17.初中英语语法讲义--被动语态
初中英语语法被动语态讲解课件
7．I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night．
My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night. 过去进行时： S+ was/were+being+过去分词
6．We have made twenty more keys．
4.The trees must ___C__ three times a week. A. water B. is watering C. be watered D. waters 5.Another new building \__A__last month near my school. A. was built B. built C. has been built D. is built
The room will be cleaned by Tom tomorrow.
一般将来时;will be+动词的过去分词
5. Some workers are painting the rooms now．
The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词
A can send to
B can send on
C can be sent to D can be sent on
3. In summer meat and fruit _A_for a long time.
A can’t be kept B doesn’t keep
C is not kept
初中英语语法教学专题讲座被动语态
初中英语语法教学专题讲座被动语态初中英语语法教学专题讲座——被动语态黄牛蹄中学田忠勤一、语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。
有些短语动词，“动词+介词”、“动词+副词”、“动词+名词+介词”，其作用相当于及物动词，也有被动语态。
二、被动语态的基本结构：be+动词的过去分词●动词的过去分词的构成：1. 规则变化：(与动词的过去式的规则变化相同。
)1）一般情况加-ed；2）以e结尾只加-d；3）辅音字母加y，变y为i，加-ed;4）以重读闭音节结尾，而且末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed 。
2.不规则变化：（详见不规则动词表）温馨提示：不规则动词见一个记一个。
三、被动语态的时态：●助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为系动词完全一样。
1.一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态：was /were +动词的过去分词3.一般将来时的被动语态：will be +动词的过去分词am/is/are going to +be + 过去分词4.现在进行时的被动语态：am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态：have /has +been +动词的过去分词6.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词●当一个句子中有两个助动词时，在变否定句和一般疑问句时，在第一个助动词后加not变否定句，把第一个助动词提前到主语之前变一般问句。
四、被动语态的基本用法:( 1 ) 需要强调动作的承受者，动作的承受者是谈话的中心时The Great Wall is enjoyed by millions of people all over the worldEnglish is widely spoken in the world now.( 2 ) 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时Mr. Wang is invited to the meeting today .The problem is dealt with now .( 3 )动作的执行者是泛指或不言自明时（4）句中的主语不是人时（5）当说话人需要强调客观时It is said / reported / believed / well known / thought / suggested that…It has been decided that…大家决定It must be remembered that…务必记住的是It is said that she was a beauty when she was young .五、主动主动语态变被动语态的变法：口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done , 时态不改变，be在人称和数上必须与被动语态的主语保持一致。
初中英语语法：被动语态
初中英语语法：被动语态概念：英语有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者或发出者,被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者.构成：被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成；含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词"构成被动语态的否定式是在助动词后加否定词not；而疑问式是将助动词移到主语前面即可Stamps can be used for sending letters. 邮票能用来寄信。
He was asked to go to the meeting immediately。
他被要求立刻去参加这个会议。
This kind of bike is not made in Tianjin. 这种自行车不是天津制造的。
Is this kind of bike make in Tianjin？这种自行车是在天津制造的吗?用法1.当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁或没有必要知道时，常用被动语态。
These desks are made of wood。
这些桌子是由木头做成的.2。
当需要强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态。
Dictionaries can’t be used in the English exam. 词典不能在英语测试中使用。
3.为了使语气婉转、避免提到自己或对方、或由于修饰的需要而使用被动语态。
The homework must be handed in next Monday。
作业必须下周一交上。
被动语态的转换步骤：当主动语态变为被动语态时，通常要经过四步:1.先确定主动句的主、谓、宾，找出其谓语动词。
2.把主动句中谓语动词后面的宾语变成被动句的主语,若宾语是人称代词时，应把宾格变为主格3。
把主动句中的谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词"，但时态不能改变。
4。
把主动句中谓语动词前面的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语(没必要说出动作的执行者时可略去“by+宾语”）,若主语是人称代词时，应把主格变成宾格。
初中英语语法——动词的被动语态
动词的被动语态【用法讲解】考试要求：中考要求掌握：动词的主动语态和被动语态区别与使用，不同时态的被动语态形式及情态动词的被动语态形式。
英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态，主动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动作的执行者；被动语态是表示句子的主语是谓语动作的承受者。
如：We often clean the blackboard.（我们是擦黑板的执行者即主动语态）The blackboard is often cleaned by us. （黑板是clean的承受者即被动语态）。
1. 被动语态的结构一般现在时：am / is / are + 及物动词的过去分词一般过去时：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词一般将来时：will / shall be + 及物动词的过去分词现在完成时：have / has been + 及物动词的过去分词现在进行时：am / is / are being + 及物动词的过去分词过去完成时：had been + 及物动词的过去分词如：You are wanted on the phone. 有你的电话。
China was liberated in 1949. 1949年中国解放。
The problem will be discussed tomorrow.明天将对这个问题进行讨论。
Not a book in the library has been taken away.图书馆里没有一本书被人拿走。
My bike is being repaired.我的自行车正在修理。
The book had been borrowed when I got to the library.我到了图书馆时,那本书已经借出去了。
2. 主动语态与被动语态的转换（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词），根据被动语态句子里主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式。
初中英语——被动语态讲解(共43张PPT)
2. ---Did you call everybody to take part in the party? ---Yes,the invitations____to them. A. have sent B. was sent C. is sent D. have been sent
3. No decision___ about the environment protection until all the students and teachers arrive.
6. ---- Have you handed in your schoolwork yet?
---- Yes, I have. I guess it__ . A. has graded B. is graded C. is grading D. has been graded
7. A coat can warm. A.is used
(hold) every four years.
3.The 2012 Olympics _w_e_r_e_h__el_d_____
(hold) in London .
4.The problem _is__g_o_in_g__t_o_b_e__d_is_c_ussed
(discuss) at the meeting tomorrow .
A. need repairing B. needs to repair C. needs repairing D. need to repair
*This table wants cleaning. =This table wants to be cleaned.
1. The water___ cold at this time of
初中英语语法——被动语态用法总结归纳
初中英语语法——被动语态用法总结归纳被动语态是英语语法中的一种重要的句型结构，用来表示主语是动作的承受者，或者是主语被动地接受了其中一种行为或影响。
在被动语态中，动作的执行者通常不被说明，而动作的接受者（主语）成为句子的重点。
被动语态的结构是：“be”动词的适当形式 + 过去分词被动语态的时态、语态和主动语态一样，即可以变换时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等）和语态（进行时、完成时等）。
下面对被动语态的几个方面进行总结归纳。
1.一般现在时被动语态：一般现在时被动语态的结构是：“am/is/are”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：They make cars.- 被动语态：Cars are made by them.2.一般过去时被动语态：一般过去时被动语态的结构是：“was/were”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：She cooked dinner.- 被动语态：Dinner was cooked by her.3.一般将来时被动语态：一般将来时被动语态的结构是：“will be”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：You will clean the room.- 被动语态：The room will be cleaned by you.4.进行时被动语态：进行时被动语态的结构是：“am/is/are being”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：They are painting the wall.- 被动语态：The wall is being painted by them.5.完成时被动语态：完成时被动语态的结构是：“has/have been”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：She has written a book.- 被动语态：A book has been written by her.需要注意的是，被动语态的主语通常不是动作的执行者，所以经常用于下面几种情况：-当动作的执行者不得而知或不重要时，使用被动语态。
初中英语语法被动语态
初中英语语法被动语态一、被动语态的基本知识1．什么叫动词的语态？表示谓语与主语之间的关系的动词形式叫做语态，分为主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
2．被动语态的形式1) 被动语态的基本形式为助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词，即be done。
被动语态的不同时态是通过助动词be的时态变化来体现的，其人称和数方面应与主语保持一致。
在初中阶段要求掌握八种时态的被动语态和含有情态动词的被动语态，其具体变化为：一般现在时的被动语态：am／is／are done一般过去时的被动语态：was／were done现在完成时的被动语态：have ／has been done过去完成时的被动语态：had been done现在进行时的被动语态：am／is／are being done过去进行时的被动语态：was / were being done一般将来时的被动语态：shall ／will be done过去将来时的被动语态：should ／would be done含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词＋be done2）被动语态的否定式:在第一个助动词后加not构成。
3）被动语态的疑问式：把第一个助动词提到主语之前,句尾加问号构成。
例如：Where did they grow vegetables？（改为被动语态）Where _____ vegetables ______? (2002 福州) (答案: were, grown)3．被动语态的用法英语中，一般在以下几种情况下使用被动语态：1）不知道动作的执行者是谁, 或者没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者。
2）强调动作的承受者, 此时如想同时指出动作的执行者,可用“by +动作执行者”来表示。
例如：Chinese _______ by the largest number of people. （2002 长沙）A. speakB. is speakingC. speaksD. is spoken( 答案：D )一、被动语态的中考焦点及复习策略1．被动语态的考查形式可见于多种题型，如：选择填空、句型转换、翻译填空等。
初中被动语态讲解
初中被动语态讲解一、什么是被动语态被动语态是英语中的一种句子结构，用来表达动作的接受者是动作的执行者。
在被动语态中，被动的动作承受者成为句子的主语，而动作的执行者则成为句子的宾语。
二、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成主要由“助动词be(包括am, is, are, was, were等) + 过去分词”组成。
例如：主动语态：Tom wrote a letter.被动语态：A letter was written by Tom.三、被动语态的用法1. 当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁或不重要时，可以使用被动语态。
例如：The cake was eaten.（这个蛋糕被吃了。
）2. 当我们希望强调动作的接受者时，可以使用被动语态。
例如：The new building was designed by a famous architect.（这座新建筑是由一位著名的建筑师设计的。
）3. 当我们希望避免重复使用动作的执行者时，可以使用被动语态。
例如：The car was repaired yesterday.（这辆车昨天被修好了。
）四、被动语态的时态被动语态的时态与主动语态的时态保持一致。
只需将助动词be的时态形式改为相应的时态即可。
例如：主动语态：She is writing a letter.被动语态：A letter is being written by her.五、被动语态的注意事项1. 直接宾语变为被动语态的主语，而主动语态的主语则变为被动语态的宾语。
例如：主动语态：They built a house.被动语态：A house was built by them.2. 当宾语为人称代词时，应将其改为宾格形式放在be之后。
例如：主动语态：She saw me.被动语态：I was seen by her.3. 当动词是不及物动词时，无法使用被动语态。
例如：主动语态：The bird flew away.被动语态：（错误）六、被动语态的练习题1. 主动语态：They will paint the room.被动语态：The room will be painted by them.2. 主动语态：She is cooking dinner.被动语态：Dinner is being cooked by her.3. 主动语态：He has finished the homework.被动语态：The homework has been finished by him.4. 主动语态：We are watching a movie.被动语态：A movie is being watched by us.5. 主动语态：They have invited him to the party.被动语态：He has been invited to the party by them.总结：被动语态是英语中常用的句子结构之一，通过将动作的接受者作为主语来强调动作的承受者。
_初中英语【被动语态】用法及易错点详细讲解
初中英语【被动语态】用法及易错点详细讲解所谓“被动语态”，相当于中文中常说的“被……”、“由……”的句式，如：“他的自行车被偷了”、“这座楼房是由他们建造的。
”一、主动语态和被动语态的概念1）He opened the door. 他开了门。
以上例句是一个主动句，主语是动作的执行者/发出者2）The door was opened by him. 门被开了。
第二个例句是一个被动句，主语是动作的承受者汉语中表示被动的词：被…/ 由…/ 受…/ 给…英语中表被动用：be+过去分词构成二、被动语态的结构及用法1）被动语态的几种句型肯定句：主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+（by）eg: My phone was made in China.否定句：主语+be not+过去分词+（by）eg: My phone wasn’t made in China.一般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词+（by）？eg: Was your phone made in China?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+（by）?第 1 / 26 页eg: Where was your phone made?2）不同时态中的被动语态3）被动语态的用法当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by 短语。
The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday.昨天，教室的前窗被打破了。
(不知谁打破的)They have been poorly paid.他们的工资太低。
(没必要指出工资是谁付的)突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by短语。
These books are written especially for children.这些书是专门为孩子们写的。
(强调的是“这些书”)三、主动语态变被动语态1）一般情况下主动语态变被动语态主动句：He closed the door.第 2 / 26 页变被动句：The door was closed by him.口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done, 时不变，数格必须随被变。
初中英语语法——被动语态
初中英语语法专讲——被动语态【知识总结归纳】一. 概念：英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
二. 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换We Visited that factory last summer →主动语态主语谓语宾语状语That factory was visited by us last summer →被动语态主语谓语宾语状语三、主动语态变被动语态的口诀：宾语提前主语变，原主变宾by后见，时态人称be关键。
五、被动语态的基本用法：（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例：Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。
（不知道是谁偷的） This bridge was founded in 1981. 这座桥被建于1981年。
（2）强调动作的承受者，而不是强调动作的执行者。
例：The glass was broken by Mike. 玻璃杯是迈克打破的。
This book was written by him. 这本书是他写的。
六、被动语态的特殊用法：1. 有些动词后带有双宾语（即直接宾语和间接宾语），变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个宾语留在被动结构的谓语后面。
需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在直接宾语和间接宾语之间加上介词“to ”。
eg. He often tells us interesting stories . （主动语态）间宾 直宾We are often told interesting stories by him.Interesting stories are often told to us by him.▲常带双宾语的词有：tell , show , lend , pass 等。
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初中英语讲义－被动语态姓名 ______一．被动语态的定义: 语态分为主动语态和被动语态. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者, 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者. 例如：1）They built this house.他们建造了这座房子。
主语they是built的执行者。
（主动语态）2）The house was built by them. 这座房子是他们建造的。
主语the house是built的承受者。
（被动语态）例题1:(07年北京)The white building ____ many years ago.A. builds;B. was built;C. built; D. is built 二. 被动语态的构成：被动语态由助动词be+(及物动词的)过去分词构成。
be本身无词义，但是有时态，人称和数的变化。
例如: 1.This kind of TV is made in Nanjing. 这种电脑产于南京。
(一般现在时)2.The thief was caught yesterday. 这个贼昨天被抓住了。
（一般过去时）3.Y our watch will be repaired tomorrow. 你的表明天会修好。
（一般将来时）4.Y our wallet has been found.你的钱包已经被找到了。
（现在完成时）5.New roads are being built in beijing .北京正在修新路。
（现在进行时）6.The thief was being questioned by the police. 那个贼正被警察盘问。
（过去进行时）例题1:That dress ______ of silk . It is strong. A. makes B. made C. is made D. is making例题2:The work _____next week. A. finishes B. finished C. will finished D.will be finished例题3:A lot of tall buildings ____________in beijing these years.A. builtB. have builtC. have been builtD. be built.例题4: (05, 年北京海淀课改) The pizza _______ by my mother. Would you like to have some?A. makesB. was makingC. madeD. was made例题5: (06，甘肃) —Look.What a nice garden! —Y es. It every day.A.has been cleanedB.is cleanedC.is being cleanedD.was cleaned三．被动语态的用法：1不知道动作的执行者。
This watch is made in China.2不必指出动作的执行者。
More trees must be planted every year.3 需要强调或突出动作的承受者。
Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.4 动作并非由人发出。
Many houses were washed away in the flood.四．主动语态和被动语态之间的转换1. 基本变法：宾变主，主变宾，谓语变成be done式，数格必须随着变。
The workers make machines in this factory. → Machines are made by the workers in this factory.例题1: (06，兰州)Y esterday our teacher asked us to clean the classroom. (改为被动语态)Y esterday we were asked to clean the classroom.2. 带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to, for紧紧跟。
He gives me a book. → I was given a book by him. A book was given to me by him.3. 短语动词的被动语态：许多由不及物动词构成的短语动词，相当于及物动词，可以有宾语，也可以有被动语态，但是短语动词不可分割，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。
We should speak to old man politely. → Old man should be spoken to politely. (to不可省略)例题1: (04, 福州)The lights must ______ before you leave the classroom.A turn onB turn offC be turning onD be turned off4. 带复合宾语的动词的被动语态：复宾变被动，只能变主宾；宾补变主补，放在be done后。
1)I asked him to help me learn English. → He was asked to help me to learn English.2)I heard Jane playing the piano in her room. → Jane was heard playing the piano in her room.5 含有情态动词的被动语态：这时结构为情态动词+be +及物动词的过去分词The trees should be planted before Monday.例题1:（06，重庆）Students can’t take magazines out of the reading-room. (该为被动语态) Magazines can’t be taken out of the reading-room by students.例题2: (06,天津)This kind of food_______cool, clean and dry according to the instruction.A should be carriedB must be putC should be placedD must be kept五. 不用被动语态的情况1 主动句的宾语是each other或反身代词时，不能用于被动语态。
The man introduced himself as Mr. White. → Himself was introduced as Mr. White. （误）They help each other study English. → Each other is helped study English. （误）2 当主动句的谓语动词是表状态的及物动词时，不能用于被动语态。
We will have a meeting. → A meeting will be had by us. （误）3 主动句宾语是不定式或doing时，不能用被动语态。
My brother enjoys watching TV. → Watching TV is enjoyed by my brother. （误）He asked to have a try. → To have a try was asked. （误）六. 被动语态的特殊情况1 open, lock, write, read, sell, clean, wash, cut, burn, drive等词作不及物动词时，他们的主语为物，可用主动语态表被动意义。
This kind of pen writes very smoothly. 这种笔写起来很流畅。
This kind of shirt sells well here. 这种样式的衬衫在这很好卖。
例题1:(04河北)This painting__to a museum in New Y ork in 1977.A sells;B sold;C was sold;D is sold2 look, sound, taste, smell等系动词主动结构表被动意义。
Uniforms look ugly on us.我们穿着制服很难看。
Mooncakes taste delicious.月饼很好吃。
例题1: (06,新疆乌鲁木齐)Linda, the tea smells nice. Where______ it ______?A is, builtB does, makeC is, producedD is, used3 worth/want/need/require+doing中，doing表被动意义This book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。
My bike needs repairing.我的自行车需要修理。
4 主动句中在感官动词see, feel, listen, look, hear, watch, notice, observe及使役动词make,let, have 等动词后跟省略to的不定式，变为被动句时必须加to。
He makes the girl stay at home. → The girl is made to stay at home.Last Sunday we heard them sing Peking Opera in the theatre. →They were heard to sing Peking Opera in that theatre last Sunday.例题1: (06, 西城) 28. After having the soup I cooked, mum said, “Wow, it ________ delicious”.A. tastesB. seemsC. smellsD. feels例题2: (06, 广州海珠区)John made the dog run into the house quickly. (改为被动语态)The dog was made to run into the house quikly by John.。