....如何看待美国文化对中国文化的影响和冲击
美国文化产业政策及其对中国文化建设的启示
美国文化产业政策及其对中国文化建设的启示一、本文概述1、介绍美国文化产业的发展历程和现状美国文化产业的发展历程可以说是伴随着其国家实力的崛起而逐步形成的。
早在20世纪初，美国就已经开始利用其强大的经济基础和科技实力，积极推动文化产业的发展。
经过一个多世纪的积累和创新，美国文化产业已经成为全球最具影响力和竞争力的产业之一。
在影视娱乐领域，美国电影、电视剧、音乐等文化产品在全球范围内享有极高的知名度和美誉度。
好莱坞电影工业已经成为全球电影产业的标杆，每年生产的影片不仅在美国本土取得巨大的票房成绩，也在海外市场获得广泛认可。
美国的流行音乐、流行文化等也在全球范围内具有强大的影响力，吸引了大量的粉丝和消费者。
在出版传媒领域，美国的图书、杂志、报纸等出版物在全球范围内拥有广泛的读者群体。
美国的出版业以其高质量的内容、先进的印刷技术和广泛的发行渠道，赢得了全球读者的信任和喜爱。
同时，美国的数字媒体和互联网技术也推动了出版业的数字化转型和创新发展。
在文化创意和设计领域，美国的设计师和创意人才以其独特的创意和精湛的技能，为全球文化产业提供了源源不断的创意源泉。
美国的时尚、建筑、室内设计等领域在全球范围内都具有广泛的影响力。
美国文化产业已经形成了完整的产业链和生态圈，涵盖了影视娱乐、出版传媒、文化创意等多个领域。
其成功的背后，既有政府的支持和引导，也有企业的创新和努力。
这些经验和做法对于我国文化产业的发展具有重要的启示和借鉴意义。
2、阐述文化产业政策在美国经济和文化发展中的作用在美国，文化产业政策被视为促进国家经济和文化双重发展的重要手段。
这一政策不仅直接推动了文化产业的快速增长，而且通过创新、出口、就业和知识产权等多个方面，为整个国家的经济发展注入了强大的活力。
经济层面：文化产业政策在美国经济中扮演了关键角色。
通过税收优惠、资金支持和市场准入等政策措施，美国政府鼓励了文化产业的创新与发展。
这不仅催生了一系列文化产品和文化服务，如电影、音乐、书籍、软件等，而且推动了相关产业链的完善和升级。
美国文化对中国文化的冲击和影响 ppt课件
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概述 饮食方面 节日方面 影视方面 文化价值观念
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概述 饮食方面 节日方面 影视方面 文化价值观念
概述
概述
改革开放以来我国发生了翻天覆地 的变化，包括政治、经济、文化等 各个方面。
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改革开放前，我国处于一 个相对封闭的环境，人民 生活水平低下，经济、农 业、工业、教育、交通…… 都比较落后。
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饮食方面
肯德基、麦当劳等快餐 食品在我国遍地开花， 适应当今快节奏的生活， 吸引了大量的顾客，改 变了中国人细嚼慢咽的 饮食习惯。
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ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
节日方面
近年来，西方的情人节、 圣诞节等节日在我国隆重 程度已快赶上春节了，尤 其是情人节在我国大中城 市和在校大学生中日渐流 行，而我国传统的七夕节 反而过的人少一点。
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改革开放后，中国从一个相对封闭的环境中走出来， 而且这种开放的步子越来越快，如今的中国焕然一新。
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概述
随着全球化的发展和我国对外开放 的深化，世界各国的文化交流日益频繁 和密切，西方文化更是以不可阻挡之势 大规模进入我国境内，对人们的生活产 生了重大影响。
美国文化产业政策及其对中国文化建设的启示
美国文化产业政策及其对中国文化建设的启示美国文化产业政策及其对中国文化建设的启示近年来，随着全球化的不断深入发展，文化产业已经成为众多国家经济增长的重要动力。
作为世界上最大的经济体之一，美国一直以来都在注重文化产业的发展，并通过一系列政策措施来支持和推动文化产业的进一步壮大。
这些政策对中国文化建设具有一定的借鉴意义和启示。
本文将从美国文化产业政策的特点、对中国文化产业的启示等方面进行探讨。
首先，美国文化产业政策的特点是多元化和开放性。
美国将文化产业定义为包括广播、电影、音乐、出版、艺术、电视、娱乐、新媒体等各个方面，同时鼓励创意产业的发展。
美国政府通过一系列政策和法律措施，保护知识产权，鼓励创新和创作，同时积极推动文化产业的对外合作和交流。
这样的多元化和开放性政策为美国文化产业的繁荣提供了有利的环境。
对中国文化建设来说，可以借鉴的是多元化发展的理念。
中国作为一个历史悠久的文化大国，拥有丰富多样的文化资源。
应当充分发掘和保护这些资源，并通过政府支持创新和创作，推动文化产业向多元化的方向发展。
只有让更多的人参与到文化产业的创造和传播中，才能更好地满足人们对文化产品的需求。
其次，美国政府注重文化产业的国际合作和交流。
美国鼓励本国文化产业企业与外国企业合作，促进文化产业的国际竞争力。
同时，美国政府也通过多边和双边合作协议，推动文化产品的国际交流和传播。
这种积极的国际合作有助于美国文化产业的全球化发展。
对中国文化建设来说，可以借鉴的是积极推动文化产业的对外合作。
中国文化产业拥有巨大的潜力和竞争力，通过与其他国家的企业进行合作和交流，可以拓宽市场空间，提升产品品质，增加文化产业的国际竞争力。
此外，多边和双边合作协议也是加强与其他国家文化交流的重要方式，通过签署合作协议，能够更好地传播中国文化，提升国家形象。
再次，美国政府关注文化产业企业的创新和竞争力。
美国政府为文化产业企业提供了丰富的创新支持政策，包括贷款、补助、税收减免等多种方式。
美国文化产业政策及其对中国文化建设的启示
美国文化产业政策及其对中国文化建设的启示一、引言随着全球化的发展，文化产业在各国经济中的重要性逐渐凸显。
美国作为全球最大的文化产业国家之一，其成功经验和政策对中国文化建设具有一定的借鉴意义。
本文将探讨美国文化产业政策，并从中提取对中国文化建设的启示。
二、美国文化产业政策的特点1. 强调创意和创新美国文化产业政策强调创意与创新，鼓励艺术家和文化创作者的自由创作。
美国政府通过制定相关法律和政策，保护知识产权，鼓励创新，并积极支持艺术和文化教育的发展。
2. 产业链完整与定制化美国的文化产业涵盖影视、音乐、出版、设计、游戏等多个领域，并形成了完整的产业链。
政府依托产业链的优势，制定相应的政策，促进各个环节的发展。
此外，美国政府还注重文化产业的定制化发展，根据各个领域的特点和需求，量身打造相应的政策和措施。
3. 基础设施建设与国际交流美国注重文化基础设施建设，如博物馆、艺术中心和表演场所等。
这些设施的建设不仅为文化艺术的传承和发展提供了场所，也为文化产业的繁荣创造了良好的环境。
此外，美国政府积极推动文化交流，通过展览、节日等形式，加强国际间的文化交流与合作。
三、对中国文化建设的启示1. 重视创意和创新力培养在文化建设中，中国应注重培养创意和创新力。
鼓励艺术家和创作者的自由创作，同时加强知识产权的保护。
政府可以制定相关法律和政策，为创意产业的繁荣创造良好环境。
2. 发展完整的文化产业链中国文化产业应发展完整的产业链，涵盖影视、音乐、出版、设计、游戏等多个领域，并促进各环节的协同发展。
政府可以依托产业链的优势，制定相应的政策和措施，促进产业的发展和创新。
3. 加强文化基础设施建设与国际交流中国政府应加大对文化基础设施的建设力度，为文化艺术的传承和发展提供场所。
同时，通过加强国际间的文化交流与合作，提高国际影响力，推动中国文化产业的跨国发展。
四、结论美国文化产业政策的经验对中国文化建设具有重要的启示作用。
中国应加强对创意和创新力的培养，发展完整的文化产业链，并加大文化基础设施建设和国际交流的力度。
美国文化对中国文化的影响英文作文
美国文化对中国文化的影响英文作文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Influence of American Culture on Chinese CultureHi everyone! Today, I want to talk about how American culture has influenced Chinese culture. As we all know, China and America are two different countries with their own unique traditions and customs. But over the years, American culture has made its way into China and has had a big impact on our lives.One way that American culture has influenced Chinese culture is through movies and TV shows. We all love watching movies and TV shows, right? Well, many of the movies and TV shows we watch in China are actually from America. They are so popular and have become a part of our daily lives. For example, we enjoy watching Hollywood blockbusters like "Avengers" and "Jurassic Park." These movies have not only entertained us but also introduced us to American values like teamwork, bravery, and friendship.Another way American culture has influenced us is through food. American fast food restaurants like McDonald's and KFCare everywhere in China. We love eating hamburgers, French fries, and fried chicken! These foods have become so popular that they are now a part of our culture. But we also have our own traditional Chinese food, like dumplings and noodles, which are still very important to us.Music is another area where American culture has left its mark. American pop music has become incredibly popular in China. We listen to American songs and sing along to the lyrics even if we don't understand all the words. Artists like Taylor Swift and Justin Bieber have a huge fan base here. Their music has influenced our own Chinese music industry, and we now have more Western-style pop songs.American sports have also become popular in China. Basketball, for example, is now one of the most popular sports in our country. We watch NBA games and cheer for our favorite teams and players. We even have our own Chinese Basketball Association league. American sports have not only brought us joy but have also taught us about teamwork, discipline, and sportsmanship.American technology has also had a big impact on our lives. We use smartphones and computers every day, and many of these devices are made by American companies like Apple andMicrosoft. The internet has connected us with the world, and we can learn about different cultures and share our own with others. This exchange of ideas and information has made our world more connected than ever before.In conclusion, American culture has had a significant influence on Chinese culture. From movies and TV shows to food, music, sports, and technology, we can see the impact all around us. It's important to remember that while we embrace elements of American culture, we should also cherish and preserve our own Chinese traditions. Let's enjoy the best of both worlds!I hope you enjoyed reading my essay about the influence of American culture on Chinese culture. Remember, it's great to learn about different cultures and embrace new ideas, but it's also important to be proud of our own heritage.篇2The Impact of American Culture on Chinese CultureHello everyone! Today, I want to talk about how American culture has influenced Chinese culture. It's really interesting to see how different cultures can learn from each other and become even more awesome!First of all, let's talk about food. Yummy! American fast food, like hamburgers and french fries, has become really popular in China. Many people in China enjoy eating at American fast food restaurants. This has influenced Chinese cuisine as well. Now, you can find Chinese-style hamburgers and french fries in some local restaurants. It's like a cool fusion of both cultures!Next, let's talk about movies and music. American movies are super popular all around the world, including in China. We love watching exciting Hollywood movies with amazing special effects. American music, like pop and hip-hop, is also loved by many Chinese people. We even have Chinese singers who sing in English, just like American singers. It's so cool to see how American movies and music have influenced our entertainment industry.Another way American culture has influenced China is through fashion. American style clothing, like jeans and T-shirts, has become really trendy in China. Many young people like to wear American brand clothes and follow American fashion trends. It's fun to see how fashion can connect people from different cultures.Moreover, American holidays have also made their way into Chinese culture. Take Halloween, for example. It used to be aforeign holiday, but now many Chinese people celebrate it too. We dress up in costumes, go trick-or-treating, and have lots of fun. Christmas is another holiday that has become popular in China. People decorate Christmas trees, exchange gifts, and enjoy a festive atmosphere. It's great to have more reasons to celebrate and have fun together!Last but not least, let's talk about technology. American technology companies, like Apple and Microsoft, have had a huge impact in China. Many Chinese people use iPhones, iPads, and Windows computers. We can communicate with people from all over the world through social media and video calls. American technology has made our lives more connected and convenient.In conclusion, American culture has had a big influence on Chinese culture. From food to movies, fashion to holidays, and technology, we can see American elements blending with our traditional Chinese culture. It's like mixing two awesome things together to create something even more awesome! We can learn so much from each other and appreciate the beauty of different cultures. Isn't that amazing?I hope you enjoyed learning about the impact of American culture on Chinese culture. Let's continue to embrace diversityand celebrate the wonderful cultural exchanges between countries. Thank you!篇3The Influence of American Culture on Chinese CultureHi everyone! Today, I want to talk about how American culture has influenced Chinese culture. It's fascinating to see how different cultures can come together and learn from each other. Let's explore some of the ways that American culture has made an impact on our own Chinese culture!Firstly, one big influence is the popularity of American movies and TV shows in China. Many of us love to watch American movies like "Avengers" and TV shows like "Friends." These shows have not only entertained us but have also introduced us to American customs, traditions, and ways of life. We even learn some English words and phrases while watching them!Secondly, American fast food has become very popular in China. Who doesn't love a good hamburger or a delicious slice of pizza? American fast food chains like McDonald's and KFC can be found in almost every city in China. They have not only broughtyummy food but have also introduced a new dining experience to us. It has become a part of our daily lives!Moreover, American holidays like Halloween and Christmas have also made their way into Chinese culture. Halloween has become a fun celebration where children dress up in costumes and go trick-or-treating. Christmas has also become popular, with people exchanging gifts and decorating Christmas trees. These holidays have added more joy and excitement to our own traditional festivals.In addition, American music has influenced Chinese music in many ways. We often listen to American songs and even sing along to the catchy tunes. Some Chinese musicians have also collaborated with American artists, creating a fusion of both cultures in their music. It's amazing how music can bring people from different parts of the world together!Furthermore, American sports have gained popularity in China. Basketball, for example, has become a favorite sport for many Chinese kids. We watch NBA games and cheer for our favorite American teams and players. American sports have not only brought us entertainment but have also encouraged us to be active and play sports ourselves.Lastly, the Internet and social media have played a huge role in spreading American culture to China. We can easily access American websites, watch American videos, and connect with people from different countries. This has made it easier for us to learn about American culture and share our own Chinese culture with others.In conclusion, American culture has had a significant impact on Chinese culture. Through movies, fast food, holidays, music, sports, and the power of the Internet, we have embraced and incorporated elements of American culture into our own. It's a wonderful exchange of ideas and traditions that makes our world more diverse and exciting. Let's continue to learn from each other and celebrate the beauty of different cultures!I hope you enjoyed reading my essay!篇4The Influence of American Culture on Chinese CultureHi everyone! Today, I want to talk about something really cool—how American culture has influenced Chinese culture. Isn't it amazing how cultures from different countries can learn from each other and become even more awesome? Let's dive in and explore the impact of American culture on China!Firstly, one of the most noticeable influences is in the world of entertainment. American movies and TV shows have become super popular in China. We can watch exciting Hollywood blockbusters and enjoy thrilling TV series from America. This has not only brought us amazing stories and entertainment but has also influenced our own film and television industry. Chinese movies and TV shows have started to incorporate some of the techniques and styles we see in American productions, making them even more exciting and engaging.Next, let's talk about music. American music has made its way into our lives and hearts. We can hear catchy tunes from American artists on the radio, in shopping malls, and even in our favorite restaurants. Some Chinese musicians have been inspired by American music and have created their own unique sounds by blending elements of both cultures. This fusion of styles has given birth to new and exciting genres of music that we all love to listen to and dance along with!Another area where we can see the influence of American culture is in fashion. American fashion trends have influenced the way we dress and express ourselves. We can now find American brands in our local stores, and many young people enjoy wearing clothes that are inspired by American fashion. It's likewe're all part of a global fashion family, sharing ideas and styles with each other.Moreover, American culture has also influenced our way of thinking and living. We have adopted some American values, such as individualism and creativity. We now encourage independent thinking and the pursuit of personal goals. This has helped us become more confident and open-minded in our daily lives. We have also embraced American sports like basketball and baseball, which have become hugely popular across China. These sports have not only provided us with fun and excitement but have also taught us about teamwork and sportsmanship.Lastly, let's not forget about food! American cuisine has found its way onto our plates. We can now enjoy delicious hamburgers, hot dogs, and pizza right here in China. American fast food chains have become a part of our dining experience. But don't worry, we still love our traditional Chinese dishes too!In conclusion, the influence of American culture on Chinese culture has been significant and exciting. From entertainment and music to fashion and values, we have embraced many aspects of American culture and blended them with our own. This cultural exchange has made our lives more colorful and diverse. It's a wonderful thing to see how different cultures cancome together and create something truly amazing. So let's keep learning from each other and celebrate the beauty of cultural diversity!I hope you enjoyed learning about the influence of American culture on Chinese culture. Remember, embracing different cultures and ideas can make our world a better place.篇5The Influence of American Culture on Chinese CultureHi everyone! Today, I want to talk about something really interesting – the influence of American culture on Chinese culture. As you may know, culture is all about the way people live, their traditions, and the things they believe in. Let's explore how American culture has touched our lives in China!One of the most noticeable influences is the popularity of fast food. American fast food chains, such as McDonald's and KFC, have become really popular in China. Many Chinese people enjoy eating hamburgers, fries, and fried chicken, just like Americans do. It's a tasty way to experience a different culture!Another way American culture has influenced us is through movies and TV shows. American movies like "Avengers" and TVshows like "Friends" have become really popular in China. We love watching these shows and learning about American lifestyles and traditions. Sometimes we even try to imitate the characters and their cool way of talking!American music has also made its way into our lives. We listen to American pop songs and sing along to the catchy tunes. Artists like Taylor Swift and Justin Bieber are loved by many Chinese kids. Their music brings joy and fun to our lives, and we get to learn English while singing along!Sports is another area where American culture has made a big impact. Basketball, which was popularized by American athletes like Michael Jordan, has become one of the most loved sports in China. Many kids dream of becoming the next basketball superstar because of their influence. American football and baseball have also gained popularity, and we even have our own Chinese Super League for football!American holidays have also found a place in our hearts. Halloween, for example, has become really popular in China. We dress up in costumes, go trick-or-treating, and have a lot of fun. Christmas is also celebrated by many Chinese people, even though it is not a traditional Chinese holiday. We exchange gifts and decorate Christmas trees, just like they do in America.Language is another way American culture has influenced us. English has become an important language to learn, and many Chinese students study it in school. We watch American movies and TV shows to improve our English skills. Knowing English not only helps us communicate with people from different cultures, but it also opens up many opportunities for us in the future.In conclusion, American culture has had a significant impact on Chinese culture. From fast food to movies, music, sports, holidays, and language, we can see the influence everywhere. It's exciting to learn about different cultures and embrace the things we love from around the world. So, let's enjoy the best of both Chinese and American cultures!I hope you enjoyed reading about the influence of American culture on Chinese culture! Remember, it's great to appreciate different cultures and learn from each other.篇6The Influence of American Culture on Chinese CultureHi everyone! Today I want to talk about how American culture has influenced Chinese culture. It's really interesting to see how different cultures can learn from each other and make things even more exciting!First of all, let's talk about food. American fast food has become really popular in China. Who doesn't love a good burger or a delicious slice of pizza? McDonald's and KFC are everywhere in China now, and Chinese people enjoy their tasty meals. American food has brought a new flavor to China and has become a part of our daily lives.Next, let's talk about movies and music. Hollywood movies are so cool and exciting! Chinese people love watching American movies like "Avengers" and "Frozen." We learn about different cultures and get inspired by the stories. American music is also very popular in China. We listen to songs by Taylor Swift, Justin Bieber, and many other American artists. It's fun to sing along and dance to their catchy tunes!American fashion has also influenced Chinese fashion. We see American style clothing in many stores in China. T-shirts with American flags or famous American brands are really popular. We like to wear clothes that make us feel stylish and trendy, and American fashion has definitely made an impact.Another important influence is language. English is widely taught in schools in China, and many children can speak English. We learn English to communicate with people from differentcountries, including America. It's really cool to be able to speak another language and understand different cultures better.Sports is another area where American culture has had an impact. Basketball, baseball, and American football are becoming more popular in China. We watch NBA games and cheer for our favorite teams and players. Some Chinese athletes even go to America to play these sports professionally. It's great to see how sports can bring people from different cultures together.Lastly, technology has been greatly influenced by American culture. American companies like Apple and Microsoft have created amazing gadgets and software that we use every day. We play games on our iPhones, use computers for schoolwork, and connect with friends through social media. American technology has made our lives easier and more fun!In conclusion, American culture has had a big influence on Chinese culture. From food to movies, fashion to language, and sports to technology, we can see the impact everywhere. It's wonderful to learn from different cultures and make our own culture even more diverse and exciting. Let's continue embracing the positive aspects of American culture while cherishing our own traditions and values.。
形势政策作业
一、如何看待美国文化对中国文化的影响和冲击？（快餐、影视、服装、价值观、婚恋观）经济全球化浪潮正在势不可挡地席卷整个世界，各国综合实力之间的竞争日趋激烈。
传统的有经济发展、军事装备、科技进步、领土和地域扩张等所构成的硬实力竞争愈演愈烈，而文化感染力、价值感召力、道德影响力、政治制度、意识形态、外交说服力等所构成的软实力竞争风起云涌，方兴未艾，两者相互依存、相互促进、相互影响、相互激荡，使国际社会综合国力间的竞争呈现出前所未有的格局。
国际文化交流既是促进世界各国相互联系、共同发展的重要途径，也是各国实现本国外交策略的重要工具。
美国政府充分利用国际文化交流的这种功能，进行文化扩张和渗透。
美国文化随着经济全球化形成了一股强大的美国式力量，向世界各国辐射，对地球上几乎所有国家进行着价值观念与生活方式的单方面输出，并施加影响。
21世纪的突出标志之一就是文化的多元性，而这些多元文化中对人们生活冲击最大的就是外来文化，它以不可阻挡的态势影响着各民族的本土文化和所有的人。
改革开放使得中国从一个相对封闭的环境中走出来，而且这种开放的步子越来越快，各种文化思潮也随之而来，由此带来了文化和价值取向的多元化。
在世界多级化、经济全球化和实行社会主义市场经济的背景下，面对各种文化互相交织、相互激荡的局面，作为新时期的大学生我们应该怎么去看待美国文化的冲击和影响呢。
综上，面对外来文化对传统文化的冲击，我们不应盲目排外，更不能盲目屈从，应以在保护传统文化的同时包容外来文化，更要注重于传统文化之上合理创新。
作为当代的大学生，面对外来文化的种种影响，我们除了学习正确的去看待，更重要的，我们应当树立起强烈的责任感，形成忧患意识，清楚的看到我们与发达国家之间的差距，清楚的认识到竞争的残酷和激烈。
我们的表现，可谓关系着民族的前途和国家的未来。
外来文化传入，既是机遇，又是挑战。
相信，经历过外来文化洗礼的民族文化会焕发出新的生机，国家和社会的发展会迈进一个新的腾飞的阶段。
美国文化霸权对中国文化建设的警示
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的统 治 地 位 。许 多 第三 世 界 国 家 的 电视 节 目有 ６ ％一 ０ ０ ８％
来 自美 国 。 而 在 美 国 自 己 的 电 视 播 映 中 ， 国 节 目 占出 口产 品 不 是 农 业 和 工 ． ２
业 产 品 ， 是 电 影 、 视 节 目 、 脑 软 件 和 书 籍 等 。美 国 的 而 电 电 时 尚 、 食 甚 至 穿 着 习 惯 ， 越 来 越 在 全 世 界 被 模 仿 ， 而 饮 也 然 更 重 要 的 是 通 过 这 些 流 行 世 界 的 文 化 产 品 ， 国 从 全 球 范 美 围内获 得 了巨额 利润 。 自上 世 纪 ９ 年 代 以 来 ， 着 国 际 形 势 的 变 化 ， 莱 坞 ０ 随 好 逐 步 开 拓 了 东 欧 和 中 国 市 场 ， 莱 坞 电影 已 成 为 无 可 争 议 的 好
西方文化霸权对中国文化走出去的影响
西方文化霸权对中国文化走出去的影响发布时间：2022-07-01T05:43:36.702Z 来源：《教学与研究》2022年第5期作者：张向阳[导读] 鉴于目前中国文化在国外传播不够理想，在文化参与社会关系建构的当今张向阳长沙理工大学外国语学院 410114 摘要：鉴于目前中国文化在国外传播不够理想，在文化参与社会关系建构的当今，我们有必要透过现状探究其深层社会原因，为中国文化文学进一步走向世界寻找对策提供方向。
本文着重讨论了当今中国文化走出去所面临的第一大困境，即是西方文化霸权对中国文化走出去的压制与颠覆。
并指出由于“强权政治文化策略”在西方国家内政外交中扮演的角色、源于社会历史因素等的中西观念差异桎梏了中国文化迈向世界的步伐。
突破这一阻碍，优秀的中国文化的充分性在全球语境中不断得以释放、提升和彰显，以推动构建人类命运共同体。
关键词：中国文化；困境；意识形态全球化的今天，不与时俱进，推出自我，就会被世界淘汰，更别说在全球舞台上发挥自己的效用。
但在以美国为首的西方国家主宰世界话语权的当今，再加上源于中西文化历史渊源和语言差异的西方大众偏好，以及作为中国走向世界的“本元”— 即民族精神主体性和全球普适性相结合的自身文化身份构建问题等，中国文学走向世界绝不是一蹴而就的事情。
我们不妨先站在他者的角度来审视他者眼中的他者和自我，以给我们今后的行动提供航向和实践指导。
正如马克思和恩格斯在《共产党宣言》所指出的“至今一切社会的历史都是各阶级斗争的历史。
”[12] 文学翻译，作为社会实践的一部分亦是如此，一部斗争史，霸权与反霸权、压制与反压制、中心与边缘的斗争。
艺术虽有自身的自主性，艺术的政治性和社会性也是通过自主性表达的，但它的现实性是通过政治、意识形态这样一个社会功能呈现出来的，所以艺术从根本上是政治的。
比如国际当代艺术的发展和确立，美国艺术霸权主义的形成，除了内在的西方艺术文化逻辑外，更是美国动用政治经济文化手段干预艺术的成果。
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如何看待美国文化对中国文化的影响和冲击
经济全球化浪潮正在势不可挡地席卷整个世界，各国综合实力之间的竞争日趋激烈。
传统的有经济发展、军事装备、科技进步、领土和地域扩张等所构成的硬实力竞争愈演愈烈，而文化感染力、价值感召力、道德影响力、政治制度、意识形态、外交说服力等所构成的软实力竞争风起云涌，方兴未艾，两者相互依存、相互促进、相互影响、相互激荡，使国际社会综合国力间的竞争呈现出前所未有的格局。
国际文化交流既是促进世界各国相互联系、共同发展的重要途径，也是各国实现本国外交策略的重要工具。
美国政府充分利用国际文化交流的这种功能，进行文化扩张和渗透。
美国文化随着经济全球化形成了一股强大的美国式力量，向世界各国辐射，对地球上几乎所有国家进行着价值观念与生活方式的单方面输出，并施加影响。
21世纪的突出标志之一就是文化的多元性，而这些多元文化中对人们生活冲击最大的就是外来文化，它以不可阻挡的态势影响着各民族的本土文化和所有的人。
改革开放使得中国从一个相对封闭的环境中走出来，而且这种开放的步子越来越快，各种文化思潮也随之而来，由此带来了文化和价值取向的多元化。
在世界多级化、经济全球化和实行社会主义市场经济的背景下，面对各种文化互相交织、相互激荡的局面，作为新时期的大学生我们应该怎么去看待美国文化的冲击和影响呢。
美国文化，现在已经影响了我们生活的各个方面，饮食、影视、服饰、价值观和婚姻等。
例如街头，随处可见身穿欧美、日韩嘻哈风格服饰，耳朵上戴着超大式的耳塞，边走边哼；或顶着爆炸头，戴满金属饰品的年青人；肯德基、麦当劳、尊宝批萨等食品吸引了大量的顾客；音像店里，摇滚、嘻哈等流行音乐被放在最显眼的架子上，我们的传统民族音乐被遗忘在了不起眼的地方；电影院里好莱坞大片风头最劲，其惊险的镜头和特技吸引了不少人的眼球，票房一路飙升；如今的节日更是多得数不胜数，情人节、愚人节、圣诞节的隆重程度已经赶上了春节。
尤其是媒体（电影、电视节目、图书、音像制品和网络服务等）冲击着中国文化市场（特别是在中国加入世界贸易组织后，这些文化冲击变得更加明显、
更加强烈、更加趋于白热化），中国青少年的价值观念就会潜移默化地美国化。
目前中国在经济、技术等方面与发达国家还有很大距离，文化产业不够发达，不能够满足有些青少年衣食住行高标准的需求，使青少年对美国产生崇拜、向往之情。
一部分青少年的文化价值重心偏向西方文化，“西化”思想在这些青少年中深受欢迎。
在网络技术迅速发展的今天，网络的公开性、全球性使美国等西方发达国家能够十分方便地突破国界和地域限制来推行文化霸权，渗透价值观念，扩张文化影响，
改革开放后，西方餐饮业大量进军中国，冲击了中国的餐饮业，部分改变了中国人的饮食习惯。
影响最大的是快餐，这种饮食方式符合当代人的快节奏生活，因而肯德基、麦当劳在神洲遍地开花。
中国的快餐也就应运而生，一改中国人细嚼慢咽的饮食习惯。
面对美国网络文化的强大冲击，中国青少年如果过多地接触可能会产生亲近感、信任感，甚至认同和依赖。
这种文化侵入不仅会模糊青年一代对本民族文化的认可和民族身份的认同，削弱民族感，甚至使他们成为崇拜美国文化的人。
由于美国文化的冲击，中国社会在有关婚姻的问题上种种观念变得更为开放，社会的容忍度明显地增大了，离婚率、一夜情等和我国的传统文化理念明显背道而驰。
所以我们在吸取外来文化中好的一面的时候也应该时刻警惕自己时刻注意。
外来文化冲击使人们出现了求新和崇洋趋势，享乐主义、个人主义有所抬头，使传统的道德行面临扭曲变形的危机，也使人们的政治意识形态面临挑战。
但凡事都是有其有弊的一面，也有其利的一面的。
所不同的是敝与利谁多谁少，至此我们也应该客观的去看待美国文化的影响和冲击。
首先面对外来文化，我们不必惊呼狼来了，而是要看到其中那些东西是精华，哪些是糟粕，取其精华来服务于我们。
只要外来文化对民族文化发展起到积极推动的作用，这就是利大于弊。
同时，我们也清醒地看到外来文化的本身有其优劣之分，我们从来都是应该去吸收人类创造的一切优秀文化成果，因此，不能用错误引进民族文化带来的种种弊端来判定外来文化本身对民族文化发展的利弊大小。
现在让我为大家展示一幅波澜壮阔的历史画卷吧！在文艺复兴的欧洲，以四大发明为代表的中国古代文明使欧洲复兴成为可能。
优秀的意大利古典作品哺育了具有高度英格兰民族性的莎士比亚。
而中国呢，曾经与拥有古代西方全部文化遗产的阿拉伯人并驾齐驱的中国人却在此后的闭关自守中备尝落后挨打的教训。
当我们今天再一次站在世纪之交的广阔舞台上，回顾几个世纪的世界文化的广泛传播和交流的时候，我们惊叹外来文化带来民族文化怎样的崛起和飞跃，我们相信任何一个民族文化的发展只有在与外来文化的相互交融和碰撞中，才能够
突飞猛进，我们也同样将相信，"海纳百川，兼容并蓄"正是一个民族文化的坚强自信和历史价值的最佳体现。
所以面对美国文化我们应该取其利而弃其弊，为我所用。
综上，面对外来文化对传统文化的冲击，我们不应盲目排外，更不能盲目屈从，应以在保护传统文化的同时包容外来文化，更要注重于传统文化之上合理创新。
作为当代的大学生，面对外来文化的种种影响，我们除了学习正确的去看待，更重要的，我们应当树立起强烈的责任感，形成忧患意识，清楚的看到我们与发达国家之间的差距，清楚的认识到竞争的残酷和激烈。
我们的表现，可谓关系着民族的前途和国家的未来。
外来文化传入，既是机遇，又是挑战。
相信，经历过外来文化洗礼的民族文化会焕发出新的生机，国家和社会的发展会迈进一个新的腾飞的阶段。