标点符号用法

标点符号用法

常用的英语标点符号有十二种，它们是：

l. 上标点(')

(l)表示字母的省略。Can't you read those road signs?

(2)表示数字的省略。Today is Thursday, June 1, '89.

(3)表示字母的复数。There are five s’s in “sleeplessness.”

(4)表示单字的复数。Our teacher told us not to use so many so’s.

(5)表示数字的复数。Her 7’s and 9’s look alike.

(6)表示所有格。It’s Vice Burn’s umbrella.

2. 逗号(，)

(1) 用在以and ,but ,for, nor ,or ,so ,yet等连接词连接的两个主要子句之间。My father is fond of fishing, but my mother prefers hiking.

(2) 在复合句中，如果附属子句在前，主要子句在后，用在附属子句之后。While I was making a telephone call, someone knocked at my door．

注意：如果主要子句在前，则不用逗号。

(3) 用以分开非限制形容词子句与主要子句。

Her father, who is a famous scholar, teaches English.

(4) 用以分开非限制同位语。

Kent Howard, my English teacher, is from America.

(5) 用在yes, no ,well等字之后。

(a) Yes, he is a hard-working student.

(b) No, it is impossible.

(c) Well, you may go if you insist.

(6) 向人说话时，用在对方名字或称谓之后，之前或前后。

(a) John, come here.

(b) Open the door, John.

(c) It is, Sir, not my fault.

(7) 用以分开引用句

(a) “You are beautiful,” he said.

(b) Our teacher said, “Freedom is not license.”

(c) “No,” she said, “I was just testing your patience.”

(8) 用以分开星期，月日，年份。

On Sunday, May 28, 1989, her first child was born.

(9) 用以分开地名、省名、国名、街道名、巷弄名等。

Candy lives at 4 Alley 10, Lane 76, ChingHua Street, Section 4, Taipei, Taiwan.

(10)用以分开一系列的单字，词组或子句。

(a) Her mother sells tomatoes, potatoes, and peaches.

(b) She ran up the stairs, across the porch, and into the house.

(c) We all agreed that she was beautiful, that she was intelligent, and that she was ambitious.

(11)用以表示字的省略。

The lion is the symbol of courage; the lamb, of meekness. (the lamb is the symbol of meekness).

(12)用在such as及especially的前面。

(a) They enjoy outdoor sports, such as hiking and riding.

(b)He likes all extracurricular activities, especially basketball playing.

(13)用以分开「乃此非彼」的结构。

He wanted to see Cliff, not Steve.

(14)用在追问句之前。

It is warm today, isn’t it?

3. 冒号(：)

(1) 用在解释或逐项列举之前(在as follows, the following as these或given

below之后)。

(a) I bought the following articles: sheets, towels, and blankets．

(b) The table lamp consists of three parts: a stand, a bulb, and a shade.

(2) 用在正式或事务信函中称谓之后。

Dear Sir: Dear Mr. Reagan: Gentlemen:

注意:在非正式或交际信函中称谓之后用逗号。

Dear Mary, Dear John,

(3) 用在数字之后，表示时间。

Our class starts at 8:10 a.m. and ends at 12:00 noon.

(4) 用在较长的引用句或正式问句之前。

(a) This is my favorite quotation: “It is difficult to say what is impossible, for the dream of yesterday is the hope of today and reality of tomorrow.”

(b) The question is: What can we do for our country?

(5) 用在讲释第一个主要子句的第二个主要句子之前。

Her intention is obvious: she wants to marry him.

4. 破折号(--)

(1) 表示犹豫，句意的暂时中断, 或思想的突然中断。

(a) I—I don’t know. You’d better ask her.

(b) The entire teaching facilities—console, tapes, earphones, and tape recorders—were stolen last night.

(c) I’ll give—let’s see, what can I give?

(2) 用以强调同位语。

She has only one interest—food.

(3) 用在结语之前。

Professor Chu collects postage stamps, coins, sea shells, matchboxes—in short,

anything that interests him.

(4) 用在未完成句之后。

She said, “He was everything to me, but--”

5. 惊叹号(！)

(1) 用在以强烈情感说出的字句之后。

(a) What a surprise!

(b) How beautiful a girl she is!

(c) What a beautiful girl she is!

(2) 用在祈使句之后。

(a) Help! My house is on fire!

(b) Be quiet!

6. 连字句(-)

(1) 用以表示分数或连接由21至99中的十位数及个位数。

(a) Three-fourths of the freshman students are girls.