2018届北京市各区高三英语一模二模试卷题型分类专题汇编--阅读理解B篇 -学生版(已校对)

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

B

Most kids love breaks, but for Hannah Kristan, a break was her least favorite part of the school day. “I never got to do anything except sit there,” she recalls.

Hannah was born with a disease that kept the bones in her back from forming properly. She uses a wheelchair. Sadly, for kids like her, most playground equipment is off limits. In fact, Hannah is one of 5 million kids in the United States who cannot use traditional playground equipment because of some type of disability.

Then Hannah heard about Boundless Playgrounds—playgrounds without limits for children with disabilities. The wonderful group behind Boundless Playgrounds helps communities create special playgrounds for children of all abilities. There are swings and sandboxes specially designed for kids with physical disabilities. Kids with vision problems can enjoy the movement of swings and also use musical activities such as chime walls. Since her hometown in Connecticut had nothing like it, Hannah helped raise money for this new kind of playground.

The inspiration for Boundless Playgrounds was a playground created by Amy Jaffe Barzach. It is named Jonathan’s Dream in honor of her son. Jonathan’s Dream and many Boundless Playgrounds around the country have a glider swing that can be used by kids who use wheelchairs and their friends. The glider swing at Jonathan’s Dream was designed by Matthew Cavedon, who wasn’t even 10 years old at the time. Ma tthew was motivated because he used a wheelchair himself and wanted to be able to have fun at playgrounds with other kids, regardless of their physical abilities or disabilities.

The basic idea behind Boundless Playground is that play is both part of the joy of childhood and an important way for children to learn about the world. Kids who are kept away from playgrounds are denied this enjoyment as well as the learning. Far from being a place of happy excitement, traditional playgrounds are often places of separation and loneliness for those who can’t join in the fun.

Contrary to some strict ideas about what a playground for children with special needs should

be like, a Boundless Playground is every bit as colorful and challenging as a traditional playground. That’s why it is inviting and fun for all children. And for Hanna, Matthew, and other kids like them, a playground like this is also a dream that comes true.

40. What did Hannah Kristan do?

A. She designed Boundless Playground.

B. She invented a swing for the disabled.

C. She collected money for the playground.

D. She donated equipment to her hometown.

41. We can learn from the passage that Boundless Playgrounds _____________.

A. provide training instructions for the disabled

B. borrowed the idea from Jonathan’s Dream

C. were invented by Amy Jaffe Barzach

D. are financed by communities

42. What is Hanna and Matthew’s dream?

A. To overcome their disabilities.

B. To receive special physical training.

C. To get equal chances of playing and learning.

D. To acquire understanding from their fellow students.

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

B

Five days a week, 28-year-old Ebony Smith arrives at Changing Gears Bike Shop at10:50 a.m., ten minutes before opening. Walking into the shop, she turns on the lights, opens the register, and reviews the repair orders. For the next several hours she will repair bikes with professional skill and care, and guide customers through bike choices like an experienced rider, learning about their needs and preferences, and helping them to find the perfect fit.

Although Smith had almost no experience riding a bike and didn't even enjoy riding one when she first came to Changing Gears, she has stayed in the position for nearly a decade now,

and her customers are thankful to her heartfelt assistance. What's more, many of the shop visitors are youth from families living in low-income housing named Alameda Point. Smith lived in this neighborhood throughout her childhood, and to these youngsters and families she is a positive role model-someone determined to succeed in spite of educational and financial struggles.

When she first began at Changing Gears at 19 years old, Smith was living with her parents, who struggled to make a living. She had failed to earn a high school diploma when she didn't pass California’s high school exit exam. However, when a three-month job training position opened at the bike shop in 2008, Smith took a chance to, as she says, "turn her life around". She signed up and was quickly hired.

Smith is just one of the thousands of Changing Gears' employees around the world, and her continued success at Changing Gears embodies the shop's duty to "operate a bicycle-based social enterprise that meets the needs of the underprivileged of our local area".

In addition, the shop has a strong environmental focus, which includes bicycle reuse and recycling. Throughout the years Changing Gears has also engaged youth and families in bicycle field trips and provided free bicycle parking and repair service at local farmers' markets in order to encourage bike riding as a practical and green form of transportation.

Through its blending(协调) of effective small business practices with a social and environmental duty, Changing Gears stays inspired to use bicycles as a vehicle for social change.

39. What can we learn about Ebony Smith?

A. She is a bike shop owner.

B. She is a professional rider.

C. She has a good knowledge of bikes.

D. She has a lot of shopping experience.

40. What helped Ebony Smith get into the career?

A. Family support.

B. Personal interest.

C. Training opportunity.

D. High school education.

41. What does the underlined word "embodies" in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

A. Be an example of.

B. Be the reason for.

C. Be similar to.

D. Be modeled after.

42. Which of the following is Changing Gears' duty?

A. Making bike donations.

B. Offering help to the poor people.

C. Improving bike-riding techniques.

D. Drawing people's attention to bike enterprises.

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

B

Most heroes are not super. They don’t appear in comic books, on television, or in movies. They just do what they believe needs to be done to make their world a better place. Bike Batman is one of them.

Bike Batman is a 30-year-old married engineer who lives in Seattl e, Washington. He’s a cyclist who also buys and sells bikes as a hobby.

About three years ago, he was looking for a bike for his wife. He found one on Craigslist, a website where people list things they want to sell. As he often does, he also looked at Bike Index, a popular website that allows users to register their bikes and post reports when they’re taken. The bike, which he was considering purchasing, clearly matched one reported stolen on Bike Index. Then he called the person who claimed to be the bike’s owner and arranged to meet him—supposedly to complete the sale. When the two men met, Bike Batman told the thief, “You’ve got two options. You can wait until a police officer gets here, or you can just get out of here.” You can imagine what the thief did.

After that first success, Bike Batman developed a safer routine. When he sees questionable bike ads on Craigslist, he cross-references the image with bikes reported on Bike Index. Once he has confirmed it with the owner, he arranges a meet-up with the thief and will call the Seattle police department so that officers can participate in the action. In more than half of the 22 cases in which he has got back and returned bikes, the thieves have been arrested. In one case, Bike Batman even helped a family recover a wide range of prized possessions that suspects had stolen during a home burglary.

His nickname came from a discussion with a police officer who suggested he be called “Robin Hood”. Since he wasn’t exa ctly stealing from the rich and giving to the poor, “Batman”

seemed a better fit. The idea of a superhero punishing criminals feels pretty silly to him, but the main reason he continues his work is to keep up Seattle’s reputation as a friendly city.

39. Bike Batman is _____.

A. a superhero

B. a website manager

C. a Seattle citizen

D. a police officer

40. When Bike Batman discovers a questionable bike, he will first _____.

A. contact the owner of the stolen bike

B. look up the bike’s information

C. call the police department

D. arrange to meet the thief

41. Bike Batman helps find the lost bikes to _____.

A. become famous

B. help poor people

C. punish bike thieves

D. build a friendly city

42. From the passage, we can learn that _____.

A. Bike Batman felt relieved to see the thieves arrested

B. Bike Batman began his good deeds by accident

C. the police failed to perform their duties

D. the thieves refused to return the bikes

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

B

Indian-origin Anvitha Vijay has given a new meaning to the phrase “age is just a number”; she has proved that achievements and knowledge follow passion and not just age and experience.

Vijay, who lives with her parents in Melbourne, Australia, at the age of seven realised that her piggy bank did not have enough money to hire a developer to make her an app, so she decided to teach herself how to code. With the help of YouTube videos, the young techie learned to code. For one entire year, she watched multiple coding tutorials on the web and became a programmer herself.

Vijay’s inspiration for developing the apps was her little sister, who was still learning to talk. Therefore, Vijay developed an education al app for children that were her sister’s age. The app is

called Smartkins, which uses about 100 sounds and flashcards of different animals that help children learn and identify. Later, Vijay developed a similar iOS app for children to identify and learn colors. Each app has been downloaded thousands of times.

Anvitha’s skills won her a scholarship to attend a big tech conference hosted by Apple in San Francisco, California. There, she got tips from the pros. She went to workshops where she learned about the latest software for app building.

All that training led to an idea for a third app. This one, called GoalsHi, inspires kids to practice good habits. Users are rewarded for achieving goals, such as eating their vegetables or practicing piano. Anvitha says the rewards are like getting a sticker for a job well done.

Anvitha’s goal is to continue creating technology that helps kids learn while having fun. But even more important to her is that the world sees the power of technology in kids’ hands. “The more training we get in tech at an early age,” she says, “the better chance we have of becoming creativity champions who will one day change the world.”

39. Vijay taught herself to code because _____.

A. she couldn’t afford a developer

B. her sister begged her

C. she valued her savings very much

D. her parents had confidence in her

40. Vijay’s app GoalsHi intends to help kids _____.

A. identify colors

B. practice good habits

C. learn different animals

D. get in tech at an early age

41. What is the right order of the events?

a. Learning the latest software for app building.

b. Teaching herself how to code.

c. Developing Smartkins app.

d. Building iOS app.

A. cbad

B. bacd

C. bcda

D. cdab

42. Vijay’s story indicates that _____.

A. one head cannot hold all wisdom

B. passion fuels the young to achieve

C. from small beginnings come great things

D. all things are difficult before they are easy

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

B

Dream in Heart

On the first day of school our professor introduced a new classmate—a wrinkled little old lady—to us. Her name was Rose, and she was eighty-seven years old.

After class Rose and I walked to the Student Union Building and shared a chocolate milk-shake. She told me she always dreamed of having a college education and now she was getting one. We became instant friends. Every day for the following months, we would leave class together and talk nonstop. I was a lways attracted, listening to this “ time machine” as she shared her wisdom and experience with me.

Rose became famous and easily made friends wherever she went. She tended to be highly motivated,responsible, and deeply involved in class participation. In spare time she had someone hang out or go to bars with. She even participated in some form of athletic activity. She said that extra-curricular activities can form a vital part of her experience, creating unique chances for friendship and learning.

At the end of the term we invited Rose to speak at our football meal. A little embarrassed, she leaned into the microphone and simply said, “ I’ m sorry I’ m so nervous.” As we laughed, she cleared her throat and began, “ We do not stop playing because we are old; we grow old because we stop playing. There is a huge difference between growing older and growing up. If you’ re nineteen years old and lie in bed for one full year, you will turn twenty. If I’ m eighty-seven years old and stay in bed for a year, I will turn eighty-eight. Anybody can grow older. It’ s non-optional but that doesn’ t take any talent or ability. The idea is to grow up by always finding the chance in change. In this way the elderly don’ t have regrets for what they did, but rather for things they did not do.” Rose concluded her speech by courageously singing “ The Rose” . She challenged us to study the words of the song and lived them out in daily lives.

At the year’ s end Rose finished the college degree she had begun all those years ago. One week after graduation Rose died peacefully in her sleep. Over two thousand college students

attended her funeral in honor of the wonderful woman who taught by example that it’ s never too late to be all you can possibly be.

39. Why does the author compar e Rose to “ time machine” in Paragraph 2?

A. To stress her old age and knowledge of life.

B. To describe the close friendship between them.

C. To show that she always enjoyed her active life.

D. To explain why she took on a challenge in college.

40. Rose was invited to speak at the football meal most probably because ______.

A. she was a great football fan

B. she was the smartest student

C. she tried hard to achieve her dream

D. she became more educated than the others

41. We can learn that Rose agreed with the idea that ______.

A. growing older means growing up

B. it takes talent and ability to grow up

C. receiving high education helps to be courageous

D. one grows older at the same time when he grows up

42. The passage is intended to ______.

A. provide an example for the elderly

B. discuss how to grow up quickly

C. tell the importance of attending college

D. inspire the readers to live up to lives

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

B

The Handshake

I don’t remember the exact date I met Marty for the first time. Like a lot of people who want to get through a checkout line, I found my thoughts on speed, nothing more. The line I was

s tanding in wasn’t moving as quickly as I wanted, and I glanced toward the cashier, who was receiving money from customers.

He was an old man in his sixties. I thought, well, it probably took him a little longer to get the jobs done. For the next few minutes I watched him. He greeted every customer before he began scanning the goods they were purchasing. Sure, his words were the usual, “How’s it going?” But he did something different—he actually listened to people. Then he would respond to what they had said and talk with them briefly.

I thought it was strange, but I guessed I had grown accustomed to people asking me how I was doing simply out of a conversation without thinking. Usually, a fter a while, you don’t give any thought to the question and just say something back quietly.

This old cashier seemed sincere about wanting to know how people were feeling. Meanwhile, the high-tech cash register rang up their purchases and he announced what they owed. When customers handed money to him, he pushed the appropriate keys, the cash drawer popped open, and he counted out their change.

Then magic happened.

He placed the change in his left hand, walked around the counter to the customers, and extended his right hand in an act of friendship. As their hands met, the old cashier looked the customers in the eyes. “I want to thank you for shopping here today,”he told them. “You have a great day. Bye-bye.” The looks on the faces of the customers were priceless.

Now it was my turn. I glanced down at the name tag on his red waistcoat, the kind experienced Wal-Mart cashier wore. It read, “Marty.”

Marty told me how much I owed and I handed him some money. The next thing I knew he was standing beside me, offering his right hand and holding my change in his left hand. His kind eyes locked onto mine. Smiling, and with a firm handshake…

39. While the author stood in the checkout line, she felt ______.

A. comfortable

B. enthusiastic

C. impatient

D. embarrassed

40. In the opinion of the author, people tended to ______.

A. remain calm while having a talk

B. talk about unimportant topics

C. develop a mindless conversation

D. face communication problems

41. The author thought Marty special because ______.

A. he spent as much time as possible serving customers

B. he was patient with all the questions from customers

C. he showed particular interest in customers’ personal life

D. he expressed his sincerity while giving back the change

42. What can we infer from the passage?

A. Marty was a talkative man.

B. Marty cared a lot about what he did.

C. The author failed to get along well with others.

D. The author was dissatisfied with such a waste of time.

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

B

Ladies and Gentlemen,

I want to begin by telling you about some people I know.

Martin McLeod, 94-year old, is still in good health, but no longer drives. When he goes to the doctor or the grocery store, someone must pick him up.

Emily Sanders, a university student, has to ride a bike across town to school every day because she can’t afford a car or the expensive rent near the university. One day in January, while riding down Chatula Street, she broke her ankle. She ended up dropping out of school because of no transportation.

Martin and Emily are people who would benefit if our city invested in a more comprehensive public transportation system. But they are not the only ones, for I am convinced that you, too, would benefit. Let me explain why.

Consider first the cost. Let’s say Hannah buys a used car for $10,000 and uses it for ten years. She spends $1,000 per year just to own it. She easily spends $4,000 per year on insurance, gas, parking, safety inspections, tune-ups and repairs. Suppose, however, the city public transportation could cost Hannah less than $300 a year.