某小型水电站电气主接线设计毕业论文设计

某小型水电站电气主接线设计

摘要

随着现代社会经济的发展和水利科学技术的进步，人类对于水能资源开发利用的程度越来越高，调节水资源、利用水能、开发水利的强度越来越大。在我国，河流众多，径流丰沛、落差巨大，蕴藏着非常丰富的水能资源。据统计，中国河流水能资源蕴藏量6.76亿KW，年发电量59200亿KWh;可能开发水能资源的装机容量3.78亿KW，年发电量19200亿KWh。我国水能蕴藏量居世界第一，可能开发量居世界首位，单一国土面积平均，每平方公里的可能开发容量，我国仅居世界第11位。而以人口平均，我国的位次更低，人均资源量只占世界平均值的70%左右。对于这种现状，能最大效率地开发和利用水能就显得至关重要。

小水电是指容量为12～0.5MW的小水电站，运行寿命长，坚固耐用，价格稳定，小水电在全国分布也很广泛（在全国2166个县、市中有1573个县有可开发小水电资源），并且可以提高水能综合利用率。对于用电规模较小的边远地区和中大型水电站的二级工程来说，所有这些优点是小水电站成为最具有吸引力的发展对象。

对于边远地区，长距离供电容易造成电能损耗高或者为了降低损耗而额外的经济投资大，因此对于西南边远地区可以充分地利用当地丰富的水资源建造小型水电站。这种类型的水电站一般比较边了适应电网的智能化建设，对于监控、信号采集、遥调、遥控等二远，为了减少故障发生的概率，故对电机、断路器、架空线（电缆）、变压器及二次设备的质量要求较高；同时，二次设备设计要功能全面。由于发电机容量不大，可有两台发电机与一台变压器组成扩大单元接线，减少了变压器及其高压侧断路器的台数，相应的配电装置间隔也减少，节约投资于占地。本毕业设计有两套方案，采用了很符合本设计低故障的第一套方案。

【关键字】水能资源；小水电；智能化建设；方案

大学论文

Abstract

With modern social economy development and water conservancy development of science and technology, human for water resources development and utilization degree more and more high, adjust water resources, using the intensity of hydropower, development more and more water In China, with its many rivers, runoff drenched, divide huge, containing the very rich water resources. According to statistics, China's rivers 6.76 billion KW hydropower resources reserves 59200 billion KWh, annual generation; May develop the hydropower resources 3.78 billion KW, installed capacity 19200 billion KWh annual generation capacity. Our country is ranked first in water, may back hurriedly the highest in the world, a single land area per square kilometers, on average, China may develop capacity only the 11th in the world. And the average by population, China, the per capita resource fit lower accounts for only about 70% of the world average. For this kind of situation, can maximum efficiency to develop and make use of the water are very important·The small hydropower capacity of 12 ~ refers to the small hydropower station of 0.5 MW, running long life, durable, price stability, small hydropower in national distribution in the country is also widely (round counties, cities in May have developed counties 1573 small hydropower resources), and can improve water comprehensive utilization. For electricity smaller remote areas and medium-large hydropower station for the secondary engineering, all of these advantages is the small hydropower become the most attractive development object.

For remote areas, power loss caused by long distance power supply easy high or to reduce loss and additional economy big investment, so for southwest outlying areas can make full use of the local rich water resources to build small hydropower station. This type of hydropower station is compared commonly edge of intelligent building adapted to grid for monitoring, signal acquisition and remote-sensing attune, remote control, etc, in order to reduce the two far fault the probability of occurrence in the motor, circuit breakers, bus (cable), transformer and secondary equipment quality requirement is higher; Meanwhile, second equipment design should fully functional. Generator capacity is not big, but because there are two generators and composed a transformer, reducing the expanded unit wiring and high voltage side of transformer, the corresponding number circuit breaker switchgears intervals, saving investment in covering reduction. The two sets of graduation design scheme, using a very accord with the design of the first scheme.

【Key words】water resources, small hydropower capacity, intelligent building, scheme.