大陆，大洲constituents 构成constructs 建造，构造constitutes 构成向……欢呼，为……喝彩proclaim 宣告，声明exclaim 呼喊reclaim 要求归还，收回declaim 高声朗读230..acid 酸，酸的acrid 辛辣的arid，干旱的avid 渴望的avoid 避免突然的corrupt 腐败的disrupt 分裂，瓦解erupt 爆发演绎seduce 诱使educe 引出，得出induce 劝诱reduce 减少，缩小琐事，详情retail 零售entail 使承担唤醒invoke 调用provoke 激怒revoke 撤回驱逐repel 反击impel 推动dispel 驱散compel 强迫使命，任务，代表团admission，允许进入commission 委任emission 发射，散发permission 许可transmission 播送，发射missionary 传教士泡，泡沫pebble 卵石rubble 瓦砾，碎石拒绝，对齐，排斥eject 逐出inject 注射deject 使沮丧压suppress 镇压，抑制impress 印，留下印象depress 使消沉compress 压缩express 表达pressure 压力，压强，强制，压迫资源，财力recourse 求助，求援造成（困难等）；提出（问题等）；陈述（观点等）compose 组成，写作dispose 处理，处置expose 使暴露impose 征税，强加oppose 反对purpose 打算suppose 推想，假设propose 提议，建议，提名，推荐242. product 产品，强调由人力或机械力或自然力生产的东西production 生产produce 产物，农产品productivity 生产力243. success 成功succession 连续244. expansion 扩张，膨胀excursion 短途旅行existence 存在exchange 交换，交流245. recession 萧条，衰退concession 让步confession 招供，认错confusion 混乱，紊乱246. symptoms 症状，征兆syndrome 综合症状247. overhaul 彻底检查overflow 飞过overlap 部分重叠overcast 遮蔽248. process 过程，步骤，程序prospects 指经济方面的前景project 规则，方案，工程profile 侧影，外形249. praise 赞美braise 炖肉250. self-confident 自信的self-sufficient 自给自足的self-satisfied 自满的self-restrained 自我控制的251. assumption 假定，假设，多指无证据的设想；presumption 认定，推测，侧重有根据的推论252. consumption 消费resumption 回复253. attain达到，获得，尤指经过一定的努力而获得obtain，获得abstain 放弃retain 保留contain 包含254. distort 歪曲，曲解contort 因扭曲而变形retort 反驳255. concede 承认，让步accede 同意recede 后退precede 领先256. barely 强调程度rarely 强调频率257. worth be ~ sth/doing 值得worthy be ~ of够得上，值得worthless 无价值的worthwhile 值得花时间的，值得做的258. distinguishing 分辨discovering 发现determining 确实detecting 察觉259. diluted 冲淡，稀释dissolved 解散，溶解dispersed 分散，散布diffused 散开，扩散260. interaction （with）与……的互相作用，互相影响assimilation （into）适应，同化，融入……cooperation （with）与……的合作consultation （with）和……的商议261. now that 既然（表条件）so that 以使，以至（表目的）262. even if 及时，表让步if only 但愿，希望，标示一种强烈的愿望，后接虚拟语气only if 只有在……的时候，表示对条件的强调as if 好像，仿佛，表比较263. origin 起源original 原创264. identical 同一的，同样的duplicate 复制的265. protest 抗议，反对（反对的内容已经实施）object 反对（反对的内容未曾实施）266. advise 给对方建议劝告对方，但对方是否接受不抱希望（弱势对强势）；suggest 建议希望对方做某事，往往带有敦促、鼓励或警告之意（强势对弱势）propose 提议，供大家讨论267. sick of 对…厌恶（尤指因食、饮、听、看过度引起的）tire of 厌倦，对…不感兴趣268. bind 有约束力的restrain 抑制的，遏制的，可指彻底阻止也可指将……纳入控制、约束之中，强迫意味，可表示自我抑制vtlimit （能力或数量上）有限的confine （空间上）受限的269. grant （由于慷慨、仁慈）给予某物，(通常是上对下、官方正式地)允许allow （一般意义上）允许permit (法律上、制度上)允许270. fare (特指交通等)费用fee (进入一个地方，如场馆、学校等)费用bill （用餐、电话等）账单考研英语近义近形词辨析（二）1.climate：气候，风气，思潮circumstance：特指经济状况，表示环境，状况时常用复数atmosphere：气氛，氛围environment：指对人的感情、品德、思想等或动植物生存产生影响的环境surroundings：特指自然环境（地理概念）context:上下文2.vessel:血管，管道，一般指细小管道；route：路线，航线；path：乡间小路，公园小径；channel：海峡，渠道，管道；road:广阔平坦的大道，多指公路；way:可指各种路、道或通道，也可指抽象的道路、方法；street: 尤指城市中的道路；highway: 通常指市区外可以通行各种机动车辆的交通干线;motorway（free way，express way）: 高速公路；lane: 指农村或城镇的小道或小径，也指小巷；pavement（sidewalk）:街道两旁的人行道；trail: 指人或兽在森林、荒野或山中踩出的小径或崎岖小道3. in place of指以甲到乙；instead of除代替外有对乙否定的意味，有时译为不4. as to：关于；for instance：后接一个句子或作插入语，放在句子中间或末尾，后面不能直接接宾语；such as：列举同类人或事物中的几个例子，用在句子中间,后面是such as之前内容的一个方面或补充；in particular：特别的，尤其，详尽的for example：举例说明某一论点或情况，一般只举同类人或物中的“一个”为例，可位于句首、句中或句末5. tighten：加紧，收紧，侧重强调数量，活动，情感，不和control搭配；intensify：加强，强化；fasten：系牢，扣紧，多接具体名词6. rough:指某物表面凹凸不平，不光滑；coarse: 指某物质地粗糙低劣或编织、加工等不精细、精巧。
考研英语二历年阅读同义词替换
同义替换1.富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-off2.贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding=superb4. 积极的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous5. 消极的：bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest=clear=self-evident7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous=astonishing9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous =pretty10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous11. 流行的：popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive12. 提高/加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize=better13. 诱因：cause = trigger14. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with=handle15. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture16. 激发/鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur17. 认为：think = assert= hold = claim=argue=contend=maintain=insist=believe18. 完成：complete = fulfill =accomplish= achieve19. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold20. 损害：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize21. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten22. 影响：influence= impact=effect=implication23. 危险：danger = perils =hazard24. 污染：pollution = contamination25. 人类：human beings= mankind = the human race26. 老人： old people= the old = the elderly =the aged = senior citizens27. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being28. 老师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers29. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing30. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents=teenagers31. 优点：advantage = merit = superiority = virtue=upside=strength32. 缺点/弊端：drawback=defect=demerit=weakness=downside=dis advantage33. 能力：ability = capacity = power = skill34. 职业：job = career = employment = profession=occupation35. 娱乐：enjoyment = pastime= recreation= entertainment36. 孩子：children = offspring = descendant= kid37. 努力：struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for38. 从事：embark on = take up = set about = go in for39. 在当代: in contemporary society = in present-day society= in this day and age40. 大量的: a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of41. 加速：accelerate=speed up42. 参加：attend=participate in=engage in=join in43. 得到/获得：achieve=obtain=gain=access to44. 使适应/融为一体：adapt to=integrate into45.目标：aim=objective=goal46.关注/聚焦于：aim at=focus on=concentrate on=emphasize on=lay emphasis on=attach importance to=pay attention to47. 想去做：attempt to do=try to do=intend to do48.大约：approximately=roughly=about=some=around49.因此：as a result=consequently=as aconsequence=hence=thus=therefore=so50. 与...有关：associate with=connect with=link with=relate to=involve in51.随机：at will=at random＝by chance=by accident=accidentally=automatically52.确保：ensure=guarantee53.与...相似：be similar to=be closely resembled =have something in common54.被用于做...：be used to=be devoted to55.快速地：by leaps and bounds=briskly =rapidly=swiftly56.赶上...步伐:catch up with=keep pace with57.主要的：chief=major=dominant=principal58.关心的问题：concern =focus59.概念：conception=notion=idea60.面临：be confronted with=encounter=be in the face of61.污染：contaminate=pollute62.导致：contribute to=result in=lead to=be responsible for63.与...合作：cooperate with=work with=collaborate with64.转变为：convert to=turn into65.出现：crop up=crop out=come up=appear66.致命的：deadly=fateful=fatal67.减少：diminish=decrease=shrink68.区别/不同：distinction=difference=discrepancy=disparity69.辨别：distinguish=tell70.由于：owing to=thanks to=due to=because of71.责任：responsibility = obligation = duty = liability72.威胁：endanger=threaten73.查明：ascertain=find out=figure out=work out74.发展：evolve=develop=progress=advance75.开始：embark upon=start=launch=begin76.启蒙/教育：enlighten=illuminate=instruct=educate77.基础：foundation=basis78.资助：finance=sponsor=fund79.障碍：hurdle=barrier80.暗示：indicate=suggest81.对...做出反应：be in reaction to=respond to82.重要的：important=significant=crucial=essential=fundamenta l=critical=vital=indispensable=imperative83.方法：approach=means=method=technique84.可能性：likelihood=possibility85.掌握：master=grasp86.错误的理解：misconception=misunderstanding=mistaken view87.改变：modify=change=alter=transform=revolutionize88.本质：nature=character=essence89.模式：pattern=format=model90.描述：portray=describe91.保护：conserve=protect=preserve92.调查：questionnaire=survey93.容易地：readily=easily=accessibly94.依靠：rely on=depend on=bank on95.状况：state=situation=circumstance96.成功/成就：success=achievement=great outcome=great progress=huge development97.天赋：talent=gift98. 吸收：absorb=assimilate99.有保留地赞同：agree partly=agree with reservation100.谚语：saying=proverb101.把……奉献于/专注于：devote to=dedicate to102.期望/预期：expect=anticipate103.宣传：publicize=propagandize104.古老的：old=ancient105.著名的：well-known=famous=prestigious106.偏见/歧视：bias=prejudice=discrimination107.大都市：big city=metropolis108.冲突：conflict=collision109.传统/习俗：custom=convention=tradition110.立法：lawmaking=legislation111.时不时：from time to time=now and then=once in a while=at times112.经常：often =frequently =repeatedly113.一再：time after time=again and again114.根据：according to= on the basis of=on the ground of=in the light of= in line with=in accordance with115.增大：enlarge=extend=amplify=magnify116.假定：suppose=assume=postulate=hypothesize117.前述的：aforementioned=aforesaid118.从古至今：from ancient times to the present day=down through the ages119.以此标准来算：by this criterion=by this standard120.结果：result=aftermath= consequence121.简而言之：put simply=in short=in brief122.行为：conduct=behavior=doings123.观点：view=viewpoint=point of view=idea=assertion=argument=perspective=standp oint=statement=claim124.来自：stem from=come from=result from=flow from125.暗淡的：gloomy=dark=dim126.迹象：hint=clue=a slight suggestion127.范围：scope=field=realm128.评估：assess=evaluate129.承认：admit=acknowledge=confess=concede130.具体的：specific=concrete=tangible130.解药：cure=remedy131.模糊的：ambiguous=vague=obscure132.影响深远的：far-reaching=profound133.忍受：bear=put up with=endure=stand134.证据：evidence=facts=proof=grounds135.令人惊讶的：amazing=astonishing=astounding136.无法避免的：unavoidable=inevitable137.理解：understand=comprehend=catch the meaning of138.动力：impetus=driving force= momentum139.不恰当：inappropriate=improper= unsuitable140.有意义的：meaningful=fulfilling141.确切地说：to be exact=to be precise= precisely142.强调：emphasize=stress=highlight=underline=underscore= accent143.真正的:genuine=authentic=real144.怪异的:eccentric=peculiar=odd145.炫耀：boast about=show off=speak too highly of146.照顾：take care of=take charge of= attend to=watch over147.增长：increase=grow=climb=mount=ascend=go up=jump=leap=surge=soar=rocket=skyrocket148.下降：decrease=decline=fall=reduce=descend=diminish=dr op=sink=slide=shrink=godown=collapse=plunge=slump149.波动：go up and down=rise and fall=fluctuate150.保持稳定：remain stable=stay stable=remain unchanged=stay unchanged=remain steady=stay steady=remain constant=stay constant=level off=level out=stabilize151.达到顶点至：reach the peak at=reach the summit at=reach the top at=reach the highest point at=reach the zenith at=reach the climax at151.坠入谷底至：bottom at=reach the bottom at=reach the lowest point at152.平稳地：gradually=slightly=smoothly=steadily=gently=slowly =moderately=modestly153.急剧地：dramatically=sharply=considerably=rapidly=suddenly =greatly=alarmingly=remarkably=significantly=enor mously=substantially=markedly=steeply=hugely=am azingly=drastically=tremendously154.占：make up=occupy=represent=account for=form=constitute155.描述/展示：show=illustrate=present=reveal=demonstrate=displa y=outline=describe=depict156.标准：standard=criterion=gauge157.心理健康：psychological soundness=psychological health158.教学法：teaching methodology=teaching method159.适应：adapt to=adjust to =become accustomed to160.给学生动力：motivate students to do =give students motivation to do161.盲从：follow...indiscriminately=follow...blindly162.限制创造力的发展：constrain creativity=hinder creativity163.打击学生积极性：dampen the students’enthusiasm=frustrate the students164.逆境：adverse circumstances=adversity165.独立思考：think independently=think by oneself166.理论和实践相结合：integrate theory withpractice=put theory into practice167.课程：curriculum=subject168.不遵守纪律：indiscipline=misbehavior169.全面发展的：well-rounded=versatile170.尖端先进的技术：cutting-edge technology=advanced technology171.信息爆炸：information explosion=information overload172.信息时代：information age=information era173.提高效率：enhance efficiency=boost efficiency174.提高生产效率：enhance productivity=boost productivity175.受到普遍欢迎：gain widespread popularity=win tremendous popularity176.能源危机：energy crisis=energy pinch177.当局：authorities=governments178.规范/管理：regulate=monitor179.实施：implement=exert180.严禁：strictly prohibit=forbid181.拨款: invest in=allocate money to =dedicate money to182.政府开支：government spending=government expenditure183.把…当成当务之急：give priority to=put...in the first place184.生活节奏：the tempo of life=the pace of life185.交通堵塞：traffic jam=traffic congestion186.阻碍...的发展：hinder the development of=hamper the development of187.居民：residents=city dwellers188.城乡差距：the disparity between the city and the countryside=the gap between the city and the countryside189.贫富差距：the disparity between the wealthy and the impoverished=the gap between the wealthy and the impoverished190.人口爆炸：population explosion=population boom191.计划生育：family planning=birth control192.性别歧视：gender bias=sexual discrimination193.文明的社会：a civilized society =an enlightened society194.家庭暴力：domestic violence=family violence 195.家庭情感纽带：family bonds=family ties196.广泛使用：the proliferation of=the wide use of 197.祖先：ancestor=forefather198.后代：descendant=offspring199.文化融合：cultural integration=cultural assimilation200.文化特性：cultural identity=cultural characteristic201.贬低…的重要性：minimize the importance of=belittle the importance of202.公正客观的：objective=impartial203.随着因特网技术的出现：with the advent of the Internet technology=with the arrival of the Internet technology204.旅游景点：tourist attractions=tourist spots205.开拓眼界：expand one’s horizons=widen one’s horizons=broaden one’s view=broaden one’s scope of knowledge206.耗尽：exhaust=use up207.生态系统：ecosystem=ecological system208.白色污染：white plastic pollution=non-biodegradable garbage209.采取严厉措施：take harsh measures=adopt harsh measures210.处于灭绝的边缘：be on the verge of extinction=be on the brink of extinction211.违法：break the law=violate the law=disobey the law212.遵守法律：abide by the law=comply with the law=obey the law213.使迷惑：puzzle=bewilder=perplex=baffle214.发生：happen=occur=take place215.原因：reason=factor=cause216.奢侈：extravagant=luxurious217.决心: determination=resolution218.对……非常熟悉: well-acquainted with=be familiar with219.自尊：self-esteem=dignity220.沉迷于：be indulged in=be addicted to221.青少年犯罪：juvenile delinquency= youth crime222.传授知识：impart knowledge= inculcate knowledge223.省钱的:cost-effective=economical224.道德准则:code of ethics=code of conduct225.处在公众注意力的焦点:in the spotlight=in the limelight226.名望：reputation=fame227.极度渴望：long for=thirst for228.不愿意去做某事：be reluctant to do =be unwilling to do229.满足感：gratification=satisfaction230.下岗工人: laid-off workers= downsized workers231.失业：unemployment=joblessness232.肤浅的：superficial=shallow233.荒唐可笑的：absurd=ridiculous234.史无前例的：unprecedented= groundbreaking235.老龄化社会：aging society = graying society236.违法者：offender=violator237.交通方式：modes of transportation= means of transportation238.环境恶化：environmental degradation=environmental deterioration239.有限的自然资源：limited natural resources=finite natural resources240.贫瘠的土地: barren land=infertile land241.环保主义者：environmentalists= conservationists242.消耗：consume=deplete243.自助游：self-conducted tour= self-guidedtour244.忽略：neglect=ignore=overlook=lose sight of245.对手：competitor=rival=opponent246.事实上：practically=in practice=essentially=in essence=in reality=in effect=in fact=as a matter of fact247.换言之：namely=that is to say=in other words=to put it like this=to put it differently=to put it from another way=to put it from another angle248.热情：enthusiasm=zeal =passion249.无聊的/无趣的：boring=tedious=senseless=meaningless=uninterestin g250.创造力：creativity=originality=innovation251.自信：confidence=assertiveness251.开发市场：tap the market=expand the market=explore the market252.精致的: elegant=delicate= elaborate=subtle253.杰出的: outstanding=distinguished=eminent=supreme= extraordinary=prominent= matchless254.努力的：hard-working=assiduous255.怀疑的：dubious=skeptical256.尽管：in spite of=despite=notwithstanding257.令人难以置信的：unbelievable=incredible=inconceivable258.从某种程度上：to some extent=to certain degree259.恐惧：fear=phobia260.管理者：administrator=manager=executive=boss=supervisor261.心胸开阔的：liberal-minded=broad-minded262.消费者/买家：customer=consumer=client=buyer=purchaser=shopp er263.满足需求：suit one’s need=suit one’s demand=suit one’s expectation=fulfill one’s need=fulfill one’s demand=fulfill one’s expectation=satisfy one’s need=satisfy one’s demand=satisfy one’s expectation264.广告：advertisements=advertising=commercials=announce ments265.珍惜：treasure=value=cherish266.商品：commodity=product=goods=merchandise267.万能良药：panacea=cure-all solution268.趋势：tide=tendency=trend269.相互联系的：interrelated=interdependent270.上网：surf the Internet=browse on the Internet271.使...相形见绌：overshadow=eclipse272.美化：beautify=glorify=polish273.繁荣的/蓬勃的：prosperous=flourishing=booming=thriving274.切实可行的：practical=feasible=down-to-earth275.跨国公司: transnational corporation = multinational corporation276.抑制消费: control consumption= inhibit consumption277.连锁反应: chain reaction=domino effect278.承担责任：shoulder one’s responsibility=undertake one’s responsibility=assume one’s responsibility=shoulder one’s duty=undertake one’s duty=assume one’s duty279.跳槽：abandon one’s job for another=drop one’s job for a new one=make a job move=jump fromone company to another=job-jump=job-hop=change one’s job=change one’s career=career-hop280.与…相比：compared with= compared to=in comparison with=in comparison to= by comparison with= by comparison to281.与之相反：in contrast=by contrast=on the other hand=on the contrary= conversely282.首先：first=firstly=first of all=in the first place=first and foremost=to begin with=to start with=initially=on the top of the list283.第二/此外：second=secondly=second of all=in the second place=furthermore=moreover=what’s more=in addition=additionally=besides284.第三/最后：third=thirdly=in the thirdplace=finally=last=lastly=last of all=in the last place=last but not least=most important of all285.综上所述：from what has been discussed above=from what has been mentioned above=from what has been presented above=from what has been outlined above=from what has been remarked above=from what has been said above=from what has been discussed previously=from what has been mentioned previously=from what has been presented previously=from what has been outlined previously=from what has been remarked previously=from what has been said previously=as has been discussed above=as has been mentioned above=as has been presented above=as has been outlined above=as has been remarked above=as has been said above=as has been discussed previously=as has been mentioned previously=as has been presented previously=as has been outlined previously=as has been remarked previously=as has beensaid previously=from the above comparison and contrast,286.总而言之：in conclusion=in summary=to sum up=to summarize=to conclude=all in all=above all=on balance=in a nutshell=in the final analysis=above all=based on the above factors=ultimately=overall=taking all factors into account=taking all factors into consideration=taking all things into account=taking all things into consideration=on the whole287.照我看来：personally=personally speaking=speaking for myself=as for me=as far as I am concerned=as far as I know=from my point of view=in my position=from my angle=from my perspective=to my mind=in my view=as I see it=to me=to my knowledge=in my opinion=in my judgment288.必须得承认：admittedly=to beadmitted=undeniably289.巨大的：huge=gigantic=colossal=vast=enormous=tremendou s290.意向: inclination=leaning= intention291.大众：the masses=the public=the general public=ordinary people292.共识：consensus=agreement293.无关的：unrelated=irrelevant294.永恒的：perpetual = eternal=everlasting295.开创：pioneer = innovate=initiate296.原则：principle=rule=code297.来源：source=origin=supplier298.领域：area=field=arena=sphere299.积累：accumulate=amass=collect=gather=heap=pile300.夸大事件：exaggerate things=sensationalize things=blow things out of all proportions。