托福阅读PPT
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托福阅读技巧完整版ppt课件
典型提问方式
According to the paragraph, which of the following is true of X?
According to the paragraph, X occurred because…
According to the paragraph, X did Y because…
高分技巧 2
Negative factual information questions （非事实信息题 / 否定事实信息题）
问题形式：又称EXCEPT 列举题，即排除列举题。要求判断 哪些信息的是对的（true），哪些信息是错的（false），哪 些是未提及的（not given）。
题目中常会见大写的“NOT”或“EXCEPT”
真题演练 经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为 的，应 当按照 消费者 的要求 增加赔 偿其受 到的损 失，增 加赔偿 的金额 为消费 者购买 商品的 价款或 接受服 务的费 用
直接对比推理
段2：Some nations, especially those who colors and emblems date back several hundred years, have different flags for different official uses. For example, the flag of Poland is a simple rectangle with a white upper half and red lower half. The …
经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为 的，应 当按照 消费者 的要求 增加赔 偿其受 到的损 失，增 加赔偿 的金额 为消费 者购买 商品的 价款或 接受服 务的费 用
According to the paragraph, which of the following is true of X?
According to the paragraph, X occurred because…
According to the paragraph, X did Y because…
高分技巧 2
Negative factual information questions （非事实信息题 / 否定事实信息题）
问题形式：又称EXCEPT 列举题，即排除列举题。要求判断 哪些信息的是对的（true），哪些信息是错的（false），哪 些是未提及的（not given）。
题目中常会见大写的“NOT”或“EXCEPT”
真题演练 经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为 的，应 当按照 消费者 的要求 增加赔 偿其受 到的损 失，增 加赔偿 的金额 为消费 者购买 商品的 价款或 接受服 务的费 用
直接对比推理
段2：Some nations, especially those who colors and emblems date back several hundred years, have different flags for different official uses. For example, the flag of Poland is a simple rectangle with a white upper half and red lower half. The …
经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为 的，应 当按照 消费者 的要求 增加赔 偿其受 到的损 失，增 加赔偿 的金额 为消费 者购买 商品的 价款或 接受服 务的费 用
TOEFL阅读理解之十大题型PPT课件
The hind leg of Basilosaurus was a significant find because it showed that Basilosaurus
A. lived later than Ambulocetus natans
B. lived at the same time as Pakicetus
As a meteorological concept, “eye” refers to a round area in the middle of an extreme wind disturbance.
该例使用了同义词进行同意转述。
Because this area is so small and irregular, it is difficult to observe.
.
2
1. 改写题（ Paraphrasing）
Factual Information questions Negative Factual Information questions Sentence Simplification questions
.
3
① Factual Information questions
TOEFL 阅读理解之十大题型
.
1
TOEFL阅读十大题型之再分类
1. 改写题（Paraphrasing） Factual Information questions (3-6 questions per set) Negative Factual Information questions (0-2 questions per set) Sentence Simplification questions (0-1questions per set) 2. 语篇纽带题（Text Connectors) Reference questions (0-2 questions per set) Insert Text question (0-1 questions per set) 3. 推论题 Inference questions (0-2 questions per set) Rhetorical Purpose questions (0-2 questions per set) 4. 篇章结构题（Text Structure） Prose Summary Fill in Table 5. 词汇题
A. lived later than Ambulocetus natans
B. lived at the same time as Pakicetus
As a meteorological concept, “eye” refers to a round area in the middle of an extreme wind disturbance.
该例使用了同义词进行同意转述。
Because this area is so small and irregular, it is difficult to observe.
.
2
1. 改写题（ Paraphrasing）
Factual Information questions Negative Factual Information questions Sentence Simplification questions
.
3
① Factual Information questions
TOEFL 阅读理解之十大题型
.
1
TOEFL阅读十大题型之再分类
1. 改写题（Paraphrasing） Factual Information questions (3-6 questions per set) Negative Factual Information questions (0-2 questions per set) Sentence Simplification questions (0-1questions per set) 2. 语篇纽带题（Text Connectors) Reference questions (0-2 questions per set) Insert Text question (0-1 questions per set) 3. 推论题 Inference questions (0-2 questions per set) Rhetorical Purpose questions (0-2 questions per set) 4. 篇章结构题（Text Structure） Prose Summary Fill in Table 5. 词汇题
托福阅读PPT
• 拆分位置： • 连词 • 关系代词 • 冒号和分号 • 任意非简单句都可以表示成层次化结构。 • 层次化结构的表示形式：并列 + 嵌套的树形 结构
括号匹配法
• 1.画左括号的条件：出现连接句子的关联词 时： • ①(关联词＋非完整句 ②关联词＋(完整句 • 2.画右括号的条件： • ①句子终结 • －终结的标点符号(冒号，感叹号，分号) • －后续内容与当前句无关 • ②连接句子的并列连词之前或者分号之前
The technique of direct carving was a break with the nineteenth-century tradition in which (1the making of a clay model was considered the creative act)1 and (2the work was then turned over to studio assistants to be cast in plaster or bronze or carved in marble)2.
• 3.指代关系题 Reference Questions
解题原则
• 1.前指原则：被指带对象通常出现 在所考代词之前 • 2.语法原则：代词和被指带对象的 属性和性质必须一致（主谓一致， 人称一致）
新托福阅强化读
赵紫威
第一章
托福阅读简介
解释成绩
在ETS保留的时间是2年，在学校申请日 期截止前一个月考完即可
相关复习资料
• 资料和机经下载：寄托，太傻，小马过河， emule等 • 课外资料： • National Geography • 大百科全书：微软大百科、大英百科、wiki encyclopedia • 原版教材、美国大学公开课、TTC 、China daily等英文期刊
《托福基础阅读讲义》课件
议论文
总结词
阐述观点、论证立场
详细描述
议论文主要通过提出观点、进行论证和反驳论点等手段，说服读者接受作者的观 点。在托福阅读中，议论文可能涉及政治、经济、社会、文化等领域，要求考生讲述故事、事件或经历
详细描述
记叙文主要通过叙述故事、事件或经历的方式，向读者传达某种情感或意义。在托福阅读中，记叙文可能涉及文 学、历史、传记等领域，要求考生理解故事情节并进行推理分析。
THANKS FOR WATCHING
感谢您的观看
提高英语阅读能力
通过托福阅读考试的训练 ，考生可以提高英语阅读 能力，增强对英文文献的 理解。
托福阅读考试评分标准
评分标准
托福阅读考试的评分标准主要根 据考生对文章的理解程度和答题 的准确性来评定，具体评分标准 可参考官方指南。
分数计算
托福阅读考试的成绩计算是根据 考生的答题数量和答题质量来综 合评定的，具体的计算方法可参 考官方指南。
段落主题句定位
关注段落的主题句，通常位于段 落的开头或结尾，以获取关键信
息。
逻辑关系定位
利用句子之间的逻辑关系，如因 果、转折、并列等，找到关键信
息。
推理判断技巧
推断作者意图
推断事实细节
通过分析文章中的信息和语气，推断 作者的意图和态度。
根据文章中的信息和逻辑关系，推断 事实的细节和具体内容。
推断文章主题
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托福阅读备考策略
提高词汇量
总结词
积累词汇是提高阅读理解能力的关键 。
详细描述
建议考生制定一个详细的词汇计划， 每天记忆一定数量的新单词，并复习 已学过的词汇。可以通过阅读英文文 章、听力材料、英文电影和电视剧等 途径来增加词汇量。
托福阅读四插入句子题ppt课件
解题思路
Suggestion 1 在段落之前的空，一般为错，因为每段的中心都在第一句，如果把第一句改变了，也就
改变句意了 Suggestion 2
空后有代词they，it的，一般是不对的。（因为代词不能跨句，如果在代词前面加一句 话，就会改变代词的指代对象。但是有例外存在，比如一段中只有一个主语。） Suggestion 3
han that of a public school. (话题词同义改写)
8
为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社 会主义 思想和 党的十 九大精 神,贯彻 全国教 育大会 精神, 充分发 挥中小 学图书 室育人 功能
Cohesive devices
4. 过渡性词和词组(Transitional phrases/transitional adverbs) 上面讲到的三种句间关系属 于隐性关系。隐性关系通过上下句的语义关系体现。现在，我们要讲的是句子间的显 性关系，即通过明显的逻辑连词或副词来体现句间关系。这些显性关系词包括以下类 别。
Today's teachers are faced with a stark choice. They must decide whether to teach in a way that helps student pass standardized exams or teach in a way that actually helps students learn.
Before choosing a public or private school for their children, parents should ta
ke into account the cost. The price of a private school is usually much higher t
Suggestion 1 在段落之前的空，一般为错，因为每段的中心都在第一句，如果把第一句改变了，也就
改变句意了 Suggestion 2
空后有代词they，it的，一般是不对的。（因为代词不能跨句，如果在代词前面加一句 话，就会改变代词的指代对象。但是有例外存在，比如一段中只有一个主语。） Suggestion 3
han that of a public school. (话题词同义改写)
8
为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社 会主义 思想和 党的十 九大精 神,贯彻 全国教 育大会 精神, 充分发 挥中小 学图书 室育人 功能
Cohesive devices
4. 过渡性词和词组(Transitional phrases/transitional adverbs) 上面讲到的三种句间关系属 于隐性关系。隐性关系通过上下句的语义关系体现。现在，我们要讲的是句子间的显 性关系，即通过明显的逻辑连词或副词来体现句间关系。这些显性关系词包括以下类 别。
Today's teachers are faced with a stark choice. They must decide whether to teach in a way that helps student pass standardized exams or teach in a way that actually helps students learn.
Before choosing a public or private school for their children, parents should ta
ke into account the cost. The price of a private school is usually much higher t
托福阅读中的逻辑关系ppt课件
2、表示“由…而来”的词
o derive from, result from, come from, originate from, initiate from, ▪ His illness resulted from bad food.
逻辑关系(3):比较结构--隐藏
1.自身含有最高级含义的词； maximum, favorite, outstanding, top... -The maximum speed of this car is 150 miles per hour
✓ The delay is owing to the crowded traffic. ✓ This book is different from that book in that this
one is about chemistry and that one about history.
逻辑关系(2):因果--隐藏
逻辑关系(4)--并列与转折
1．表示并列关系 likewise,in (much) the same way,similarly/similar to, vice versa,also/as well as,not only … but also …, both … and …, neither … nor …, like/just like, equally, or/and
否定后缀
• 需注意的三个否定后缀：
-less、-free、-prng a hat • salt-free: without salt • a bulletproof car: a car designed not to
be harmed by bullets
逻辑关系(3)--条件
o derive from, result from, come from, originate from, initiate from, ▪ His illness resulted from bad food.
逻辑关系(3):比较结构--隐藏
1.自身含有最高级含义的词； maximum, favorite, outstanding, top... -The maximum speed of this car is 150 miles per hour
✓ The delay is owing to the crowded traffic. ✓ This book is different from that book in that this
one is about chemistry and that one about history.
逻辑关系(2):因果--隐藏
逻辑关系(4)--并列与转折
1．表示并列关系 likewise,in (much) the same way,similarly/similar to, vice versa,also/as well as,not only … but also …, both … and …, neither … nor …, like/just like, equally, or/and
否定后缀
• 需注意的三个否定后缀：
-less、-free、-prng a hat • salt-free: without salt • a bulletproof car: a car designed not to
be harmed by bullets
逻辑关系(3)--条件
TOEFL阅读理解之十大题型PPT课件
○ Since functional applied-art objects vary only within certain limits, arbitrary decisions cannot have determined their general form.
7
② Sentence Simplification questions
句子简化题与细节题在本质上类似，都是对原句的改写 句子简化题应注意两点：文间逻辑关系一致；核心信息点
一致 问题形式：Which of the following best expresses the
essential information in the highlighted sentence? Incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
According to the passage, why did states need private companies’ help in road building?
A. The states were unable to build roads themselves financially B. Private companies could spend less time completing roads C. The states did not have as much equipment as private companies D. Private companies had more knowledge of the interior
5ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
7
② Sentence Simplification questions
句子简化题与细节题在本质上类似，都是对原句的改写 句子简化题应注意两点：文间逻辑关系一致；核心信息点
一致 问题形式：Which of the following best expresses the
essential information in the highlighted sentence? Incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
According to the passage, why did states need private companies’ help in road building?
A. The states were unable to build roads themselves financially B. Private companies could spend less time completing roads C. The states did not have as much equipment as private companies D. Private companies had more knowledge of the interior
5ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
《新托福阅读》课件
词汇积累
通过记忆单词、词组和固 定搭配，增加词汇量，提 高阅读理解能力。
同义词替换
学习并掌握同义词替换技 巧，丰富表达方式，提高 阅读流畅度。
语境中学习词汇
在具体语境中理解词汇含 义和用法，加深记忆。
熟悉题型和解题技巧
题型分析
了解托福阅读考试中不同题型的 出题方式和解题要求，做到心中
有数。
解题技巧
05
新托福阅读备考策略
提高阅读速度和效率
01
02
03
快速阅读训练
通过速读练习，提高阅读 速度和理解能力，减少阅 读过程中的回视和重读现 象。
限时阅读
在规定时间内完成阅读任 务，培养时间意识和紧迫 感，提高阅读效率。
精读与泛读结合
在精读基础上，增加泛读 练习，提高阅读广度和理 解深度。
扩大词汇量
掌握不同题型的解题技巧和方法， 如定位、筛选、推断等，提高答题 正确率。
模拟题练习
通过模拟题练习，熟悉题型和解题 技巧，提高应试能力。
多做模拟题和真题
模拟题选择
选择质量较高、难度适中的模拟 题进行练习，提高解题能力和应
试水平。
真题回顾
回顾历年托福阅读真题，了解考 试趋势和出题规律，针对性地进
行备考。
定位关键信息
找到问题中提到的关键信息和 细节，并回到原文关系，如因果关系、比较关 系等。
推断结论
根据分析出的逻辑关系，推断 出问题的答案。
排除干扰选项
排除与文章信息不符或逻辑关 系不成立的选项。
长难句理解技巧
分析句子结构
注意句子的主谓宾结构，以及从句、短语等 修饰成分。
推理题分析
总结词
推理题是一种要求考生根据文章内容进行推理判断的题型， 主要测试考生的逻辑推理能力。
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Words to show persuation or evaluation first, second, third/should, must, ought to/therefore/in summary, in conclusion
Lake Baikal
The Postage Stamp
The Clovis Culture
第二題之回答 1. Do you think family education is important or not? Why?________________________________________________. 2. Do you think internet communication will influence children? Why?________________________________________________. 3. Which do you think is more important, study with friends or alone? Why?_________________________________________________. 4. Do you think environmental protection is important? Why?_________________________________________________.
3. Philip Luttgen, satirical columnist for the Daily Views, will give a rebuttal entitled “Hat Is An Author?” Fact or opinion? . 4. The national coal strike, now into its seventh week, has caused untold hardships on the miners, their families, and the rest of the winterweary nation. Fact or opinion? 5. Janet Guthrie, world famous auto racer, was the least nervous driver at the Indy 500. Fact or opinion?
Words to show comparison and contrast like/similar to/differ from/compared with/in comparison/similarly/in the same way/whereas/ conversely/in spite of/despite Words to show cause and effect as a consequence/as a result/thus/therefore/because/for this reason/since/so
My favorite book is____________________________. Why? 1.__________________ 2._____________________. Example_________________________________________. My favorite sportis_____________________________. Why? 1.___________________ 2.____________________. Example__________________________________________. My favorite holiday is___________________________. Why? 1.___________________ 2.______________________. Example___________________________________________. My favorite music is_______________________________. Why? 1.___________________ 2._______________________. My favorite person is_______________________________. Why? 1.___________________ 2.________________________. Example______________________________________________.
And following article: I am the very pattern of a modern Major-General; I've information vegetable, animal, and mineral; I know the Kings of England, and I quote the fights historical, From Marathon to Waterloo, in order categorical; I'm very well acquainted too with matters mathematical, I understand equations, both simple and quadratical.
Decide the writing style by topics Topic Content Settlement patterns Classification The functions of Art Description How important is Economy? Explanation Causes of Miopia Cause and effect
Writing Style Practice
Types of chemical substances A history of Indians Black Holes Introduction to Geophysics
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
Keywords to find Facts Words to show definition ...is known as/...is called as/...is/...is refered to as/.../means Words to show description and examples ...consists of/...adjective/...for exmaple/...for instance/ly/...specifically/ ...that is/
英代托福
2011. 10. 15
Factual Information
閱讀必考題型。每題可考2-3題。 考點在事實、細節、定義及作者提供其他訊息。通常 不會考段落主旨。但是，先了解段落主旨在哪是答題 先了解段落主旨在哪是答題 關鍵。 關鍵。 提問方式為: According to the passage, which/what/how/why is true? The author’s description of S.T. Menas that... According to the paragraph, ST. Occurs because...
Words to show classification ...kinds of/...types/...classes of/...groups of/...parts of/...properties of/...characteristics of/ ...varieties of/ words to show sequence: chronologies or process firstly, secondly. thirdly/next, then, last/finally/before/at the same time/meanwhile/as soon as subsequently/eventually/steps/stages/phases
Clovis Culture
Brown Dwarf
Delivery Practice
預先準備第一題之回答 My favororite pastime is_____________________. My favorite teacher is_______________________. Why? 1.__________________ 2.___________________. Example_______________________________________. My favorite city is_______________________. Why? 1.__________________ 2.____________________. Example________________________________________. My favorite class is__________________________. Why? 1.__________________ 2.____________________.
Tips to all the speaking questions
1. Speak loudly. 2. Be confident. 3. Practice reading 135 words per minute. 4. Answer directly to the points. 5. Time repsonse right. 6. Try not to use too many verbal pauses(well, oh, um, o.k.). Four academic skills are important in speaking section: note-taking, paraphrasing, summarizing, synthesizeing.