C语言程序设计第五版-谭浩强-课后习题答案-完整版
(完整版)谭浩强c程序设计课后习题答案
谭浩强c++程序设计课后答案娄警卫第一章1.5题#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main(){cout<<"This"<<"is"; cout<<"a"<<"C++"; cout<<"program."; return 0;1.6题#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main(){int a,b,c;a=10;b=23;c=a+b;cout<<"a+b="; cout<<c;cout<<endl;return 0;}1.7七题#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main(){int a,b,c;int f(int x,int y,int z); cin>>a>>b>>c;c=f(a,b,c);cout<<c<<endl; return 0;}int f(int x,int y,int z) {int m;if (x<y) m=x;else m=y;if (z<m) m=z;return(m);}1.8题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int a,b,c;cin>>a>>b;c=a+b;cout<<"a+b="<<a+b<<endl; return 0;}1.9题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int a,b,c;int add(int x,int y); cin>>a>>b;c=add(a,b);cout<<"a+b="<<c<<endl; return 0;}int add(int x,int y){int z;z=x+y;return(z);}第二章2.3题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){char c1='a',c2='b',c3='c',c4='\101',c5='\116'; cout<<c1<<c2<<c3<<'\n';cout<<"\t\b"<<c4<<'\t'<<c5<<'\n';return 0;}2.4题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){char c1='C',c2='+',c3='+';cout<<"I say: \""<<c1<<c2<<c3<<'\"';cout<<"\t\t"<<"He says: \"C++ is very interesting!\""<< '\n';return 0;}2.7题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int i,j,m,n;i=8;j=10;m=++i+j++;n=(++i)+(++j)+m;cout<<i<<'\t'<<j<<'\t'<<m<<'\t'<<n<<endl; return 0;}2.8题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){char c1='C', c2='h', c3='i', c4='n', c5='a';c1+=4;c2+=4;c3+=4;c4+=4;c5+=4;cout<<"password is:"<<c1<<c2<<c3<<c4<<c5<<endl;return 0;}第三章3.2题#include <iostream>#include <iomanip>using namespace std;int main ( ){float h,r,l,s,sq,vq,vz;const float pi=3.1415926;cout<<"please enter r,h:";cin>>r>>h;l=2*pi*r;s=r*r*pi;sq=4*pi*r*r;vq=3.0/4.0*pi*r*r*r;vz=pi*r*r*h;cout<<setiosflags(ios::fixed)<<setiosflags(ios:: right)<<setprecision(2);cout<<"l= "<<setw(10)<<l<<endl;cout<<"s= "<<setw(10)<<s<<endl;cout<<"sq="<<setw(10)<<sq<<endl;cout<<"vq="<<setw(10)<<vq<<endl;cout<<"vz="<<setw(10)<<vz<<endl;return 0;}3.3题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){float c,f;cout<<"请输入一个华氏温度:";cin>>f;c=(5.0/9.0)*(f-32); //注意5和9要用实型表示,否则5/9值为0cout<<"摄氏温度为:"<<c<<endl;return 0;};3.4题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main ( ){char c1,c2;cout<<"请输入两个字符c1,c2:";c1=getchar(); //将输入的第一个字符赋给c1c2=getchar(); //将输入的第二个字符赋给c2cout<<"用putchar函数输出结果为:"; putchar(c1);putchar(c2);cout<<endl;cout<<"用cout语句输出结果为:";cout<<c1<<c2<<endl;return 0;}3.4题另一解#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main ( ){char c1,c2;cout<<"请输入两个字符c1,c2:";c1=getchar(); //将输入的第一个字符赋给c1c2=getchar(); //将输入的第二个字符赋给c2cout<<"用putchar函数输出结果为:"; putchar(c1);putchar(44);putchar(c2);cout<<endl;cout<<"用cout语句输出结果为:";cout<<c1<<","<<c2<<endl;return 0;}3.5题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main ( ){char c1,c2;int i1,i2; //定义为整型cout<<"请输入两个整数i1,i2:";cin>>i1>>i2;c1=i1;c2=i2;cout<<"按字符输出结果为:"<<c1<<" , "<<c2<<endl;return 0;}3.8题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main ( ){ int a=3,b=4,c=5,x,y;cout<<(a+b>c && b==c)<<endl;cout<<(a||b+c && b-c)<<endl;cout<<(!(a>b) && !c||1)<<endl;cout<<(!(x=a) && (y=b) && 0)<<endl;cout<<(!(a+b)+c-1 && b+c/2)<<endl; return 0;}3.9题include <iostream>using namespace std;int main ( ){int a,b,c;cout<<"please enter three integer numbers:";cin>>a>>b>>c;if(a<b)if(b<c)cout<<"max="<<c;elsecout<<"max="<<b;else if (a<c)cout<<"max="<<c;elsecout<<"max="<<a;cout<<endl;return 0;}3.9题另一解#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main ( ){int a,b,c,temp,max ;cout<<"please enter three integer numbers:";cin>>a>>b>>c;temp=(a>b)?a:b; /* 将a和b中的大者存入temp中*/max=(temp>c)?temp:c; /* 将a和b中的大者与c比较，最大者存入max*/cout<<"max="<<max<<endl;return 0;}3.10题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main ( ){int x,y;cout<<"enter x:";cin>>x;if (x<1){y=x;cout<<"x="<<x<<", y=x="<<y;}else if (x<10) // 1≤x＜10{y=2*x-1;cout<<"x="<<x<<", y=2*x-1="<<y;}else// x≥10{y=3*x-11;cout<<"x="<<x<<",y=3*x-11="<<y;}cout<<endl;return 0;}3.11题#include <iostream>using namespace std; int main (){float score;char grade;cout<<"please enter score of student:"; cin>>score;while (score>100||score<0){cout<<"data error,enter data again.";cin>>score;}switch(int(score/10)){case 10:case 9: grade='A';break;case 8: grade='B';break;case 7: grade='C';break;case 6: grade='D';break;default:grade='E';}cout<<"score is "<<score<<", grade is "<<grade<<endl;return 0;}3.12题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){long int num;intindiv,ten,hundred,thousand,ten_thousand,pla ce;/*分别代表个位,十位,百位,千位,万位和位数*/cout<<"enter an integer(0~99999):"; cin>>num;if (num>9999)place=5;else if (num>999)place=4;else if (num>99)place=3;else if (num>9)place=2;else place=1;cout<<"place="<<place<<endl;//计算各位数字ten_thousand=num/10000;thousand=(int)(num-ten_thousand*10000)/1 000;hundred=(int)(num-ten_thousand*10000-tho usand*1000)/100;ten=(int)(num-ten_thousand*10000-thousan d*1000-hundred*100)/10;indiv=(int)(num-ten_thousand*10000-thousa nd*1000-hundred*100-ten*10);cout<<"original order:";switch(place){case5:cout<<ten_thousand<<","<<thousand<<","< <hundred<<","<<ten<<","<<indiv<<endl;cout<<"reverse order:";cout<<indiv<<ten<<hundred<<thousand<<ten _thousand<<endl;break;case4:cout<<thousand<<","<<hundred<<","<<ten <<","<<indiv<<endl;cout<<"reverse order:";cout<<indiv<<ten<<hundred<<thousand<<en dl;break;case3:cout<<hundred<<","<<ten<<","<<indiv<<en dl;cout<<"reverse order:";cout<<indiv<<ten<<hundred<<endl;break;case 2:cout<<ten<<","<<indiv<<endl;cout<<"reverse order:";cout<<indiv<<ten<<endl;break;case 1:cout<<indiv<<endl;cout<<"reverse order:";cout<<indiv<<endl;break;}return 0;}3.13题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){ long i; //i为利润floatbonus,bon1,bon2,bon4,bon6,bon10;bon1=100000*0.1; //利润为10万元时的奖金bon2=bon1+100000*0.075; //利润为20万元时的奖金bon4=bon2+100000*0.05; //利润为40万元时的奖金bon6=bon4+100000*0.03; //利润为60万元时的奖金bon10=bon6+400000*0.015; //利润为100万元时的奖金cout<<"enter i:";cin>>i;if (i<=100000)bonus=i*0.1;//利润在10万元以内按10%提成奖金else if (i<=200000)bonus=bon1+(i-100000)*0.075; //利润在10万元至20万时的奖金else if (i<=400000)bonus=bon2+(i-200000)*0.05; //利润在20万元至40万时的奖金else if (i<=600000)bonus=bon4+(i-400000)*0.03; //利润在40万元至60万时的奖金else if (i<=1000000)bonus=bon6+(i-600000)*0.015; //利润在60万元至100万时的奖金elsebonus=bon10+(i-1000000)*0.01; //利润在100万元以上时的奖金cout<<"bonus="<<bonus<<endl;return 0;}3.13题另一解#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){long i;float bonus,bon1,bon2,bon4,bon6,bon10; int c;bon1=100000*0.1;bon2=bon1+100000*0.075;bon4=bon2+200000*0.05;bon6=bon4+200000*0.03;bon10=bon6+400000*0.015;cout<<"enter i:";cin>>i;c=i/100000;if (c>10) c=10;switch(c){case 0: bonus=i*0.1; break;case 1: bonus=bon1+(i-100000)*0.075; break;case 2:case3:bonus=bon2+(i-200000)*0.05;break;case 4:case5:bonus=bon4+(i-400000)*0.03;break;case 6:case 7:case 8:case 9: bonus=bon6+(i-600000)*0.015; break;case 10: bonus=bon10+(i-1000000)*0.01;}cout<<"bonus="<<bonus<<endl;return 0;}3.14题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){int t,a,b,c,d;cout<<"enter four numbers:";cin>>a>>b>>c>>d;cout<<"a="<<a<<", b="<<b<<", c="<<c<<",d="<<d<<endl;if (a>b){t=a;a=b;b=t;}if (a>c){t=a; a=c; c=t;}if (a>d){t=a; a=d; d=t;}if (b>c){t=b; b=c; c=t;}if (b>d){t=b; b=d; d=t;}if (c>d){t=c; c=d; d=t;}cout<<"the sorted sequence:"<<endl;cout<<a<<", "<<b<<", "<<c<<", "<<d<<endl; return 0;}3.15题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){int p,r,n,m,temp;cout<<"please enter two positive integer numbers n,m:";cin>>n>>m;if (n<m){temp=n;n=m;m=temp; //把大数放在n中, 小数放在m中}p=n*m; //先将n和m的乘积保存在p中, 以便求最小公倍数时用while (m!=0) //求n和m的最大公约数{r=n%m;n=m;m=r;}cout<<"HCF="<<n<<endl;cout<<"LCD="<<p/n<<endl; // p是原来两个整数的乘积return 0;}3.16题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){char c;int letters=0,space=0,digit=0,other=0;cout<<"enter one line::"<<endl;while((c=getchar())!='\n'){if (c>='a' && c<='z'||c>='A' && c<='Z')letters++;else if (c==' ')space++;else if (c>='0' && c<='9')digit++;elseother++;}cout<<"letter:"<<letters<<", space:"<<space<<", digit:"<<digit<<", other:"<<other<<endl;return 0;}3.17题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){int a,n,i=1,sn=0,tn=0;cout<<"a,n=:";cin>>a>>n;while (i<=n){tn=tn+a; //赋值后的tn为i个a 组成数的值sn=sn+tn; //赋值后的sn为多项式前i项之和a=a*10;++i;}cout<<"a+aa+aaa+...="<<sn<<endl;return 0;}3.18题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){float s=0,t=1;int n;for (n=1;n<=20;n++){t=t*n; // 求n!s=s+t; // 将各项累加}cout<<"1!+2!+...+20!="<<s<<endl;return 0;}3.19题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){int i,j,k,n;cout<<"narcissus numbers are:"<<endl;for (n=100;n<1000;n++){i=n/100;j=n/10-i*10;k=n%10;if (n == i*i*i + j*j*j + k*k*k)cout<<n<<" ";}cout<<endl;return 0;}3.20题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){const int m=1000; // 定义寻找范围int k1,k2,k3,k4,k5,k6,k7,k8,k9,k10;int i,a,n,s;for (a=2;a<=m;a++) // a是2~1000之间的整数，检查它是否为完数{n=0; // n用来累计a的因子的个数s=a; // s用来存放尚未求出的因子之和，开始时等于afor (i=1;i<a;i++) // 检查i是否为a 的因子if (a%i==0) // 如果i是a的因子{n++; // n加1，表示新找到一个因子s=s-i; // s减去已找到的因子，s的新值是尚未求出的因子之和switch(n) // 将找到的因子赋给k1,...,k10{case 1:k1=i; break; // 找出的笫1个因子赋给k1case 2:k2=i; break; // 找出的笫2个因子赋给k2case 3:k3=i; break; // 找出的笫3个因子赋给k3case 4:k4=i; break; // 找出的笫4个因子赋给k4case 5:k5=i; break; // 找出的笫5个因子赋给k5case 6:k6=i; break; // 找出的笫6个因子赋给k6case 7:k7=i; break; // 找出的笫7个因子赋给k7case 8:k8=i; break; // 找出的笫8个因子赋给k8case 9:k9=i; break; // 找出的笫9个因子赋给k9case 10:k10=i; break; // 找出的笫10个因子赋给k10}}if (s==0) // s=0表示全部因子都已找到了{cout<<a<<" is a 完数"<<endl;cout<<"its factors are:";if (n>1) cout<<k1<<","<<k2; // n>1表示a至少有2个因子if (n>2) cout<<","<<k3; // n>2表示至少有3个因子，故应再输出一个因子if (n>3) cout<<","<<k4; // n>3表示至少有4个因子，故应再输出一个因子if (n>4) cout<<","<<k5; // 以下类似if (n>5) cout<<","<<k6;if (n>6) cout<<","<<k7;if (n>7) cout<<","<<k8;if (n>8) cout<<","<<k9;if (n>9) cout<<","<<k10;cout<<endl<<endl;}}return 0;}3.20题另一解#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int m,s,i;for (m=2;m<1000;m++){s=0;for (i=1;i<m;i++)if ((m%i)==0) s=s+i;if(s==m){cout<<m<<" is a完数"<<endl;cout<<"its factors are:";for (i=1;i<m;i++)if (m%i==0) cout<<i<<" ";cout<<endl;}}return 0;}3.20题另一解#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int k[11];int i,a,n,s;for (a=2;a<=1000;a++){n=0;s=a;for (i=1;i<a;i++)if ((a%i)==0){n++;s=s-i;k[n]=i; // 将找到的因子赋给k[1]┅k[10]}if (s==0){cout<<a<<" is a 完数"<<endl;cout<<"its factors are:";for (i=1;i<n;i++)cout<<k[i]<<" ";cout<<k[n]<<endl;}}return 0;}3.21题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int i,t,n=20;double a=2,b=1,s=0;for (i=1;i<=n;i++){s=s+a/b;t=a;a=a+b; // 将前一项分子与分母之和作为下一项的分子b=t; // 将前一项的分子作为下一项的分母}cout<<"sum="<<s<<endl;return 0;} 3.22题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int day,x1,x2;day=9;x2=1;while(day>0){x1=(x2+1)*2; // 第1天的桃子数是第2天桃子数加1后的2倍x2=x1;day--;}cout<<"total="<<x1<<endl;return 0;}3.23题#include <iostream>#include <cmath>using namespace std;int main(){float a,x0,x1;cout<<"enter a positive number:"; cin>>a; // 输入a的值x0=a/2;x1=(x0+a/x0)/2;do{x0=x1;x1=(x0+a/x0)/2;}while(fabs(x0-x1)>=1e-5);cout<<"The square root of "<<a<<" is "<<x1<<endl;return 0;}3.24题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int i,k;for (i=0;i<=3;i++) // 输出上面4行*号{for (k=0;k<=2*i;k++)cout<<"*"; // 输出*号cout<<endl; //输出完一行*号后换行}for (i=0;i<=2;i++) // 输出下面3行*号{for (k=0;k<=4-2*i;k++)cout<<"*"; // 输出*号cout<<endl; // 输出完一行*号后换行}return 0;}3.25题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){char i,j,k; /* i是a的对手;j是b的对手;k是c的对手*/for (i='X';i<='Z';i++)for (j='X';j<='Z';j++)if (i!=j)for (k='X';k<='Z';k++)if (i!=k && j!=k)if (i!='X' && k!='X' && k!='Z')cout<<"A--"<<i<<"B--"<<j<<" C--"<<k<<endl;return 0;}第四章4.1题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int hcf(int,int);int lcd(int,int,int);int u,v,h,l;cin>>u>>v;h=hcf(u,v);cout<<"H.C.F="<<h<<endl;l=lcd(u,v,h);cout<<"L.C.D="<<l<<endl;return 0;}int hcf(int u,int v){int t,r;if (v>u){t=u;u=v;v=t;}while ((r=u%v)!=0){u=v;v=r;}return(v);}int lcd(int u,int v,int h){return(u*v/h);}4.2题#include <iostream>#include <math.h>using namespace std;float x1,x2,disc,p,q;int main(){void greater_than_zero(float,float); void equal_to_zero(float,float);void smaller_than_zero(float,float); float a,b,c;cout<<"input a,b,c:";cin>>a>>b>>c;disc=b*b-4*a*c;cout<<"root:"<<endl;if (disc>0){greater_than_zero(a,b);cout<<"x1="<<x1<<",x2="<<x2<<endl; }else if (disc==0){equal_to_zero(a,b);cout<<"x1="<<x1<<",x2="<<x2<<endl;}else{smaller_than_zero(a,b);cout<<"x1="<<p<<"+"<<q<<"i"<<endl;cout<<"x2="<<p<<"-"<<q<<"i"<<endl;}return 0;}void greater_than_zero(float a,float b) /* 定义一个函数，用来求disc>0时方程的根*/{x1=(-b+sqrt(disc))/(2*a);x2=(-b-sqrt(disc))/(2*a);}void equal_to_zero(float a,float b) /* 定义一个函数，用来求disc=0时方程的根*/{x1=x2=(-b)/(2*a);}void smaller_than_zero(float a,float b) /* 定义一个函数，用来求disc<0时方程的根*/{p=-b/(2*a);q=sqrt(-disc)/(2*a);}4.3题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int prime(int); /* 函数原型声明*/int n;cout<<"input an integer:";cin>>n;if (prime(n))cout<<n<<" is a prime."<<endl;elsecout<<n<<" is not a prime."<<endl;return 0;}int prime(int n){int flag=1,i;for (i=2;i<n/2 && flag==1;i++)if (n%i==0)flag=0;return(flag);}4.4题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int fac(int);int a,b,c,sum=0;cout<<"enter a,b,c:";cin>>a>>b>>c;sum=sum+fac(a)+fac(b)+fac(c);cout<<a<<"!+"<<b<<"!+"<<c<<"!="<<sum<<e ndl;return 0;}int fac(int n){int f=1;for (int i=1;i<=n;i++)f=f*i;return f;}4.5题#include <iostream>#include <cmath>using namespace std;int main(){double e(double);double x,sinh;cout<<"enter x:";cin>>x;sinh=(e(x)+e(-x))/2;cout<<"sinh("<<x<<")="<<sinh<<endl;return 0;}double e(double x){return exp(x);}4.6题#include <iostream>#include <cmath>using namespace std;int main(){doublesolut(double ,double ,double ,double ); double a,b,c,d;cout<<"input a,b,c,d:";cin>>a>>b>>c>>d;cout<<"x="<<solut(a,b,c,d)<<endl;return 0;}double solut(double a,double b,double c,double d){double x=1,x0,f,f1;do{x0=x;f=((a*x0+b)*x0+c)*x0+d;f1=(3*a*x0+2*b)*x0+c;x=x0-f/f1;}while(fabs(x-x0)>=1e-5);return(x);}4.7题#include <iostream>#include <cmath>using namespace std;int main(){void godbaha(int);int n;cout<<"input n:";cin>>n;godbaha(n);return 0;}void godbaha(int n){int prime(int);int a,b;for(a=3;a<=n/2;a=a+2){if(prime(a)){b=n-a;if (prime(b))cout<<n<<"="<<a<<"+"<<b<<endl;}}}int prime(int m){int i,k=sqrt(m);for(i=2;i<=k;i++)if(m%i==0) break;if (i>k) return 1;else return 0;}4.8题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int x,n;float p(int,int);cout<<"input n & x:";cin>>n>>x;cout<<"n="<<n<<",x="<<x<<endl;;cout<<"P"<<n<<"(x)="<<p(n,x)<<endl; return 0;}float p(int n,int x){if (n==0)return(1);else if (n==1)return(x);elsereturn(((2*n-1)*x*p((n-1),x)-(n-1)*p((n-2),x))/n);}4.9题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){void hanoi(int n,char one,char two,char three);int m;cout<<"input the number of diskes:"; cin>>m;cout<<"The steps of moving "<<m<<" disks:"<<endl;hanoi(m,'A','B','C');return 0;}void hanoi(int n,char one,char two,char three) //将n个盘从one座借助two座，移到three座{void move(char x,char y);if(n==1) move(one,three);else{hanoi(n-1,one,three,two);move(one,three);hanoi(n-1,two,one,three);}}void move(char x,char y){cout<<x<<"-->"<<y<<endl;}4.10题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){void convert(int n);int number;cout<<"input an integer:";cin>>number;cout<<"output:"<<endl;if (number<0){cout<<"-";number=-number;}convert(number);cout<<endl;return 0;}void convert(int n){int i;char c;if ((i=n/10)!=0)convert(i);c=n%10+'0';cout<<" "<<c;}4.11题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int f(int);int n,s;cout<<"input the number n:";cin>>n;s=f(n);cout<<"The result is "<<s<<endl;return 0;}int f(int n){;if (n==1)return 1;elsereturn (n*n+f(n-1));}4.12题#include <iostream>#include <cmath>using namespace std;#define S(a,b,c) (a+b+c)/2#define AREA(a,b,c)sqrt(S(a,b,c)*(S(a,b,c)-a)*(S(a,b,c)-b)*(S(a,b,c) -c))int main(){float a,b,c;cout<<"input a,b,c:";cin>>a>>b>>c;if (a+b>c && a+c>b && b+c>a)cout<<"area="<<AREA(a,b,c)<<endl; elsecout<<"It is not a triangle!"<<endl; return 0;}4.14题#include <iostream>using namespace std;//#define LETTER 1int main(){char c;cin>>c;#if LETTERif(c>='a' && c<='z')c=c-32;#elseif(c>='A' && c<='Z')c=c+32;#endifcout<<c<<endl;return 0;}4.15题#include <iostream>using namespace std;#define CHANGE 1int main(){char ch[40];cout<<"input text:"<<endl;;gets(ch);#if (CHANGE){for (int i=0;i<40;i++){if (ch[i]!='\0')if (ch[i]>='a'&& ch[i]<'z'||ch[i]>'A'&& ch[i]<'Z')ch[i]+=1;else if (ch[i]=='z'||ch[i]=='Z')ch[i]-=25;}}#endifcout<<"output:"<<endl<<ch<<endl;return 0;}4.16题file#include <iostream>using namespace std;int a;int main(){extern int power(int);int b=3,c,d,m;cout<<"enter an integer a and its power m:"<<endl;cin>>a>>m;c=a*b;cout<<a<<"*"<<b<<"="<<c<<endl;d=power(m);cout<<a<<"**"<<m<<"="<<d<<endl; return 0;}4.16题fileextern int a;int power(int n){int i,y=1;for(i=1;i<=n;i++)y*=a;return y;}第五章5.1题#include <iostream>#include <iomanip>using namespace std;#include <math.h>int main(){int i,j,n,a[101];for (i=1;i<=100;i++)a[i]=i;a[1]=0;for (i=2;i<sqrt(100);i++)for (j=i+1;j<=100;j++){if(a[i]!=0 && a[j]!=0)if (a[j]%a[i]==0)a[j]=0; }cout<<endl;for (i=1,n=0;i<=100;i++){if (a[i]!=0){cout<<setw(5)<<a[i]<<" ";n++;}if(n==10){cout<<endl;n=0;}}cout<<endl;return 0;}5.2题#include <iostream>using namespace std;//#include <math.h>int main(){int i,j,min,temp,a[11];cout<<"enter data:"<<endl;for (i=1;i<=10;i++){cout<<"a["<<i<<"]=";cin>>a[i]; //输入10个数}cout<<endl<<"The original numbers:"<<endl;;for (i=1;i<=10;i++)cout<<a[i]<<" "; // 输出这10个数cout<<endl;;for (i=1;i<=9;i++) //以下8行是对10个数排序{min=i;for (j=i+1;j<=10;j++)if (a[min]>a[j]) min=j;temp=a[i]; //以下3行将a[i+1]～a[10]中最小者与a[i] 对换a[i]=a[min];a[min]=temp;}cout<<endl<<"The sorted numbers:"<<endl;for (i=1;i<=10;i++) // 输出已排好序的10个数cout<<a[i]<<" ";cout<<endl;return 0;}5.3题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int a[3][3],sum=0;int i,j;cout<<"enter data:"<<endl;;for (i=0;i<3;i++)for (j=0;j<3;j++)cin>>a[i][j];for (i=0;i<3;i++)sum=sum+a[i][i];cout<<"sum="<<sum<<endl;return 0;}5.4题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int a[11]={1,4,6,9,13,16,19,28,40,100};int num,i,j;cout<<"array a:"<<endl;for (i=0;i<10;i++)cout<<a[i]<<" ";cout<<endl;;cout<<"insert data:";cin>>num;if (num>a[9])a[10]=num;else。
c语言程序设计第五版谭浩强习题答案第三章课后答案
c语⾔程序设计第五版谭浩强习题答案第三章课后答案第三章最简单的C程序设计 ----顺序程序设计1、假如我国国民⽣产总值的年增长率为7%，计算10年后我国国民⽣产总值与现在相⽐增长多少百分⽐。
计算公式为$p = (1+r)^n$ ,其中r为年增长率，n为年数，p为与现在相⽐的倍数。
题⽬解析:此题的关键主要是利⽤数学库math中pow函数进⾏计算，若不熟悉可以查阅帮助⽂档，查看pow函数的⽤法。
代码⽰例:#include<stdio.h>#include <math.h>int main(){Cfloat p, r, n;r = 0.07;n = 10;p = pow(1 + r, n);printf("p=%f\n", p);return 0;}运⾏结果:2、存款利息的计算。
有1000元，想存5年，可按以下5种办法存：（1）⼀次存5年期（2）先存2年期，到期后将本息再存3年期（3）先存3年期，到期后将本息再存2年期（4）存1年期，到期后将本息再存1年期，连续存5次（5）存活期存款，活期利息每⼀季度结算⼀次2017年银⾏存款利息如下：1年期定期存款利息为1.5%;2年期定期存款利息为2.1%;3年期定期存款利息为2.75%;5年期定期存款利息为3%;活期存款利息为0.35%(活期存款每⼀-季度结算⼀-次利息)如果r为年利率，n为存款年数，则计算本息的公式如下：1年期本息和: P= 1000* (1+r);n年期本息和: P= 1000* (1+n* r);存n次1年期的本息和: $P=1000* (1+r)^n$;活期存款本息和: P= 1000 *(1+$\frac{r}{4}$)$^{4n}$;说明: 1000*(1+$\frac{r}{4}$)是⼀个季度的本息和。
题⽬解析:理解题意很关键，其次就是利⽤数学库math中pow函数进⾏幂次⽅计算代码⽰例:#include<stdio.h>#include <math.h>int main(){float r5, r3, r2, r1, r0, p, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5;p = 1000;r5 = 0.0585;r3 = 0.054;r2 = 0.0468;r1 = 0.0414;r0 = 0.0072;p1 = p*((1 + r5) * 5); // ⼀次存5年期p2 = p*(1 + 2 * r2)*(1 + 3 * r3); // 先存2年期，到期后将本息再存3年期p3 = p*(1 + 3 * r3)*(1 + 2 * r2); // 先存3年期，到期后将本息再存2年期p4 = p*pow(1 + r1, 5); // 存1年期，到期后将本息存再存1年期，连续存5次p5 = p*pow(1 + r0 / 4, 4 * 5); // 存活期存款。
谭浩强C语言程序设计习题答案
谭浩强C语言程序设计习题参考答案第一章1.6main(){int a,b,c,max;printf("input three numbers:\n");scanf("%d,%d,%d",&a,&b,&c);max=a;if(max<b)max=b;if(max<c)max=c;printf("max=%d",max);}第二章2.3(1)(10)10=(12)8=(a)16(2)(32)10=(40)8=(20)16(3)(75)10=(113)8=(4b)16(4)(-617)10=(176627)8=(fd97)16(5)(-111)10=(177621)8=(ff91)16(6)(2483)10=(4663)8=(963)16(7)(-28654)10=(110022)8=(9012)16(8)(21003)10=(51013)8=(520b)162.6aabb (8)cc (8)abc(7)AN2.7main(){char c1='C',c2='h',c3='i',c4='n',c5='a';c1+=4, c2+=4, c3+=4, c4+=4, c5+=4;printf("%c%c%c%c%c\n",c1,c2,c3,c4,c5);}2.8main(){int c1,c2;c1=97;c2=98;printf("%c %c",c1,c2);}2.9(1)=2.5(2)=3.52.109,11,9,102.12(1)24 (2)10 (3)60 (4)0 (5)0 (6)0第三章3.4main(){int a,b,c;long int u,n;float x,y,z;char c1,c2;a=3;b=4;c=5;x=1.2;y=2.4;z=-3.6;u=51274;n=128765;c1='a';c2='b';printf("\n");printf("a=%2d b=%2d c=%2d\n",a,b,c);printf("x=%8.6f,y=%8.6f,z=%9.6f\n",x,y,z);printf("x+y=%5.2f y+z=%5.2f z+x=%5.2f\n",x+y,y+z,z+x);printf("u=%6ld n=%9ld\n",u,n);printf("c1='%c'or %d(ASCII)\n",c1,c1);printf("c2='%c'or %d(ASCII)\n",c2,c2);}3.5575 767.856400,-789.12396267.856400,-789.12396267.86 -789.12,67.856400,-789.123962,67.856400,-789.1239626.785640e+001,-7.89e+002A,65,101,411234567,4553207,d68765535,177777,ffff,-1COMPUTER, COM3.6a=3 b=7/x=8.5 y=71.82/c1=A c2=a/3.710 20Aa1.5 -3.75 +1.4,67.8/(空3)10(空3)20Aa1.5(空1)-3.75(空1)(随意输入一个数），67.8回车3.8main(){float pi,h,r,l,s,sq,sv,sz;pi=3.1415926;printf("input r,h\n");scanf("%f,%f",&r,&h);l=2*pi*r;s=r*r*pi;sq=4*pi*r*r;sv=4.0/3.0*pi*r*r*r;sz=pi*r*r*h;printf("l=%6.2f\n",l);printf("s=%6.2f\n",s);printf("sq=%6.2f\n",sq);printf("vq=%6.2f\n",sv);printf("vz=%6.2f\n",sz);}3.9main(){float c,f;scanf("%f",&f);c=(5.0/9.0)*(f-32);printf("c=%5.2f\n",c);}3.10#include"stdio.h"main(){char c1,c2;scanf("%c,%c",&c1,&c2);putchar(c1);putchar(c2);printf("\n");printf("%c%c\n",c1,c2);}第四章4.3(1)0 (2)1 (3)1 (4)0 (5)1 4.4main(){int a,b,c;scanf("%d,%d,%d",&a,&b,&c); if(a<b)if(b<c)printf("max=%d\n",c);elseprintf("max=%d\n",b);else if(a<c)printf("max=%d\n",c);elseprintf("max=%d\n",a);}main(){int a,b,c,temp,max;scanf("%d,%d,%d",&a,&b,&c);temp=(a>b)?a:b;max=(c>temp)?c:temp;printf("max=%d",max);}4.5main(){int x,y;scanf("%d",&x);if(x<1)y=x;else if(x<10)y=2*x-1;else y=3*x-11;printf("y=%d",y);}4.6main(){int score,temp,logic;char grade;logic=1;while(logic){scanf("%d",&score);if(score>=0&&score<=100)logic=0; }if(score==100)temp=9;elsetemp=(score-score%10)/10;switch(temp){case 9:grade='A';break;case 8:grade='B';break;case 7:grade='C';break;case 6:grade='D';break;case 5:case 4:case 3:case 2:case 1:case 0:grade='E';}printf("score=%d,grade=%c",score,grade);}4.7main(){long int num;int indiv,ten,hundred,thousand,ten_thousand,place;scanf("%ld",&num);if(num>9999) place=5;else if(num>999) place=4;else if(num>99) place=3;else if(num>9) place=2;else place=1;printf("place=%d\n",place);ten_thousand=num/10000;thousand=(num-ten_thousand*10000)/1000;hundred=(num-ten_thousand*10000-thousand*1000)/100;ten=(num-ten_thousand*10000-thousand*1000-hundred*100)/10;indiv=num-ten_thousand*10000-thousand*1000-hundred*100-ten*10;switch(place){case 5:printf("%d,%d,%d,%d,%d\n",ten_thousand,thousand,hundred,ten,indiv);printf("%d,%d,%d,%d,%d\n",indiv,ten,hundred,thousand,ten_thousand);break;case 4:printf("%d,%d,%d,%d\n",thousand,hundred,ten,indiv);printf("%d,%d,%d,%d\n",indiv,ten,hundred,thousand);break;case 3:printf("%d,%d,%d\n",hundred,ten,indiv);printf("%d,%d,%d\n",indiv,ten,hundred);break;case 2:printf("%d,%d\n",ten,indiv);printf("%d,%d\n",indiv,ten);break;case 1:printf("%d\n",indiv);printf("%d\n",indiv);}}4.8main(){long i;float bonus,bon1,bon2,bon4,bon6,bon10;bon1=100000*0.1;bon2=bon1+100000*0.075;bon4=bon2+200000*0.05;bon6=bon4+200000*0.03;bon10=bon6+400000*0.015;scanf("%ld",&i);if(i<=1e5)bonus=i*0.1;else if(i<=2e5)bonus=bon1+(i-100000)*0.075; else if(i<=4e5)bonus=bon2+(i-200000)*0.05; else if(i<=6e5)bonus=bon4+(i-400000)*0.03; else if(i<=1e6)bonus=bon6+(i-600000)*0.015; else bonus=bon10+(i-1000000)*0.01;printf("bonus=%10.2f",bonus);}main(){long i;float bonus,bon1,bon2,bon4,bon6,bon10;int branch;bon1=100000*0.1;bon2=bon1+100000*0.075;bon4=bon2+200000*0.05;bon6=bon4+200000*0.03;bon10=bon6+400000*0.015;scanf("%ld",&i);branch=i/100000;if(branch>10)branch=10;switch(branch){case 0:bonus=i*0.1;break;case 1:bonus=bon1+(i-100000)*0.075;break; case 2:case 3:bonus=bon2+(i-200000)*0.05;break; case 4:case 5:bonus=bon4+(i-400000)*0.03;break; case 6:case 7case 8:case 9:bonus=bon6+(i-600000)*0.015;break; case 10:bonus=bon10+(i-1000000)*0.01;}printf("bonus=%10.2f",bonus);}4.9main(){int t,a,b,c,d;scanf("%d,%d,%d,%d",&a,&b,&c,&d);if(a>b){t=a;a=b;b=t;}if(a>c){t=a;a=c;c=t;}if(a>d){t=a;a=d;d=t;}if(b>c){t=b;b=c;c=t;}if(b>d){t=b;b=d;d=t;}if(c>d){t=c;c=d;d=t;}printf("%d %d %d %d\n",a,b,c,d);}4.10main(){int h=10;float x,y,x0=2,y0=2,d1,d2,d3,d4;scanf("%f,%f",&x,&y);d1=(x-x0)*(x-x0)+(y-y0)*(y-y0);d2=(x-x0)*(x-x0)+(y+y0)*(y+y0);d3=(x+x0)*(x+x0)+(y-y0)*(y-y0);d4=(x+x0)*(x+x0)+(y+y0)*(y+y0);if(d1>1&&d2>1&&d3>1&&d4>1)h=0;printf("h=%d",h);}第五章循环控制5.1main(){int a,b,num1,num2,temp;scanf("%d,%d",&num1,&num2);if(num1<num2){temp=num1;num1=num2;num2=temp;}a=num1;b=num2;while(b!=0){temp=a%b;a=b;b=temp;}printf("%d\n",a);printf("%d\n",num1*num2/a);}5.2#include"stdio.h"main(){char c;int letters=0,space=0,digit=0,other=0;while((c=getchar())!='\n'){if(c>='a'&&c<='z'||c>='A'&&c<='Z') letters++;else if(c==' ')space++;else if(c>='0'&&c<='9')digit++;else other++;}printf("letters=%d\nspace=%d\ndigit=%d\nother=%d\n",letters,space,digit,other); }main(){int a,n,count=1,sn=0,tn=0;scanf("%d,%d",&a,&n);while(count<=n){tn+=a;sn+=tn;a*=10;++count;}printf("a+aa+aaa+...=%d\n",sn);}5.4main(){float n,s=0,t=1;for(n=1;n<=20;n++){t*=n;s+=t;}printf("s=%e\n",s);}5.5main(){int N1=100,N2=50,N3=10;float k;float s1=0,s2=0,s3=0;for(k=1;k<=N1;k++)s1+=k;for(k=1;k<=N2;k++)s2+=k*k;for(k=1;k<=N3;k++)s3+=1/k;printf("s=%8.2f\n",s1+s2+s3);}5.6main(){int i,j,k,n;for(n=100;n<1000;n++){i=n/100;j=n/10-i*10;k=n%10;if(i*100+j*10+k==i*i*i+j*j*j+k*k*k) printf("n=%d\n",n);}}5.7#define M 1000{int k0,k1,k2,k3,k4,k5,k6,k7,k8,k9; int i,j,n,s;for(j=2;j<=M;j++){n=0;s=j;for(i=1;i<j;i++){if((j%i)==0){n++;s=s-i;switch(n){case 1:k0=i;break;case 2:k1=i;break;case 3:k2=i;break;case 4:k3=i;break;case 5:k4=i;break;case 6:k5=i;break;case 7:k6=i;break;case 8:k7=i;break;case 9:k8=i;break;case 10:k9=i;break;}}}if(s==0){printf("j=%d\n",j);if(n>1)printf("%d,%d",k0,k1);if(n>2)printf(",%d",k2);if(n>3)printf(",%d",k3);if(n>4)printf(",%d",k4);if(n>5)printf(",%d",k5);if(n>6)printf(",%d",k6);if(n>7)printf(",%d",k7);if(n>8)printf(",%d",k8);if(n>9)printf(",%d\n",k9);}}}main(){static int k[10];int i,j,n,s;for(j=2;j<=1000;j++){n=-1;s=j;for(i=1;i<j;i++){if((j%i)==0){n++;s=s-i;k[n]=i;}}if(s==0){printf("j=%d\n",j);for(i=0;i<n;i++)printf("%d,",k[i]);printf("%d\n",k[n]);}}}5.8main(){int n,t,number=20;float a=2;b=1;s=0;for(n=1;n<=number;n++) {s=s+a/b;t=a,a=a+b,b=t;}printf("s=%9.6f\n",s);}5.9main(){float sn=100.0,hn=sn/2; int n;for(n=2;n<=10;n++) {sn=sn+2*hn;hn=hn/2;}printf("sn=%f\n",sn);printf("hn=%f\n",hn);}5.10main(){int day,x1,x2;day=9;x2=1;while(day>0){x1=(x2+1)*2;x2=x1;day--;}printf("x1=%d\n",x1);}5.11#include"math.h"main(){float a,xn0,xn1;scanf("%f",&a);xn0=a/2;xn1=(xn0+a/xn0)/2;do{xn0=xn1;xn1=(xn0+a/xn0)/2;}while(fabs(xn0-xn1)>=1e-5);printf("a=%5.2f\n,xn1=%8.2f\n",a,xn1); }5.12#include"math.h"main(){float x,x0,f,f1;x=1.5;do{x0=x;f=((2*x0-4)*x0+3)*x0-6;f1=(6*x0-8)*x0+3;x=x0-f/f1;}while(fabs(x-x0)>=1e-5);printf("x=%6.2f\n",x);}5.13#include"math.h"main(){float x0,x1,x2,fx0,fx1,fx2;do{scanf("%f,%f",&x1,&x2);fx1=x1*((2*x1-4)*x1+3)-6;fx2=x2*((2*x2-4)*x2+3)-6;}while(fx1*fx2>0);do{x0=(x1+x2)/2;fx0=x0*((2*x0-4)*x0+3)-6;if((fx0*fx1)<0){x2=x0;fx2=fx0;}else{x1=x0;fx1=fx0;}}while(fabs(fx0)>=1e-5);printf("x0=%6.2f\n",x0);}5.14main(){int i,j,k;for(i=0;i<=3;i++){for(j=0;j<=2-i;j++)printf(" ");for(k=0;k<=2*i;k++)printf("*");printf("\n");}for(i=0;i<=2;i++){for(j=0;j<=i;j++)printf(" ");for(k=0;k<=4-2*i;k++)printf("*");printf("\n");}}5.15main(){char i,j,k;for(i='x';i<='z';i++)for(j='x';j<='z';j++){if(i!=j)for(k='x';k<='z';k++){if(i!=k&&j!=k){if(i!='x'&&k!='x'&&k!='z')printf("\na--%c\tb--%c\tc--%c\n",i,j,k);}}}}第六章数组6.1#include <math.h>#define N 101main(){ int i,j,line,a[N];for (i=2;i<N;i++) a[i]=i; for (i=2;i<sqrt(N);i++)for (j=i+1;j<N;j++){if(a[i]!=0 && a[j]!=0)if (a[j]%a[i]==0)a[j]=0; }printf("\n");for (i=2,line=0;i<N;i++) { if(a[i]!=0){ printf("%5d",a[i]);line++; }if(line==10){ printf("\n");line=0; }}}6.2#define N 10main(){int i,j,min,temp,a[N];for(i=0;i<N;i++)scanf("%d",&a[i]);for(i=0;i<N-1;i++){min=i;for(j=i+1;j<N;j++)if(a[min]>a[j])min=j;temp=a[i];a[i]=a[min];a[min]=temp;}for(i=0;i<N;i++)printf("%5d",a[i]);}6.3main(){float a[3][3],sum;int i,j;for(i=0;i<3;i++)for(j=0;j<3;j++){scanf("%f",&sum);a[i][j]=sum;}for(i=0;i<3;i++)sum=sum+a[i][i];printf("sum=%f",sum);}6.4main(){int a[11]={1,4,6,9,13,16,19,28,40,100}; int temp1,temp2,number, end,i,j;scanf("%d",&number);end=a[9];if(number>end) a[10]=number;else{for(i=0;i<10;i++){if(a[i]>number){temp1=a[i];a[i]=number;for(j=i+1;j<11;j++){temp2=a[j];a[j]=temp1;temp1=temp2;}break;}}}for(i=0;i<11;i++)printf("%6d",a[i]);}6.5#define N 5main(){int a[N]={8,6,5,4,1},i,temp;for(i=0;i<N/2;i++){temp=a[i];a[i]=a[N-i-1];a[N-i-1]=temp;}for(i=0;i<N;i++)printf("%4d",a[i]);}6.6#define N 11main(){int i,j,a[N][N];for(i=1;i<N;i++){a[i][i]=1;a[i][1]=1;}for(i=3;i<N;i++)for(j=2;j<i;j++)a[i][j]=a[i-1][j-1]+a[i-1][j];for(i=1;i<N;i++){for(j=1;j<=i;j++)printf("%6d",a[i][j]);printf("\n");}}6.7main(){int a[16][16],i,j,k,p,m,n;p=1;while(p==1){scanf("%d",&n);if((n!=0)&&(n<=15)&&(n%2!=0))p=0; }for(i=1;i<=n;i++)for(j=1;j<=n;j++)a[i][j]=0;j=n/2+1;a[1][j]=1;for(k=2;k<=n*n;k++){i=i-1;j=j+1;if((i<1)&&(j>n)){i=i+2;j=j-1;}else{if(i<1)i=n;if(j>n)j=1;}if(a[i][j]==0)a[i][j]=k;else{i=i+2;j=j-1;a[i][j]=k;}}for(i=1;i<=n;i++){for(j=1;j<=n;j++)printf("%3d",a[i][j]);printf("\n");}}6.8#define N 10#define M 10main(){int i,j,k,m,n,flag1,flag2,a[N][M],max,maxi,maxj; scanf("%d,%d",&n,&m);for(i=0;i<n;i++)for(j=0;j<m;j++)scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);flag2=0;for(i=0;i<n;i++){max=a[i][0];for(j=0;j<m;j++)if(max<a[i][j]){max=a[i][j];maxj=j;}for(k=0,flag1=1;k<n&&flag1;k++)if(max>a[k][maxj])flag1=0;if(flag1){ printf("\na[%d][%d]=%d\n",i,maxj,max);flag2=1;}}if(!flag2) printf("NOT");}6.9#include<stdio.h>#define N 15main(){int i,j,number,top,bott,min,loca,a[N],flag;char c;for(i=0;i<=N;i++)scanf("%d",&a[i]);flag=1;while(flag){scanf("%d",&number);loca=0;top=0;bott=N-1;if((number<a[0])||(number>a[N-1]))loca=-1;while((loca==0)&&(top<=bott)){min=(bott+top)/2;if(number==a[min]){loca=min;printf("number=%d,loca=%d\n",number,loca+1);}else if(number<a[min])bott=min-1;elsetop=min+1;}if(loca==0||loca==-1)printf("%d not in table\n",number);printf("continue Y/N or y/n\n");c=getchar();if(c=='N'||c=='n')flag=0;}}6.10main(){int i,j,uppn,lown,dign,span,othn;char text[3][80];uppn=lown=dign=span=othn=0;for(i=0;i<3;i++){gets(text[i]);for(j=0;j<80&&text[i][j]!='\0';j++){if(text[i][j]>='A'&&text[i][j]<='Z')uppn++;else if(text[i][j]>='a'&&text[i][j]<='z')lown++;else if(text[i][j]>='0'&&text[i][j]<='9')dign++;else if(text[i][j]==' ')span++;elseothn++;}}for(i=0;i<3;i++)printf("%s\n",text[i]);printf("uppn=%d\n",uppn);printf("lown=%d\n",lown);printf("dign=%d\n",dign);printf("span=%d\n",span);printf("othn=%d\n",othn);}6.11main(){static char a[5]={'*','*','*','*','*'};int i,j,k;char space=' ';for(i=0;i<=5;i++){printf("\n");for(j=1;j<=3*i;j++)printf("%1c",space);for(k=0;k<=5;k++)printf("%3c",a[k]);}}6.12#include<stdio.h>main(){int i,n;char ch[80],tran[80];gets(ch);i=0;while(ch[i]!='\0'){if((ch[i]>='A')&&(ch[i]<='Z'))tran[i]=26+64-ch[i]+1+64;else if((ch[i]>='a')&&(ch[i]<='z'))tran[i]=26+96-ch[i]+1+96;elsetran[i]=ch[i];i++;}n=i;for(i=0;i<n;i++)putchar(tran[i]);}6.13main(){char s1[80],s2[40];int i=0,j=0;scanf("%s",s1);scanf("%s",s2);while(s1[i]!='\0')i++;while(s2[j]!='\0')s1[i++]=s2[j++];s1[i]='\0';printf("s=%s\n",s1);}6.14#include<stdio.h>main(){int i,resu;char s1[100],s2[100];gets(s1);gets(s2);i=0;while((s1[i]==s2[i])&&(s1[i]!='\0'))i++;if(s1[i]=='\0'&&s2[i]=='\0')resu=0;elseresu=s1[i]-s2[i];printf("s1=%s,s2=%s,resu=%d\n",s1,s2,resu); }6.15#include"stdio.h"main(){char from[80],to[80];;int i;scanf("%s",from);for(i=0;i<=strlen(from);i++)to[i]=from[i];printf("%s\n",to);}第七章7.1hcf(u,v)int u,v;{int a,b,t,r;if(u>v){t=u;u=v;v=t;}a=u;b=v;while((r=b%a)!=0){b=a;a=r;}return(a);}lcd(u,v,h)int u,v,h;{return(u*v/h);}main(){int u,v,h,l;scanf("%d,%d",&u,&v);h=hcf(u,v);printf("H.C.F=%d\n",h);l=lcd(u,v,h);printf("L.C.D=%d\n",l);}7.2#include"math.h"float x1,x2,disc,p,q;greater_than_zero(a,b)float a,b;{x1=(-b+sqrt(disc))/(2*a);x2=(-b-sqrt(disc))/(2*a);}equal_to_zero(a,b)flaot a,b;{x1=x2=-b/(2*a);}smaller_than_zero(a,b)float a,b;{p=-b/(2*a);q=sqrt(-disc)/(2*a);}main(){float a,b,c;scanf("%f,%f,%f",&a,&b,&c);disc=b*b-4*a*c;if(fabs(disc)<=1e-5){equal_to_zero(a,b);printf("x1=%5.2f\tx2=%5.2f\n",x1,x2); }else if(disc>0){greater_than_zero(a,b);printf("x1=%5.2f\tx2=%5.2f\n",x1,x2); }else{smaller_than_zero(a,b);printf("x1=%5.2f+%5.2fi\tx2=%5.2f-%5.2fi\n",p,q,p,q); }}7.3main(){int number;scanf("%d",&number);if(prime(number))printf("yes");elseprintf("no");}int prime(number)int number;{int flag=1,n;for(n=2;n<number/2&&flag==1;n++)if(number%n==0)flag=0;return(flag);}7.4#define N 3int array[N][N];convert(array)int array[3][3];{int i,j,t;for(i=0;i<N;i++)for(j=i+1;j<N;j++){t=array[i][j];array[i][j]=array[j][i];array[j][i]=t;}}main(){int i,j;for(i=0;i<N;i++)for(j=0;j<N;j++)scanf("%d",&array[i][j]);convert(array);for(i=0;i<N;i++){printf("\n");for(j=0;j<N;j++)printf("%5d",array[i][j]);}}7.5main(){char str[100];scanf("%s",str);inverse(str);printf("%s\n",str);}inverse(str)char str[];{char t;int i,j;for(i=0,j=strlen(str);i<strlen(str)/2;i++,j--) {t=str[i];str[i]=str[j-1];str[j-1]=t;}}7.6char concate(str1,str2,str)char str1[],str2[],str[];{int i,j;for(i=0;str1[i]!='\0';i++)str[i]=str1[i];for(j=0;str2[j]!='\0';j++)str[i+j]=str2[j];str[i+j]='\0';}main(){char s1[100],s2[100],s[100];scanf("%s",s1);scanf("%s",s2);concate(s1,s2,s);printf("\ns=%s",s);}7.7main(){char str[80],c[80];void cpy();gets(str);cpy(str,c);printf("\n%s\n",c);}void cpy(s,c)char s[],c[];{int i,j;for(i=0,j=0;s[i]!='\0';i++)if(s[i]=='a'||s[i]=='A'||s[i]=='e'||s[i]=='E'||s[i]=='i'||s[i]=='I'||s[i]=='o'||s[i]=='O'||s[i]=='u'||s[i]=='U'){c[j]=s[i];j++;}c[j]='\0';}7.8main(){char str[80];scanf("%s",str);insert(str);}insert(str)char str[];{int i;for(i=strlen(str);i>0;i--){str[i*2]=str[i];str[i*2-1]=' ';}printf("%s\n",str);}7.9int alph,digit,space,others;main(){char text[80];gets(text);alph=0,digit=0,space=0,others=0;count(text);printf("\nalph=%d,digit=%d,space=%d,others=%d\n",alph,digit,space,others); }count(str)char str[];{int i;for(i=0;str[i]!='\0';i++)if((str[i]>='a'&&str[i]<='z')||(str[i]>='A'&&str[i]<='Z'))alph++;else if(str[i]>='0'&&str[i]<='9')digit++;else if(strcmp(str[i],' ')==0)space++;elseothers++;}7.10int alph(c)char c;{if((c>='a'&&c<='z')||(c>='A'&&c<='Z')) return(1);elsereturn(0);}int longest(string)char string[];{int len=0,i,length=0,flag=1,place,point; for(i=0;i<=strlen(string);i++)if(alph(string[i]))if(flag){point=i;flag=0;}elselen++;else{flag=1;if(len>length){length=len;place=point;len=0;}}return(place);}main(){int i;char line[100];gets(line);for(i=longest(line);alph(line[i]);i++) printf("%c",line[i]);printf("\n");}7.11#define N 10char str[N];main(){int i,flag;for(flag=1;flag==1;){scanf("%s",str);if(strlen(str)>N)printf("input error");elseflag=0;}sort(str);for(i=0;i<N;i++)printf("%c",str[i]);}sort(str)char str[N];{int i,j;char t;for(j=1;j<N;j++)for(i=0;(i<N-j)&&(str[i]!='\0');i++)if(str[i]>str[i+1]){t=str[i];str[i]=str[i+1];str[i+1]=t;}}7.12#include<math.h>float solut(a,b,c,d)float a,b,c,d;{float x=1,x0,f,f1;do{x0=x;f=((a*x0+b)*x0+c)*x0+d;f1=(3*a*x0+2*b)*x0+c;x=x0-f/f1;}while(fabs(x-x0)>=1e-5);return(x);}main(){float a,b,c,d;scanf("%f,%f,%f,%f",&a,&b,&c,&d); printf("x=%10.7f\n",solut(a,b,c,d)); }7.13main(){int x,n;scanf("%d,%d",&n,&x);printf("P%d(%d)=%10.2f\n",n,x,p(n,x));}float p(tn,tx)int tn,tx;{if(tn==0)return(1);else if(tn==1)return(tx);elsereturn(((2*tn-1)*tx*p((tn-1),tx)-(tn-1)*p((tn-2),tx))/tn); }7.14#define N 10#define M 5float score[N][M];float a_stu[N],a_cor[M];main(){int i,j,r,c;float h;float s_diff();float highest();r=0;c=1;input_stu();avr_stu();avr_cor();printf("\n number class 1 2 3 4 5 avr");for(i=0;i<N;i++){printf("\nNO%2d",i+1);for(j=0;j<M;j++)printf("%8.2f",score[i][j]);printf("%8.2f",a_stu[i]);}printf("\nclassavr");for(j=0;j<M;j++)printf("%8.2f",a_cor[j]);h=highest(&r,&c);printf("\n\n%8.2f %d %d\n",h,r,c);printf("\n %8.2f\n",s_diff());}input_stu(){int i,j;for(i=0;i<N;i++){for(j=0;j<M;j++){scanf("%f",&x);score[i][j]=x;}}}avr_stu(){int i,j;float s;for(i=0;i<N;i++){for(j=0,s=0;j<M;j++)s+=score[i][j];a_stu[i]=s/5.0;}}avr_cor(){int i,j;float s;for(j=0;j<M;j++){for(i=0,s=0;i<N;i++)s+=score[i][j];a_cor[j]=s/(float)N;}}float highest(r,c)int *r,*c;{float high;int i,j;high=score[0][0];for(i=0;i<N;i++)for(j=0;j<M;j++)if(score[i][j]>high){high=score[i][j];*r=i+1;*c=j+1;}return(high);}float s_diff(){int i,j;float sumx=0.0,sumxn=0.0; for(i=0;i<N;i++){sumx+=a_stu[i]*a_stu[i];sumxn+=a_stu[i];}return(sumx/N-(sumxn/N)*(sumxn/N)); }7.15#include<stdio.h>#define N 10void input_e(num,name)int num[];char name[N][8];{int i;for(i=0;i<N;i++){scanf("%d",&num[i]);gets(name[i]);}}void sort(num,name)int num[];char name[N][8];{int i,j,min,temp1;char temp2[8];for(i=0;i<N-1;i++){min=i;for(j=i;j<N;j++)if(num[min]>num[j])min=j;temp1=num[i];num[i]=num[min];num[min]=temp1;strcpy(temp2,name[i]);strcpy(name[i],name[min]);strcpy(name[min],temp2);}for(i=0;i<N;i++)printf("\n%5d%10s",num[i],name[i]); }void search(n,num,name)int n,num[];char name[N][8];{int top,bott,min,loca;loca=0;top=0;bott=N-1;if((n<num[0])||(n>num[N-1]))while((loca==0)&&(top<=bott)){min=(bott+top)/2;if(n==num[min]){loca=min;printf("number=%d,name=%s\n",n,name[loca]);}else if(n<num[min])bott=min-1;elsetop=min+1;}if(loca==0||loca==-1)printf("number=%d is not in table\n",n);}main(){int num[N],number,flag,c,n;char name[N][8];input_e(num,name);sort(num,name);for(flag=1;flag;){scanf("%d",&number);search(number,num,name);printf("continue?Y/N!");c=getchar();if(c=='N'||c=='n')flag=0;}}7.16#include<stdio.h>#define MAX 1000main(){int c,i,flag,flag1;char t[MAX];i=0;flag=0;flag1=1;while((c=getchar())!='\0'&&i<MAX&&flag1){if(c>='0'&&c<='9'||c>='A'&&c<='F'||c>='a'&&c<='f') {flag=1;t[i++]=c;}else if(flag)printf("\nnumber=%d\n",htoi(t));printf("continue?");c=getchar();if(c=='n'||c=='N')flag1=0;else{flag=0;i=0;}}}}htoi(s)char s[];{int i,n;n=0;for(i=0;s[i]!='\0';i++){if(s[i]>='0'&&s[i]<='9')n=n*16+s[i]-'0';if(s[i]>='a'&&s[i]<='f')n=n*16+s[i]-'a'+10;if(s[i]>='A'&&s[i]<='F')n=n*16+s[i]-'A'+10;}return(n);}7.17#include<stdio.h>void convert(n)int n;{int i;if((i=n/10)!=0)convert(i);putchar(n%10+'0');}main(){int number;scanf("%d",&number);if(number<0){putchar('-');number=-number;}convert(number);}7.18main(){int year,month,day;int days;scanf("\n%d,%d,%d",&year,&month,&day);days=sum_day(month,day);if(leap(year)&&(month>=3))days+=1;printf("days=%d\n",days);}static int day_tab[13]={0,31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31} int sum_day(month,day)int month,day;{int i;for(i=1;i<month;i++)day+=day_tab[i];return(day);}int leap(year)int year;{int leap;leap=year%4==0&&year%100!=0||year%400==0;return(leap);}第八章编译预处理8.1#define SW AP(a,b) t=b;b=a;a=tmain(){int a,b,t;scanf("%d,%d",&a,&b);SWAP(a,b);printf("a=%d\tb=%d\n",a,b);}8.2#define SURPLUS(a,b) ((a)%(b))main(){int a,b;scanf("%d,%d",&a,&b);printf("%d",SURPLUS(a,b));}8.3#include"math.h"#define S(a,b,c) ((a+b+c)/2)。
谭浩强C语言程序设计基础课后题答案.doc
课后题答案第一章程序设计基本概念习题分析与解答1．1 【参考答案】.EXE1．2 【参考答案】［1］.C ［2］.OBJ ［3］.EXE1．3 【参考答案】［1］顺序结构［2］选择结构［3］循环结构第二章C程序设计的初步知识习题分析与解答一、选择题2．1 【参考答案】B)2．2 【参考答案】D)2．3 【参考答案】B)2．4 【参考答案】A)2．5 参考答案】C)2．6 【参考答案】A)2．7 【参考答案】B)2．8 【参考答案】B)2．9 【参考答案】D)2．10 【参考答案】C)2．11 【参考答案】B)2．12 【参考答案】B)2．13 【参考答案】A)二、填空题2．14 【参考答案】［1］11 ［2］122．15 【参考答案】［1］4.2 ［2］4.22．16 【参考答案】［1］{ ［2］} ［3］定义［4］执行2．17 【参考答案】［1］关键字［2］用户标识符2．18 【参考答案】［1］int ［2］float ［3］double2．19 【参考答案】float a1=10, a2=10；或float a1=1, a2=1;(系统将自动把1转换为10)2．20 【参考答案】存储单元2．21 【参考答案】 3.52．22 【参考答案】［1］a*b/c ［2］a/c*b ［3］b/c*a2．23 【参考答案】把10赋给变量s2．24 【参考答案】［1］位［2］0或12．25 【参考答案】［1］8 ［2］127 ［3］-128 ［4］111111112．26 【参考答案】［1］32767 ［2］-32768 ［3］11111111111111112．27 【参考答案】［1］十［2］八［3］十六三、上机改错题2．28 【分析与解答】第1行的错误：(1) include是一个程序行，因此在此行的最后不应当有分号(;)。
(2) include程序行中后面的stdio.h是一个文件名，按规定，文件名应当放在一对双引号(″″)内，或放在一对尖括号(< >)内。
C语言程序设计课后习题答案谭浩强
第1章程序设计和C语言1什么是计算机程序1什么是计算机语言1语言的发展及其特点3最简单的C语言程序5最简单的C语言程序举例6语言程序的结构10运行C程序的步骤与方法12程序设计的任务141-5 #include <>int main ( ){ printf ("**************************\n\n"); printf(" Very Good!\n\n");printf ("**************************\n"); return 0;}1-6#include <>int main(){int a,b,c,max;printf("please input a,b,c:\n");scanf("%d,%d,%d",&a,&b,&c);max=a;if (max<b)max=b;if (max<c)max=c;printf("The largest number is %d\n",max); return 0;}第2章算法——程序的灵魂16什么是算法16简单的算法举例17算法的特性21怎样表示一个算法22用自然语言表示算法22用流程图表示算法22三种基本结构和改进的流程图26用N S流程图表示算法28用伪代码表示算法31用计算机语言表示算法32结构化程序设计方法34习题36第章最简单的C程序设计——顺序程序设计37顺序程序设计举例37数据的表现形式及其运算39常量和变量39数据类型42整型数据44字符型数据47浮点型数据49怎样确定常量的类型51运算符和表达式52语句57语句的作用和分类57最基本的语句——赋值语句59数据的输入输出65输入输出举例65有关数据输入输出的概念67用printf函数输出数据68用scanf函数输入数据75字符数据的输入输出78习题823-1 #include <>#include <>int main(){float p,r,n;r=;n=10;p=pow(1+r,n);printf("p=%f\n",p);return 0;}3-2-1#include <>#include <>int main(){float r5,r3,r2,r1,r0,p,p1,p2,p3,p4,p5; p=1000;r5=;r3=;r2=;r1=;r0=;p1=p*((1+r5)*5); #include <> #include <>int main(){float d=300000,p=6000,r=,m;m=log10(p/(p-d*r))/log10(1+r);printf("m=%\n",m);return 0;}3-4#include <>int main(){int c1,c2;c1=197;c2=198;printf("c1=%c,c2=%c\n",c1,c2);printf("c1=%d，c2=%d\n",c1,c2);return 0;3-5#include <>int main(){int a,b;float x,y;char c1,c2;scanf("a=%d b=%d",&a,&b);scanf("%f %e",&x,&y);scanf("%c%c",&c1,&c2);printf("a=%d,b=%d,x=%f,y=%f,c1=%c,c2=%c\n",a,b,x,y,c1,c2); return 0;}3-6#include <>int main(){char c1='C',c2='h',c3='i',c4='n',c5='a';c1=c1+4;c2=c2+4;c3=c3+4;c4=c4+4;c5=c5+4;printf("passwor is %c%c%c%c%c\n",c1,c2,c3,c4,c5);return 0;}#include <>int main (){float h,r,l,s,sq,vq,vz;float pi=;printf("请输入圆半径r，圆柱高h∶");scanf("%f,%f",&r,&h); #include <> int main(){ int x,y;printf("输入x:");scanf("%d",&x);if(x<1) /* x<1 */{ y=x;printf("x=%3d, y=x=%d\n" ,x,y);}else if(x<10) /* 1=<x<10 */{ y=2*x-1;printf("x=%d, y=2*x-1=%d\n",x,y);}else /* x>=10 */{ y=3*x-11;printf("x=%d, y=3*x-11=%d\n",x,y);}return 0;}#include <>int main(){int x,y;printf("enter x:");scanf("%d",&x);y=-1;if(x!=0)if(x>0)y=1;elsey=0;printf("x=%d,y=%d\n",x,y); return 0;}4-7-2#include <>int main(){int x,y;printf("please enter x:"); scanf("%d",&x);y=0;if(x>=0)if(x>0) y=1;else y=-1;printf("x=%d,y=%d\n",x,y); return 0;}4-8#include <>int main(){ float score;char grade;printf("请输入学生成绩:"); scanf("%f",&score);while (score>100||score<0) {printf("\n 输入有误,请重输"); scanf("%f",&score);}switch((int)(score/10)){case 10:case 9: grade='A';break;case 8: grade='B';break;case 7: grade='C';break;case 6: grade='D';break;case 5:case 4:case 3:case 2:case 1:case 0: grade='E';}printf("成绩是 %,相应的等级是%c\n ",score,grade); return 0;}4-9#include <>#include <>int main(){int num,indiv,ten,hundred,thousand,ten_thousand,place;位,万位和位数printf("请输入一个整数(0-99999):");scanf("%d",&num);if (num>9999)place=5;else if (num>999)place=4;else if (num>99) .=%d\n",sn);return 0;}5-6#include <>int main(){double s=0,t=1;int n;for (n=1;n<=20;n++){t=t*n;s=s+t;}printf("1!+2!+...+20!=%\n",s);return 0;}5-7#include <>int main(){int n1=100,n2=50,n3=10;double k,s1=0,s2=0,s3=0;for (k=1;k<=n1;k++) /*计算1到100的和*/{s1=s1+k;}for (k=1;k<=n2;k++) /*计算1到50各数的平方和*/ {s2=s2+k*k;}for (k=1;k<=n3;k++) /*计算1到10的各倒数和*/ {s3=s3+1/k;}printf("sum=%\n",s1+s2+s3);return 0;}5-8#include <>int main(){int i,j,k,n;printf("parcissus numbers are ");for (n=100;n<1000;n++){i=n/100;j=n/10-i*10;k=n%10;if (n==i*i*i + j*j*j + k*k*k)printf("%d ",n);}printf("\n");return 0;}5-9-1#define M 1000 /*定义寻找范围*/ #include <>int main(){int k1,k2,k3,k4,k5,k6,k7,k8,k9,k10;int i,a,n,s;for (a=2;a<=M;a++) /* a是2-1000之间的整数，检查它是否完数 */{n=0; /* n用来累计a的因子的个数 */s=a; /* s用来存放尚未求出的因子之和，开始时等于a */ for (i=1;i<a;i++) /* 检查i是否a的因子 */if (a%i==0) /* 如果i是a的因子 */{n++; /* n加1，表示新找到一个因子 */s=s-i; /* s减去已找到的因子，s的新值是尚未求出的因子之和 */ switch(n) /* 将找到的因子赋给k1...k9，或k10 */{case 1:k1=i; break; /* 找出的笫1个因子赋给k1 */case 2:k2=i; break; /* 找出的笫2个因子赋给k2 */case 3:k3=i; break; /* 找出的笫3个因子赋给k3 */case 4:k4=i; break; /* 找出的笫4个因子赋给k4 */case 5:k5=i; break; /* 找出的笫5个因子赋给k5 */case 6:k6=i; break; /* 找出的笫6个因子赋给k6 */case 7:k7=i; break; /* 找出的笫7个因子赋给k7 */case 8:k8=i; break; /* 找出的笫8个因子赋给k8 */case 9:k9=i; break; /*找出的笫9个因子赋给k9 */case 10:k10=i; break; /* 找出的笫10个因子赋给k10 */}}if (s==0){printf("%d ,Its factors are ",a);if (n>1) printf("%d,%d",k1,k2); /* n>1表示a至少有2个因子 */if (n>2) printf(",%d",k3); /* n>2表示至少有3个因子，故应再输出一个因子 */if (n>3) printf(",%d",k4); /* n>3表示至少有4个因子，故应再输出一个因子 */if (n>4) printf(",%d",k5); /* 以下类似 */if (n>5) printf(",%d",k6);if (n>6) printf(",%d",k7);if (n>7) printf(",%d",k8);if (n>8) printf(",%d",k9);if (n>9) printf(",%d",k10);printf("\n");}}return 0;}5-9-2#include <>int main(){int m,s,i;for (m=2;m<1000;m++){s=0;for (i=1;i<m;i++)if ((m%i)==0) s=s+i;if(s==m){printf("%d,its factors are ",m); for (i=1;i<m;i++)if (m%i==0) printf("%d ",i); printf("\n");}}return 0;}5-10#include <>int main(){int i,n=20;double a=2,b=1,s=0,t;for (i=1;i<=n;i++){s=s+a/b;t=a,a=a+b,b=t;}printf("sum=%\n",s);return 0;}5-11#include <>int main(){double sn=100,hn=sn/2;int n;for (n=2;n<=10;n++){sn=sn+2*hn; /*第n次落地时共经过的米数*/ hn=hn/2; /*第n次反跳高度*/}printf("第10次落地时共经过%f米\n",sn); printf("第10次反弹%f米\n",hn);return 0;}5-12#include <>int main(){int day,x1,x2;day=9;x2=1;while(day>0){x1=(x2+1)*2; /*第1天的桃子数是第2天桃子数加1后的2倍.*/ x2=x1;day--;}printf("total=%d\n",x1);return 0;}5-13#include <>#include <>int main(){float a,x0,x1;printf("enter a positive number:");scanf("%f",&a);x0=a/2;x1=(x0+a/x0)/2;do{x0=x1;x1=(x0+a/x0)/2;}while(fabs(x0-x1)>=1e-5);printf("The square root of % is %\n",a,x1); return 0;}5-14#include <>#include <>int main(){double x1,x0,f,f1;x1=;do{x0=x1;f=((2*x0-4)*x0+3)*x0-6;f1=(6*x0-8)*x0+3;x1=x0-f/f1;}while(fabs(x1-x0)>=1e-5);printf("The root of equation is %\n",x1); return 0;}5-15#include <>#include <>int main(){float x0,x1,x2,fx0,fx1,fx2;do{printf("enter x1 & x2:"); scanf("%f,%f",&x1,&x2);fx1=x1*((2*x1-4)*x1+3)-6; fx2=x2*((2*x2-4)*x2+3)-6; }while(fx1*fx2>0);do{x0=(x1+x2)/2;fx0=x0*((2*x0-4)*x0+3)-6; if ((fx0*fx1)<0){x2=x0;fx2=fx0;}else{x1=x0;fx1=fx0;}}while(fabs (fx0)>=1e-5); printf("x=%\n",x0);return 0;}5-16#include <>int main(){int i,j,k;for (i=0;i<=3;i++){for (j=0;j<=2-i;j++)printf(" ");for (k=0;k<=2*i;k++)printf("*");printf("\n");}for (i=0;i<=2;i++){for (j=0;j<=i;j++)printf(" ");for (k=0;k<=4-2*i;k++)printf("*");printf("\n");}return 0;}5-17#include <>int main(){char i,j,k; /*是a的对手;j是b的对手;k是c的对手*/ for (i='x';i<='z';i++)for (j='x';j<='z';j++)if (i!=j)for (k='x';k<='z';k++)if (i!=k && j!=k)if (i!='x' && k!='x' && k!='z')printf("A--%c\nB--%c\nC--%c\n",i,j,k); return 0;}第6章利用数组处理批量数据142怎样定义和引用一维数组142怎样定义一维数组143怎样引用一维数组元素144一维数组的初始化145一维数组程序举例146怎样定义和引用二维数组148怎样定义二维数组149怎样引用二维数组的元素150二维数组的初始化151二维数组程序举例152字符数组154怎样定义字符数组154字符数组的初始化155怎样引用字符数组中的元素155字符串和字符串结束标志156字符数组的输入输出159使用字符串处理函数161字符数组应用举例165习题1686-1#include <>#include <>int main(){int i,j,n,a[101];for (i=1;i<=100;i++)a[i]=i;a[1]=0;for (i=2;i<sqrt(100);i++) for (j=i+1;j<=100;j++) {if(a[i]!=0 && a[j]!=0) if (a[j]%a[i]==0)a[j]=0;}printf("\n");for (i=2,n=0;i<=100;i++) { if(a[i]!=0){printf("%5d",a[i]);n++;}if(n==10){printf("\n");n=0;}}printf("\n");return 0;}6-2#include <>int main(){int i,j,min,temp,a[11];printf("enter data:\n");for (i=1;i<=10;i++){printf("a[%d]=",i);scanf("%d",&a[i]);}printf("\n");printf("The orginal numbers:\n"); for (i=1;i<=10;i++)printf("%5d",a[i]);printf("\n");for (i=1;i<=9;i++){min=i;for (j=i+1;j<=10;j++)if (a[min]>a[j]) min=j;temp=a[i];a[i]=a[min];a[min]=temp;}printf("\nThe sorted numbers:\n");for (i=1;i<=10;i++)printf("%5d",a[i]);printf("\n");return 0;}6-3#include <>int main(){int a[3][3],sum=0;int i,j;printf("enter data:\n");for (i=0;i<3;i++)for (j=0;j<3;j++)scanf("%3d",&a[i][j]);for (i=0;i<3;i++)sum=sum+a[i][i];printf("sum=%6d\n",sum);return 0;}6-4#include <>int main(){ int a[11]={1,4,6,9,13,16,19,28,40,100}; int temp1,temp2,number,end,i,j;for (i=0;i<10;i++)printf("%5d",a[i]);printf("\n");printf("insert data:"); scanf("%d",&number);end=a[9];if (number>end)a[10]=number;else{for (i=0;i<10;i++){if (a[i]>number){temp1=a[i];a[i]=number;for (j=i+1;j<11;j++) {temp2=a[j];a[j]=temp1;temp1=temp2;}break;}}}printf("Now array a:\n"); for (i=0;i<11;i++)printf("\n");return 0;}6-5#include <>#define N 5int main(){ int a[N],i,temp;printf("enter array a:\n");for (i=0;i<N;i++)scanf("%d",&a[i]);printf("array a:\n");for (i=0;i<N;i++)printf("%4d",a[i]);for (i=0;i<N/2;i++) n",number);; printf("continu or not(Y/N)");scanf(" %c",&c);if (c=='N'||c=='n')flag=0;}return 0;}6-10#include <>int main(){int i,j,upp,low,dig,spa,oth;char text[3][80];upp=low=dig=spa=oth=0;for (i=0;i<3;i++){ printf("please input line %d:\n",i+1);gets(text[i]);for (j=0;j<80 && text[i][j]!='\0';j++){if (text[i][j]>='A'&& text[i][j]<='Z')upp++;else if (text[i][j]>='a' && text[i][j]<='z') low++; else if (text[i][j]>='0' && text[i][j]<='9') dig++; else if (text[i][j]==' ')spa++;elseoth++;}}printf("\nupper case: %d\n",upp);printf("lower case: %d\n",low);printf("digit : %d\n",dig);printf("space : %d\n",spa);printf("other : %d\n",oth);return 0;}#include <>int main(){ char a[5]={'*','*','*','*','*'}; int i,j,k;char space=' ';for (i=0;i<5;i++){ printf("\n");printf(" ");for (j=1;j<=i;j++)printf("%c",space);for (k=0;k<5;k++)printf("%c",a[k]);}printf("\n");return 0;}6-12a-c#include <>int main(){ int j,n;char ch[80],tran[80];printf("input cipher code:");gets(ch);printf("\ncipher code :%s",ch);while (ch[j]!='\0'){ if ((ch[j]>='A') && (ch[j]<='Z')) tran[j]=155-ch[j];else if ((ch[j]>='a') && (ch[j]<='z')) tran[j]=219-ch[j];elsetran[j]=ch[j];j++;}n=j;printf("\noriginal text:");for (j=0;j<n;j++)putchar(tran[j]);printf("\n");return 0;}6-12b#include <>int main(){int j,n;char ch[80];printf("input cipher code:\n");gets(ch);printf("\ncipher code:%s\n",ch);while (ch[j]!='\0'){ if ((ch[j]>='A') && (ch[j]<='Z'))ch[j]=155-ch[j];else if ((ch[j]>='a') && (ch[j]<='z')) ch[j]=219-ch[j];elsech[j]=ch[j];j++;}n=j;printf("original text:");for (j=0;j<n;j++)putchar(ch[j]);printf("\n");return 0;}6-13#include <>int main(){ char s1[80],s2[40];int i=0,j=0;printf("input string1:");scanf("%s",s1);printf("input string2:");scanf("%s",s2);while (s1[i]!='\0')i++;while(s2[j]!='\0')s1[i++]=s2[j++];s1[i]='\0';printf("\nThe new string is:%s\n",s1); return 0;}6-14#include <>int main(){ int i,resu;char s1[100],s2[100];printf("input string1:");gets(s1);printf("\ninput string2:");gets(s2);i=0;while ((s1[i]==s2[i]) && (s1[i]!='\0'))i++; if (s1[i]=='\0' && s2[i]=='\0')resu=0;elseresu=s1[i]-s2[i];printf("\nresult:%d.\n",resu);return 0;}6-15#include <>#include <>int main(){ char s1[80],s2[80];int i;printf("input s2:");scanf("%s",s2);for (i=0;i<=strlen(s2);i++)s1[i]=s2[i];printf("s1:%s\n",s1);return 0;}第7章用函数实现模块化程序设计170为什么要用函数170怎样定义函数172为什么要定义函数172定义函数的方法173调用函数174函数调用的形式174函数调用时的数据传递175函数调用的过程177函数的返回值178对被调用函数的声明和函数原型179函数的嵌套调用182函数的递归调用184数组作为函数参数192数组元素作函数实参193数组名作函数参数194多维数组名作函数参数197局部变量和全局变量199局部变量199全局变量200变量的存储方式和生存期204动态存储方式与静态存储方式204局部变量的存储类别205全局变量的存储类别208存储类别小结212关于变量的声明和定义214内部函数和外部函数215内部函数215外部函数215习题2187-1-1#include <>int main(){int hcf(int,int);int lcd(int,int,int);int u,v,h,l;scanf("%d,%d",&u,&v);h=hcf(u,v);printf("",h);l=lcd(u,v,h);printf("",l);return 0;}int hcf(int u,int v){int t,r;if (v>u){t=u;u=v;v=t;}while ((r=u%v)!=0){u=v;v=r;}return(v);}int lcd(int u,int v,int h) {return(u*v/h);}7-1-2#include <>int Hcf,Lcd;int main(){void hcf(int,int); void lcd(int,int);int u,v;scanf("%d,%d",&u,&v); hcf(u,v);lcd(u,v);printf("",Hcf);printf("",Lcd); return 0;}void hcf(int u,int v) {int t,r;if (v>u){t=u;u=v;v=t;}while ((r=u%v)!=0) {u=v;v=r;}Hcf=v;}void lcd(int u,int v) {Lcd=u*v/Hcf;}7-2#include <>#include <>float x1,x2,disc,p,q;int main(){void greater_than_zero(float,float);void equal_to_zero(float,float);void smaller_than_zero(float,float);float a,b,c;printf("input a,b,c:");scanf("%f,%f,%f",&a,&b,&c);printf("equation: %*x*x+%*x+%=0\n",a,b,c); disc=b*b-4*a*c; printf("root:\n");if (disc>0){greater_than_zero(a,b);printf("x1=%f\t\tx2=%f\n",x1,x2);}else if (disc==0){equal_to_zero(a,b);printf("x1=%f\t\tx2=%f\n",x1,x2);}else{smaller_than_zero(a,b);printf("x1=%f+%fi\tx2=%f-%fi\n",p,q,p,q);}return 0;}void greater_than_zero(float a,float b) {x1=(-b+sqrt(disc))/(2*a);x2=(-b-sqrt(disc))/(2*a);}void equal_to_zero(float a,float b){x1=x2=(-b)/(2*a);}void smaller_than_zero(float a,float b) {p=-b/(2*a);q=sqrt(-disc)/(2*a);}7-3#include <>int main(){int prime(int);int n;printf("input an integer:");scanf("%d",&n);if (prime(n))printf("%d is a prime.\n",n);elseprintf("%d is not a prime.\n",n); return 0;}int prime(int n){int flag=1,i;for (i=2;i<n/2 && flag==1;i++)if (n%i==0)flag=0;return(flag);}7-4#include <>#define N 3int array[N][N];int main(){ void convert(int array[][3]); int i,j;printf("input array:\n");for (i=0;i<N;i++)for (j=0;j<N;j++)scanf("%d",&array[i][j]);printf("\noriginal array :\n"); for (i=0;i<N;i++){for (j=0;j<N;j++)printf("%5d",array[i][j]);printf("\n");}convert(array);printf("convert array:\n"); for (i=0;i<N;i++){for (j=0;j<N;j++)printf("%5d",array[i][j]); printf("\n");}return 0;}void convert(int array[][3]) {int i,j,t;for (i=0;i<N;i++)for (j=i+1;j<N;j++){t=array[i][j];array[i][j]=array[j][i]; array[j][i]=t;}}#include <>#include <>int main(){void inverse(char str[]); char str[100];printf("input string:");scanf("%s",str);inverse(str);printf("inverse string:%s\n",str);return 0;}void inverse(char str[]){char t;int i,j;for (i=0,j=strlen(str);i<(strlen(str)/2);i++,j--){t=str[i];str[i]=str[j-1];str[j-1]=t;}}7-6#include <>int main(){void concatenate(char string1[],char string2[],char string[]); char s1[100],s2[100],s[100];printf("input string1:");scanf("%s",s1);printf("input string2:");scanf("%s",s2);concatenate(s1,s2,s);printf("\nThe new string is %s\n",s);return 0;}void concatenate(char string1[],char string2[],char string[]) {int i,j; for (i=0;string1[i]!='\0';i++)string[i]=string1[i];for(j=0;string2[j]!='\0';j++)string[i+j]=string2[j];string[i+j]='\0';}7-7#include <>int main(){void cpy(char [],char []);char str[80],c[80];printf("input string:");gets(str);cpy(str,c);printf("The vowel letters are:%s\n",c);return 0;}void cpy(char s[],char c[]){ int i,j;for (i=0,j=0;s[i]!='\0';i++)if (s[i]=='a'||s[i]=='A'||s[i]=='e'||s[i]=='E'||s[i]=='i'||s[i]=='I'||s[i]=='o'||s[i]=='O'||s[i]=='u'||s[i]=='U') {c[j]=s[i];j++;}c[j]='\0';}7-8#include <>#include <>int main(){char str[80];void insert(char []);printf("input four digits:");scanf("%s",str);insert(str);return 0;本文档下载自360文档中心，更多营销,职业规划,工作简历,入党,工作报告,总结,学习资料,学习总结,PPT模板下载,范文等文档下载；转载请保留出处。
C语言程序设计第五版谭浩强课后答案（第二章答案）
C语⾔程序设计第五版谭浩强课后答案（第⼆章答案）⽬录1. 什么是算法？试从⽇常⽣活中找3个例⼦，描述它们的算法2. 什么叫结构化的算法？为什么要提倡结构化的算法？3. 试述3种基本结构的特点，请另外设计两种基本结构(要符合基类结构的特点)。
4. ⽤传统流程图表⽰求解以下问题的算法。
5. ⽤N-S图表⽰第4题中各题的算法6. ⽤伪代码表⽰第4题中各题的算法7. 什么叫结构化程序设计？它的主要内容是什么？8. ⽤⾃顶向下、逐步细化的⽅法进⾏以下算法的设计：1. 什么是算法？试从⽇常⽣活中找3个例⼦，描述它们的算法算法：简⽽⾔之就是求解问题的步骤，对特定问题求解步骤的⼀种描述。
⽐如⽣活中的例⼦：考⼤学⾸先填报志愿表、交报名费、拿到准考证、按时参加考试、收到录取通知书、按照⽇期到指定学校报到。
去北京听演唱会⾸先在⽹上购票、然后按时坐车到北京，坐车到演唱会会场。
把⼤象放进冰箱先打开冰箱门，然后将⼤象放进冰箱，关冰箱。
2. 什么叫结构化的算法？为什么要提倡结构化的算法？结构化算法：由⼀些顺序、选择、循环等基本结构按照顺序组成，流程的转移只存在于⼀个基本的范围之内。
结构化算法便于编写，可读性⾼，修改和维护起来简单，可以减少程序出错的机会，提⾼了程序的可靠性，保证了程序的质量，因此提倡结构化的算法。
3. 试述3种基本结构的特点，请另外设计两种基本结构(要符合基类结构的特点)。
结构化程序设计⽅法主要由以下三种基本结构组成：顺序结构：顺序结构是⼀种线性、有序的结构，它依次执⾏各语句模块选择结构：选择结构是根据条件成⽴与否选择程序执⾏的通路。
循环结构：循环结构是重复执⾏⼀个或⼏个模块，直到满⾜某⼀条件位置重新设计基本结构要满⾜以下⼏点：只有⼀个⼊⼝只有⼀个出⼝结构内的每⼀部分都有机会执⾏到结构内不存在死循环因此给出以下复习结构：while型和until型循环复合以及多选择结构4. ⽤传统流程图表⽰求解以下问题的算法。
C程序设计(第五版)谭浩强实验报告一(附答案以及源程序分析)codeblocks
printf("max=%d",c);
return 0;
}
int max(int x,int y)
{
int z;
if(x>y)z=x;
else z=y;
return(z);
}
四、运行结果（将每道题的运行结果截图并粘贴在此处）
1.
2.
3.
4.
五、实验结果分析
1.
#include<stdio.h>为编译预处理指令，而stdio.h为系统提供的一个文件名。程序的第二行中的main表示函数的名称表示“主函数”int表示函数的类型为整型，printf为输出制定的一行信息也就是"Programming in C is fun!"，而“/n”为换行符。程序第五行“return 0；”的作用为当函数执行完前将整数0作为函数值。
《简单程序设计》实验报告
年级专业班
姓名
成绩
课程
名称
C程序设计
实验项目
名称
简单程序设计
指导教师
一、实验目的
1、了解C语言程序设计的基本框架和结构。
2、熟悉上机过程：
Edit--------compile---------Link----------Run
二、实验内容
1、在屏幕上显示一个短句“Programming in C is fun!”
4.
在这个程序里有两个函数一是主函数main二是被调用的函数max。max函数的作用是将X和Y中的较大者赋值给变量Z，在程序的第十八行return将Z的值作为max的函数值调用给了主函数。
Int main为定义的主函数，在程序的第七行scanf是输入函数的名字他的作用是输入a和b的值在scanf函数中双撇号中“%d”为以整数型输出，而在其中“&”为地址符“&a”为变量a的地址“&b”则亦然。在键盘上输入两个整数scanf函数将值赋给a和b。
c语言程序设计 谭浩强版 何钦铭颜晖版习题答案全集
c语言程序设计谭浩强版何钦铭颜晖版习题答案全集【程序1】题目：有1、2、3、4个数字，能组成多少个互不相同且无重复数字的三位数？都是多少？1.程序分析：可填在百位、十位、个位的数字都是1、2、3、4。
组成所有的排列后再去掉不满足条件的排列。
2.程序源代码：main(){int i,j,k;printf("\n");for(i=1;i<5;i++)／*以下为三重循环*/for(j=1;j<5;j++)for (k=1;k<5;k++){if (i!=k&&i!=j&&j!=k) /*确保i、j、k三位互不相同*/printf("%d,%d,%d\n",i,j,k);}}【程序2】题目：企业发放的奖金根据利润提成。
利润(I)低于或等于10万元时，奖金可提10%；利润高于10万元，低于20万元时，低于10万元的部分按10%提成，高于10万元的部分，可可提成7.5%；20万到40万之间时，高于20万元的部分，可提成5%；40万到60万之间时高于40万元的部分，可提成3%；60万到100万之间时，高于60万元的部分，可提成1.5%，高于100万元时，超过100万元的部分按1%提成，从键盘输入当月利润I，求应发放奖金总数？1.程序分析：请利用数轴来分界，定位。
注意定义时需把奖金定义成长整型。
2.程序源代码：main(){long int i;int bonus1,bonus2,bonus4,bonus6,bonus10,bonus;scanf("%ld",&i);bonus1=100000*0.1;bonus2=bonus1+100000*0.75;bonus4=bonus2+200000*0.5;bonus6=bonus4+200000*0.3;bonus10=bonus6+400000*0.15;if(i<=100000)bonus=i*0.1;else if(i<=200000)bonus=bonus1+(i-100000)*0.075;else if(i<=400000)bonus=bonus2+(i-200000)*0.05;else if(i<=600000)bonus=bonus4+(i-400000)*0.03;else if(i<=1000000)bonus=bonus6+(i-600000)*0.015;elsebonus=bonus10+(i-1000000)*0.01;printf("bonus=%d",bonus);}-----------------------------------------------------------------------------【程序3】题目：一个整数，它加上100后是一个完全平方数，再加上168又是一个完全平方数，请问该数是多少？1.程序分析：在10万以内判断，先将该数加上100后再开方，再将该数加上268后再开方，如果开方后的结果满足如下条件，即是结果。
(完整版)谭浩强c程序设计课后习题答案
谭浩强c++程序设计课后答案娄警卫第一章1.5题#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main(){cout<<"This"<<"is"; cout<<"a"<<"C++"; cout<<"program."; return 0;1.6题#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main(){int a,b,c;a=10;b=23;c=a+b;cout<<"a+b="; cout<<c;cout<<endl;return 0;}1.7七题#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main(){int a,b,c;int f(int x,int y,int z); cin>>a>>b>>c;c=f(a,b,c);cout<<c<<endl; return 0;}int f(int x,int y,int z) {int m;if (x<y) m=x;else m=y;if (z<m) m=z;return(m);}1.8题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int a,b,c;cin>>a>>b;c=a+b;cout<<"a+b="<<a+b<<endl; return 0;}1.9题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int a,b,c;int add(int x,int y); cin>>a>>b;c=add(a,b);cout<<"a+b="<<c<<endl; return 0;}int add(int x,int y){int z;z=x+y;return(z);}第二章2.3题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){char c1='a',c2='b',c3='c',c4='\101',c5='\116'; cout<<c1<<c2<<c3<<'\n';cout<<"\t\b"<<c4<<'\t'<<c5<<'\n';return 0;}2.4题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){char c1='C',c2='+',c3='+';cout<<"I say: \""<<c1<<c2<<c3<<'\"';cout<<"\t\t"<<"He says: \"C++ is very interesting!\""<< '\n';return 0;}2.7题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int i,j,m,n;i=8;j=10;m=++i+j++;n=(++i)+(++j)+m;cout<<i<<'\t'<<j<<'\t'<<m<<'\t'<<n<<endl; return 0;}2.8题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){char c1='C', c2='h', c3='i', c4='n', c5='a';c1+=4;c2+=4;c3+=4;c4+=4;c5+=4;cout<<"password is:"<<c1<<c2<<c3<<c4<<c5<<endl;return 0;}第三章3.2题#include <iostream>#include <iomanip>using namespace std;int main ( ){float h,r,l,s,sq,vq,vz;const float pi=3.1415926;cout<<"please enter r,h:";cin>>r>>h;l=2*pi*r;s=r*r*pi;sq=4*pi*r*r;vq=3.0/4.0*pi*r*r*r;vz=pi*r*r*h;cout<<setiosflags(ios::fixed)<<setiosflags(ios:: right)<<setprecision(2);cout<<"l= "<<setw(10)<<l<<endl;cout<<"s= "<<setw(10)<<s<<endl;cout<<"sq="<<setw(10)<<sq<<endl;cout<<"vq="<<setw(10)<<vq<<endl;cout<<"vz="<<setw(10)<<vz<<endl;return 0;}3.3题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){float c,f;cout<<"请输入一个华氏温度:";cin>>f;c=(5.0/9.0)*(f-32); //注意5和9要用实型表示,否则5/9值为0cout<<"摄氏温度为:"<<c<<endl;return 0;};3.4题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main ( ){char c1,c2;cout<<"请输入两个字符c1,c2:";c1=getchar(); //将输入的第一个字符赋给c1c2=getchar(); //将输入的第二个字符赋给c2cout<<"用putchar函数输出结果为:"; putchar(c1);putchar(c2);cout<<endl;cout<<"用cout语句输出结果为:";cout<<c1<<c2<<endl;return 0;}3.4题另一解#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main ( ){char c1,c2;cout<<"请输入两个字符c1,c2:";c1=getchar(); //将输入的第一个字符赋给c1c2=getchar(); //将输入的第二个字符赋给c2cout<<"用putchar函数输出结果为:"; putchar(c1);putchar(44);putchar(c2);cout<<endl;cout<<"用cout语句输出结果为:";cout<<c1<<","<<c2<<endl;return 0;}3.5题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main ( ){char c1,c2;int i1,i2; //定义为整型cout<<"请输入两个整数i1,i2:";cin>>i1>>i2;c1=i1;c2=i2;cout<<"按字符输出结果为:"<<c1<<" , "<<c2<<endl;return 0;}3.8题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main ( ){ int a=3,b=4,c=5,x,y;cout<<(a+b>c && b==c)<<endl;cout<<(a||b+c && b-c)<<endl;cout<<(!(a>b) && !c||1)<<endl;cout<<(!(x=a) && (y=b) && 0)<<endl;cout<<(!(a+b)+c-1 && b+c/2)<<endl; return 0;}3.9题include <iostream>using namespace std;int main ( ){int a,b,c;cout<<"please enter three integer numbers:";cin>>a>>b>>c;if(a<b)if(b<c)cout<<"max="<<c;elsecout<<"max="<<b;else if (a<c)cout<<"max="<<c;elsecout<<"max="<<a;cout<<endl;return 0;}3.9题另一解#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main ( ){int a,b,c,temp,max ;cout<<"please enter three integer numbers:";cin>>a>>b>>c;temp=(a>b)?a:b; /* 将a和b中的大者存入temp中*/max=(temp>c)?temp:c; /* 将a和b中的大者与c比较，最大者存入max*/cout<<"max="<<max<<endl;return 0;}3.10题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main ( ){int x,y;cout<<"enter x:";cin>>x;if (x<1){y=x;cout<<"x="<<x<<", y=x="<<y;}else if (x<10) // 1≤x＜10{y=2*x-1;cout<<"x="<<x<<", y=2*x-1="<<y;}else// x≥10{y=3*x-11;cout<<"x="<<x<<",y=3*x-11="<<y;}cout<<endl;return 0;}3.11题#include <iostream>using namespace std; int main (){float score;char grade;cout<<"please enter score of student:"; cin>>score;while (score>100||score<0){cout<<"data error,enter data again.";cin>>score;}switch(int(score/10)){case 10:case 9: grade='A';break;case 8: grade='B';break;case 7: grade='C';break;case 6: grade='D';break;default:grade='E';}cout<<"score is "<<score<<", grade is "<<grade<<endl;return 0;}3.12题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){long int num;intindiv,ten,hundred,thousand,ten_thousand,pla ce;/*分别代表个位,十位,百位,千位,万位和位数*/cout<<"enter an integer(0~99999):"; cin>>num;if (num>9999)place=5;else if (num>999)place=4;else if (num>99)place=3;else if (num>9)place=2;else place=1;cout<<"place="<<place<<endl;//计算各位数字ten_thousand=num/10000;thousand=(int)(num-ten_thousand*10000)/1 000;hundred=(int)(num-ten_thousand*10000-tho usand*1000)/100;ten=(int)(num-ten_thousand*10000-thousan d*1000-hundred*100)/10;indiv=(int)(num-ten_thousand*10000-thousa nd*1000-hundred*100-ten*10);cout<<"original order:";switch(place){case5:cout<<ten_thousand<<","<<thousand<<","< <hundred<<","<<ten<<","<<indiv<<endl;cout<<"reverse order:";cout<<indiv<<ten<<hundred<<thousand<<ten _thousand<<endl;break;case4:cout<<thousand<<","<<hundred<<","<<ten <<","<<indiv<<endl;cout<<"reverse order:";cout<<indiv<<ten<<hundred<<thousand<<en dl;break;case3:cout<<hundred<<","<<ten<<","<<indiv<<en dl;cout<<"reverse order:";cout<<indiv<<ten<<hundred<<endl;break;case 2:cout<<ten<<","<<indiv<<endl;cout<<"reverse order:";cout<<indiv<<ten<<endl;break;case 1:cout<<indiv<<endl;cout<<"reverse order:";cout<<indiv<<endl;break;}return 0;}3.13题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){ long i; //i为利润floatbonus,bon1,bon2,bon4,bon6,bon10;bon1=100000*0.1; //利润为10万元时的奖金bon2=bon1+100000*0.075; //利润为20万元时的奖金bon4=bon2+100000*0.05; //利润为40万元时的奖金bon6=bon4+100000*0.03; //利润为60万元时的奖金bon10=bon6+400000*0.015; //利润为100万元时的奖金cout<<"enter i:";cin>>i;if (i<=100000)bonus=i*0.1;//利润在10万元以内按10%提成奖金else if (i<=200000)bonus=bon1+(i-100000)*0.075; //利润在10万元至20万时的奖金else if (i<=400000)bonus=bon2+(i-200000)*0.05; //利润在20万元至40万时的奖金else if (i<=600000)bonus=bon4+(i-400000)*0.03; //利润在40万元至60万时的奖金else if (i<=1000000)bonus=bon6+(i-600000)*0.015; //利润在60万元至100万时的奖金elsebonus=bon10+(i-1000000)*0.01; //利润在100万元以上时的奖金cout<<"bonus="<<bonus<<endl;return 0;}3.13题另一解#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){long i;float bonus,bon1,bon2,bon4,bon6,bon10; int c;bon1=100000*0.1;bon2=bon1+100000*0.075;bon4=bon2+200000*0.05;bon6=bon4+200000*0.03;bon10=bon6+400000*0.015;cout<<"enter i:";cin>>i;c=i/100000;if (c>10) c=10;switch(c){case 0: bonus=i*0.1; break;case 1: bonus=bon1+(i-100000)*0.075; break;case 2:case3:bonus=bon2+(i-200000)*0.05;break;case 4:case5:bonus=bon4+(i-400000)*0.03;break;case 6:case 7:case 8:case 9: bonus=bon6+(i-600000)*0.015; break;case 10: bonus=bon10+(i-1000000)*0.01;}cout<<"bonus="<<bonus<<endl;return 0;}3.14题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){int t,a,b,c,d;cout<<"enter four numbers:";cin>>a>>b>>c>>d;cout<<"a="<<a<<", b="<<b<<", c="<<c<<",d="<<d<<endl;if (a>b){t=a;a=b;b=t;}if (a>c){t=a; a=c; c=t;}if (a>d){t=a; a=d; d=t;}if (b>c){t=b; b=c; c=t;}if (b>d){t=b; b=d; d=t;}if (c>d){t=c; c=d; d=t;}cout<<"the sorted sequence:"<<endl;cout<<a<<", "<<b<<", "<<c<<", "<<d<<endl; return 0;}3.15题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){int p,r,n,m,temp;cout<<"please enter two positive integer numbers n,m:";cin>>n>>m;if (n<m){temp=n;n=m;m=temp; //把大数放在n中, 小数放在m中}p=n*m; //先将n和m的乘积保存在p中, 以便求最小公倍数时用while (m!=0) //求n和m的最大公约数{r=n%m;n=m;m=r;}cout<<"HCF="<<n<<endl;cout<<"LCD="<<p/n<<endl; // p是原来两个整数的乘积return 0;}3.16题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){char c;int letters=0,space=0,digit=0,other=0;cout<<"enter one line::"<<endl;while((c=getchar())!='\n'){if (c>='a' && c<='z'||c>='A' && c<='Z')letters++;else if (c==' ')space++;else if (c>='0' && c<='9')digit++;elseother++;}cout<<"letter:"<<letters<<", space:"<<space<<", digit:"<<digit<<", other:"<<other<<endl;return 0;}3.17题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){int a,n,i=1,sn=0,tn=0;cout<<"a,n=:";cin>>a>>n;while (i<=n){tn=tn+a; //赋值后的tn为i个a 组成数的值sn=sn+tn; //赋值后的sn为多项式前i项之和a=a*10;++i;}cout<<"a+aa+aaa+...="<<sn<<endl;return 0;}3.18题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){float s=0,t=1;int n;for (n=1;n<=20;n++){t=t*n; // 求n!s=s+t; // 将各项累加}cout<<"1!+2!+...+20!="<<s<<endl;return 0;}3.19题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){int i,j,k,n;cout<<"narcissus numbers are:"<<endl;for (n=100;n<1000;n++){i=n/100;j=n/10-i*10;k=n%10;if (n == i*i*i + j*j*j + k*k*k)cout<<n<<" ";}cout<<endl;return 0;}3.20题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){const int m=1000; // 定义寻找范围int k1,k2,k3,k4,k5,k6,k7,k8,k9,k10;int i,a,n,s;for (a=2;a<=m;a++) // a是2~1000之间的整数，检查它是否为完数{n=0; // n用来累计a的因子的个数s=a; // s用来存放尚未求出的因子之和，开始时等于afor (i=1;i<a;i++) // 检查i是否为a 的因子if (a%i==0) // 如果i是a的因子{n++; // n加1，表示新找到一个因子s=s-i; // s减去已找到的因子，s的新值是尚未求出的因子之和switch(n) // 将找到的因子赋给k1,...,k10{case 1:k1=i; break; // 找出的笫1个因子赋给k1case 2:k2=i; break; // 找出的笫2个因子赋给k2case 3:k3=i; break; // 找出的笫3个因子赋给k3case 4:k4=i; break; // 找出的笫4个因子赋给k4case 5:k5=i; break; // 找出的笫5个因子赋给k5case 6:k6=i; break; // 找出的笫6个因子赋给k6case 7:k7=i; break; // 找出的笫7个因子赋给k7case 8:k8=i; break; // 找出的笫8个因子赋给k8case 9:k9=i; break; // 找出的笫9个因子赋给k9case 10:k10=i; break; // 找出的笫10个因子赋给k10}}if (s==0) // s=0表示全部因子都已找到了{cout<<a<<" is a 完数"<<endl;cout<<"its factors are:";if (n>1) cout<<k1<<","<<k2; // n>1表示a至少有2个因子if (n>2) cout<<","<<k3; // n>2表示至少有3个因子，故应再输出一个因子if (n>3) cout<<","<<k4; // n>3表示至少有4个因子，故应再输出一个因子if (n>4) cout<<","<<k5; // 以下类似if (n>5) cout<<","<<k6;if (n>6) cout<<","<<k7;if (n>7) cout<<","<<k8;if (n>8) cout<<","<<k9;if (n>9) cout<<","<<k10;cout<<endl<<endl;}}return 0;}3.20题另一解#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int m,s,i;for (m=2;m<1000;m++){s=0;for (i=1;i<m;i++)if ((m%i)==0) s=s+i;if(s==m){cout<<m<<" is a完数"<<endl;cout<<"its factors are:";for (i=1;i<m;i++)if (m%i==0) cout<<i<<" ";cout<<endl;}}return 0;}3.20题另一解#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int k[11];int i,a,n,s;for (a=2;a<=1000;a++){n=0;s=a;for (i=1;i<a;i++)if ((a%i)==0){n++;s=s-i;k[n]=i; // 将找到的因子赋给k[1]┅k[10]}if (s==0){cout<<a<<" is a 完数"<<endl;cout<<"its factors are:";for (i=1;i<n;i++)cout<<k[i]<<" ";cout<<k[n]<<endl;}}return 0;}3.21题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int i,t,n=20;double a=2,b=1,s=0;for (i=1;i<=n;i++){s=s+a/b;t=a;a=a+b; // 将前一项分子与分母之和作为下一项的分子b=t; // 将前一项的分子作为下一项的分母}cout<<"sum="<<s<<endl;return 0;} 3.22题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int day,x1,x2;day=9;x2=1;while(day>0){x1=(x2+1)*2; // 第1天的桃子数是第2天桃子数加1后的2倍x2=x1;day--;}cout<<"total="<<x1<<endl;return 0;}3.23题#include <iostream>#include <cmath>using namespace std;int main(){float a,x0,x1;cout<<"enter a positive number:"; cin>>a; // 输入a的值x0=a/2;x1=(x0+a/x0)/2;do{x0=x1;x1=(x0+a/x0)/2;}while(fabs(x0-x1)>=1e-5);cout<<"The square root of "<<a<<" is "<<x1<<endl;return 0;}3.24题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int i,k;for (i=0;i<=3;i++) // 输出上面4行*号{for (k=0;k<=2*i;k++)cout<<"*"; // 输出*号cout<<endl; //输出完一行*号后换行}for (i=0;i<=2;i++) // 输出下面3行*号{for (k=0;k<=4-2*i;k++)cout<<"*"; // 输出*号cout<<endl; // 输出完一行*号后换行}return 0;}3.25题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){char i,j,k; /* i是a的对手;j是b的对手;k是c的对手*/for (i='X';i<='Z';i++)for (j='X';j<='Z';j++)if (i!=j)for (k='X';k<='Z';k++)if (i!=k && j!=k)if (i!='X' && k!='X' && k!='Z')cout<<"A--"<<i<<"B--"<<j<<" C--"<<k<<endl;return 0;}第四章4.1题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int hcf(int,int);int lcd(int,int,int);int u,v,h,l;cin>>u>>v;h=hcf(u,v);cout<<"H.C.F="<<h<<endl;l=lcd(u,v,h);cout<<"L.C.D="<<l<<endl;return 0;}int hcf(int u,int v){int t,r;if (v>u){t=u;u=v;v=t;}while ((r=u%v)!=0){u=v;v=r;}return(v);}int lcd(int u,int v,int h){return(u*v/h);}4.2题#include <iostream>#include <math.h>using namespace std;float x1,x2,disc,p,q;int main(){void greater_than_zero(float,float); void equal_to_zero(float,float);void smaller_than_zero(float,float); float a,b,c;cout<<"input a,b,c:";cin>>a>>b>>c;disc=b*b-4*a*c;cout<<"root:"<<endl;if (disc>0){greater_than_zero(a,b);cout<<"x1="<<x1<<",x2="<<x2<<endl; }else if (disc==0){equal_to_zero(a,b);cout<<"x1="<<x1<<",x2="<<x2<<endl;}else{smaller_than_zero(a,b);cout<<"x1="<<p<<"+"<<q<<"i"<<endl;cout<<"x2="<<p<<"-"<<q<<"i"<<endl;}return 0;}void greater_than_zero(float a,float b) /* 定义一个函数，用来求disc>0时方程的根*/{x1=(-b+sqrt(disc))/(2*a);x2=(-b-sqrt(disc))/(2*a);}void equal_to_zero(float a,float b) /* 定义一个函数，用来求disc=0时方程的根*/{x1=x2=(-b)/(2*a);}void smaller_than_zero(float a,float b) /* 定义一个函数，用来求disc<0时方程的根*/{p=-b/(2*a);q=sqrt(-disc)/(2*a);}4.3题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int prime(int); /* 函数原型声明*/int n;cout<<"input an integer:";cin>>n;if (prime(n))cout<<n<<" is a prime."<<endl;elsecout<<n<<" is not a prime."<<endl;return 0;}int prime(int n){int flag=1,i;for (i=2;i<n/2 && flag==1;i++)if (n%i==0)flag=0;return(flag);}4.4题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int fac(int);int a,b,c,sum=0;cout<<"enter a,b,c:";cin>>a>>b>>c;sum=sum+fac(a)+fac(b)+fac(c);cout<<a<<"!+"<<b<<"!+"<<c<<"!="<<sum<<e ndl;return 0;}int fac(int n){int f=1;for (int i=1;i<=n;i++)f=f*i;return f;}4.5题#include <iostream>#include <cmath>using namespace std;int main(){double e(double);double x,sinh;cout<<"enter x:";cin>>x;sinh=(e(x)+e(-x))/2;cout<<"sinh("<<x<<")="<<sinh<<endl;return 0;}double e(double x){return exp(x);}4.6题#include <iostream>#include <cmath>using namespace std;int main(){doublesolut(double ,double ,double ,double ); double a,b,c,d;cout<<"input a,b,c,d:";cin>>a>>b>>c>>d;cout<<"x="<<solut(a,b,c,d)<<endl;return 0;}double solut(double a,double b,double c,double d){double x=1,x0,f,f1;do{x0=x;f=((a*x0+b)*x0+c)*x0+d;f1=(3*a*x0+2*b)*x0+c;x=x0-f/f1;}while(fabs(x-x0)>=1e-5);return(x);}4.7题#include <iostream>#include <cmath>using namespace std;int main(){void godbaha(int);int n;cout<<"input n:";cin>>n;godbaha(n);return 0;}void godbaha(int n){int prime(int);int a,b;for(a=3;a<=n/2;a=a+2){if(prime(a)){b=n-a;if (prime(b))cout<<n<<"="<<a<<"+"<<b<<endl;}}}int prime(int m){int i,k=sqrt(m);for(i=2;i<=k;i++)if(m%i==0) break;if (i>k) return 1;else return 0;}4.8题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int x,n;float p(int,int);cout<<"input n & x:";cin>>n>>x;cout<<"n="<<n<<",x="<<x<<endl;;cout<<"P"<<n<<"(x)="<<p(n,x)<<endl; return 0;}float p(int n,int x){if (n==0)return(1);else if (n==1)return(x);elsereturn(((2*n-1)*x*p((n-1),x)-(n-1)*p((n-2),x))/n);}4.9题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){void hanoi(int n,char one,char two,char three);int m;cout<<"input the number of diskes:"; cin>>m;cout<<"The steps of moving "<<m<<" disks:"<<endl;hanoi(m,'A','B','C');return 0;}void hanoi(int n,char one,char two,char three) //将n个盘从one座借助two座，移到three座{void move(char x,char y);if(n==1) move(one,three);else{hanoi(n-1,one,three,two);move(one,three);hanoi(n-1,two,one,three);}}void move(char x,char y){cout<<x<<"-->"<<y<<endl;}4.10题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){void convert(int n);int number;cout<<"input an integer:";cin>>number;cout<<"output:"<<endl;if (number<0){cout<<"-";number=-number;}convert(number);cout<<endl;return 0;}void convert(int n){int i;char c;if ((i=n/10)!=0)convert(i);c=n%10+'0';cout<<" "<<c;}4.11题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int f(int);int n,s;cout<<"input the number n:";cin>>n;s=f(n);cout<<"The result is "<<s<<endl;return 0;}int f(int n){;if (n==1)return 1;elsereturn (n*n+f(n-1));}4.12题#include <iostream>#include <cmath>using namespace std;#define S(a,b,c) (a+b+c)/2#define AREA(a,b,c)sqrt(S(a,b,c)*(S(a,b,c)-a)*(S(a,b,c)-b)*(S(a,b,c) -c))int main(){float a,b,c;cout<<"input a,b,c:";cin>>a>>b>>c;if (a+b>c && a+c>b && b+c>a)cout<<"area="<<AREA(a,b,c)<<endl; elsecout<<"It is not a triangle!"<<endl; return 0;}4.14题#include <iostream>using namespace std;//#define LETTER 1int main(){char c;cin>>c;#if LETTERif(c>='a' && c<='z')c=c-32;#elseif(c>='A' && c<='Z')c=c+32;#endifcout<<c<<endl;return 0;}4.15题#include <iostream>using namespace std;#define CHANGE 1int main(){char ch[40];cout<<"input text:"<<endl;;gets(ch);#if (CHANGE){for (int i=0;i<40;i++){if (ch[i]!='\0')if (ch[i]>='a'&& ch[i]<'z'||ch[i]>'A'&& ch[i]<'Z')ch[i]+=1;else if (ch[i]=='z'||ch[i]=='Z')ch[i]-=25;}}#endifcout<<"output:"<<endl<<ch<<endl;return 0;}4.16题file#include <iostream>using namespace std;int a;int main(){extern int power(int);int b=3,c,d,m;cout<<"enter an integer a and its power m:"<<endl;cin>>a>>m;c=a*b;cout<<a<<"*"<<b<<"="<<c<<endl;d=power(m);cout<<a<<"**"<<m<<"="<<d<<endl; return 0;}4.16题fileextern int a;int power(int n){int i,y=1;for(i=1;i<=n;i++)y*=a;return y;}第五章5.1题#include <iostream>#include <iomanip>using namespace std;#include <math.h>int main(){int i,j,n,a[101];for (i=1;i<=100;i++)a[i]=i;a[1]=0;for (i=2;i<sqrt(100);i++)for (j=i+1;j<=100;j++){if(a[i]!=0 && a[j]!=0)if (a[j]%a[i]==0)a[j]=0; }cout<<endl;for (i=1,n=0;i<=100;i++){if (a[i]!=0){cout<<setw(5)<<a[i]<<" ";n++;}if(n==10){cout<<endl;n=0;}}cout<<endl;return 0;}5.2题#include <iostream>using namespace std;//#include <math.h>int main(){int i,j,min,temp,a[11];cout<<"enter data:"<<endl;for (i=1;i<=10;i++){cout<<"a["<<i<<"]=";cin>>a[i]; //输入10个数}cout<<endl<<"The original numbers:"<<endl;;for (i=1;i<=10;i++)cout<<a[i]<<" "; // 输出这10个数cout<<endl;;for (i=1;i<=9;i++) //以下8行是对10个数排序{min=i;for (j=i+1;j<=10;j++)if (a[min]>a[j]) min=j;temp=a[i]; //以下3行将a[i+1]～a[10]中最小者与a[i] 对换a[i]=a[min];a[min]=temp;}cout<<endl<<"The sorted numbers:"<<endl;for (i=1;i<=10;i++) // 输出已排好序的10个数cout<<a[i]<<" ";cout<<endl;return 0;}5.3题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int a[3][3],sum=0;int i,j;cout<<"enter data:"<<endl;;for (i=0;i<3;i++)for (j=0;j<3;j++)cin>>a[i][j];for (i=0;i<3;i++)sum=sum+a[i][i];cout<<"sum="<<sum<<endl;return 0;}5.4题#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int a[11]={1,4,6,9,13,16,19,28,40,100};int num,i,j;cout<<"array a:"<<endl;for (i=0;i<10;i++)cout<<a[i]<<" ";cout<<endl;;cout<<"insert data:";cin>>num;if (num>a[9])a[10]=num;else。
《C语言程序设计(第五版)》习题答案
各章习题参考答案第1章习题参考答案1. 简述C程序的结构特点。
答：(1) 一个C语言源程序由一个或多个源文件组成。
每个源文件由一个或多个函数构成，其中有且仅有一个主函数(main函数)。
(2) 一个函数由函数首部(即函数的第一行)和函数体(即函数首部下面的大括号内的部分)组成。
函数首部包括函数类型、函数名和放在圆括号内的若干个参数。
函数体由声明部分和执行部分组成。
(3) C程序书写格式自由，一行内可以写多条语句，一个语句也可以分写在多行中，每个语句必须以分号结尾。
(4)程序的注释内容放在“/*”和“*/之”间，在‘/’和‘*’之间不允许有空格；注释部分允许出现在程序中的任何位置处。
2. 分析例1.3程序的结构。
答：下面是例1.3的程序，它的结构是：有且只有一个主函数main以及若干个其它函数，还有一个被主函数调用的sumab函数。
函数有首部，包括类型和名称，首部下的大括号中有变量定义、输入、计算和输出等语句。
#include <stdio.h>int sumab (int x, int y); /*函数声明*/int main () /*主函数*/{ int a,b,sum; /*定义变量*/printf("请输入变量a与b的值:"); /*提示信息*/scanf ("%d %d", &a, &b); /*输入变量a和b的值*/sum=sumab(a,b); /*调用sumab函数*/printf("a与b的和等于%d", sum)；/*输出sum的值*/return 0;}int sumab (int x, int y) /*定义sumab函数，并定义形参x、y */{ int z;z=x+y;return z;}3. 分别编写完成如下任务的程序，然后上机编译、连接并运行。
(1) 输出两行字符，第1行是“The computer is our good friends!”，第2行是“We learnC language.”。