大学英语4学习资料。
大学英语4学习资料。
Explanation
A. act as a lawyer (for an accused person) in criminal proceedings B. maintain against argument or hostile criticism C. prevent something from failing, stopping, or being taken away
3) With us you could argue about why your errors were not errors, why mediocre work really was excellent… A. The recipe works just as well you use cheese instead of butter. B. The teacher should make sure that each child has a piece of work displayed on the wall. C. There has been an increase in the number of Explanation people looking for work. A. have the desired result or effect
Part Three: Further Development >> Enriching Your Word Power
8) Neusner believes that in college we are trained to think that “failure leaves no record” because we can supposedly get away with mistakes easily. A. There’s a meeting after work, but I should be able to get away by seven. B. We’re hoping to get away to Scotland for a few days this summer. C. The thieves got away with jewelry worth over $50,000.√Expl Nhomakorabeanation
大学英语4学习资料
The American system of higher education include vocational or technical schools that offer short-term programs of several months to two years of specialized training resulting in various types of certificates. Community or junior colleges are another option, and most offer a variety of certificate and two-year associate degree programs. Four year colleges and universities offer bachelors degrees and, in the case of universities with graduate schools, masters and doctoral (PhD) degrees. Professional schools, often located within universities, offer advanced degrees in fields such as medicine, law, and pharmacology.
9
Part Two: In-C I
The speakers at a commencement ceremony normally include the salutatorian (致辞的学生代表) and alumnus (校友) of the institution, possibly a well-known speaker not necessarily associated with the institution, and the valedictorian (致告 别辞者), often the top graduate of the year.
大学英语四级复习资料·整理版
实用文档文案大全大学英语四级复习资料 Mr.Cp滴水渐累成沧海，拳石频移成泰山祝大家顺利过级目录第一部分.听力部分 (2)第二部分.最新英语四级高频词汇 (23)第三部分.四级阅读笔记 (31)第四部分.完形填空做题技巧 (36)第五部分.翻译经典练习 (38).第六部分.写作七类精彩句型 (40)第七部分.写作必备模板和句型 (42)第八部分.综合技能训练 (45)第九部分.作文训练 (73)第十部分.英语谚语警句 (85)资料说明：本复习资料非教材用书。
复习资料主要收集了四级听力、阅读、词汇、作文等一些英语四级相关的技巧、方法和内容，主要提供给有需要考四级的同学自己复习所用。
1滴水渐累成沧海，拳石频移成泰山祝大家顺利过级第一部分.听力部分一、听力内容1．Section A 对话短对话 (5分02秒) 8个对话： 4分12秒长对话 (5分58秒)Conversation 1 (4 questions)：对话内容（1分45秒）＋问题（1分25秒）Conversation 2 (3 questions)：对话内容（1分45秒）＋问题（1分02秒）2．Section B 短文(10分05秒)Directions： 35秒Passage 1 (3 questions)：文章内容（1分25秒）＋问题（1分10秒）Passage 2 (3 questions)：文章内容（2分25秒）＋问题（1分10秒）Passage 3 (4 questions)：文章内容（1分45秒）＋问题（1分55秒）3．Section C 复合式听写 (11分20秒)Directions： 45秒第一遍： 2分10秒第二遍：第一句停顿：1分05秒第二句停顿：1分35秒第三句停顿：1分15秒第三遍：2分10秒（以上时间根据文章内容会有所变化）二、听力技巧四级听力一直困扰着我们每一位考生，听不懂磁带中的内容是什么，不知道该如何选择，而听力在英语四级考试中又占很大一部分比重，掌握好英语四级听力技巧才能快速提高英语成绩，以下总结出几点有关英语四级听力技巧。
大学英语4级水平(4000词汇量)必备学习
美式论文、报告写作技巧编者按：美式教育的特点即是课程内容强调学生参与及创新运用，因此，报告便成了常见的考核学生学习成果的方式，比如实验报告、学期报告、专题报告、研究报告及论文（含毕业论文）等。
研究生presentation 及seminar 的机会更是占很大的比重，有些甚至占学期成绩很大比例。
如何完成报告、论文同时得到良好的成绩，是本文提供给有志留学的有心人参考的目的。
美国大学生由於自小已养成自动寻找答案习惯，在启发式的教育环境下，写报告、论文对他们来说比较不陌生，虽然专业知识上美国学生不见得比外籍学生强，但是表达能力由於自小培养，加上英语能力的优势，常比外籍学生在报告、论文方面有较隹的利基。
反之中国学生比较缺乏报告写作的训练，因此如果在留学过程中无法适应美式教育会比较辛苦，其实论文、报告的写作要领其实不难，只要把握技巧就可水到渠成。
通常论文由篇首(Preliminaries)，本文(Texts)以及参考资料(References)三部分构成；而这三大部分各自内容如下：(一) 篇首：封面(Title)序言(Preface)谢词(Acknowledge)提要(Summary)目录(Tables and Appendixes)(二) 本文：引言(Introduction)主体，含篇(Part)、章(Chapter)、节(Section) 、以及注释(Footnotes)(三)参考资料：参考书目(References or Bibliography)附录资料(Appendix)。
进行论文或报告写作之前，先要确定想要表达的主题，主题确定后，将其具体表达，即为题目。
题目可以提供研究者：一.研究的方向二.研究的范围三.资料搜集的范围四.预期研究成果通常在确定题目之後就开始找资料从事研究，建议在找资料之前最好去问教授有哪些参考资料来源可供参考引用。
构思为确定写作大纲或Proposal 的先前步骤，大纲是论文、报告的骨干，Proposal 是研究的架构、流程及范围的说明书。
大学英语4课件ppt课件ppt课件
Speaking
focus on fluency and accuracy, including topics such as opinions, discussions and presentations.
Writing
practice writing different types of texts, such as essays, letters and reports.
Understanding transitional phrases
Understanding how different parts of the article are connected through transitional phrases or sentences.
Recognizing the conclusion
Non-finite verbs function as adjectives or adverbs in a sentence, modifying a noun or verb, respectively. They often convey a specific meaning or nuance that is different from the base verb form.
02
Grammar knowledge
大学英语四级复习资料·整理版-英语4级复习
实用文档文案大全大学英语四级复习资料 Mr.Cp滴水渐累成沧海，拳石频移成泰山祝大家顺利过级目录第一部分.听力部分 (2)第二部分.最新英语四级高频词汇 (23)第三部分.四级阅读笔记 (31)第四部分.完形填空做题技巧 (36)第五部分.翻译经典练习 (38).第六部分.写作七类精彩句型 (40)第七部分.写作必备模板和句型 (42)第八部分.综合技能训练 (45)第九部分.作文训练 (73)第十部分.英语谚语警句 (85)资料说明：本复习资料非教材用书。
复习资料主要收集了四级听力、阅读、词汇、作文等一些英语四级相关的技巧、方法和内容，主要提供给有需要考四级的同学自己复习所用。
1滴水渐累成沧海，拳石频移成泰山祝大家顺利过级第一部分.听力部分一、听力内容1．Section A 对话短对话 (5分02秒) 8个对话： 4分12秒长对话 (5分58秒)Conversation 1 (4 questions)：对话内容（1分45秒）＋问题（1分25秒）Conversation 2 (3 questions)：对话内容（1分45秒）＋问题（1分02秒）2．Section B 短文(10分05秒)Directions： 35秒Passage 1 (3 questions)：文章内容（1分25秒）＋问题（1分10秒）Passage 2 (3 questions)：文章内容（2分25秒）＋问题（1分10秒）Passage 3 (4 questions)：文章内容（1分45秒）＋问题（1分55秒）3．Section C 复合式听写 (11分20秒)Directions： 45秒第一遍： 2分10秒第二遍：第一句停顿：1分05秒第二句停顿：1分35秒第三句停顿：1分15秒第三遍：2分10秒（以上时间根据文章内容会有所变化）二、听力技巧四级听力一直困扰着我们每一位考生，听不懂磁带中的内容是什么，不知道该如何选择，而听力在英语四级考试中又占很大一部分比重，掌握好英语四级听力技巧才能快速提高英语成绩，以下总结出几点有关英语四级听力技巧。
CET4资料大全（完整版）大学英语四级考试最新最全资料
CET4资料大全（完整版）大学英语四级考试最新最全资料CET-4资料大全（完整版）大学英语四级考试最新最全资料CET-4词汇篇大学英语四级CET-4同义词辨析1.这些单词都有“缩短”的意思。
abbreviate 缩短、缩写一般用来表示消减字母，把词汇变成缩写词或通过删节把文章变短，或表示通过减少环节来缩短做某事的时间。
常用被动式。
The ceremony was abbreviated by rain. 因为下雨，仪式从简。
compress 压缩、浓缩一般用来表示压缩文章的长度但不减其信息量。
而abbreviate表示对文章进行“删节”这一含义时候，含有牺牲一定信息量的意思。
The film compresses several years into half an hour 电影将几年前的事情浓缩到半小时里表现。
condense 浓缩，压缩用来表示文章、讲演等的压缩或缩短，只保留最重要的部分。
用于物则指提高浓度或减小体积等。
When water is taken out of milk, the milk becomes condensed. 将水分从牛奶中提炼出来牛奶就浓缩了。
shorten 弄短、缩短。
一般指物体、长度、时间、距离等的缩短。
The new highway shortens the trip from Wuhan to Shang hai.这条新公路缩短了从武汉到上海的路程。
今天的作业：用今天学的单词填空，翻译句子He _______ his speech to half its original length.答案：condensed 他将发言压缩到原来的一半2.这些单词都有“服从、遵守”的意思。
abide 服从，遵守。
着重指“不折不扣地服从或遵守（法律、法规、诺言等）”。
常与by 连用，表示一个人的立场和态度。
If you join the club you must abide by its rules.如果你加入俱乐部必须遵守规定。
现代大学英语精读4 复习资料.doc
Unit 11.我知道，不管发生什么情况，我都可以依靠兄弟的支持。
I know I could rely on my brother to stand by me whatever happened.2.一般说来，年轻一代与老一辈不同，他们对现在而不是对过去更感兴趣。
但这两代人如果不互相尊重对方的需要，就都会遭受损失。
As a rule, the younger generation tends to be more interested in the present rather than the past unlike the older generation, but both generations will stand to lose if they do not respect the other's needs.3.中国的书面文字是国家完整统一的一个重要因素。
The Chinese written language has been a major factor for integrating the whole nation.4.在中国的传统艺术和文学中，竹子和松树往往象征着道德上的正直和刚正不阿。
In traditional Chinese art and literature, the bamboo and the pine tree always symbolize moral integrity and uprightness.5.女皇伊丽莎白一世统治英国45年。
在她统治时期，国家十分繁荣昌盛。
Queen Elizabeth the First ruled England for 45 years, and the nation prospered under her rule.6.民主意味着多数人来治理；但不仅如此，尊重少数人反对的权利也是民主不可分的一部分。
这两条规则同等重要。
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Writing and Translation
1. Translation
Knowing About Translation Translation
2. Writing Writing
Part Four: Writing and Translation >> Translation
Knowing About Translation
句子成分转换
由于英、汉语言结构的差异，翻译时往往不能逐字 逐句对应地进行，需要作结构调整，即句子成分转 换，以保证译文的流畅。句子成分转换主要体现在 以下几个方面
：
1.主语的转换 >> 2.状语的转换 >> 3.定语的转换 >>
Part Four: Writing and Translation >> Translation
my abuse转译成谓语动词）
Part Four: Writing and Translation >> Translation
1.3 主语译成状语 例(1) Pictures show him in the company of men like Churchill, Einstein and Gandhi.
1.主语的转换
1.1 主语译成宾语：主要用于英语被动句译成汉语时。 例 (1) He is admired by everybody.
大家都很钦佩他。（主语he译成宾语）
例 (2) As the match burns, heat and light are given off. 火柴燃烧时发出光和热。（主语heat and light译
对教授们来说，考试是评估学生掌握了多少知识的最为简易 的方法，至少在比较大的班级是如此。
Part Four: Writing and Translation >> Translation
4) Far from an open-book test, real life is a test that you can never get fully ready for and you can, by no means, retake it.
However, I don't quite agree with you. Firstly, the purposes of finals are to show how students are getting on with their studies, help them find their weaknesses and have a better grasp of what they have learned. If one works hard at other times, one shouldn't be afraid of finals.
Part Four: Writing and Translation >> Translation
6) Failure and success, ups and downs are characteristic of real life, which is not easy as one would assume.
从民意测验中我们了解到，除了环境问题，美 国人最为担忧的另一件事是他们的健康。
Part Four: Writing and Translation >> Translation
2.状语的转换
例 (1) Since the invention of the transistor at the Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1948, it has found its way into varied applications in the commercial, industrial and military fields.
现实生活远非一场开卷考，它是一场你永远都无法完全准备 好的考试，而且你根本无法补考。
5) In real life, we can’t anticipate what will happen tomorrow and don’t know what should be prepared for.
在现实生活中，我们无法预测明天会发生什么，也不知道该 准备些什么。
理解、应用概念和记住那些考试一结束就会忘的一干二净 的事实，这两者之间有着明确的区别。
Part Four: Writing and Translation >> Translation
2) Especially in technical areas, things are changing so rapidly that the most one can hope to get out of an undergraduate education is the ability to learn. For that, memorizing facts will not be nearly as useful as gaining the ability to apply them in relevant situation.
To be continued
Part Four: Writing and Translation >> Translation
我不愿为自己的行为承担责任，对于才到手 的不受父母管制的独立和自由，随心所欲地 享用，两者加起来确保了我的得分低于及格 线，使我的圣诞节一片漆黑。（主语my refusal,
应当始终注意保护仪器，不使其沾染灰尘和受潮。
（主语care转译成谓语动词）
例(2) My refusal to claim responsibility for my actions and my abuse of newly gained independence and freedom from parental rule had combined to ensure my marks were below the passing grade and to make my Christmas black.
雅各布· 诺伊斯纳认为大学经历使得我们认为： “失败不会留下任何记录”· · · · · · （主语we译成宾语）
例(4) About halfway through my final year of high school, I was hounded by my parents to enroll in university.
译成主语）
Part Four: Writing and Translation >> Translation
3.定语的转换
英语中具有动词意义的名词构成的短语，修饰名词
时经常转译成状语.
例 (1) He drew a deep breath.
他深深地吸了一口气。（其中定语deep转译成状语）
例 (2) The mountaineers took a good rest before they set off up to the top of the mountain again.
成宾语）
Part Four: Writing and Translation >> Translation
例(3) Jacob Neusner argues that we have been made to believe, according to our college experience, that “failure leaves no record”...
Part Four: Writing and Translation >> Writing
Sample
Dear friend,
After I read your essay "Those College Finals", some questions pop into my mind. You said that the most miserable moment of a college student's life is during final exam week, that real life is an open-book test, and that real life is much easier than college life.
在这些照片中我们可以看到他和丘吉尔、爱因斯 坦、甘地这些人在一起。（主语pictures转译成状语）
例(2) Opinion polls let us know that, besides the environment, another thing Americans worry most about is their health.
自从1948年贝尔电话研究所发明晶体管以来， 商业、工业和军事各个领域都广泛应用了这 一发明。（状语in the commercial, industrial and
militaryWriting and Translation >> Translation
例(2) It can be seen in the results of the experiment that the new approach is much better than what we had tried before.
实验结果表明，新的方法比我们所尝试过的 要好得多。（状语in the results of the experiment转
成功失败，起起落落，这些都是现 实生活的特征，它并非如人们所猜 想的那么容易。
Part Four: Writing and Translation >> Writing