英语修辞手法汇总大全Rhetorical-Devices
rhetorical_devices____高级英语中的修辞讲解
Alliteration（头韵）
• The repetition of the same sounds or of the same kinds of sounds at the beginning of words or in stressed syllables, as in "on scrolls of silver snowy sentences" Hart Crane. Modern alliteration is predominantly consonantal (consonance); certain literary traditions, such as Old English verse, also alliterate using vowel sounds. (assonance)
3. The instrument for the agent（借一物以喻用
物之人；或者用工具指其行为主体） Give every man your ear, but few your voice. (Pay heed to what every man says, but say little yourself) He chose a gun instead of a cap and gown. (a gun= soldier, a cap and gown =a student) 4.a person‟s name for the things he has invented or the works he has written（用某人之名代替 此人的作品或者发明物） • At the beginning of next year, he will read Shakespeare
英语修辞手法
Alliteration（押头韵）
Paragraph 10. Today the poor are less often dismissed, I hope, from our consciences by being branded as inferior or incompetent. Paragraph 11. In I879 Henry George anticipated this state of affairs when he wrote in Progress and Poverty
Antithesis （对照）
Paragraph 1. Of the good things in life, the Negro has approximately one half those of whites. Of the bad things of life, he has twice those of whites. Paragraph 5. I am somebody. I am a person. I am a man with dignity and honor.
3. And, with a spirit straining toward true self-esteem, the Negro must boldly throw off the manacles of selfabnegation and say to himself and to the world,
Parallelism（平行）
Paragraph 5. I am somebody. I am a person. I am a man with dignity and honor. Paragraph 12. It is not the work of slaves driven to their tasks either by the task, by the taskmaster, or by animal necessity. Paragraph 22. when I say question the whole society, it means ultimately coming to see that the problem of racism, the problem of economic exploitation, and the problem of war are all tied together
修辞手段 rhetorical devices
修辞手段 rhetorical devices修辞格(figures of speech)是提高语言表达效果的语言艺术。
它能使语言生动形象、具体活泼，给人以美的享受。
英语修辞格种类很多，但粗略分来似可分为音韵修辞格、词义修辞格和句法修辞格。
The art or study of using language effectively and persuasively.The art or talent by which discourse is adapted to its end.（一）音韵修辞格(phonological rhetorical devices) 音韵修辞格是利用词语的语音特点创造出来的修辞手法。
它主要包括onomatopoeia, alliteration, assonanceOnomatopoeiaUse of words to imitate natural sounds, accommodation of sound to sense. 模仿事物发出的声响的修辞手法，与汉语的拟声辞格完全相同。
恰当地运用它可以使语言更加形象生动。
如：Presently there came the click of high-heeled shoes.高跟皮鞋声阁阁地传了过来。
AlliterationRepetition of the same sound beginning several words in sequence. 在一个词组或一个诗行中，有两个以上彼此靠近的词，其开头的音节（或其他重读音节）具有同样的字母或声音. 如：Let us go forth to lead the land we love.---J. F. Kennedy, InauguralPeter Piper picked a peck of picking pepper.AssonanceRepetition of the same sound in words close to each other. 在一句话或在一个诗行中间，有两个或更多的词具有相同的元音。
22种修辞汇总(新)
Rhetorical Devices (Figures of Speech)A rhetorical device is a technique used in language to convey ideas and messages in a persuasive way. Figures of speech are ways of making our language figurative. When we use words in other than their ordinary or literal sense to lend force to an idea, to heighten effect, or to create suggestive imagery, we are said to be speaking or writing figuratively. 修辞格(figures of speech)是提高语言表达效果的语言艺术。
它能使语言生动形象、具体活泼，给人以美的享受。
1. Simile （明喻）is a figure of speech involving a comparison between two or more things, which are essentially different but have at least one property or characteristic in common. Words like as, as...as, as if, as though, as…so, and like are the commonly used expressions to make the comparison.E.g. Justice will roll down like waters and righteousness like a might stream.It is something like improving the food in the prison while the people remain securely incarcerated behind bars.That scoundrel is as sly as an eel.To get a word from him was like pulling teeth.The first time I read a book, it is to me as if I had gained a new friend.He had given me the impression of absolute rigidity,as though he had swallowed a poker.一些常用句型也使用了明喻的修辞手法：(1)What句型：Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body.阅读之于思想，如同锻炼之于身体What sculpture is tot a block of marble, education is to the soul.教育之于心灵，犹雕刻之于大理石。
Rhetorical devices
4) Synecdoche (提喻）
• It involves the substitution of the part for the whole, or the whole for the part. For instance, they say there's bread and work for all. She was dressed in silks. • 指用部分代表整体或者用整体代表部分，以特殊代表一般 或者用一般代表特殊。
7) Euphemism: (委婉）
•
It is the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive(无冒犯) expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant. For instance, we refer to "die" as " pass away".
Childhood is like a swiftly passing dream. • 童年就像一场疾逝的梦。
2) Metaphor（暗喻）
• It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated.
• He earns his bread by writing. • 他靠写作挣钱谋生。 The farms were short of hands during the harvest season. • 在收获季节里农场缺乏劳动力。 Australia beat Canada at cricket. • 澳大利亚队在板球比赛中击败了加拿大队。
修辞手法Rhetorical Devices—高级英语
Rhetorical DevicesLesson11.Onomatopoeia（拟声）is the formation of words in imitation of the sounds associated with the thing concerned.e.g. tinkling bells2.Alliteration(押首韵)is the use of several words in close proximity beginning with the same letter or letters.e.g. thread their way among the throngs of people3. Hyperbole(夸张) is the use of a form of words to make something sound big, loud and so on by saying this is like something even bigger, louder, etc.e.g. a flood of glistening linseed oil4. Antithesis(对偶，对语) is the setting, often in parallel structure, of contrasting words or phrases opposite each other for emphasis.“Ask not what you country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.”e.g. which towers to the vaulted ceiling and dwarfs the camels and their stone wheels.5. Parallelism(并列) consists of phrases or sentences of similar construction and meaning placed side by side, balancing each other.e.g. the din of stall-holders crying their wares, of donkey-boys and porters clearing, of would-be purchasers arguing and bargaining6. Metaphor(隐喻) makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but the comparison is implied rather than stated, without using words like, as etc. (simile)e.g. It is a vast, somber cavern of room.7. Personification（拟人）gives human form or feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes to inanimate objects, or to ideas and abstractions.e.g. Camels lie disdainfully chewing their hay.8. Inversion (倒装)mainly refers to the reversal of the usual order of the subject and the predicate in a sentence.e.g. In this cavern are three massive stone wheels, …Lesson21.Rhetorical question(反问) is usually defined as any question asked for a purpose other thanto obtain the information the question asks.e.g: Was I not at the scene of the crime? (rhetorical question)2.Synecdoche（提喻）is figure of speech in which a word literally denoting a part is substituted for the whole; or the whole for a part, or a specific word is used to stand for abstract one or vice versa.e.g.They were short of hands at harvest time.China beat Brazil in yesterday’s soccer game.3. Metonymy(换喻) is a figure of speech in which the name of an attribute or a thing is used to stand for another thing, and the relation between the two things is not of similarity, but of contiguity.e.g.The kettle is boiling.Wall Street, American financial centerCapital Hill, U.S. Congressthe Pentagon, U.S. Defense Department4. Anti-climax(渐降) is a figure of speech in which a series of ideas are arranged in such a way that they go from the most important to the least important with steady weakening of emotion and tone. It is usually used for humorous effect.e.g. He lost his empire, his family and his fountain pen.The duties of a soldier are to protect is country and peel potatoes.5. Climax（层递）refers to the arrangement of series of ideas, which go from the least important to the most important with steady strengthening of emotion and tone.e.g. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested6. Euphemism (委婉语)is mild, pleasant, neutral, or inoffensive expressions used instead of harsh, blunt, coarse, or unpleasant ones. They are often used out of courtesy or consideration for other people’s feelings.e.g. pass away, go to heaven, to be gone.weight-watcher, under-achiever, perspiration, do one's business, answer the nature's call etc. Earthly care, worldly worry or concern.7.Irony (反语)is a figure of speech in which the meaning literally expressed is the direct opposite of the me aning intended and which aims at ridicule, humor or sarcasm to make one’s remarks forceful.e.g. Robbing a widow of her savings was certainly a noble act.…on the good fortune that my illness has brought me.Lesson51.Antithesis(对照; 对立; 对偶)It is a counter-propositions and denotes a direct contrast to the original proposition.Any man or state who fights on against Nazidom will have our aid. Any man or state who marches with Hitler is our foe.Rhetorical Devices in the speech•1) Periodic sentence•2) Rhetorical question•3) Parallelism•4) Inversion•5) Repetition•6) Alliteration•7) Simile•8) Metaphor•9) AntithesisLesson 61.Metaphor:...the nerves of both ... Were excessively frayed...his wife shot him a swift, warning glance.The words spat forth with sudden savagery.Her tone ...withered......self-assurance...flickered...The Duchess kept firm tight rein on her racing mind.2. Euphemism:...and you took a lady friend.3. Metonym y:won 100 at the tableslost it at the barthey'll throw the book,...4. Onomatopoeia:appreciative chuckleclucked his tongueLesson 91.Metaphor eg:Mark Twain is Mirror of America2.Metonymy eg: His pen would prove mightier than his pickax 2. Simile:Most American remember M. T. as the father of......a memory that seemed phonographic3. Hyperbole:...cruise through eternal boyhood and ...endless summer of freedom... The cast of characters... - a cosmos.4. Personification:life dealt him profound personal tragedies...the river had acquainted him with ......to literature's enduring gratitude...The grave world smiles as usual...Bitterness fed on the man...Personal tragedy haunted his entire life5. Antithesis:...between what people claim to be and what they really are...6. Euphemism:...men's final release from earthly struggle7. Alliteration:...the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home...with a dash and daring......a recklessness of cost or consequences...8. Metonymy:...his pen would prove mightier than his pickaxe。
rhetorical devices(修辞手法英语词汇)
• Metonymy: substitution of one word for another which it suggests
The pen is mightier than the sword.
• Oxymoron: apparent paradox achieved by the juxtaposition of words which seem to contradict one another • I must be cruel only to be kind. • Glorious messiness • 甜蜜的忧伤
Rhetorical devices
Euphemism 委婉 Hyperbole 夸张 Metaphor 隐喻 Metonymy 转喻 Synecdoche 借喻 Oxymoron 矛盾修饰 Irony 讽刺 Parallelism 平行 Simile 明喻 Personification 拟人
• Euphemism ：substitution of an agreeable or at least non-offensive expression for one whose plainer meaning might be harsh or unpleasant. • Pass away • Environmental engineering • Powdey: expression of something which is contrary to the intended meaning; the words say one thing but mean another
• I just adore mosquitoes
• Metaphor: implied comparison achieved through a figurative use of words; the word is used not in its literal sense, but in one analogous to it • Life's but a walking shadow; a poor player • Life is a box of chocolates
Rhetorical Devices英语修辞
Eg. She is a pretty girl. —She is the prettiest girl in the world.
He laughed heartily. He almost died laughing. This cold is killing me. I was scared to death. Your voice is loud enough to wake the dead.
English
Rhetorical Devices
英语修辞
I. Classification
In general, English Rhetorical Devices can be classified into three categories: Lexical rehtorical devices Syntactical rhetorical devices Phonetic rhetorical devices
The term "personification" may apply to:
① A description of an inanimate object as being a
living person or animal as in: "The sun shone brightly down on me as if she was shining for me alone". In this example the sun is depicted as if having the possibility for intent and if referenced with the pronoun "she" rather than "it".
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7. Rhetorical question: 反诘
• A question neither requiring nor intended to produce a reply but asked for emphasis. More example: If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind? (Shelley: Ode to the West Wind)
9. Climax: 渐强法
• Arrangement of phrases or sentences in ascending order of importance.
Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. (Francis Bacon: Of Studies)
3.Metonymy
• The substitution of the name of one thing for that of another with which ot is closely related
• 换喻
Metonymy
• 以典型的人体组织、器官或部位代人的抽象行 为或能力:
She was a girl who excited the emotions, but I was not the o my head. 她十个让人动情的姑娘，而我则不 是让感情支配理智的人。 • 以特征指人或物:
the transference of an adjective to a noun to which it is not wholly appropriate 转类形容法
• More example： • This bad news has brought me a
sleepless night. • They climbed to a dizzy height and then
4. Synecdoche 提喻
The naming of a part to mean the whole or the whole to a part
We need more hands to do this job. This is a fleet of 50 sails. The birds sang to welcome the smiling year.
5. Personification 拟人
• The thirsty desert drank up the water.
• It’s really a beautiful morning: the trees are whispering and birds are singing…
6. Transferred Epithet:
Gray hairs should be respected.
Metonymy
• 以作家名借代作品或观念: He has never read Li Bai.
• 以容器借代被盛的东西,或以产地代产品: He is too fond of the bottle. Hollywood---American film industry
Rhetorical Devices Figures of Speech
• An expression such as a metaphor or simile or a device such as personification or hyperbole in which words are used in a nonliteral way to achieve an effect beyond the range of ordinary language.
Metonymy
More examples:
John Bull---England Uncle Sam---USA The Pentagon---US military establishment The White Street---US President Helen---beautiful woman
• 一种暗喻的句式: n. (A) + of + n. (B) • More Examples: • I have the devil of a teeth sick. • Down with the Bourbons, and that great pig of
Louis XVI !
• Your turn to practice: • 他们有一个宝贝女儿。 • They have a treasure of a daughter. • 他住在贫民窟一样的屋子里。 • He lives in a slum of a house.
• 通过隐喻或明喻，拟人或夸张等这些形 象化说法，文字能用非字面的意义获得 超过普通语言的效果
1.Simile & Metaphor
• 1. Simile 明喻 He is brave as a lion. The water lay gray and wrinkled like an elephant’s skin. 2. Metaphor My love is a red red rose. Applications for jobs flooded the company.
8. Anti-climax: 突降法
• The sudden appearance of an trivial idea following one or more significant ideas. It is usually comic(滑稽的)in effect.
The duties of a soldier are to protect his country and peel potatoes.