过去完成时(详细讲解)
过去完成时一．定义过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前,已经发生的动作或存在的状态,也可说是“过去的过去”。
是一个相对的时态，只有在和过去某个时间或动作相比较时才会用到。
常与by，before等引导的时间连用，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示。
二、构成：have/has+v-ed三、用法1.过去完成时表示在过去某时或某个动作之前发生的动作或存在的状态或表示经历或经验.I said mother had been angry about your laziness since we moved here.The film had begun before we got to the cinema.2.过去完成时表示过去某一时间以前开始一直延续到那个时间并可能延续下去的动作。
常和by 或since, for引导的表时间的从句或短语连用,但必须要与一个表示过去时的动作相对照.He had worked in that school for three years before he came to our school.The film had already been on for half an hour when Millie got to the cinema.We hadn’t seen each other since he left Nanjing.3.过去完成时表示在某一动作之前已经完成的动作. 过去的时间由before, after, when引导的时间从句表示出来.I had finished cooking dinner before you came back.The class had begun when I got to schoolHe had left before I got home.4.在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词引导的宾语从句中，一般用过去完成时。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.I thought that I had seen him before.Tom said he had borrowed the book for 2 weeks.5. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示“原本……，未能……”。
1.结果比我们想象的要好。
The result was better than what we had expected.2. 我们期望你会来的，但是你没有来。
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.6.用在hardly。
when，no sooner 。
than，it was the first time that等固定句型Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him。
No sooner had we left the house than it began to rain。
四、过去完成时与现在完成时的区别1.现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去, 但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响,与现在有关. 其结构为”助动词have/has+过去分词”; 过去完成时则是一个相对的时态, 它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去,更强调”过去的过去”,只有和过去的某时或某动作相比较时,才用到它.I have learned 3000 English words so far.I had learned 3000 English words till then.五、过去完成时与一般过去时的区别1.时间状语不同．过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”，而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday. (说明不到１０点就在车站了）They arrived at the station at ten yesterday.(说明１０点到车站的）2) 在没有明确的时间状语做标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断，先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的用一般过去时．I had finished my homework before my mother came back.３) 当两个或两个以上的动作用and或but连接时，按时间顺序只需用一般过去时代替过去完成时；另外在引导的从句中由于这些连词本身已经表示时间的先后，因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时•He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper.•I (had) called her before I left the office.过去完成时专题训练1. He asked me _____ during the summer holidays.A. where I had beenB. where I had goneC. where had I beenD. where had I gone2. I ______ 900 English words by the time I was ten.A. learnedB. was learningC. had learnedD. learnt3. She ______lived here for ______ years.A. has; a great deal ofB. has; severalC. had; a lot ofD. had; a few4. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _____ the dinner already.A had cooked B. was cookedC. have cookedD. cooked5. She said she __________ the principal already.A. has seenB. sawC. will seeD. had seen6. She said her family _______ themselves ______ the army during the war.A. has hidden, fromB. had hidden, fromC. has hidden, withD. had hidden, with7. She had written a number of books ______ the end of last year.A. forB. inC. byD. at8. He _____ to play ____ before he was 11 years old.A. had learned; pianoB. had learned; the pianoC. has learned; the pianoD. learns; piano.9. He _____ in the factory for three years before he joined the army.A. has workedB. worksC. had workedD. will work10. By the end of last week, they ____ the bridge.A. has completedB. completedC. will completeD. had completed11. Jim turned off the lights and then _____ the classroom.A. was leftB. had leftC. has leftD. left12. They _________ in Guangzhou since 2000.A. livedB. had livedC. have livedD. were living13. The students _________ their classroom when the visitors arrived.A. have cleanedB. have been cleanedC. was cleanedD. had cleaned14. The man ________ his coat and went out.A. put onB. was putting onC. will put onD. had put on15. Dad ________ while he _______ TV.A. fell asleep; watchB. was falling asleep; watchedC. fell asleep; was watchingD. had fallen asleep; watched16．Lucy told me last week that they_____ all the walls of their new house painted______.A. had had; the day beforeB. would have; yesterdayC. have; the day beforeD. will; the following day17. —Good morning. Can I help you?—I'd like to have this package_______, Madam.A. to be weighedB. weighedC. weighD. weighing18. He didn’t keep on asking me the time any longer as he had had his watch ______.A. to repairB. repairedC. repairingD. repair19. Is there any possibility of getting the price______ further?A. reducedB. reduceC. reducingD. be reduced20. To my sorrow, I did the same work as he did but got ____ much less.A. payingB. paidC. to payD. to be paid。
九年级英语语法：过去完成时
九年级语法：过去完成时过去完成时1概念引入过去完成时的概念：过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。
它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。
表示过去某一时间可用by, before 等构成的短语，也可用when, before等引导的从句或通过上下文提示等。
His eyes shone brightly when he finally received the magazine he had long expected.当他终于收到他盼望已久的杂志时，他兴奋得两眼闪光。
By the time he was twelve, Edison had begun to make a living by himself.12岁时，爱迪生就开始自己谋生。
2用法讲解1. 过去完成时的构成1）过去完成时基本构成形式: had +过去分词。
We had reached the top of the hill before midnight.在半夜之前我们已登上了山顶。
2）过去完成时的否定形式: had + not + 过去分词。
They hadn’t finished the work when we got there.我们到那儿时,他们还没有完成工作。
3）过去完成时的一般疑问句及其回答形式:疑问句要把had提到句首；回答用Yes, 主语+ had. / No, 主语+ hadn’t.—Had he told you to go there earlier yesterday? 他昨天告诉过你早点儿到那儿吗?—Yes, he had. (No, he hadn’t.) 是的,他告诉了。
(不,他没有。
) 注意：had not 常简略为hadn't。
2. 过去完成时的用法过去完成时的主要用法和现在完成时一样。
不同的是，过去完成时把时间推移到了过去某一时间之前，与现在无关。
1）过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。
过去完成时的详细讲解和练习题(全面解析)
过去完成时的详细讲解和练习题(全面解析)一、过去完成时的概念过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作。
* We had finished our dinner when he arrived.（他来的时候我们已经吃完晚饭了。
）* When I got to the cinema, the film had started.（当我到达电影院时，电影已经开始了。
）二、过去完成时的构成过去完成时的构成：had + 过去分词。
基本结构：主语 + had + 过去分词+ …* She had already left when I arrived.（我到的时候她已经离开了。
）* I had finished my work before he called.（他打电话之前我已经完成了我的工作。
）三、过去完成时的用法1. 表示过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作。
* They had gone out before I arrived.（我到之前他们就已经离开了。
）* She had read the book before she went to bed.（她在睡觉前已经读过那本书了。
）2. 表示过去的过去，即在过去某个时间或动作之前已经完成的动作。
常和过去时连用。
* He said that he had visited the museum before.（他说他以前去过博物馆。
）* She had finished her homework when her mother came back.（当她妈妈回来时，她已经完成了作业。
）四、过去完成时的练题1. __________(you, finish) your homework before you went to bed last night?2. By the time we arrived, the party __________(start) .3. I __________(not, see) the movie before last night.4. Before I came to China, I __________(study) Chinese for three years.5. They __________(already, leave) when I got to the station.【答案】1. Had you finished your homework before you went to bed last night?2. By the time we arrived, the party had started.3. I had not seen the movie before last night.4. Before I came to China, I had studied Chinese for three years.5. They had already left when I got to the station.。
精华版过去完成时讲解
精华版过去完成时讲解过去完成时是英语语法中的一个时态，用来表示在过去某一特定时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。
在这篇文章中，我们将详细讲解过去完成时的用法和特点。
一、过去完成时的构成过去完成时的构成由“had + 过去分词”组成。
其中，“had”是过去完成时的助动词，根据主语的人称和数的变化进行变化，而过去分词则通常保持不变。
例如：1. I had finished my homework before my mom came home.我在我妈妈回家之前已经完成了我的作业。
2. They had already left when we arrived at the party.当我们到达派对时，他们已经离开了。
二、过去完成时的用法1. 表示在过去某一特定时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。
例如：Before she arrived, he had already left.她到达之前，他已经离开了。
2. 表示过去某个时间点之前已经发生的动作。
By the time I got home, my sister had already eaten all the cake.当我到家时，我的妹妹已经把蛋糕都吃完了。
3. 在由时间状语从句引导的句子中，常用过去完成时表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。
例如：She had finished her work before she went to bed.她上床睡觉前已经完成了她的工作。
4. 在条件句的结构中，过去完成时可以用来表示对过去情况的假设。
例如：If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.如果他学习更努力些，他就会通过考试。
三、过去完成时的注意事项1. 过去完成时经常与过去简单时连用，表示先后发生的两个动作。
例如：He had already left when I arrived.当我到达时，他已经离开了。
过去完成时态讲解及练习
完毕时态1）过去完毕时态的构成：必定式：had +动词的过去分词否认式：hadn't + 动词的过去分词疑问式：Had … + 动词的过去分词简略回答: Yes, 主+ have/has had.No, 主+ had 现在完毕时的使用方法2)过去完毕时合用场合1.过去完毕时表达在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完毕了的动作。
这个过去的时间惯用by，before 等介词短语或一种时间状语从句表达，也能够暗含在上下文中。
I had finished my homework before supper.我在晚饭前就把作业做完了。
The play had already started when we got to the theatre. 我们到剧场时戏已经开始了。
By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients. 到六月底他们已经治疗了一万多病人。
2.过去完毕时还可表达过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或还要持续下去，常与for，since 等词连用。
如：He had served in the army for ten years before he retired last year. 他在部队干了十年，去年退役了。
He told me that he had known her since he was a child. 他告诉我他从小就认识她。
He had learned English for eight years before he went to England for further study. 他在去英国深造前，已学了八年英语。
3.在一段情景连贯的文字中，先发生的事放在背面叙述时，要用过去完毕时。
如：Tom flew home, but his father had already died. 汤姆乘飞机回家，他的父亲却已经逝世了。
精华版过去完成时讲解
过去完成时一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去（ past-in-the-past ）”。
----|--------------------------|-------------------------------|---------------------------->那时以前那时现在构成：过去完成时由“助动词 had + 过去分词”构成，其中 had 通用于各种人称。
They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.She had finished writing the composition by 10 ：00 this morning.二、过去完成时的判断依据1. 由时间状语来判定一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。
与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：（ 1 ） by + 过去的时间点。
如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.（ 2 ） by the end of + 过去的时间点。
如： We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.（ 3 ） before + 过去的时间点。
如： They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.2. 由“过去的过去”来判定。
过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。
这种用法常出现在：（ 1 ）宾语从句中当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。
初中过去完成时态讲解带练习
初中过去完成时态讲解带练习过去完成时态是用来表示过去某一时间或动作前发生的完成的动作，通常由had + 过去分词构成。
例如：- I had finished my homework before I went to bed.- They had already left when we arrived.在使用过去完成时态时需要注意以下几点：1. 表示两个过去的动作，其中一个动作发生在另一个之前，这时要用过去完成时态。
例如：- He had worked there for 2 years before he was promoted.- She had already eaten before I came to her house.2. 句子中需要明确表示一个动作发生在另一个动作之前，可以使用过去完成时态。
例如：- When I got home, my mother had already cooked dinner.- By the time we arrived at the cinema, the movie had already started.3. 注意过去完成时态的时间范围，它仅限于过去发生的动作，而不包括现在的动作。
例如：- I have been to Japan before. (不可用过去完成时态)以下是一些练，请用过去完成时态填空：1. By the time I ______ (arrive) at the party, everyone had left.2. She _______ (not finish) her work, so she had to stay late.3. When he __________ (arrive) at the station, the train had already left.4. They _________ (cook) dinner before their guests arrived.5. We _______ (already watch) that movie before.答案：1. arrived2. had not finished3. arrived4. had cooked5. had already watched。
初中语法之过去完成时和过去将来时的讲解
初中语法时态学习之（七）过去完成时1.【概念】过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去（past-in-the-past ）”。
----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|---------------------------->那时以前那时现在Eg:I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.当车来的时候，我在车站已等了20分钟.(此句义表示在车来的那一刻，我在车站等待这个动作已经发生在车来之前，就表示发生在“过去的过去) 2.【结构】主语+had+V过去分词3.【时间状语】before,when,after,by+,until, once,had no sooner……than，yet，already+【过去的时间】等。
（注意：过去完成时和现在完成时在句中的使用区别关键看主从句的时态）【过去完成时-语法判定】1. 由时间状语来判定一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。
与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：（ 1 ）by + 过去的时间点。
Eg: I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.（在昨晚九点，我就看完小说了。
）（ 2 ）by the end of + 过去的时间点。
Eg: We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.（在上学期末，我就已经学会了超过2万个英语单词.）（ 3 ）before + 过去的时间点。
Eg: They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.(上周三，他们就已经种植了600棵树。
过去完成时的用法相关知识讲解
过去完成时的用法相关知识讲解过去完成时动词型had+过去分词系表型had been+表语过去完成时，主要表示在过去某个时刻说话人说话时之前已经发生过的动作或者存在的状况。
例如：Yesterday morning he told me that he had receivedtwo letters of admission.昨天上午他告诉我他已经收到了两封录取信。
含义：这下他可以放心了，可能还会收到更多。
Before Jane came to China, she had learnedChinese for 8 months.在来中国之前，珍妮已经学过8个月中文。
含义：她来中国时就能说一些中文了。
They asked me whether I had given up halfway.他们问我是否我已经半途放弃了。
含义：他们对此很关注，如果我已经放弃，就劝我继续捡起来。
模仿练习：1.昨天晚上她说她已经找到了那块手表。
2.在汤姆来杭州前，他已经学过6个月的普通话。
3.妈妈问我是否我把书包丢了。
参考答案：1.Yesterday evening she said that she had found her wacth.2.BeforeTom came to Hangzhou, he had learned Mandarin for 6 moths.3.Mother asked me whether I had lost my schoolbag.本文作者：丹丹英语公众号：英语语法学习本文已获转载授权，版权归作者所有，如需转载，请联系原微信公众号“英语语法学习”。
感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。
过去完成时(详细讲解)
目 录
• 过去完成时基本概念 • 过去完成时用法详解 • 过去完成时与现在完成时对比 • 过去完成时常见错误及纠正 • 过去完成时典型例句分析 • 过去完成时在写作和口语中的应用
01 过去完成时基本概念
定义与构成
定义
过去完成时表示在过去某一时间 或动作之前已经发生或完成的动 作，即“过去的过去”。
主语 + had + not + 过去分词：表示主语在过去某一时间之前尚未完成的动作，即“过去 的过去”的否定形式。
主语 + had + just/already/ever/never等 + 过去分词：这些副词与过去完成时连用，表示 不同的时间概念和语气。例如，“just”表示“刚刚”，“already”表示“已经”， “ever”表示“曾经”，“never”表示“从未”。
02 过去完成时用法详解
表示过去某一时间前已完成的动作
动作发生在过去的过去
过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动 作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即“ 过去的过去”。
强调动作的完成
过去完成时强调动作在过去某一时间 之前已经完成，不强调动作发生的具 体时间。
表示过去某一时间前已开始并持续到过去的动作
动作在过去某一时间前开始
过去完成时还可以在复合句中表 达“过去的过去”，即在过去某 个时间之前已经完成的动作。
在复合句中，过去完成时常用在 主句或从句中，表示一个动作在 另一个动作之前已经完成。
例如：By the time he was ten, he had learned to play the piano. 他十岁时就已经学会了弹钢 琴。
02
现在完成时的时间参照点是现在 ，表示从过去某个不确定的时间 开始一直持续到现在的动作或状 态。
过去完成时讲解
过去完成时讲解过去完成时（Past Perfect Tense）用于表示在过去某个时间或事件发生之前已经完成的动作或状态。
它通常由助动词“had”和动词的过去分词构成。
过去完成时的结构如下：肯定句：主语 + had + 过去分词否定句：主语 + had not / hadn't + 过去分词疑问句：Had + 主语 + 过去分词?以下是一些例句以及对过去完成时的一些说明：1. I had already eaten when he arrived.（当他到达时，我已经吃过了。
）在这个例句中，过去完成时用来表示在他到达之前，我已经吃过饭了。
2. She had finished her homework before she went to bed.（她在睡觉前已经完成了作业。
）在这个例句中，过去完成时用来表示在她上床睡觉之前她已经完成了作业。
3. They hadn't seen the movie before it won the award.（在这部电影获奖之前，他们还没有看过。
）在这个例句中，过去完成时用来表示在电影获奖之前，他们还没有看过它。
过去完成时通常与另一个过去时态结合使用，以明确过去事件发生的顺序。
当表示两个过去动作的先后关系时，过去完成时一般用于较早发生的动作或状态，而过去时则用于较晚发生的动作。
例如：I had studied English before I moved to the United States.（在我搬去美国之前，我已经学过英语。
）在这个例句中，过去完成时表示在搬去美国之前，我已经学过英语。
而过去时“moved”则表示搬去美国这一晚一发生的动作。
总之，过去完成时用来表示在过去某个时间或事件之前已经完成的动作或状态，通常与另一个过去时态结合使用，以明确时间顺序。