(完整版)英语语法八大时态复习讲义

(完整版)英语语法八大时态复习讲义
(完整版)英语语法八大时态复习讲义

英语语法八大时态复习讲义一般现在时 1.一般现在时态结构动词的第三人称单数+其他动词原形肯

定句式: 主语+/ 动词原形+其他否定句式: 主语+(助动词)don't/doesn't + 动词原形+其他一般疑问句式: Do/Does+主语+ 主语+do/does not (否)No, 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+do/does

doesn't = does not 缩写形式: don't = do not

例句:I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. He often goes swimming in summer.

一般现在时的用法2.

)表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的副词连用。1sometimes, every week (day, year, 、、never usually、seldom always常用的频度副词有:、often、

助动词系动词、。频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前,month…), once a week, on Sundays 之后。: He often goes swimming in summer.他夏天经常游泳。例如I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2)表

示现在的状态。My father is at work.He is very busy. 我父亲在工作,他很忙。例如:The boy is twelve. 这男孩十二岁。

3)表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。All my family love football .我全家人

都喜欢足球。例如:我妹妹总是乐于助人。My sister is always ready to help others . 安英语写得不错,讲的可不行。Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 表示客观真理、客观存在、自然现象。4)地球绕太阳转动。例如:The earth moves around the sun.

上海位于中国东部。Shanghai lies in the east of China.

)表示按计划或安排好的,或将要发生的动作,可用一般现在时表将来。5等。

但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place 火车明天上午六点开。

例如:The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.

He comes back tonight. 他今晚回来。

时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来在复合句中,当主句是一般将来时,6)表示将来要发生的动作。他回来时,我将告诉他这个消息。例如:

I'll tell him the news when he comes back.

If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details.

如果你接受这份工作,他们将和你谈谈细节。

一般过去时态

1.一般过去时态结构

肯定句式: 主语+动词过去式+其他

否定句式: 主语+(助动词)didn't +动词原形+其他

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其他主语+动词原形+一般疑问句式: Did+ +did not (否)No,主语)Yes,主语+did

简略回答: (肯一般过去时的用法2. 1)表示过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语yesterday,

last just now, the other day, in 1982, ago, an hour ago, long long ago, the day before yesterday,

等连用。在一般过去式中,week(year, night, month…), at the age of 5, one day, once upon a time 。几年后。过多少时间之后”,一般用after要表达“刚才你上哪儿去了?例如:Where did you go just now?

几年后,她开始弹钢琴。After a few years, she started to play the piano.

等表示频度的副词连用。2)表示在过去,经常或反复发生的动作。常与often,always When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 例如:

我是个孩子的时候,常在马路上踢足球。但这些等表现在的时间状语连用,)一般过去式也可与today,this week,this month,this year3的意思。”“此时此刻”时间状语须指过去的时间,决不包含“现在今天你看见他了吗?例如:Did you see him today?

一般将来时一般将来时的结构1.

:结构1 其他will+动词原形+肯定句式:主语+助动词其他will+动词原形+not+否定句式:主语+助动词其他动词原形++一般疑问句式:助动词Will+主语。常简缩为won'twill在名词或代词后常缩为'll,wii not简单回答:在口语中,。)时,常用助动词shall在疑问句中,主语为第一人称时(I和we 她要去打篮球。例如:She'll go to play basketball.

Shall we go to the zoo? 我们要去动物园吗?

2:结构+其他肯定句式:主语+be going to +动词原形+其他否定句式:主语+be not going to +动词原形+其他主语+going to+动词原形一般疑问句式:Be+ (否)No,主语+be not Yes,简略回答:(肯)主语+be

2.一般将来时的用法

1、表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,常与tomorrow, next day(week, month,

year…), soon, in a few minutes, by…, the day after tomorrow等连用。

例如:I'll meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning.

2、表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。

例如:I'll come and see you every Saturday next year.明年我将每个星期六来看你。

3、表示说话人对于将来的看法、假设和推测,通常用于be afraid, be/feel sure, hope, know,

think等后面的从句或与副词perhaps,possibly,maybe等连用。

例如:I think she'll go back home for supper. 我想她会回家吃饭。

Maybe she'll go to the gym.也许她会去体育馆。

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be going to表示将来这种打算常经过预先考虑并含有自己做好某些准备的、表示主语进行某一行动的打算意图。1意思,即计划、安排要发生的事。What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢?例如:The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。

2、表示说话人确信如此或有某种迹象表明某事即将发生。Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云,快要下雨了。例如:

之间的区别。、注意:3be going to 和will不指明任何will?在时间上:be going to通常表示马上要发生或相当快就要发生的事情;而具体时间,可以

指遥远的未来。他的病就要好起来了。He is going to be better.

他的病会好起来了。He will be better.

则指未经过will计划/临时:两者都表示意图时,be going to含有预先计划、准备的意思;?

预先思考或计划,是临时的一种决定。下星期天你打算干什么?going to do next Sunday? —What are you

我打算去钓鱼。going to go fishing. —I'm

the telephone book? 电话号码簿在哪儿?—Where is

you. 我去给你拿。I'll go and get it for —

则意指有迹象表明某件事将要发生,属客观的推测;willbe going to?两者都用于

预测时,/相信某件事将要发生,属主观的推测。意指说话人认为,will表意愿。?

在条件状语从句中,be going to表将来If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible. 例如:如果你将要去旅行,最好尽快做好准备。

如果你去问高老师,她会告诉你答案。Miss Gao will tell you the answer if you ask her.

be +不定式表将来,表示客观安排或受人指示而将要做某事。We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。例如:

等表示明确将来时的时不定式,意为马上做某事。不能与tomorrow, next week be about to + 间状语连用。他马上要去北京。例如:He is about to leave for Beijing.

现在进行时现在进行时的结构:1.

动词的现在分词am/is/are+ 2.现在进行时的用法:now, right now, at this moment, 正在发生或进行的动作。常与1.表示现在(指说话人说话时)等时间状语连用。at this time, these days 我们正在等你。We are waiting for you now. 例如:表示现阶段(说话前后一段时间内),一直在进行的活动。说话时动作未必正在进行。2.页6 共页3 第

只处于写作他在写另一部小说。(说话时并未在写,例如:Mr. Green is writing another novel.

的状态。)He is thinking about this problem.这些天来他一直在考虑这个问题。等词连用,往往forever 3.表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,常与

always, constantly,

观色彩。带有说话人的主你老是改变主意。例如:You are always changing your mind.

等。4.表示渐变,这样的动词有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin叶子在变红。例如:The leaves are turning red.

天越来越热了。It's getting warmer and warmer.

、表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。 5表用于现在进行时,表移动的终止性动

词(come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等)1○示即将要发生动作。明天我要走了。例如:I'm leaving tomorrow.

火车要到了。The train is arriving soon.

一些持续性动词用于进行时,表将来,表示说话者对对方将要做的事情的一种关心。2○你会在这儿呆到下周吗?例如:Are you staying here till next week?

现在完成时现在完成时的结构:1.

-ed

动词过去分词(has)+肯定句:主语+助动词have-ed 动词过去分词(has)

+not(haven't,hasn't)+ 否定句:主语+助动词have

?+动词过去分词-ed+ 一般疑问句:Have(Has)+ 主语-ed+?主语+动词过去分词特殊疑问句:疑问词+have(has)+

现在完成时的用法2.

表示说话之前已完成的动作,而且这个动作的结果对现在是情况仍有影响。常

被 1、just,already,yet 等副词修饰。Mr. Wang has just come back from America. 王先生刚从美国回来。等表示一since 、现在完成时还可用来表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在,常带有for或2 段时间的状语。Mr Wang has lived here since 1983. 如:、现在完成时瞬间动词即终止性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。3: 的对应关系如下(或状态动词) 常见终止性动词与延续性动

come / go / arrive / get / reach / move--- be in/at

die --- be dead open --- be open

become ---be close --- be closed

put on --- wear borrow --- keep

leave ----- be away (from) buy --- have

fall asleep ---- be asleep

begin / start ----- be on

catch a cold ----- have a cold end/finish ----- be over

join the army ---- be in the army, be a soldier

join the Party---- be in the Party , be a Party member

例:吉姆买这支已有两年了。

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Jim bought this pen two years ago.

Jim has had this pen for two years.

Jim has had this pen since two years ago.

Jim has had this pen since 2007

It is two years since Jim bought this pen.

4.在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语中,谓语动词用现在完成

时。

in the past few years/months/weeks/days;over the past few years; during the last three months;

for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history 等

5.表示“第几次做某事,”或在“It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词+that”后面跟现在完成时。

例:This is my first time that I have visited China.

This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.

That is the only book that he has written.

6. have / has been to + 地点意为“曾去过某地”,暗含目前已不在该

地,仅表示当事人的一种经历而已。

have / has gone to + 地点“到了某地去了”,暗含“已离开原地去了某地”之意,但是否到达了某地尚不确定。

如:He has gone to Shanghai. 他去了上海。He has been to Shanghai. 他去过了上海。

过去完成时

1.过去完成时的结构:

助动词had+动词过去分词

2.过去完成时的用法:

1、表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已完成的行为或存在的状态。即发生的时间

是过去的过去。常与“by/before+过去时间”构成的短语连用。

例如:The train had already left before we arrived. 在我到达之前,火车已经开走了。

He said that he had learned some English before. 他说过他以前学过一些英语。

2、表示在过去某一时间点之前已经持续了一段时间的动作或状态,常与

for/since引导的表示过去的时间状语连用。

例如:I had lived in America for two years before I came here .

我来这儿之前在美国住过两年。

3、表示过去未曾实现的计划、愿望等。这种用法中常用的动词为hope, want,plan,wish, expect,

think, intend, mean, suppose等。

例如:We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.

那时我们希望你能来,但是你没有来。

I had thought that all knew about it.我以为他们都知道这件事呢。

过去进行时

1.过去进行时的结构:

was/were+动词的现在分词(--ing)

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过去进行时的用法:2.

1、表示在过去某时刻正在进行或发生的动作,通常与表过去的时间状语连用。At this moment yesterday, I was packing for camp. 例如:昨天这个时候,我正在

收拾东西去露营。等词的过去进行时,可以表2、表移动的动词,如come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return示过去将要发生的动作。例如:She told me that she was going to Hainan for her holiday. 她告诉我她将去海南度假。另一个动作正、在含有时间状语从句的复合句中,表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生之后,3 在进行。例如:It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开

车站时,正下着雨。我到达山顶时,阳光灿烂。When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.

特别时是一般过去时连用。在叙述或描写过去的事情时,过去进行时经常与其它过去时态,4、但是过去进行时往往是表示背景。One night, he was typing in his study . Suddenly , a man broke into his house and cut off the 例如:

electricity …. ……一天晚上,他正在书房里打字。突然,一个人闯进屋来,切断了电源

过去将来时态过去将来时的结构1.动词原形a)would/should+

初中英语语法八大时态总结

初中英语语法八大时态 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他 否定句式: 主语+(助动词)don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not 缩写形式: don't = do not doesn't = does not 例句:He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2.用法 1)表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态,常与表示频度的副词连用。 常用的频度副词有:always、often、usually、seldom、never、sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays.频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前,系动词、助动词之后。 例如: He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2)表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。 例如:All my family love football . My sister is always ready to help others . Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 3)表示客观真理、客观存在、自然现象。 例如:The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 4)表示按计划或安排好的,或将要发生的动作,可用一般现在时表将来。 但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。 例如:The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. He comes back tonight. 5)在复合句中,当主句是一般将来时,时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。 例如:I'll tell him the news when he comes back. If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词过去式+其他 否定句式: 主语+(助动词)didn’t +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Did+主语+动词原形+其他

(完整版)初中英语语法八大时态总结,推荐文档

初中英语语法八大时态 一.一般现在时 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他 否定句式: 主语+(助动词)don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not 缩写形式: don't = do not doesn't = does not 例句:He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2.用法 1)表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态,常与表示频度的副词连用。 常用的频度副词有:always、often、usually、seldom、never、sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays.频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前,系动词、助动词之后。 例如: He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2)表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。 例如:All my family love football . My sister is always ready to help others . Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 3)表示客观真理、客观存在、自然现象。 例如:The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 4)表示按计划或安排好的,或将要发生的动作,可用一般现在时表将来。 但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。 例如:The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. He comes back tonight. 5)在复合句中,当主句是一般将来时,时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将 来要发生的动作。 例如:I'll tell him the news when he comes back. If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 二.一般过去时态 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词过去式+其他 否定句式: 主语+(助动词)didn’t +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Did+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+did (否)No,主语+did not 基本结构否定句一般疑问句

高中英语语法(时态和语态)

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The sun rises in the east. 二.一般过去时 表示过去某时发生的动作或者状态,常和表示过去某个时间“点”的时间状语(yesterday, last week, 3 years ago, in 1987)连用 She bought a car last week. He came to help me at that time. 三.一般将来时 表示将来的时间“点”上发生的动作或者状态。 The train will arrive soon. We shall know the news tomorrow. 四.过去将来时 过去某个时间“点”上将要发生的动作或状态。 I asked her where she would spend her holiday. I told my father that I should go home next Monday. 五.现在进行时 表示现在的时间“段”上正在延续进行的动作或者状态。 I’m doing some washing. What are you doing? 六.过去进行时 在过去某一个时间“段”正在延续进行的动作。 I was working in my office at eight o’clock yesterday evening. He was making a phone call when I saw him. 七.将来进行时 在将来某个时间“段”正在发生的动作,一般表示一种猜测和未来的计划,一般不太常用。What will you be doing at 3 o’clock tomorrow afternoon? (明天下午三点你将在做什么哪) 八.现在完成时 表示动作在一个时间“段”的完成,而且这个时间段是从过去某一点延续到现在的。经常跟时间状语since 1987,for 10 hours , by the last year相连。 My brother has been ill for 3 days. I have not seen her since 1991. 九.过去完成时 在过去的某个时间“段”里动作的完成,从过去的一点再到过去的另一点。或者称为过去的过去。 He said that he had written her a letter. Helen rang me up after I had gone to sleep.

初中英语语法动词时态

初中英语语法总结 ( 动词的时态) 11.1 一般现在时的用法 1)经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语:every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如: I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2)客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。例如: The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 3)表示格言或警句。例如: Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例:Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。 4)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如: I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错,讲的可不行。 比较:Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。 I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。 第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。11.2 一般过去时的用法 1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如:时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如: Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了? 2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。例如: When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是个孩子的时候,常在马路上踢足球。 Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.

英语语法16种时态总结

种时态总结 1 英语语法16时态是英语中一个重要的语法范畴,它表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态以及动作发生或存在的方式。动作发生的时间可分为现在、过去、将来和过去将来四种形式,动作发生的方式可分为一般、完成、进行和完成进行四种形式。将这时间形式和动作方式结合起来,就构成了以下16种时态形式(以do 为例): 例:He is a student.他是一个学生。 ② 表示经常性、习惯性动作。 例:He always helps others.他总是帮助别人。③ 客观事实和普遍真理。

例:The earth moves the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 ④表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。(常用于列车、客车、飞机或轮船时刻表) 例:The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon. 下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。 ⑤主将从现:在时间、条件和让步状语从句中经常用一般现在表示将的来事情。 例:If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 如果明天下雨,我们会待在家里。 2

④现在进行时与频度副词连用,表示说话者或褒义或贬义的感情色彩。 例: He is always helping others. 他总是帮助别人。(褒义) 3

④过去进行时和频度副词连用可以表示说话者或褒义或贬义的感情色彩。 例:When he lived in country,he was always helping the poor. 住在乡下时,他总是帮助穷人。 4. 一般将来时 ①基本结构是will do。 例:We will send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift. 4

初中英语语法知识—动词时态的难题汇编及解析

一、选择题 1.— Could you please tell me yesterday? — In the bookshop nearby. A.Where you bought the book B.Where you buy the book C.Where did you buy the book D.Where do you buy the book 2.—Rose, can you give me a hand? —Just a minute. I ______ the followers. A.am watering B.have watered C.watered D.water 3.We’re not sure _______ there’ll be _______ or not tomorrow. A.if; rains B.if; rainy C.whether; raining D.whether; rain 4.Miss Brown, we ______ cleaning our classroom. Can we go home now? A.finish B.finishing C.are finished D.have finished 5.—Mom, can you teach me how to pronounce the words? —Wait a minute. I ________. A.am cooking B.cook C.cooked D.will cook 6.Dick __________ in America, but he has been ___________ Chinese food since he moved to China. A.used to live; used to eating B.is used to live; used to eat C.is used to live; used to eating D.used to living; used to eat 7.My mother _____ dinner when I got home yesterday. A.has cooked B.was cooking C.will cook D.cooks 8.Which of the following is right? A.He is used to live there. B.My main job is spreading the message about protecting the environment. C.I have borrowed the book from the library for two weeks. D.Kids under 18 are not allowed to drive. 9.— Morning, Mike! Did you sleep well last night? — Yes. I went to bed at 9:30 because there ______ a math test this afternoon. A.was B.will be C.is going to have 10.Doctor Ray, as well as other scientists __________ trees for nearly 15 years, but they know only a little about them. A.study B.studies C.has studied D.have studied 11.My mother when I got home yesterday.

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