美苏冷战英文

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美苏冷战的开始WU

苏军总数达1140万
年产作战飞机40,000架驻军欧亚许多地区
解放了大片东欧领土
扩展了60万平方公里疆土苏联克里姆林宫
强大起来的苏联，成为美国称霸的障碍。
“战时，要保持团结并不太难，因为有一个打败共同敌人的目标，这一点谁都清楚。艰难的工作在战后，那时，各种不同的利害关系往往会使同盟分裂。‛ ——斯大林（1945年2月于雅尔塔）
材料中提到的“铁幕”指的是什么？苏联及东欧人民民主国家。
美国总统哈瑞· 杜鲁门
杜鲁门总统在国会发表演说
“我相信美国的政策旨在支持自由国家人民抵抗少数武装分子或外来压力的征服企图。我相信我们必须协助自由国家人民依照其自己的方式，造成其本身的命运。‛ 世界其它国家的人民期待美国的支持，以维护他们的自由，伟大的责任已降临到美国的头上· · · · · · 不论在什么地方，不论直接或间接地威胁了和平，都与美国的安全有关。 ——杜鲁门问：‚少数武装分子或外来压力‛分别指什么？杜鲁门宣扬的对外政策是什么？其实质是什么？这段演说表明了是什么？
二、冷战
1、拉开序幕：1946年丘吉尔发表‚富尔敦演说‛ （‚铁幕演说‛） 2、冷战开始：美国——挑起冷战政治上：1947年，杜鲁门主义——标志美苏冷战正式开始。（美苏盟友关系正式破裂）经济上： ‚欧洲复兴计划‛ 即马歇尔计划。军事上：北大西洋公约组织（‚北约‛）（总部在布鲁塞尔）* 3、苏联针锋相对：
北大西洋公约
华沙公约
冰岛中立国北约成员国华约成员国
挪威
丹麦
英
1955年，华沙条约组织（华约）成立。
1949年8月，北国大西洋公约组织（北约）成立。
苏联
波兰

美苏冷战

——杜鲁门（1947）

。。。。。。正如希腊的情形一样，如果土耳其要得到它所需的援助，就得由
美国供给它。我们是能够提供那种援助的唯一国家…… 美国外交政策的主要目标之一，就是要造成一种局势，俾使我们
和其它国家都能塑造出一种免于威胁的生活方式。在对德国和日本作战中，这是一个基本问题。我们的胜利乃是战胜那些想把其意志和生活方式强加在别国头上的国家。
铁幕演说("iron curtain" speech)
1946年1月，英国前任首相丘吉尔应邀访美。3月5日，他在杜鲁门的母校威斯敏斯特学院发表了题为“和平砥柱”的演说。丘吉尔在演说中公开攻击苏联“扩张”，宣称“从波罗的海的什切青到亚得里亚海边的里雅斯特，一幅横贯欧洲大陆的铁幕已经降落下来”，苏联对“铁幕”以东的中欧、东欧国家进行日益增强的高压控制。对苏联的扩张，不能采取“绥靖政策”。
3我、们综能合从国这力段的历强史弱中取获决得于哪经些济启发示展？的好坏，我们应坚持以经济建设为中心。
反对霸权主义和强权政治维护世界和平与发展！
“战时，要保持团结并不太难，因为有一个打败共同敌人的目标，这一点谁都清楚。艰难的工作在战后，那时，各种不同的利害关系往往会使同盟分裂。”
——斯大林
（1945年2月于雅尔塔）
历史探源：盟友为何成敌人？
拥有原子弹,拥有1200多万军队，30艘航空母舰 1000多艘其他战舰近500个军事基地
工美业国生经产济量、占政世治界、2/3 军事外实贸力出强口大额，占成世为界资1/3 本主黄义金世储界备盟量主占。世界3/4
控制操纵联合国
美国前总统胡佛说：“目前，我们，只有我们掌握着原子弹，我们能够美把国自欲己称的霸政世策界强。加给世界。”

What was the Truman Doctrine

What was the Truman Doctrine?
Harry S Truman
Truman
• 1884.5.8~1972.12.26 • the 33rd President of the United State(1945~1953) • “Give 'Em Hell Harry”
• use nuclear weapons against Japan
杜鲁门主义是美国对外政策的重大转折点。当时它与马歇时的盟国变为战后的敌国，标志着美国政府第一次公开宣布将“冷战”作为国策。在此后25年内，杜鲁门主义一直支配着美国的对外政策
• Background • Essence • influence
• The Truman Doctrine also contributed to America's first involvements in the Vietnam War; Truman attempted to aid France's bid to hold onto its Vietnamese colonies. The United States supplied French forces with equipment and military advisors in order to combat a young Ho Chi Minh and communist revolutionaries.
• • • • Marshall Plan to rebuild Europe Begin the Cold War the Truman Doctrine One of the greatest president
杜鲁门宣布：日本投降，二战结束

cold war。美苏冷战英语版。最全最完整的版本。啵啵独家制作(课堂PPT)

The Soviet Union, out of its own security concern and fear of capitalist encirclement, 资本主义的包围 was determined to keep its hold on the Eastern European countries and to defend its sphere of influence at all costs.
冷战是指：1947年——1991年间美国为首的西方资本主义国家和苏联为首社会主义国家两个阵营除直接交战以外，在经济、政治、军事、外交、文化、意识形态等各方面都处于对抗状态的时期。
两大阵营与军事集团
社会主义阵营：苏联为首
华沙条约组织（华约1955）
The socialist camp
资本主义阵营：美国为首
Causes of Cold War
• There were deep-rooted ideological, economic and political diffቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱrences between the United States and the Soviet Union before the Second World War. These differences were intensified as a result of their mutual suspicions immediately after the Second World War.
US vs. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Democracy vs. Communism Capitalism vs. Socialism

cold war。美苏冷战英语版。最全最完整的版本。啵啵独家制作

Causes of Cold War
(1) Underlying causes (i) Ideological (意识形态的) (ii) Economic (iii) Power rivalry(竞争) (2) Immediate Causes Leading to the Cold War (i) Extension of Russian influence in Europe (ii) The reactions of the United States (iii) Poor relations between the United States and the Soviet Union
– The race to control space was on.
• April 12, 1961: Yuri Gagarin became first human in space and first to orbit Earth. • US felt a loss of prestige and increased funding for space programs and science education. • On May 25,1961, Kennedy gave a speech challenging America to land a man on the moon and return him safely by the end of the decade. • Apollo 11 landed on the moon on July 16, 1969.
held the North Atlantic Treaty signing ceremony in Washington.
August 24, the North Atlantic Treaty entered into force.

人教版高中历史必修1课件知识点2_美苏冷战

美苏冷战
【两极对峙格局形成过程】
3. 冷战的具体表现
美苏冷战
【两极对峙格局形成过程】
4. 两极格局最终形成 1949年北大西洋公约组织成立。 1955年华沙条约组织成立。
美苏冷战
【美苏冷战的影响】
1.消极影响加剧了世界的紧张局势，形成了全面“冷战”和局部热战
的局面。（1）德国分裂；（2）古巴导弹危机；（3）朝鲜战争；（4）越南战争 2.积极影响
美苏冷战
【冷战的原因】
1.美、苏力量大致均衡；第二次世界大战结束后，形成了东、西两大集团。这
两大集团由于政治信仰不同，而处在相互敌视状态。由于双方军事力量都非常强大，拥有几百万军队和数万核弹头，运用这些军事力量，就可以将地球彻底消灭好几次。 2.大战刚歇，人心思和平。
但是，二战刚刚结束，所以谁都不敢动用军事力量来发动战争。他们都想削弱对方直到搞垮对方，所以就动用除军事行为以外的一切手段。这包括：经济封锁、政治供给、颠覆破坏、军备竞赛等。虽然两大集团之间没有直接响起枪炮声，但是，实际上他们却处在一种战争状态。
避免了新的世界大战的爆发，带来长时间的和平时；促进科技的发展
美苏冷战
【典型例题】
1.2006年5月，美国副总统切尼发表讲话批评俄罗斯的现状。
讲话发表后，有关评论家认为切尼启动了第二波“冷战”。
那么，第一波“冷战”全面展开的标志是
（）
A、丘吉尔的富尔敦演说 B、杜鲁门的国情咨文 C、马歇尔复兴欧洲计划 D、戴高气的就职致词
今日世界已面临严重的局势??几乎所有国家都必须在两种生活方式中挑选一种??极权主义之种子??在贫穷与争斗之劣土中蔓延及生长??重大责任落到我们头上
知识点—— 美苏冷战

cold war美苏冷战英语最全最完整的本啵啵独家制作

Policy
Truman socialist杜鲁门主义
Economy Marshall plan 马歇尔计划
German Piecing together the federal problem republic of Germany
Military
Established NATO 两大军事集团对立形成
Causes of Cold War
(1) Underlying causes (i) Ideological (意识形态的) (ii) Economic (iii) Power rivalry(竞争)
(2) Immediate Causes Leading to the Cold War (i) Extension of Russian influence in Europe (ii) The reactions of the United States (iii) Poor relations between the United States and the Soviet Union
何谓“冷战”
（What is Cold War)
Cold War refers to:1947--1991 years the United States led western capitalist countries and the Soviet Union socialist countries two camps in addition to the direct engagement, in economic, political, military, diplomatic, cultural, ideological and other aspects are in a state of confrontation period.

有关美苏冷战的英语作文

有关美苏冷战的英语作文美苏冷战是20世纪后半叶国际关系中的一个重要时期，影响深远。

以下是一篇关于美苏冷战的英语作文，以参考网上下载最多的范文为基础，结合历史事实进行了高质量的仿写。

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The Cold War: A Clash of Ideologies and Superpowers。

The Cold War, spanning roughly from the end of World War II to the early 1990s, marked a period of intense geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union. This conflict was not fought on battlefields but rather through political, economic, and ideological rivalry, shaping the global landscape for decades to come.At its core, the Cold War was a clash of ideologies. The United States, championing capitalism and democracy, stood in stark opposition to the Soviet Union, which upheld communism and centralized state control. These competingideologies fueled a race for global dominance, leading to a series of proxy wars, arms races, and ideological battles across the world.One of the defining features of the Cold War was the arms race, particularly in nuclear weapons. Both the U.S. and the Soviet Union stockpiled vast arsenals of nuclear missiles, leading to a doctrine of mutually assured destruction (MAD), where the threat of nuclear retaliation kept both sides in check. This arms race heightened global tensions and created a constant state of fear and anxiety known as the "nuclear standoff."Proxy wars also characterized the Cold War era, as both superpowers sought to spread their influence and ideology to other nations. Conflicts in Korea, Vietnam, and Afghanistan were among the most notable proxy wars, where the U.S. and Soviet Union supported opposing factions, often leading to prolonged and devastating conflicts with far-reaching consequences for the affected regions.The space race was another manifestation of the ColdWar rivalry, with both superpowers competing to achieve milestones in space exploration as a symbol oftechnological and ideological superiority. The launch of Sputnik by the Soviet Union in 1957 marked the beginning of this competition, followed by the U.S. Apollo program landing astronauts on the moon in 1969.While the Cold War was characterized by intense rivalry, it also witnessed moments of détente, where both sides engaged in diplomatic efforts to reduce tensions and avoid direct confrontation. The Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) and the Helsinki Accords were examples of such efforts, albeit temporary, to ease the nuclear threat and promote dialogue between the superpowers.The end of the Cold War came with the gradual collapseof the Soviet Union in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Economic stagnation, internal unrest, and the inability to compete with the U.S. on multiple fronts contributed to the Soviet Union's decline. The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 symbolized the end of divided Europe and marked a turning point in global politics, leading to the eventualdissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.In conclusion, the Cold War was a multifaceted conflict driven by ideological differences, power struggles, and global competition between the United States and the Soviet Union. Its legacy continues to shape internationalrelations and security policies, highlighting the complex dynamics of superpower rivalry and the enduring impact of historical conflicts on the modern world.。

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Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any y friend, oppose any foe, to secure the survival and success of liberty…”
Beginnings
• World War II: Allies and Rivals? • New U.S. conceptions of national security
Periods of the Cold War
• 1. 1947-63 “Classic Cold War”
• Actually three phases:
Over-arching themes: U.S. rejection of isolationism Key paradigms: “Munich”, “Pearl Harbor”, “Versailles” Perception of threat from USSR-led Communism Fear of ideological and cultural penetration Zero-sum games and Falling Dominoes Containment
• Origins and Evolution of Containment – Economic – Military – NSC-68 – Korean War – Subversion and Covert Activity
• Eisenhower’s “New Look” • “Rollback” • Massive Retaliation and Asymmetric Response • Brinkmanship • Covert activity • Support for status quo in Asia, Middle East and the Americas
The Cold War: An Overview of U.S. Foreign Policy
1. Definition
• “non-hostile belligerency” • Ideology or geopolitics?
Characteristics
• A Global (and Cosmic) Struggle – Two Scorpions • The Nuclear Dimension – Two porcupines • A Zero-Sum game – Two Theologies
• • • •
The New Cold War Negotiating from Strength The “Evil Empire” A Policy of Squeeze?
• The beginnings of a new détente • SDI • Iran-Contra • Mikhail Gorbachev • Renewal of Summit Diplomacy
• • • •
Détente and the Prague Spring The United States and Israel The Race to the Moon Nixon and Détente
•Linkage and Rapprochement •The Quagmire of Vietnam •Dissent on the Streets, Revisionism in Academia •Chile
– 1947-53 – 1953-58 – 1958-63
• 2. 1963-79 Détente
• 3. 1979-84 The “Second Cold War”
• 4. Détente, again. 1984-89
U.S. Foreign Policy in the Cold War
• Realpolitik
• Strategic Arms Limitation Talks • The Over-selling of Détente • Helsinki 1975
• Carter and Human Rights • North-South versus East-West • Committee on Clear and Present Danger • Afghanistan and the Demise of Détente • Iran and the Demise of Carter
• Malta Conference and the End of the Cold War • What was it all about? • Central themes in U.S. conduct of the Cold War
• Kennedy and the rhetoric of victory • Flexible Response • Calibration and gradual escalation • Arms build-up and Alliance for Progress
• Cuban Missile Crisis and the fear of loss of control • Hotline and the beginnings of Détente • The problem of Vietnam: honor our commitments or the world goes up in smoke