高考英语语法复习——虚拟语气
高中英语2025届高考语法复习虚拟语气知识讲解
高考英语语法复习虚拟语气知识讲解一、基础知识（一）什么是虚拟语气谓语动词的作用不仅可以表示动作的时间、状态、假设（情感），也是一种语气（mood)的表现形式，表明说话的目的和意图。
（语气包含陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气）虚拟语气用于表示假设、愿望、建议、命令等非真实或虚拟的情况，即与真实相反。
上学的时候老师经常举的一个例子，"If I were you"因为我不可能是你，这是一种不可能存在的事实，所以这是个虚拟语句。
总而言之英语中的虚拟语气可以分为两大体系：一是表示与事实相反的，或者是假象的情形，通常由if引导，叫做虚拟条件句；另一个体系是在名词从句中使用虚拟语气，表示建议，命令或者要求等语气，类似于上述美剧常用的台词。
（二）虚拟语气的用法这一部分我们主要用虚拟语气在条件句中的用法作为讲解与现在事实相反：If I had a map, I would lend it to you.如果我有地图我就借给你。
（但我没有）与将来事实相反：If I were to do the job, I would do it in a different way. 要是我来做这工作，我会是另一种做法。
（言外之意不是我做这个工作，用虚拟表达是我做这份工作的可能性很低）与过去事实相反：If anything had happened, he would have let us know.如果发生了什么情况，他早就通知我们了。
（所以没事发生）它们的共性都是表示与事实相反或者实现可能性不大3.特殊情况①在极少情况下，从句的谓语动词用原形，主句的谓语动词可用陈述语气（比较官方，正式，大气的说法，口语很少使用）If that be the official view, it cannot be accepted.如果这是官方的看法，这是不能接受的。
②if可以省略，但是语序要改为倒装Were I Tom I would refuse.如果我是汤姆我会拒绝。
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解10---虚拟语气(解析版)
引导的让步和方式状语从 as if/though
He looks as if he were an artist.
句
He talked about the accident as if he had seen it.
in order that, so that, in case, for fear that
提前，即 故填 were/should/had
Were/Should/Had I..., Were
4. have fallen 解析：句意：要是没有政府和科学家的合作，与艾滋病相关的死亡人数就不会从 2005 年的 最高值降下来。从句“Had...not worked together”是对过去情况的假设，所以主句谓语要用 wouldn't have done.
necessary, natural, strange, important,
等 用 于 句 型 surprising, vital
“It
中， 引导的主语从 is+adj.+that...” that
句中谓语动词常用“（should)do”形式
It is necessary that he(should)sort out the information for my reference.
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解 专题十 虚拟语气
一．虚拟语气在 if 非真实条件句中的应用
虚拟条件从句(if)
主句
与现在事实相反的 主语+did/were
假设
与过去事实相反的 主语+had done
假设
与将来事实相反的 主语+ 1.did/were
假设
2.should do
高中英语高考高考英语语法总复习课件：虚拟语气 (共82张PPT)
【例11】 When a pencil is parted in a glass of water, it looks as if it _____(break)_. 【例12】 Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ______ (happen)yesterday.
主句 would/should/could/might
If he didn’t come tomorrow, we would put off the meeting.
主过将从过， 主过将完从过完 would do/did would have done/had done
【例1】 If we ______ (take)the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.
【例13】 Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ______ (follow)your advice. 知识扩展：follow/take sb's advice
【例13】 Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I had followed (follow)your advice. 知识扩展：follow/take sb's advice
做题时注意：动词的形式根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整
一分为二，先找时间再判断时态。
【例4】
If we ______ （book）a table earlier, we couldn’t be standing here in a queue.
2025届高三英语一轮复习语法虚拟语气课件
3.would rather 专题
would rather sb. did 宁愿让别人做一件事(虚拟语气）
My mother always tells me that she would rather I were happier. I feel upset today,so I would rather you invited me to dinner tomorrow.
虚拟语气
目录
CONTENTS
01 什么是虚拟语气 02 虚拟语气的一般用法 03 虚拟语气特殊用法
什么是虚拟语气
虚拟语气表示与事实相反或虚假的，难以实现的 情况，有时也表示主观愿望，建议或某种强烈情
感，也用虚拟语气 -.跟真的相差的远
虚拟语气的一般用法if
①如果你是我眼中的一滴泪，我就永 远不会哭泣。
只需要把已经写好的句子时态变成它的过去式就好了
If you were a tear in my tears,I would never cry. If I was a dog last night,I could sleep in bed with you. 过去式还有过去式嘛？过去完成时 Had+done If I had been a dog last night,I could sleep in bed with you. sleep→slept 对吗 错误
3.would rather 专题
would rather do sth.than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不做某事(不是虚拟语气）
I would rather marry an old lady than stay with you.
高中英语语法学案--虚拟语气
虚拟语气归纳复习一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中(一) 虚拟条件句中的三种时态：1. 与现在事实相反：If + S +did / were , S + would /should / could / might+ do2. 与过去事实相反：If + S + had done , S + would / should / could / might + have done3. 与将来事实可能相反：If + S + did / were/ should do /were to do, S + would /should / could / might+ do1)If I _________________(be) tired, I _______________________(take) a rest.2)If I had known his address, I______________________________________(write) a letter to him.3)I you __________________(come) yesterday, you __________________________(meet) him.4)If I _____________________________(be) free tomorrow, I__________________( go) to the library.5)If the sun _____________________(stop) shining, only one smile from you____________________(make) theworld bright.6)I ___________________________(appreciate) it if you ______________(can) reply to me as soon as possible atyour convenience.7)Even if he ______________(be) here, he _______________________________(solve) the problem / issue.8)If he _________________________(drive) more carefully, he ___________________________(avoid) the caraccident yesterday.9)What ____________________________ (happen) if we _______________________________ (not work) hard?10)If the traffic ___________________(be ) so heavy, I could have been back by 6 o’clock.(二) 虚拟条件句中的混合时态:有时条件从句和主句的时态不一致，但必须有明确的时间状语表明不同的时间。
【课件】高考英语语法总复习之虚拟语气课件
It is demanded that he (should) leave at once.
表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜等的从句中
巩固练习
1. If I _________ where he lived, I __________ a note to him.
A. knew, would
B. had known, would have sent
C. know, would send
D. knew, would have sent
SITUATION ONE：状语从句
条件状从 if
注意：虚拟语气中的倒装句
条件从句谓语中的were/had/should提到主语之前，此时应将if省去，形成部分倒装
Had you invited us, we would have come to your party.
练习1 使用动词的正确形式填空
SITUTATION THREE：特殊句式
It is (high) time that sb. did/ should do... It is time that everyone should work hard.
注意：that此时引导定语从句表示时间，相当于when
would/could/might/should/needn’t have done
6. I ________ him the answer ________ possible, but I was so busy then.
高考英语语法虚拟语气练习题30题(带答案)
高考英语语法虚拟语气练习题30题(带答案)1. If I ______ (be) you, I would study harder for the college entrance examination.A. amB. wasC. wereD. had been答案：C。
解析：在if引导的表示与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句中，be动词一律用were。
选项A是一般现在时，不符合虚拟语气的语法规则。
选项B虽然是be动词的过去式形式，但在这种虚拟语气结构中不能用was。
选项D是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中的用法，与本题的现在事实相反的语境不符。
2. If he had known the result of the exam yesterday, he ______ (not be) so sad today.A. isn'tB. wasn'tC. wouldn't beD. hadn't been答案：C。
解析：这是一个混合虚拟语气的句子。
从句是与过去事实相反（had known），主句是与现在事实相反，在这种情况下，主句要用would + 动词原形，否定形式为wouldn't + 动词原形。
选项A 是一般现在时的否定形式，不符合语法规则。
选项B是一般过去时的否定形式，也不符合混合虚拟语气的要求。
选项D是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中主句的用法，不适合这里与现在事实相反的情况。
3. If it ______ (rain) tomorrow, we would cancel the football match.A. rainsB. rainedC. will rainD. should rain答案：D。
解析：在if引导的表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句中，有三种形式：动词过去式、should + 动词原形、were to+动词原形。
选项A是一般现在时，用于表示将来的真实条件句，不符合虚拟语气规则。
虚拟语气 课件高考英语语法复习专题
与过去事实相反
过去完成时 had done
I would rather you _c_a_m__e_(come) here now. I would rather you _c_a_m__e_(come) here tomorrow.
I would rather you _h_a_d__n_’t_t_o_ld_ (not tell)me the truth yesterday.
宾语从句
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(一). 宾语从句
我们建议Tom 去休息一下。 他坚持要我与他同行。 他们要求派Tom去那儿工作。 老师要求作业要及时完成。
We suggested _(_th__a_t)_T__o_m__h_a_v_e_a__r_e_st. He insisted _(t_h_a_t_)_I_(_s_h_o_u_ld__)_g_o__w_i_th__h_i_m_ . They requested (that) Tom _(_s_h_o_u_l_d_)_b_e_s_e_n_t_t_o_w__o_r_k_t_h_e_r_e_______ .
that不可省略
• It is suggested that we (should) practise reading English everyday.
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这些动词相对应的名词性从句也用should do
(三).表语从句
• The / One’s insistence / order / command / suggestion / advice / proposal / recommendation / request / requirement / demand / desire is / was that … (should) do
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又如真题2 句意为：如果我在七岁时没迷恋上了我们家乡的 Melinda Cox 图书馆，我 真不能想象我今天会做什么。主句表示对现在的虚拟，条件句中的谓语表示对过去情 况的虚拟。答案为 B。 3. If 省略句 如果从句中有 were，should或 had,可以把这些词放在主语前面构成倒装，而将 if省 去。如：
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9.(03 上海春招) Look at the trouble I am in! If only I _______ your advice.
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A. followed B. would follow
C. had followed D. should follow 10.(05江苏卷,33) —— Don’t you think it necessary that he to Miami but to New York?
—— I agree, but the problem is _____ he has refused to.
• • • A. will not be sent; that B. should not be sent; what C. should not send; what D. not be sent; that Key:
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从句用 had +过去分词；主句用 would (should, could, might) + have +过去分词。 如：
You would have met her if you had come a little earlier.
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（3） 表示与将来事实相反 从句用动词过去式 / should / were to + 动词原形; 主句用 would (should, could, might) + 动词原形。如真题 1，文中说打印机质量好，所以后面说的情况是很难发生 的，故用与将来事实相反的虚拟语气。答案为 B。 又如： If I were to do it, I would do it in a different way. If you asked your father, you might get permission. 2. 错综时间条件句 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综 时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。如： If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.
高
考
英
语
语
法
复
习
来安县半塔中学
梅崇兵
虚拟语气
• 【考点概述】
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高考对虚拟语气的用法主要考查：虚拟条件句，尤其是错综时间条件句；表建议、 命令、要求等动词后宾语从句的虚拟语气；主语从句及表语从句中的虚拟语气等。
【真题体验】 1. （09天津卷，15）This printer is of good quality. If it ___ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. A. would B. should C. could D. might 2.（02 上海卷，37） It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall
1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. D
【考点扫描】
• 考点一：虚拟条件句
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1.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的运用
（1） 表示与现在事实相反 从句用动词过去式（be 动词用 were）；主句用 would (should, could, might) +动 词原形。如：
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注意：（1）当 suggest 表示“表明、暗示”时，从句不用虚拟语气。如： Jane’s pale face suggested that she was ill.
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Catherine came home happily, which suggested that she had passed the final exam.
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考点二：虚拟语气在其它从句中的应用
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1.表示建议、命令、要求、坚持等意义的动词接宾语从句时，从句中的谓语动词通常 用虚拟语气
其结构为should +动词原形，should 可省略。这些动词可记忆为“I drop caps”,即： insist, demand, request, require, recommend, order, persist, command, advise, propose, suggest 等。如： The workers in the factory demanded that their pay (should) be raised by 20 percent. The officer ordered that everybody (should) take part in the campaign. We insisted that he (should) be sent to hospital. He suggested that we (should) take a train but we wouldn’t listen.
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3.（06 湖北卷，31）_____ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.
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A. Would you be B. Should you be
C. Could you be D. Might you be 4. （09福建卷，35） But for the help of my English teacher, I ____ the first prize in the English Writing Competition.
3. if only引导的感叹句中要使用虚拟语气其谓语构成与wish 后的宾语从句中的谓语相 同。
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如真题 9 if only 意为“但愿，要是……就好了”。 此处表示与过去事实相反的假设， 要用过去完成时，故答案为 C。
4. It’s high / about time that... 句型中要使用虚拟语气that 从句中的虚拟语气由一般 过去时或 should + 动词原形构成，should不能省略。如： It is (high) time that you went to school. It is (about) time that we should start out. It is time that I should go and pick up my little girl from school.
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If I were you, I would go with him to the party.
(06 福建) If it were not for the fact that she can’t sing, I would invite her to the party. （2）表示与过去事实相反
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A. had scored B. scored
C. would score D. would have scored
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6.（08 江苏卷，35）—— I’m sorry. I _______ at you the other day.
——Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.
A. shouldn’t shout B. shouldn’t have shouted C. mustn’t shout D. mustn’t have shouted 7. (04 广西卷,27) Mr. White _________ at 8:30 for the meeting , but he didn’t show up. A. should have arrived B. should arrive C. should have had arrived D. should be arriving 8.（02 上海春招） How I wish every family _________ a large house with a beautiful garden! A. has B. had C. will have D. had had
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真题 3 句意：万一你被解雇，你的医疗救助和其他方面的福利也不会立即取消。
根据主句的时态判断从句的动作时间为将来，If you should be = Should you be, 答 案为B。 If you had come earlier, you would have caught the bus.
（2）当insist 后面接一种事实或客观情况，从句不用虚拟语气，这时词义为“坚持认 为”。如：