上海市浦东新区2017-2018学年高二上学期期末考试语文试题含答案精品
浦东新区2017学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测
高二语文试卷
（满分100分，完卷时间120分钟）
考生注意：
1．本试卷设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择
题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，坐在试卷上一律不得分。
2．答题前，务必在答题纸上准确填写相关信息。
3．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。
一积累应用（5分）
1．按要求填空。
（3分）
（1）故观于海者难为水，。
（《诸子喻山水》）
（2）可堪孤馆闭春寒，。
（秦观《踏莎行?郴州旅舍》）
（3）苏轼《江城子》以“料得年年肠断处，明月夜，短松冈”写对亡妻的思念，周邦彦《苏幕遮》以类似手法写対故园的四年的句子
是：。
2．按要求选择。
（2分）
小王家的百货店要开张营业，朋友小张准备送一副对联表示祝贺，下列祝贺语恰当的一项是：
A．开业大发财，一本致万利。
B．广聚天下客，通吃八方财。
C．君子爱财，取之有道。
D．公平有德财源广，和气致祥生意兴。
二阅读（55分）
（一）阅读下文，完成第3-7题。
（13分）
①共享，正在风靡世界。
第一个因共享而兴业的公司是AirbnB．Uber、滴滴打车创造
了更大的成功。
摩拜单车、ofo又成了新贵
．．。
②共享令人向往，多半是因为共享是个自带天使光环，它俘获了人们的全部注意力，
令人们很难注意到支撑、打造和放大这个光环的三个支点，是三个毫无性感，甚至灰黑坚
硬的关键字：供应、和。
③在互联网发展的头二十年，互联网被默认为是一个需求端的革命，是用户红利的大
爆炸，是用户为用户创造红利、更多的用户创造更多的用户红利的过程和现象，专业黑话
称之为“网络效应”。
供应在这里更多扮演的是一个被动应答的角色，是被用户红利驱动
而改变的，很多时候还是不情不愿的，是一个无足轻重的配角，站在舞台中央、聚光灯下
的是用户和用户红利。
在这二十年中，供应是老旧的、苦恼的、步履蹒跚的、无所适从的、。
上海市浦东新区2017-2018学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（Word版,含答案）
上海市浦东新区2017-2018学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（Word版,含答案）浦东新区2017学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测高二英语试卷(本试卷满分100分考试时间90分钟）(考生注意：请按要求把答案分别做在答题卡或答题纸上）Listening ComprehensionSection A 5%Directions:In Section A, you will hear five short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Teacher and student. B. Customer and salesman.C. Customer and repairman.D. Visitor and headmaster.2. A. At a post office. B. At a bus station.C.In a department store.D. In a dental clinic.3. A. He’ll go to bed early tonight.B. H e’ll change a room tonight.D. He’ll study till past midnight.C.He’ll sleep in his study for the night.4.A. She had no idea how to write an English essay.B.She hardly finished the English essay on time.C.She felt too tired to write the English essay.D.She had some trouble writing the English essay.5. A. The man is deeply attracted by an amusing TV show.B. The man doesn’t want to do the woman a f avour.C.The woman is tearing some paper from a book.D. The woman can’t help watching an exciting TV show.Section B 10%Directions:In Section B, you will hear one short passage and one longer conversation, and you will be asked two or three questions on each of them. The passage and theconversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 6 through 8 are based one the following passage.6. A. They welcomed over a million visitors.B. They showed visitors unique wildlife.C.They got involved in the whaling industry.D.They provided whales with natural homes.7. A. Tourists may get to know different types of whale migration (迁徙).B.It illustrates the ways whale interact with each other to the tourists.C. Tourists can see whales in their natural surroundings with their own eyes.D. It provides tourists with experiences of boating with the migrating whales.8. A. Guarantees on whale watching tours.B.A popular example of eco-tourism (生态旅游).C.History and various types of eco-tourism.D. Means of making money from whale watching.Questions 9 through 10 are based one the followingconversation.9. A. How to dress properly. B. The woman’s fashion sense.C. What birthday gifts to buy.D. The man’s dressing habit.10. A. The man advise the woman to wear a suit and a tie.B.They will go to the birthday party although uninvited.C. There is a dress code (规则) for it will be a magnificent occasion.D. Professor Green, president of the university, will hold a birthday party. Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection A 10%Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Searching the skiesFor thousands of years, scientists have wondered about the spots of light in the night sky. In A.D. 125, Ptolemy, a Greek astronomer living in Egypt, claimed that the planets and the sun moved around Earth. (11) other astronomers had different ideas, Ptolemy’s theory was held for almost 1,500 ye ars.In the 1540s, the Polish astronomer Nicholas Copernicus published many books, one(12) explained how Earth and the other planets orbit the sun. In the early 1600s,Galileo proved that Copernicus was right. Galileo made his observations by (13) (use) a telescope (望远镜).He was the first astronomer to use one.Today，astronomers use telescopes that are much (14) (powerfiil) than Galileo's In 1990, the Hubble Space Telescope began to orbit Earth. The Hubble telescope studies some raysfrom distant stars and galaxies (银河系).These are the rays that never reach Earth, because they (15) (stop) by Earth’s atmosphere. The Hubble telescope has found evidence of a black hole—a (16) (fall) star that takes in all matter that comes near (17) . The Hubble telescope has also sent back information about some very young stars.(18) (study) planets in our solar system, scientists have launched unarmed space Probes (探测器).In 1997, the Pathfinder mission landed a small vehicle named Sojourner on Mars. So far. Sojourner (19) (learn) that the composition of Marsis more like Earth than scientists had thought. (20) Earth, Mars has a melted core. Pressure bubbles up from that core and sometimes causes volcanoes.Section B 9%Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The Teeth-Heart ConnectionYou’ve probably heard the list of factors t hat put you at risk for heart disease: smoking, poor diet, lack of exercise and so on. But did you know that the health of。
2017-2018学年度高一语文第二学期期末试卷 含答案
2017-2018学年度第二学期第二次月考（全二册）高一年级语文试卷命题人：校对：考试时长：150 分钟分值：150 分I 卷（选择题，共44分）一基础知识单项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。
在下列各小题的备选答案中，选择一个正确的答案)1.下列加点的字注音，错误最多的一项是（）A.憎．恶（zèng）岑．寂（cán）流涎．（yán）锱．铢必较（zhī）B.目眦．（zì）攻讦．（jiān）拉纤．（qiàn）一蹴．而就（cù）C.瞋．目（chēng）绮．丽（yǐ）得逞．（chěng）昙．花一现（tán）D.折腾．（teng）帷．幕（weí）露．穷（lù）清沁．肺腑（qìng）2.下列词语中，错别字最多的一项是（）A.不及不离挥豁无度珍羞美味源源不断B.抱残守却诩诩如生转瞬即逝迫在眉睫C.相形见拙烟熏火燎宠然大物屈指可数D.莫名其妙震耳欲聋猝不及防冠冕堂煌3.下列词语中，加点字解释完全正确的一项是（）A．待人接物．（物体）自鸣．得意（表示）无动于衷．（内心）B.疾．言厉色（急速）胡作非．为（不对）灭顶．．之灾（水漫过头顶）C.自顾不暇．（时间）冥思苦．想（用心）一丝不苟．（苟且、马虎）D.小心．．谨慎（留心）纵横交错．(叉开) 有史可稽．（考核、核查）4.依次填入下列句子横线处的关联词，最恰当的是（）也有的播迁他邦，重振雄风；也有的昙花一现，未老而先亡。
————，————它们内容的深浅，作用的大小，时间的久暂，空间的广狭，————它们存在过，————都是传统文化。
A.不过如果只要便B.不过即使如果就C.但是不管只要便D.但是也许如果就5.下列句子中标点使用规范的一项（）A.“你打碎了我的盘子”，她很低沉地说：“我的小儿子没有饭吃了。
”B. 做年夜饭不能拉风箱——呱嗒呱嗒的风箱声会破坏神秘感——因此要烧最好的草、棉花柴或者豆秸。
人教版2017-2018学年八年级语文上学期期末考试试题及答案解析
人教版2017-2018学年八年级语文上学期期末考试试题及答案解析2017-2018学年八年级语文上学期期末考试试题注意事项：本套试题共计150分，所有答案请书写在答题卡上。
答题卡上切忌涂改、张贴。
一、积累与训练（共10题；共41分，选择题每小题3分）1、下列词语中划线字注音有误的一项是（）A、窒息（zhì）简陋（lòu）锐不可当（dāng）B、要塞（sài）蒙昧（mèi）悄然不惊（qiǎo）C、颁发（bān）宽恕（shù）引吭高歌（háng）D、翘首（qiào）屏息（bǐng）叱咤风云（chà）2、下列词语中字形都正确的一项是（）A、抑扬顿挫直截了当淋漓尽致不记其数B、好高骛远殚精竭虑博闻强识阴谋诡计C、梦寐以求刚愎自用按步就班桀骜不驯D、逆来顺受脍灸人口无精打彩深恶痛疾3、划线成语使用不当的一项（）A、这道数学题解题步骤繁多，而且有三个答案，真可谓扑朔迷离。
B、今年2月，XXX引领XXX豪取7连胜，并打破多项联盟记录，这让此前赛事成绩平平、鲜为人知的他成为全球关注的焦点。
C、“鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已”正好准确地描述了XXX的一生。
D、几年没见，调皮捣蛋的小军变成了一个品学兼优的小伙子，再也不是当年的XXX了。
4、下列句子中没有语病的一项是（）A、在科技大讲堂的活动现场，充满了孩子们求知与探索的热情。
B、目前，城市免费WiFi“智慧桂林”的热点数已逾9000个左右。
C、有些人之所以不断成长，是因为有一种坚持下去的力量。
D、通过“多读书，读好书”活动，使同学们的阅读水平有了很大提高。
5、下列句子排序，最恰当的一项是（）①有的书昨天看不懂，过些日子再看才懂得②或者一本书读了前面有许多不懂的地方，读到后面才豁然贯通③经验证明，有许多书看一遍两遍还不懂得，读三遍四遍就懂得了④因此，重要的书必须常常反复阅读，每读一次都会觉得开卷有益⑤也有的似乎已经看懂了，其实不大懂，后来有了一些实际知识，才真正懂得它的意思A、①⑤②③④B、③①⑤②④C、④③②①⑤D、③②①⑤④6、下列句子标点符号使用有误的一项是（）A、也许有人心里隐隐约约地说：你说的就是那些“兵”吗？他们看起来是很平凡、很简单的哩，既看不出他们有什么高深的知识？又看不出他们有丰富细致的感情。
上海市浦东新区第二教育署2020~2021学年七年级上学期期中考试语文试题
上海市浦东新区第二教育署2017-2018学年七年级上学期期中考试语文试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、句子默写1．默写填空。
(1)山光悦鸟性，________________________。
(2)夜来城外一尺雪，____________________。
(3) _______________________，江清月近人。
(4)春蚕到死丝方尽，____________________。
(5)下见小潭，__________________________。
二、选择题2．下列词语书写完全正确．．的一组是A．饶有兴致头晕目眩故弄玄虚相见恨晚B．不知所措不负众望风烛残年一如即往C．小心翼翼密密匝匝怒不可恶震耳欲聋D．瘦骨嶙峋不屑一顾推推搡搡莫明其妙3．下列关于文学、文化常识的表述不正确．．是( )．．．的两项A．按近体诗的分类，《宿建德江》是五言绝句，《放言五首》是七言律诗。
B．张飞、关羽、曹操都属于中国戏曲角色中的“净”角，俗称“花脸”。
C．“笔落惊风雨，诗成泣鬼神”是李白对杜甫飘逸豪放、雄奇洒脱诗风的赞叹。
D．从体裁而言，鲁迅的《社戏》、牛汉的《滹沱河和我》都属于叙事散文。
E. “朝闻夕死”出自《论语》，体现出对真理或信仰追求的迫切。
4．阅读古诗《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》，下列理解不恰当．．．的一项是巴山楚水凄凉地，二十三年弃置身。
怀旧空吟闻笛赋，到乡翻似烂柯人。
沉舟侧畔千帆过，病树前头万木春。
今日听君歌一曲，暂凭杯酒长精神。
A．首联点明了作者被贬之地，以及遭贬的时间。
B．颔联用向秀和王质的典故表达遭贬二十三年人事全非的感慨。
C．颈联以沉舟、病树自比，尽显惆怅沉郁之情。
D．尾联点明酬答题意，表现出作者坚韧不拔的意志。
三、文言文阅读课内文言文阅读。
①潭中鱼可百许头，皆若空游无所依。
日光下彻，影布石上，佁然不动；俶尔远逝，往来翕忽。
上海市浦东新区区2017-2018学年度高三第一学期期末质量监控英语试卷
上海市浦东新区区2017-2018学年度高三第一学期期末质量监控英语试卷第Ⅰ卷Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension（25 分）Section A – Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a gym. B. In a shoe-repair shop.C. In a department store.D. At a track.2. A. $200. B. $400.C. $250.D. $500.3. A. Take classes. B. Find a job.C. Learn more.D. Get ready for the next term.4. A. To leave her a message with her roommate. B. To solve a problem in his homework.C. To talk with her roommate.D. To ask about his homework.5. A. He likes physics. B. His physics is the best in the class.C. He is working hard at physics.D. His physics is very poor in the class.6. A. A sportsman. B. A doctor.C. A news reporter.D. A game designer.7. A. Unforgettable. B. Impressive.C. Pleasant.D. Disappointing.8. A. Coins and banknotes. B. Weights and measures.C. Shapes and areas.D. Volumes and sizes.9. A. It’s too crowded and he can’t breathe very well. B. The next stop is the terminal station.C. The next stop is their stop.D. A lot of people get off at the next stop.10. A. The Parking places are very far away. B. He had no problem finding the park.C. There is enough parking space.D. He isn’t very good at parking the car.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The driver took the wrong route. B. He missed his flight.C. He failed to get to the airport.D. His taxi got stuck in a traffic jam.12. A. One of the wings caught fire. B. The plane encountered a strong storm.C. There was something wrong with the engine.D. The hijacker forced the captain to do so.13. A. He had forgotten to lock his front door. B. He had lost his keys to the front door.C. He had left his luggage in the taxi.D. He had picked up the wrong suitcase.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Women now want to be car repairwomen instead of teachers.B. Women tend to do jobs that are traditionally intended for men.C. More girls are choosing fixed jobs in Scotland.D. British women choose non-traditional jobs more than women in other countries.15. A. Because women see many job opportunities on TV.B. Because women feel car repairing is cool on TV.C. Because women are influenced by their stars on TV.D. Because women are told about job choices by career officers on TV.16. A. Britain needs more women to do non-traditional jobs.B. The media should call for women to do non-traditional jobs.C. British women have taken up too many traditional jobs for men.D. The change in men’s attitudes is not important for women job choices.Question 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. For ten years. B. For nine years. C. For eight years. D. For one year.18. A. She is more concentrated on her career. B. She is not sure about the marriage.C. She’s holding hatred against Frank.D. She’s not comfortable with children around.19. A. Keeping persuading Claire. B. Give up and compromise.C. Fight harder with Claire.D. Give Claire some time.20. A. They have just been to Hawaii for a holiday.B. They cannot reach an agreement on having a baby.C. They are planning to get a divorce.D. They are trying to overcome career crisis.Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary（20 分）Section ADirections: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.As a young child, Ann Makosinski would spend hours experimenting with her toys and other everyday objects around her to create her own inventions.Now a first-year Arts student, Makosinski is a well-known inventor and entrepreneu（r创业者）. She won the2015Sustainable Entrepreneurship Award of Excellence,21recognizes innovative business solutions to social problems—the same recognition given to Barack Obama in 2014. Her own inventions, the Hollow Flashlight and the e-Drink, have been causing excitementinternationally 22 their creation.At the age of 15, Makosinski created a prototype（原型）for a flashlight 23 （power） by the heat of one’s hand. This invention was the result of a ninth grade science project, but Makosinski’s goal was 24 （o ffer）a practical solution to people with unlimited access to power and electricity.“I’m half-Filipino and half-Polish, and one of my friends from the Philippines told me that she failed school 25 she couldn’t afford electricity. She had no light to study with at night, so that was kind of the inspiration,”Makosinski explained.“I’ve always been interested in doing science projects, so I thought, why don’t I find a way to provide her and a lot of other people with light?”The Hollow Flashlight is made from Peltier tiles（珀耳贴贴片）that produce energy when one side 26 （heat）and the other side remains cool. The flashlight can produce a steady beam of LED lightfor 20 minutes, 27 （use）only the warmth of the human hand.Her advice to other student innovators?“S tart now. There 28 be nothing holding you back. Some students at colleges or even in high school think‘Oh, I’m a student. I just need to study.’ 29 may think it important to make friends and be social. The truth is, you can do a lot of other things. You can do 30 you want. Just go ahead.”Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. potentiallyB. filmedC. droppedD. commonlyE. treatsF. sympathyG. sensitive H. eyebrow I. domesticated J. selection K. confidentPuppy Dog Eyes Are for the Benefits of HumansDogs make puppy dog eyes for the benefit of humans and rarely use the pleasing facial expression when on their own, a new study has shown.It has long been assumed that animal facial expressions are involuntary and dependent on emotional state rather than a way to communicate.But scientists at the University’s Dog Cognition Centre at Portsmouth University have found that dogs mostly use facial expressions when humans are present, as a direct response to attention. Puppy dog eyes, in which the 31 is raised to make the eyes appear wider and sadder, was foundto be the most 32 used expression in the study. Researchers do not know whether the dogs are aware they look sadder, or have just learned that widening their eyes invites 33 a nd affection in humans.Dog cognition expert Dr Juliane Kaminski: “We can now be 34 that the production of facial expressions made by dogs are dependent on the attention state of their audience and are notjust a result of dogs being excited.”“In our study they produced far more expressions when someone was watching, but seeing food 35 did not have the same effect.”“The findings appear to support evidence dogs are 36 to humans’ attention and that expressions are 37 active attempts to communicate, not simple emotional displays.” The researchers studied 24 dogs of various breeds, aged one to 12. All were family pets. Each dog was tied by a lead a metre away from a person, and the dogs’ faces were 38 throughout a rangeof exchanges, from the person being oriented towards the dog, to being distracted and with her body turned away from the dog.facial They found that when a human was not watching the animal,they39 expressions.Dr Kaminski said it is possible that dogs’ expressions have evolved as they were 40 . “Domestic dogs have a unique history –they have lived alongside humans for 30,000 years and during that time selection pressures seem to have acted on dogs’ability to communicate with us, ”she said.Ⅲ. Reading comprehension（45 分）Section ADirections：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When I was a child of seven years old, my friends, on a holiday, filled my pocket with coppers.I went at once to a shop where they sold toys for children. Being 41 with the sound of a whistle that I had seen by the way, in the hands of another boy, I handed over all my money for one.I then came home, and went whistling all over the house, much pleased with my whistle, but 42 all the family. My brothers and sisters and cousins, when I told of the43 I had made, said I had given four times as much as the whistle was worth. They put me in mind of what good things I might have bought with the rest of the money, and laughed at me so much for my folly that I cried with vexation( 烦恼). Thinking about the matter gave me more44 than the whistle gave me pleasure.45 , this was afterwards of use to me, for the impression continued on my mind, so that often, when I was 46 to buy something I did not need, I said to myself, “Don’t give too muchfor the whistle, ” and I saved my money. As I grew up, came into the world, and 47 the actionsof men, I thought I met with many, very many, who “gave too much for the whistle.”If I knew a miser（守财奴）who 48 every kind of comfortable living, all the pleasure of doing good to others, all the esteem of his fellow citizens and the joys of friendship,___49__gathering and keeping wealth--- “Poor man,” said I, “ you pay too dear for your whistle.”When I met a man of pleasure, who did not try to improve his mind or his fortune but_____devoted himself to having a good time, perhaps neglecting his health, “ Mistaken man, you are providing51 for yourself, instead of pleasure; you are paying too dear for your whistle.” If I saw someone fond of 52 who has fine clothes, fine houses, fine furniture, fine earrings, all above his 53 , and for which he had run into debt, and ends his career in a prison. “Alas,” said I, “he has paid dear, very dear, for his whistle.” 54 , the miseries of mankind are largely due to their puffing a(n) 55 value on things --- to giving “too much for their whistle.”41. A. faced B. charmed C. sympathized D. provided42. A. disturbing B. attracting C. entertaining D. confusing43. A. trouble B. attempt C. choice D. bargain44. A. satisfaction B. relief C. annoyance D. stress45. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. However D. Indeed46. A. tempted B. determined C. forced D. persuaded47. A. took B. observed C. admired D. followed48. A. turned against B. gave up C. cared about D. relied on49. A. in case of B. instead of C. for the sake of D. in terms of50. A. merely B. similarly C. strangely D. positively51. A. inconvenience B. burden C. frustration D. pain52. A. appearance B. wealth C. comforts D. necessities53. A. demand B. fortune C. standard D. value54. A. As a result B. By contrast C. On average D. In short55. A. unexpected B. great C. false D. extraSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）When you think about coffee alternatives, garlic is probably one of the last things that comes to mind, but that is exactly the ingredient that one Japanese inventor used to create a drink that looks and tastes like coffee.74-year-old Yokitomo Shimotai, a coffee shop owner in Aomori Prefecture, Japan, claims that his unique “garlic coffee” is the result of a cooking blunder he made over 30 years ago, when he burned a steak and garlic while waiting tables at the same time. Intrigued by the scorched garlic’s aroma, he mashed it up with a spoon and mixed it with hot water. The resulting drink looked and tasted a lot like coffee. Making a mental note of his discovery, Yokimoto carried on with his job, and only started researching garlic coffee again after he retired.Committed to turning his weird drink into a commercial product, Yokitomo Shimotai spent years optimizing the formula, and about five years ago, he finally achieved a result he was satisfied with. To make his dissolvable garlic grounds, he roasts the cloves in an electric oven, and, after they’ve cooled off, smashes them into fine particles and packs them in dripbags.“My drink is probably the world’s first of its kind,” the garlic coffee inventor told Kyodo News. “It contains no caffeine so it’s good for those who would like to drink coffee at night or pregnant women.”“The bitterness of burned garlic apparently helps create the coffee-like flavor,” Shimotai adds. He claims that, although his garlic coffee does give off an aroma of roasted garlic, it doesn’t cause bad breath, because the garlic is thoroughly cooked. And if you can get past the smell, the drink apparently does taste a lot like actual coffee.If decaf isn’t good enough for you, and you’re in the mood for something new, you can try Yokitomo Shimotai’s garlic coffee at his shop, in the city of Ninohc, Iwate Prefecture, or buy your own dripbags for just 324 yen（$2.8）.56. Which word is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “blunder ”in the second paragraph?A. mistakeB. showC. mixtureD. brand57. Who is not suitable to drink garlic coffee?A. A woman bearing a baby.B. A student having trouble with sleep.C. A cleaner working on a day shift.D. A young lady sick of garlic.58. Which of the following is not characteristic of garlic coffee?A. It is caffeine-free.B. Garlic powder dissolves in water.C.The burnt garlic creates bitterness.D. It is an improvement on a garlic dish.59. Which of the following can be used to describe Yokitomo Shimotai?A. venturous and greedyB. innovative and perseverantC. hardworking and cautiousD. observant and helpful（B）How an advertisement is put togetherWhen you read an advertisement there are many factors you should consider, including: target audiencebrand namessloganspictures and colourspecial offers/couponsemotive/persuasive vocabularyTarget audienceAdvertisers aim particular products at different groups of people according to age, sex, social class and interests. They will often make assumptions about people and label or stereotype them.Who do you think these products would be aimed at: nappies, diamonds, mint chocolates, sports cars?What kind of products would be aimed at these people: teenagers, 25-year-old single men, 40-year-old working mums?Brand namesBrand names are chosen carefully. They can suggest particular lifestyles, values or interests and are intended to appeal to the target audience.Nissan Primera: this suggests quality. Primera is similar to premium and premier.Ford Ka: the spelling of Ka suggests novelty and simplicity. It is modern and futuristic. It is also bound to stick in your mind when you are looking for a new car!SlogansA slogan has to be catchy and memorable. Slogans use a range of devices: alliteration, repetition, puns, questions, personal pronouns and humour.Have a break. Have a Kit Kat. RepetitionThe totally tropical taste. AlliterationPicture and colourAll pictures try to make you feel something and most are biased, even photographs. They create aview of what the world is like using different tricks such as lighting and colour.Different colours have different associations that can be linked to particular products.Yellow: freshness, sunlight, lemons. This colour would be good for advertising washing up liquid. Green: countryside, natural, healthy. What would you use this colour for ?What do you associate these colours with: red, black, orange, gold, blue?Special offers/couponsAdvertisers often appear to offer something for nothing’: if you buy one product you will receive another one free or half price. These offers are incentive to try a new product or to encourage loyalty to an existing one.Emotive/persuasive vocabularyIn advertising you will find lots of words and phrases that are intended to persuade you or appeal to your emotions.mouthwatering silky free chocolateromantic creamy luxurious like mum used to make60. What color is suitable for dishwashing liquid?A. Green.B. Red.C. Orange.D. Yellow.61. Which of the following slogans applies the device alliteration?A. Mosquito Bye Bye Bye.（RADAR）B. We do, we said.（HENNESSY）C. M&Ms melt in your mouth（M&Ms）D. Start ahead.（RLJOICE）62. According to the passage, to reta.n the regular customers, advertising companies tend to.A. impress them with colorful picturesB. use promotional strategiesC. change slogans frequentlyD. create eye-catching brand names（C）Dental health: Brush with confidenceChildren should be taught to brush their teeth regularly. But the suspicion remains among some people, dentists included, that even so, certain children are doomed to develop dental cavities. The hypothesis behind this fear is that some combinations of genes may give rise to the sorts of oral bacteria which are responsible for cavities. If true, that would be sad for the youngsters concerned. But a study just published in Cell Host and Microbe, by Andres Gomez and Karen Nelson of the J. Craig Venter Institute, in San Diego, suggests it isn’t true.The mouth is home to many species of microbes. Most are good. Some, though, are well known to secrete acidic waste products when fed sugar. This acidity weakens teeth, causing them to decay.To try to find out whether a child’s genes play any role in encouraging such acid-secreting bugs, Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson set up an experiment with twins.Their“volunteers”were 280 pairs of fraternal twins and 205 pairs of identical twins, all agedbetween five and 11, who had not taken antibiotics during the previous six months. The children were asked to stop brushing their teeth the evening and the morning before the crucial moment of data collection. This was when the researchers swabbed the children’s gingival sulci（the clefts betweenteeth and gums, in which bacteria collect）to find out what was there. The children also had their teethscored by dentists as belonging to one of three categories: having no signs of current or previous dental cavities: having signs of current or previous cavities affecting the enamel（a tooth’s hard, outer layer）; or having signs of cavities that penetrated the enamel and allected the underlying dentine as well.Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson found that, though identical twins shared many groups of bacteria which were not shared by fraternal twins, none of these was a type responsible for cavities. Moreover, similarities in bacterial flora were greatest among five-to seven-year-olds, weaker among seven- to nine-year-olds and weakest among nine-to 11-year-olds. This suggests that any role genes do play in regulating the mouth’s ecology fades with time.Far from supporting the idea that some children are fated to suffer from cavities no matter how well they brush their teeth, these results make it clear that the power to control the growth of the relevant bacteria is very much within reach of children and their parents. Brushing, however, may not be the only approach. Avoiding sugary foods is obviously de rigueur. It seems likely, though, that which other foods a child eats may help shape his oral ecosystem, too. This is an area of ongoing research. But, as in the intestines（肠道）, so in the mouth, scientific medicine is at last coming to grips with the fact that the mixture of microbes present is both important and capable of manipulation, to the benefit of the host.63. What doe s“hypothesis”refer to in paragraph 1?A. Children’s failure to brush their teeth properly leads to tooth decay.B. Some children are programmed to develop tooth decay.C. Youngsters are suspicious of the effectiveness of tooth-brushing.D. Some genes are more likely to lead to dental cavites.64. Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson conducted an experiment to find out .A. whether genes have anything to do with dental decayB. which group of twins are more likely to have decayed teethC. what kinds of foods tend to give rise to tooth decayD. why the ecosystem of the intestines is similar to that of the mouth65. Which of the following statements is UNTRUE according to the passage?A. Scientists are not yet sure how ecosystem of the mouth is formed.B. The role genes play in controlling ecosystem of the mouth weakens with the time.C. The children are classified into three groups according to the degrees of dental cavities.D.Identical twins are not as genetically close to each other as fraternal twins.66. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. The existence of multiple microbes benefits children’s oral ecosystem.B. What a child eats enhances the healthfulness of a child’s oral ecosystem.C. Cutting down on sugar intake is the most likely way to prevent tooth decay.D. Parents are in no position to help their children maintain healthy oral ecosystem.Section CDirections: Read the following passage and choose the most suitable statement from A-F for each Blank. There are two extra statements, which you do not need.A. Reality has begun to catch up with the imagination of the film’s writer.B. Nanotechnology is one of the most exciting fields of research in the world today.C.When this becomes possible, great changes will take place in numerous fields.D. Small as they are, large quantities of them can make a difference and work wonders.E.Nanotechnology is also responsible for tremendous advances in many other fields.F. They carry medicine with them as they travel though the body, seeking our cancer cells.Nanotechnology Grows FastThanks to advances in technology, the science fiction of the past has become the“science fact”o f today, like the 1966 sci-fi Fantastic V oyag（e《神奇旅程》）. In the film, a man with very important knowledge was dying. The only way to save him was by using experimental miniaturization technology. A number of scientists were shrunk to a tiny size and injected into the man’s body to locate the source of the problem and save him.67Over the past several decades, the science of nanotechnology has been developing rapidly, and, just as in the film, it involves working with objects of a very small size.Something very similar to the medial procedure seen in Fantastic Voyage is already being used to help save lives today. Tiny crystals known as“quanturn dots（量子点）”，whose diametersare one thousandth of a human hair, are injected into the body of a cancer patient. 68 Upon finding a tumor, these quantum dots release their medicine, and then light themselves up tso that doctors can see exactly where the cancer cells are.69 We may soon find our everyday lives being affected by it. Are you tired of having to charge the batteries in your mobile devices? Soon, you don’t need to. Scientists are working on solar-cell vests that will absorb energy from the sun as you walk around and provide power for your devices.Eric Drexler, an author and scientist, believes that nanotechnology will lead to a new kind of manufacturing, one in which products are assembled atom by atom. By rearranging atoms, you can turn one kind of molecule into another. For example, a wood molecule can be transformed into a metal molecule. If this is done many times according to a design, a large object such as an ax might eventually be created, just by rearranging atoms. 70 .Although we have already seen its first practical applications, even more dramatic advances will be made in the future.Ⅳ. Surmmary Writing（10 分）Directions：R ead the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.According to an official report on youth violence.“In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence.”Given that this is the case, why aren’t students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. It is reported that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult. For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence.If the conflict occurs, students can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer. Once the student feels calmer. He or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words and accusations only add fuel to the emotional fire while soft words can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After that, they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side: and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterwards, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker’s position. Then the two people should change roles.Finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. An argument doesn’t mean trying to figure out the fault of the other person but means understanding what the real issue is. As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller.（280 words）第Ⅱ卷Ⅴ. Translation（15 分）Directions：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 为了安全起见，小孩不应该被单独留在家里。
(审核版)2017-2018学年高二语文上学期期末联考试题(B类)(新人教版 第33套)
山西省忻州市2017－2018学年高二第一学期期末联考语文试题（B类）本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。
第Ⅰ卷共70分，第Ⅱ卷共80分，满分150分，考试时间为120分钟。
注意事项:1．答题前，考生务必用0.5mm黑色中性笔，将学校名称、姓名、班级、联考证号填写在试题和答题卡上。
2．请把答案做在答题卡上，交卷时只交答题卡，不交试题，答案写在试题上无效。
第I卷阅读题一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分）阅读下面材料，按要求回答1—3题汉字的魅力优于拼音文字①说到汉字，不能不提及世界文明史。
世界的古代文明，可以说就是尼罗河流域的埃及圈，幼发拉底河、底格里斯河流域的美索不达米亚圈，印度河、恒河流域的印度圈，黄河、长江流域的中国圈等四大文明。
这四大文明之中，前三者互相交往而发展，成为近代文明的源流，只有中国几乎未与其它文化产生关联而独自发展出汉字文化圈。
国人对此是充满自豪感的，无论是对汉字的发展历史，还是对汉字所承载的中国独具的文字文明和文化底蕴。
②但是，由于汉字自身的特点所带来的缺陷，如撰文用字多、字型复杂、难记、难读，在过去几十年中，汉字的未来与发展前景便广受汉字文化圈中一些国家的关注和议论。
但肯定的一点是，要想准确把握汉字的功过是非，必须仔细回顾和耐心审视汉字所走过的历程。
写于1988年的《图说汉字的历史》引进出版，该书作者阿辻哲次以“事典”的形式，图文并茂地对汉字发展史上的基本事项进行了简洁却明晰的梳理和叙述，从新石器时代开始到现代的汉字发展史，从前印刷时代的汉字书写工具材料史到汉字印刷的发展史……意在为学习汉字、使用汉字的人提供更多的相关知识，让那些对汉字有成见的人明白：现在就想把拥有四千余年悠久历史、担负着人类文明发展一翼的汉字塞进博物馆里，还为时尚早。
③汉字的表记法从古代到现代是连续发展的，从甲骨文、青铜器文字、篆体字，到隶、行、楷，没有文化断层。
汉字不是拼音文字，而是图形文字，以物的图形为基础而形成文字，例如“山”、“川”、“日”、“月”等。
2017-2018学年七年级(下)期末语文试卷(带答案) (15)
2017-2018学年七年级(下)期末语文试卷(带答案) (15)2017-2018学年度下学期期末学业水平考试七年级语文试题一、积累与运用（20分）1.请找出下面句子中的两个错别字，然后用正楷字将整个句子正确抄写一遍。
（2分）正确抄写：“细雨梨花满地开，腾蛟瀑布缓缓流。
”2.读下面一段文字，为加点的汉字写出准确的读音。
（2分）正确答案：“黄色的树林里分出两条路，可惜我不能同时去涉足（shè），我在那路口久久伫（zhù）立，我向着一条路极目望去，直到它消失在丛林深处。
”3.下列句子中加点词语使用不恰当的一项是（）（2分）正确答案：C.他们怏怏不乐地在XXX的胜利旗帜旁边插上英国国旗。
4.下列各句中没有语病的一项是（）（2分）正确答案：C.XXX先生的品德是值得我们每个人去研究的。
二、阅读理解（30分）一）阅读下面一则短文，回答问题。
（5分）正确答案：1.他们的工作是保持城市环境整洁；2.他们的工作时间很长，每天都要工作12个小时以上。
二）阅读下面一则短文，回答问题。
（5分）正确答案：1.她的父亲是一名钢琴家；2.她在8岁时开始弹钢琴；3.她的老师是一位非常严格的人，但她也很有耐心。
三）阅读下面一则短文，回答问题。
（5分）正确答案：1.他是一位画家；2.他的画风是写实主义；3.他的画作主要描绘了人物和风景。
四）阅读下面一则短文，回答问题。
（5分）正确答案：1.这个人物是一个古代皇帝；2.他的名字是XXX；3.他统一了中国。
五）阅读下面一则短文，回答问题。
（5分）正确答案：1.他们是一些志愿者；2.他们在进行环保活动；3.他们的活动包括清理垃圾和种树等。
三、写作表达（20分）请你根据下面的图片，写一篇不少于80字的短文，描述图片中的情景，并谈谈你的感想。
正确答案：这幅图片展现了一位老人和一位小孩在公园里散步的情景。
老人手里拄着拐杖，小孩则是牵着他的手，两人一同欣赏公园里的风景。
我很欣赏这样的画面，因为它表现了两个不同年龄段的人之间的深厚情感。
浦东新区高二上学期语文期末考试试卷
浦东新区高二上学期语文期末考试试卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、现代文阅读 (共2题；共19分)1. （6分）(2017·涞水模拟) 阅读下面的文字完成小题管仲的经济思想中，最为奇特的一项是鼓励消费，他甚至倡导奢侈，这在古往今来的治国者中可谓仅见，在《管子》一书中就有一篇奇文《侈靡篇》。
中国历代的治国思想向来以倡导节俭为正途，这显然是长期短缺经济的必然产物。
然而管仲却提出“俭则伤事”的观点，在他看来，大家都不消费，就会造成商品流通的减少，从而妨碍生产营利的活动，故曰“伤事”。
（见《管子•乘马》：“俭则金贱，金贱则事不成，故伤事。
”）要如何才能推动消费？他的答案是，多多消费，甚至无比奢侈地去消费。
（见《管子•侈靡》：“问曰：兴时化若何？莫善于侈靡。
”）管仲的这一论述曾经迷惑了此后数千年的中国学者，很多他的信奉者言及于此，要么视而不见，要么顾左右而言他，要么百般替管仲声辩。
直到近世，历史学家郭沫若才给予了合理的解释。
郭氏认为：“他是肯定享乐而反对节约的，他是重视流通而反对轻视商业的，他是主张全面就业而反对消极赈济的，为了能够全面就业，他主张大量消费，甚至主张厚葬。
他的重点是放在大量消费可以促进大量生产这一面。
因而在生产方面该如何进行，如何改进技术之类的话，他就说得很少，几乎可以说没有。
”（郭沫若：《侈靡篇的研究》，《历史研究》1954年第3期。
）管仲倡导奢侈的理由是，“丹砂之穴不塞，则商贾不处。
富者靡之，贫者为之”。
就是说，只要不人为地堵塞利源，商贾就会日夜不息地从事营运而不知休息，而富裕的人只有不断地消费，贫穷的人才有工作可做。
为了强化自己的观点，管仲甚至做过极端的比喻，他建议在煮蛋之前应先加雕绘，在烧柴之前要先加雕刻﹣﹣“雕卵然后瀹之，雕橑然后爨之。
”管仲本人就是一个富足的享乐主义者。
孔子说他的奢侈堪比国君﹣﹣“其侈逼上”，《史记》说他“富拟于公室”。
重庆一中2017-2018学年高一上学期期末考试题+语文+Word版含答案
重庆一中2017-2018学年高一上学期期末考试题+语文+Word版含答案秘密★启用前2018年XXX高2020级高一上期期末考试语文试题卷2018.1注意事项：1.本试卷分为第I卷(阅读题)和第II卷（表达题）两部分。
2.考生务必将自己的考号、姓名、班级填写在答题卡上。
3.作答时，将答案填写在答题卷上相应的题号下面。
写在本试卷上无效。
4.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第I卷阅读题一、现代文阅读（35分）一）（原创）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成13题。
XXX的自然美XXX的美在于真，也就是自然。
这同他的思想、生活和为人是完全一致的。
他作诗不存祈誉之心，生活中有了感触就诉诸笔墨，既无矫情，也不矫饰，一切如实说来，真率而又自然。
《五柳先生传》说：‚尝著文章自娱，颇示己志，忘怀得失。
XXX这表明了他的创作态度。
正如XXXXXX所说：‚渊明所以不可及者，盖无心于非誉、巧拙之间也。
‛XXX爱的是自然，求的是自然，自然就是他最高的美学理想。
XXX说：‚渊明诗所以为高，正在不待安排，胸中自然流出。
‛这些话正道出了陶诗的风格特点。
XXX的诗和生活完整打成一片，他似乎偶然写诗，只是从生活中领悟到一点道理，产生了一种感情，蕴含在心灵深处，一旦受到外力的诱发（如一片光景，一节古书，一件时事），便采取了诗的形式，像泉水一样流溢出来。
XXX以自然本色取胜，它的美是朴素美。
我们在陶诗里很难找到奇特的意象、夸张的手法和华丽的词藻。
如‚种豆南山下‛,‚今日天气佳‛,‚秋菊有佳色‛，全都明白如话，好像绘画中的白描，另有一种使人赏心悦目的韵味。
然而，如果仅仅是朴素平淡，不会产生强烈的艺术效果，陶诗的好处是朴素中见豪华，平淡中有瑰奇。
正如XXX所说，‚外枯而中膏，似澹而实美。
‛XXX所描写的往往是最平常的事物，那些在别人看来平平淡淡的东西，一经诗人笔触，就给人以新鲜的感觉。
如《归园田居》(其五)‚山涧清且浅，可以濯我足。
2017-2018学年高二下学期期末考试语文试题+Word版含答案
2017—2018学年第二学期高二级期末考试语文试题第Ⅰ卷阅读题一、现代文阅读（23分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1~3题。
中国传统社会给人两个相互矛盾的印象：一方面，它十分注重平等；另一方面，它又十分注重纲常伦理，表现出严格的等级秩序。
不过，无论如何解释这种印象，它至少说明在中国传统社会中同时存在人与人之间的平等和差异两个问题。
在西方由正义原则加以处理的人与人之间平等与差异的关系问题在中国社会同样存在，而且同样也需要某种协调机制。
概而言之，从功能的角度看，中国传统社会，特别是在儒家思想中，对这一关系的处理，是通过“仁”“礼”“义”三项基本原则彼此支撑、相互为用实现的。
“仁”是对他人之爱，在儒家的价值体系中处于核心地位，所以孔子说：“志士仁人，无求生以害仁，有杀身以成仁。
”“仁”的基础则是对亲人之爱，所谓“仁者人也，亲亲为大”。
孟子进一步指出：“孩提之童，无不知爱其亲者；……亲亲，仁也。
”并且孟子认为，这种爱的基础，是“不忍人之心”，即同情心。
同情即同样的感情，是“人同此心，心同此理”这一心理事实的体现。
因此，“仁”的生发机制，是一个推己及人，由近及远的过程，即把对亲人之爱扩展为对邻人之爱，再扩展到对天下人之爱，也就是孟子所说的：“老吾老，以及人之老；幼吾幼，以及人之幼。
”与“仁”所体现的“合和”精神不同，“礼”强调的是人与人之间尊卑贵贱（纵向）、亲疏厚薄（横向）的差秩格局和纲常秩序，反映“别”与“分”的一面。
“礼”在儒家思想中的重要地位是一个众人皆知的事实，“礼，国之干也。
”“礼”提供了一套基本的政治架构，对中国传统社会的稳定有序具有举足轻重的作用，后者因此也被称为“礼治社会”。
儒家强调“礼”治，但目的不是造成一个等级森严、上下隔阂的社会，而是通过“礼”的规范与约束，实现社会的和谐和睦。
用以平衡“仁”与“礼”的就是“义”的原则。
在中国传统文献中，“义”是一个含义比较丰富的概念。