2019-2020年高中英语 Unit4《Exploring plants》教案(1) 新人教版选修9
2019-2020年高中英语 Unit4《Exploring plants》教案（1）新人教版
选修9
教学内容： Plant exploration in the 18th and 19th centuries
语言材料分析：
本册书针对的是高三学生。本节为本单元第二课时，主要介绍了欧洲18和19世纪的植物探险。本文简要地介绍一些著名的探险家和他们所取得的成果。文章属于总─分的结构。通过本文的学习，学生可以扩大视野，了解一些植物探险方面的知识。但是这篇文章篇幅上很长，信息量很大对学生理解该文造成了一定的难度。因此，在本课前要考虑这一问题，帮助高三学生提高阅读速度和对细节信息的分析。
Teaching goals:
Language target:
A. Key words and phrase:
exotic, conflict, container, restriction, date back to, appeal to
B. Key sentences
a. Collecting “exotic” plants, as they are called, dates bake to the earliest times.
b. However, it was not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that the exploration of the botanical world began on a large scale.
c. One of the collectors was Father Farges, who collected 37 seeds from a tree that has appealed to him.
d. The European classes took great interest in collecting plants.
e. Large numbers of seeds failed to grow after long sea voyages.
Ability goals
Students get some information on plant exploration.
Students get the main idea, find and infer information according to the reading material.
Students express their ideas after reading.
Students help, cooperate and municate with each other.
Teaching important points
To enable students to understand the reading material by using predicting, skimming, scanning, analyzing, summarizing and inferring after reading.
Teaching difficult points
1. To enable students make use of given information to express their opinions on the passage.
2. Help students observe language points and prepare for the grammar revision.
Teaching methods
Task-based learning approach, petition, group work, discussion
Teaching aids
Multi-media puter platform, group cards
Teaching procedures
Step 1. Lead-in (3’)
A. Divide the whole class into small groups.
B. A video clip
Focus: To arouse students’ inter est and give the task to students.
Step 2. Pre-reading (3’)
Predict according to the title.
The author may tell us _____ in this passage.
A. some plants from other countries
B. the events happening in plant exploration
C. how to explore plants
D. famous plant collectors
Focus: Students can make prediction after observing the title carefully.
Step 3. While reading
Part 1. Fast reading
Read for the main idea and solve the task given in pre- reading. (Students work in groups and work out the questions).
Part 2. Detailed reading (20’)
(Students write down the words, phrases and sentences they can’t understand and work in groups to solve them and work out the multiple choices questions).
Task 1. Scanning
1. Plant collectors met many difficulties except_______.
A. diseases and near-starvation
B. the conflicts with local people
C. restrictions on the movement of Europeans
D. lack of money
2. Who is not a collector mentioned in the passage?
A. Father d’Incarville.
B. The Queen of England.
C. Robert Fortune.
D. E H Wilson.
3. The following plants were taken to Europe except_______.
A. the tree of Heaven
B. the Dove Tree
C. the tea plants
The first recorded plant exploration happened _______.
A. in the 18th century
B. about 1500 years ago
C. about 3500 years ago
D. about 2500 years ago
Focus: To develop students’ ability to search for detailed information.
Task 2. Analyzing
1. The passage is organized in the order of ______.
A. time
B. place
C. character
Focus: To develop students’ ability to analyze the whole passage.
Task 3. Inference
1. What do you think the author will talk about if he adds a paragraph to this passage? The effects of the plant exploration in the 18th and 19th centuries.
B. The plant exploration in the 20th century.
Information about the Dove Tree.
Focus: To help students read beyond the reading material and make their own judgment according the reading material.
Task 4. Language observation
1. What is the meaning of t he underlined part in the sentence “One of the collectors was Father Farge, who collected 37 seeds from a tree that had appealed to him”?
A. that surprised him
B. that he had never seen before
C. that attracted him
D. that he thought was very valuable
2. The earliest record of plant exploration in history dates from 1500 BC.
The earliest record of plant exploration in history ____ ____ ____1500 BC.
3. People didn’t begin to explore plants on a large scale until the 18th and 19th centuries.
It was ____ ____ the 18th and 19th centuries that people began to explore plants on a large scale.
4. The parts in red are used as______ in the sentences.
A. the subject
B. the object
C. the predicative
1.He collected seeds of trees.
2. French Catholic missionaries were beginning to set themselves up in China.
3. The European classes took great interest in collecting plants.
4. Large numbers of seeds failed to grow after long sea voyages.
5. … often we do not realise that many of them e from countries far away. Focus: To help students infer the meanings according to the context.
To help students observe the feature of the object and prepare for the grammar learning
Step 4. Post-reading
Help Liang Qiming find out who made the greatest contribution in plant exploration in the 18th and 19th centuries.
Discussing in groups
Giving opinions.
Step 5. Assignments
1.Try to add a short paragraph as the end of the passage.
2. Get some information about plant exploration in the 20th and 21st centuries on the Internet.
2019-2020年高中英语 Unit4《Exploring plants》背景知识教案（1）新
人教版选修9
Teaching Resources
Background information for Unit 4 Exploring plants
Importance of Plants
Plants form the basic food staple for all life forms. They are the major source of food and oxygen on earth, since no animal can supply these necessary ponents without plants. The cattle we eat as beef, feed on grasses and the fish we eat, consume algae and are therefore dependent on plants for well being. Other important uses of plants include, providing shelter for animals, providing materials for clothing (cotton fibers), paper products, medicines and other chemicals, producing coal from once living plant material, reducing wind speed and noise levels, and reducing soil erosion and water runoff.
There are many different types of cash crops that produce money for farmers. Olive oil es from olives, corn oil es from corn, and peanut oil es from peanuts. Typical agricultural products like corn, wheat, rye, and rice are all considered cash crops. Coffee plants produce beans that are used to make coffee; coca plants give us chocolate; vanilla plants grow long thin beans that are used to produce vanilla flavoring. Many drinks and beverages, like cola and tea, e from plants. Rubber from trees is also a cash crop, as is lumber, fruit, vegetables, and cotton.
Plants are also used in agriculture to help reduce wind speed. Planting trees in a row prevents the wind from blowing away the valuable topsoil. In the forest, trees act as shelter for many organisms.
Plants are also important for the overall ecology of an area. Roots help to stabilize soil and prevent erosion by water run off (soil conservation). Plants are also important in our atmosphere because they use carbon dioxide and give off oxygen while they undergo photosynthesis.
Plants are also used in the urban setting to reduce noise, produce shade, and to beautify an area. Trees add value to homes and munities.
Plants are essential to the balance of nature and in people's lives. Green plants,
i.e., those possessing chlorophyll, manufacture their own food and give off oxygen in the process called photosynthesis, in which water and carbon dioxide are bined by the energy of light. Plants are the ultimate source of food and metabolic energy for nearly all animals, which cannot manufacture their own food. Besides foods (e.g., grains, fruits, and vegetables), plant products vital to humans include wood and wood products, fibers, drugs, oils, latex, pigments, and resins. Coal and petroleum are fossil substances of plant origin. Thus plants provide people not only sustenance but shelter, clothing, medicines, fuels, and the raw materials from which innumerable other products are made.
2. The life cycle of a plant
The life cycle of a plant varies depending on the individual species. There are, however, certain requirements for life that most plants need. The growth of a plant is dependent upon light, water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, minerals in the soil, temperature and microbes in the soil. Light, water, and carbon dioxide are needed for photosynthesis which produces food for the plant. Oxygen is needed when it is dark, because the plant then needs oxygen to maintain itself. The correct temperature, soil, and minerals are all needed when the plant first germinates and subsequently grows. Soil helps bind the roots so the plant can anchor itself. Microbes in the soil include a number that are beneficial to plants. Microbial activity helps bring about the decay of organic material (dead plant material and animals) necessary for the production of soil. Temperature or light intensity varies for each type of plant, and this helps explain global plant distribution; light intensity or temperature also effects the rate of photosynthesis in plants; the time at which a plant flowers and the rate at which water loss occurs in a plant (transpiration.)
When these requirements are static for a seed, it will begin to grow or germinate. Sufficient food and minerals are stored in almost all seeds, so that these factors do not limit germination. As water is absorbed by a seed, the inner tissue swells more rapidly than the seed coat. The penetration of water allows the tissues to bee hydrated and enzyme activity increases. The food that is stored in the cotyledons or the endosperms are now digested and used.
3.The growth requirements of plants
All plants need light, water, air, moderate temperatures and most need soil. Some plants, such as mistletoe and duckweed, do not require soil for growth and life but they do not constitute the majority of plants. There are wide variations in the amount of light and water that plants require. A mature Joshua tree, for example can store enough water to last three years or until another rainy season.
Most plants, however, need water on a more regular schedule. Some plants require a full day's hot sun, and others cannot be taken out of deep shade. Temperature tolerance also varies tremendously. Tundra and lichens can survive near the Arctic, but many tropical plants cannot survive being carried from the store to a car when it is near freezing.
4. Growing plants from cuttings
Many plants can reproduce either sexually (seeds) or vegetatively (asexual), utilizing other plant parts. Whole plants can be grown from stems, leaves or roots,
if the right plant is chosen. The following are some suggestions that can be used to illustrate vegetative reproduction.
Stems: Ivy, potato tubers, bamboo and iris rhizome, bulbs of various kinds (bulbs are actually modified shoots), crocus or gladiolus, corn, Philodendron, Monstera (split-leaf philodendron), strawberry and spider plant offsets. (Many others will grow, even hardwoods, but they take a lot of time and effort.)
Roots: Japanese anemone, Oriental poppy, trumpet creeper, blackberry, raspberry, lily of the Nile, and any other plant that produces sprouts from roots. (The roots you plant will show no visible growth buds, the buds develop after the root cutting is planted.)
Leaves: Begonias, African violets, various succulents, sansevieria, piggy back plant (if leaf has plantlet), and Bryophyllum.
(完整word版)人教版高一英语必修二英语课文原文(2)
Frederick William Ⅰ，the King of Prussia , could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history . This gift was the Amber Room , which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it . The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey . The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days . It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels , which took the country's best artists about ten years to make . In fact , the room was not made to be a gift . It was designed for the palace of Frederick Ⅰ. However, the next King of Prussia , Frederick William Ⅰ,to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. In 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great. In return , the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. So the Amber Room because part of the Czar's winter palace in St Petersburg.About four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors . Later,Catherine Ⅱhad the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. She told her artists to add more details to it .In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted . Almost six hundred candles lit the room ,and its mirrors and pictures shone like gold. Sadly , although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world , it is now missing . In September 1941, the Nazi army was near St Petersburg . This was a time when the two countries were at war . Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace , the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room . However , some of the Nazis secretly stole the room itself . In less than two days 100,000 pieces were put inside twenty-seven woooden boxs . There is no doubt that the boxs were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea . After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery . Recently , the Russians and Germans have built a new Amber Room at the summer palace . By studying old photos of the former Amber Room , they have made the new one look like the old one .In 2003 it was ready for the people of St Petersburg when they celebrated the 300th birthday of their city . A FACT OR AN OPINION? What is a fact? Is it something that people believe? No. A fact is anything that can be proved. For example, it can be proved that China has more people than any other country in the world. This is a fact. Then what is an opinion? An opinion is what someone believes is true but has not been proved. So an opinion is not good evidence in a trial. For example, it is an opinion if you say “Cats are better pets than dogs”. It may be true, but it is difficult to prove. Some people may not agree with this opinion but they also cannot prove that they are right. In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewit nesses to believe and which not to believe. The judge does not consider what each eyewitness looks like or where that person lives or works. He/she only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, which must be facts rather than opinions. This kind of information is called evidence. Unit 2 AN INTERVIEW Pausanias, who was a Greek writer about 2,000 years ago, has come on a magical journey on March 18th 2007 to find out about the present-day Olympic Games. He is now interviewing Li Yan, a volunteer for the 2008 Olympic Games.
高中英语学生能力的培养精选文档
高中英语学生能力的培 养精选文档 TTMS system office room 【TTMS16H-TTMS2A-TTMS8Q8-
高中英语学生能力的培养 在现在的高中英语课堂之中，学生不能够主动地去学习英语，这是造成课堂效率不高的原因。但正是因为教师在教学过程中不去培养学生自主学习的能力造成了这个结果。在以往的教学中，是由教师传授知识而学生接受知识，这是一个单方面的学习过程。这种落后的、单方面的教育模式已经严重地影响了英语的课堂效率。对于学生而言，这种方式不利于他们的学习和身心发展。所以，英语教学必须改革。而课程改革的重点要放在培养学生的实际语言运用能力上，要从学生的学习兴趣、生活经验和认知水平上出发，培养学生主动地思维和大胆地实践，从而形成自主学习的过程。笔者从事高中英语教学五六年，对于培养学生自主学习能力有一些自己的经验。 一、英语教学中的问题 传统的教学模式放在今天已经不再适合，学校已经随着新课改而改变了自己的教学方式。但是大多数的教师依旧不能改变自己的观念，他们仍旧坚持在课
堂中实行教师的“一言堂”，这是一种错误的观念，这样大多会引起学生对于学习的厌恶。要知道只有一个轻松愉快的课堂才能够让学生自由地发言，大胆地讨论。而新课改中强调了教师在课堂中的位置，他们不再是单一的知识的传授者，而是引导学生去学习，激发学生学习的积极性。培养他们在听、说、读、写这四个方面全面发展。 对于教师而言，英语教学的目的太过于单一。大多的教师只讲高考会考到的知识和语法，而对于高考不涉及的内容只字不提，这固然能够提升学生的英语成绩。但同样会让学生错过听力和口语训练的最佳时期。故此，教师在课堂之中除了语法之外，还应当在课堂之中多与学生进行口语的训练。或者要求学生读一些优美的英语句子或者段落增强自己的语感，甚至可以要求学生尝试自己去翻译句子。这样不仅仅能够帮助学生提升自己的英语翻译能力，还能够帮助学生不再将学习英语作为一个学习任务那么简单，而是将英语作为一门有趣的语言来学习。 二、培养学生的自主学习能力
2019年高考英语全国卷1
徐老师 2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷1） 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1. Where does this conversation take place? A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C. In a museum. 2. What does Jack want to do? A. Take fitness classes. B. Buy a pair of gym shoes. C. Change his work schedule. 3. What are the speakers talking about? A. What to drink. B. Where to meet. C. When to leave. 4. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Colleges. B. Classmates. C. Strangers. 5. Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation? 第1页
人教版高中英语课文原文和翻译必修
必修4 Unit 1 A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa. Following Jane's way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest. Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before. Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off. Then we follow as they wander into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree. Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family. Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour. She spent years observing and recording their daily activities. Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment. However, this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps. For example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts. She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system. For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely. She is leading a busy life but she says: "Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. It's terrible. It affects me when I watch the wild chimps. I say to myself, 'Aren't they lucky?" And then I think about small chimps in cages though they have done nothing wrong. Once you have seen that you can never forget ..." She has achieved everything she wanted to do: working with animals in their own environment, gaining a doctor's degree and showing that women can live in the forest as men can. She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women. WHY NOT CARRY ON HER GOOD WORK? I enjoyed English, biology, and chemistry at school, but which one should I choose to study at university? I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the computer to do some research on great women of China. By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist in women's diseases. She lived from 1901 to 1983. It seemed that she had been very busy in her chosen career, travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles. One of them
2019年高考英语全国1卷含答案
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I） 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1.Where does this conversation take place? A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C.In a museum. 2.What does Jack want to do? A. Take fitness classes. B. Buy a pair of gym shoes. C. Change his work schedule. 3.What are the speakers talking about? A. What to drink. B. Where to meet. C. When to leave. 4.What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Colleges. B. Classmates. C. Strangers. 5.Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation? A. She might want a ticket.
人教版高中英语必修五电子课本
按住Ctrl键单击鼠标打开配套教学视频名师讲课播放必修5 Unit 1 JOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attend ed Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he tho ught about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly diseas e of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be contr olled until its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera kille d people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangero us gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the dis ease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evide nce. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his en quiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gat her information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had liv ed. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the de aths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 an d 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he mad e further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 C ambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water f rom the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. He imm ediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away fr om Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certaint y that polluted water carried the virus. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source o f all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally "King Cholera" was defeated. COPERNICUS’ REVOLUTIONRRY THEORY
(完整版)2019年全国高考英语卷1(附答案)
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I) 英语 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。
1.Where does this conversation take place? A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C.In a museum. 2.What does Jack want to do? A. Take fitness classes. B. Buy a pair of gym shoes. C. Change his work schedule. 3.What are the speakers talking about? A. What to drink. B. Where to meet. C. When to leave. 4.What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Colleges. B. Classmates. C. Strangers. 5.Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation? A. She might want a ticket. B. She is looking for the man. C. She has an extra ticket. 第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
必修5 人教版高中英语课文原文和翻译
必修5 Unit 1 Great scientists Reading JOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” 约翰·斯洛击败“霍乱王 John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found. 约翰·斯洛是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。但他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病，人们既不知
道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。每次霍乱暴发时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓死去。约翰·斯洛想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。 He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. 斯洛对霍乱致人死地的两种推测都很感兴趣。一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖着，像一股危险的气体到处漂浮，直到找到病毒的受害者为止。第二种看法是人们在吃饭的时候把这种病毒引入体内的。病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身，患者就会很快地死去。 1 / 23 John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he
人教版高中英语电子课本(必修1)(2020年,Word版)
必修1 第一单元Reading 阅读ANNE’S BEST FRIEND Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feel ings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend. 安妮最好的朋友 你想不想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友？或者你会不会担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？安妮?弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，所以她把的日记视为自己最好的朋友。 Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II. Her family w as Jewish so the had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis. She and her family hide away for two years before they were discovered. During that t ime the only true friend was her diary. She said, “I don’t want to set down a serie s of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding p lace since July 1942. 在第二次世界大战期间，安妮住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。她一家人都是犹太人，所以他们不得不躲藏起来，否则就会被德国的纳粹分子抓去。她和她的家人躲藏了25个月之后才被发现。在那段时期，她的日记成了她唯一忠实的朋友。她说：“我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。我要把我的日记当作自己的朋友，我把我的这个朋友叫做基蒂。”现在，来看看安妮自1942年7月起躲进藏身处后的那种心情吧。 Thursday 15, June, 1944
人教版高中英语课文原文和翻译_必修2
f6f 必修2 unit1 IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM Frederick William Ⅰ，the K ing of Prussia , could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history . This gift was the Amber Room , which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it . The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey . The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days . It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels , which took the country's best artists about ten years to make . In fact , the room was not made to be a gift . It was designed for the palace of Frederick Ⅰ. However, the next King of Prussia , Frederick William Ⅰ,to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. In 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great. In return , the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. So the Amber Room because part of the Czar's winter palace in St Petersburg.About four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors . Later,Catherine Ⅱhad the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. She told her artists to add more details to it .In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted . Almost six hundred candles lit the room ,and its m irrors and pictures shone like gold. Sadly , although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world , it is now missing . In September 1941, the Nazi army was near St Petersburg . This was a time when the two countries were at war . Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace , the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room . However , some of the Nazis secretly stole the room itself . In less than two days 100,000 pieces were put inside twenty-seven woooden boxs . There is no doubt that the boxs were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea . After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery . Recently , the Russians and Germans have built a new Amber Room at the summer palace . By studying old photos of the former Amber Room , they have made the new one look like the old one .In 2003 it was ready for the people of St Petersburg when they celebrated the 300th birthday of their city . A FACT OR AN OPINION? What is a fact? Is it something that people believe? No. A fact is anything that can be proved. For example, it can be proved that China has more people than any other country in the world. This is a fact.