关于三相变频电源的外文资料翻译

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变频器工作原理外文文献翻译、中英文翻译

变频器工作原理外文文献翻译、中英文翻译

变频器工作原理外文文献翻译、中英文翻译外文资料Converter working principleMain circuit is for induction motors provide voltage variable frequency power source power conversion part, the inverter main circuit in general can be divided into two categories [1]: voltage is voltage source DC converter for AC inverter, the DC loop filter is capacitance. Current model is the current source of the direct streamization AC inverter, the DC circuit filter inductance. It consists of three parts, the power supply conversion for DC power rectifier, absorption produced in converter and inverter voltage ripple "flat wave circuit, and DC power converter for AC power" inverter ".(1) rectifier: Recently a lot of use is diode converter, it is the power supply conversion for the DC power supply. Also available two groups of transistor converters constitute a reversible converter, due to its power direction reversible can regeneration operation.(2) the flat wave circuit: in the rectifier DC voltage, containing 6 times the frequency of power supply ripple voltage, furthermore the inverter produces a pulsating current the DC voltage changes. In order to suppress the voltage fluctuation, the inductance and capacitance absorption pulsating voltage (current). Device volume hours, if power supply and a main circuit component in margin can save inductance of the simple flat wave circuit.(3) inverter: Contrary to rectifier, inverter is the DC power conversion is the desired frequency AC power and to determine the time the six switch device turn-on and off you can get 3 phaseAC output. By voltage type PWM converter as exemplifying the switching time and voltage waveform.Control circuit is to provide a loop control signal to the asynchronous motor power supply (voltage, frequency) of the main circuit, the frequency, the voltage "operation circuit", the main circuit of the "voltage and current detection circuit, the motor" speed detection circuit, operation circuit of control signal amplification drive circuit ", and the inverter and the motor" protection circuit.(1) arithmetic circuit: the external speed, torque and other instructions with the detection circuit of the current, voltage signal comparison operation, determine the output voltage of the inverter, frequency.(2) voltage, current detection circuit: with the main circuit potential isolation detection voltage, current and so on.(3) driving circuit, driving circuit of main circuit devices. It and control isolation circuit enable device in the main circuit turn-on, turn off.(4) speed detection circuit installed in asynchronous motor shaft machine speed detector (TG, PLG) signal for speed signal into the computing circuit, according to the instruction and operation can make the motor run in the speed command.(5) protection circuit: detection of the main circuit of the voltage, current and so on, when the occurrence of overload or over voltage, etc., in order to prevent the inverter and asynchronous motor damage, so that the inverter to stop working or inhibit voltage, current value.中文翻译变频器工作原理主电路是给异步电动机提供调压调频电源的电力变换部分,变频器的主电路大体上可分为两类[1]:电压型是将电压源的直流变换为交流的变频器,直流回路的滤波是电容。

三相电度表中英文对照外文翻译文献(精)

三相电度表中英文对照外文翻译文献(精)

中英文对照外文翻译(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)always adopts mechanical tinplate to measure. There are some shortcomings that the measurement precision falls with machine abrasion, single time period setting and strong manpower [2]. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-rate three-phase watt-hour meter based on AT89LV52. This multi-rate three-phase watt-hour meter adoptsAD7752 for measurement. It has the characteristics which are time-sharing measurement, accurate measurement, LCD display, automatic meter reading, flexible time period setting, timely emendation, low cost and novel design. II. STRUCTURE AND WORKING PRINCIPLEThe novel multi-rate three-phase watt-hour meter proposed in this paper is based upon AT89LV52 singlechip [3]. AT89LV52 has the flash memorizer with 8k bytes, cryptographical program memorizer with third class, RAM with 256 bytes, 32 programmable I/O lines, three time/ counter with 16 bits and a two class halt with six vectors. The interface circuit adopts I2C bus unit which is a 8 bits singlechipwith good performance and suitable price. The system structure diagram is shown in figure 1.Figure 1. System structure diagramThe principle of this multi-rate watt-hour meter is reading in themulti-rate time segments using RS485 bus and noting in X25045 then take over correctional clock with RS485 bus and write in clock CMOS chip S3530A. Thethree-phase AC voltage and electric current pass through potentiometer and mutual inductance instrument respectively so as to produce small signal which is sent toAD7752 to complete measurement. The clock CMOS chip S3530A gives clockinformation per second in the course of automatic move and analyze this clock belongs to which period of time according to advance periods of time set in X25045 then save the electrical energy in RAM memorizeraccording to corresponding period of time. We write it to corresponding address ofX25045 when the electrical energy achieves one degree in order to make the multi-rate measurement come true. This watt-hour meter hasfunctions of clear LCD display, missing phase detection, burthen control, halt electricity check and storage, automatic meter reading and so on.III. THE DESIGH OF HARDWARE CIRCUITA. Electrical energy measurementThe three-phase electrical energy measurement is realized by the low consume CMOS chip AD7752 of ADI company. The inside of AD7752 adopts digital circuit besides ADC, filter and multiplication circuit which can eliminate noises effectively. The sampling course of voltage and electric current in three-phase AC power supply loop is shown in figure 2 in which IA stands for voltage sampling of A phase. The sampling circuits of B phase and C phase are similar to A phase. The power after integral is transformed to electrical pulse for output. The pulse of fan-out CF enters into interregnum INT0 of AT89LV52 through photoelectricity insulation 4N25. CPU measures the electrical energy [4]. We adjust the pulse number of CF by combining the state of S1 and S2. The connection of electrical energy and pulse is W = M C . In which, W is the electrical energy with the unit of kilowatt-hour, M is the total pulse number,C is the pulse number of ammeter. We choose C equals to 3000 that is to say every kilowatt-hour is 3000pulses.Figure 2. Circuit schematic diagramof watt-hour meterB. LCD displayThe LCD display [6] adopts HT1621 CMOS chip of HOLTEK Company toachieve twelve bits digital display. HT1621 is the LCD drivers with 128 segments (32×4) inner memorizer. The interior of HT1621 consists ofcontrol and time circuits, RAM, LCD drive and watch timer. It hasthe merits of small volume and low cost so that it is suit to watt-hour meter. We use serial interface which only has four lines between HT1621 and AT89LV52. The detailed connection is shown in figure 3. P20, P21, P22 and P23 of AT89LV52 connect to CS, RD, WR and DATA respectively with the use to refurbish the display of RAM. HT1621 drive CMOS chip has 48 nodes in which COM0, COM1, COM2, COM3 connect to the communal end and drive output of LCD and SG0, SG1, SG2, SG3 connect to drive output of every segment respectively. In addition, an adjustable resistance of 20kΩ is put between VDD and VLCD to adjust the display contrast of LCD. Experiment shows that the contrast is better with VDD=5V and VLCD=4V. C. Serial memorizerSerial memorizer adopts low power consumption chip X25045 of XICORcompany .It has three functions which are watchdog timer WTD, voltage supervision and serial memorizer E2PROM with 512 bytes. WTD can be set 200ms, 600ms and 1400ms time intervals. The software program is read into X25045. During the normal running of program, WTD receives the trigger signal in time intervals in order to ensure the normal running of program. X25045 will output a high potential through RESET line if WTD does not receive trigger signal in time intervals. The trigger watt-hour meter reset in order to prevent program flying away. As the serial memorizer chip, 512 bytes of X25045 are used to storage the watt-hour meter code, multi-rate periods of time, the apex electricity, smooth electricity, vale electricity and total electricity of last month and this month. Storage can be divided into two same areas. One is used as data storage. The other is used for backup. The number of storagecan be revised 100,000 times. Data can be stored for 100 years. It is connected withAT89LV52 by SPI agreement bus. The connection is shown in figure 3.D. Clock circuitThe clock circuit is completed by S3530A chip. It is a low powerconsumption clock chip that supports I2C Bus. It sets the clock and calendar according to the data received by CUP communicating with RS485. At the same time, it continues to walk time by its own oscillation. The crystaloscillator of 32.768 kHz is put between Xin and Xout of S3530A which is connected with CPU through latching. SDA foot and SCL foot connect to P1.6 and P1.7 ofAT89LV52 respectively. There are two interrupt alarming foots can be set as second output or minute output synchronizing pulse which supply interrupt signal toAT89LV52 with one second period. Single-chip system will readout the current time through I2C communication interface according to this signal and calculate the period of time that this moment belongs to so as to realize the electrical energy measurement in different periods of time [5]. This clock circuit has spare lithium battery. The powersupply VCC supply power in normal wiring and electrified for lithium battery of 3.6V. When there is power off, the system will automatically convert lithium battery to clock circuit for power supply. The clock will still running accurately even the power is off.Figure 3. Partial circuit figure of watt-hour meterE. RS485 CommunicationMAX485 chip can implement RS485 communication control ofmulti-rate watt-hour meter. MAX485 chip has RS485 communication protocol. It can take 128 hypogenous computers. Its transmission distance is greater than 1km and its transfer rate is up to 250kb per second. The watt-hour meter connects with the unit controller through the RS485 bus. Each unit has a cell controller can manage 128 multi-rate watt-hour meter. The cell controller connects to power management computer.Each watt-hour meter has one and only meter number with eight bits of hex. The electrician should write the user’s information and meter number and then import to the power management computer for initial installation so ad to complete the connection of user and management computer. Management computer sends setting of period of time and clock information with the manner of broadcast communication without address information. PC uploads information by the way of calling address. F. Lack Phase detection and relay controlIt can achieve relay control [7] with P27 of AT89LV52. P27 cancontrol relays using 4N25 photoelectricity isolator so as to complete powersupply and power control. Lack Phase detection gets the signal from fan-out of the relay and connects to 1 foot of photoelectricity isolator after passing a 75K resistance, the diode half-wave rectifier and capacitive filtering respectively. We detect the 4 foot of isolator to determine whether there is the lack of phase. If there is lack of phase, we detect again after 2 seconds overtime. We break off the power immediately if there is lack of power after the twice confirmation. In power protection circuit, it uses the INT1 interrupt foot of AT89LV52 to detect signal.When there is a sudden power off, INT1 jumps into a low voltage and the INT1 interrupt enters to the power protection program relying on the energy storage capacitor to save data. In the system, pulse output of AD7752, relay control port and the inputs of lack phase detection all use photoelectric isolator 4N25. It sends electrical signal by light coupling which can enhance the ability of anti-jamming. IV. THE DESIGN OF SOFTWAREA.The distribution of resourceThe software program includes main program, X25045 read and write program, RS485 serial communication program, interrupt serve program, timer handling program,HT1621 display control program, electrical energy measurement in different period of time and power down protection program, and system self-checking andanti-interference handling program. Interrupt resource distribution of system is: INT0 interrupt is used as AD7752 pulse measurement, INT1 as synchronization detecting, timer T0 as 100 ms timing, T1 as 1ms timing, and T2 as baud rate generator for serial communication program. RS485 asynchronous communication is set to receive interrupt and check information for sending.B. Module desighThe flow chart of main program is shown in figure 4. The watt-hourmeter should be able to initialize at each power up time. The initializing program includes setting working mode of timers, serial stomata and interrupts for AT89LV52,writing control word into X25045, S3530A and HT1621. This system sets three periods of time. The singlechip reads clock value from S3530A per second then analyze this clock belongs to which period of time according to advance periods of time set inX25045 then save the electrical energy in RAM memorizer according to corresponding period of time. We write it to corresponding address of X25045 when the electrical energy achieves one degree. The LCD display with 16 bits shows period of time and electrical energy information in turn. Figure 4. Flow chart of main program V. TESTING RESULTError measurement and running test have been made in Zibo Billion Electron Co., Ltd. The epigenous computer completes the setting of time management. There arethree-rate period of time. The first period of time is vale electricity from 00 point 00 minute to 06 point 30 minutes. The second period of time is apex electricity from 06 point 30 minutes to 22 point 30 minutes. The third period of time is smooth electricity from 22 point 30 minutes to 24 point 00 minute. The setting of rate period of time is sent to computer management system by electric power company according to national policy and saved in X25045. The apex electricity, smooth electricity, vale electricity and total electricity per month read saved in electrical energy meter and sent to epigenous computer through cell controller. The communication baud rate is 9600 bits per second. The checkout platform of 0.1 grade standard electronic power meter is used as standard meter and the multi-rate watt-hour meter is the tested meter. Billion Electron Company has carried out testing according to different load running. The measured data is shown in table 1 with the burthen of 30kW.TABLE I. COMPARE OF NORMAL METER AND TESTING METERThe testing result indicates that the error of this multi-ratewatt-hour meter is less than 1%, belongs to 1.0 grade. The return reading of electrical energy is precision and the emendation of time is timely and right. By testing, the method of decreasing errors for electricity metering can be obtained. Firstly, adjust the sampling resistance of AD7752 to accurate value. Secondly, the value of this resistance is needed less varying with temperature. Thirdly, during electricity metering progress, when mantissa portion of electricity is less than0.01, the remaining pulse should be accessed together, thus cumulative error caused by lack of 0.01degree energy loss could be avoided.VI. CONCLUSION AND EXPECTATIONThe multi-rate watt-hour meter achieves electrical energycomputation in different time according to different time setting. It adopts RS485 for serial communication and realizes automatic meter reading and real-time emendation. The results of production in Billion Electron Company showthat the multi-rate three-phase watt-hour meter proposed in this paper has the characteristics of novel design technique, accurate measurement, and flexible time period setting. Various technical indexes achieve the technique standard for national intelligent card watt-hour meter. Therefore, it has wide application. REFERENCES [1] Bu Zhengl iang, Yin Xianggen, Tu Guangyu. “Development of HV Watt-hour meter.” Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2006, 30(19): 89-93.[2] Kosukegawa M., Sakumoto Y. “Traceability system of electric energy standard and tendency in static watthour meter developmen t in Japan.” Sixth International Conference on Metering Apparatus and Tariffs for Electricity Supply, 1990,4: 259-263.[3] Xuehai Li. Applied tutorial of singlechip. Electronic industry publishing company, 2003.[4] Al-Khateeb Tarik, Blundel Martin. “An el ectronic meter for measuring the saving in electrical power.” The Ninth Arab International Conference on Solar Energy (AICSE-9), Kingdom of Bahrain, 2007,4 (209):328-333.[5] Liu Ying, Liu Qingyu. “Development of a self-calibration precision electricalmea suring meter.” Proceedings of the 1998 Conference Precision Electromagnetic Measurements, 1998,7:276.。

三相,电能质量改进的直交变频器外文翻译

三相,电能质量改进的直交变频器外文翻译

毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译学院:专业:姓名:学号:外文出处:Electric Power Systems Research78(2008)276-289附件: 1.外文资料翻译译文;2.外文原文。

指导教师评语:签名:年月日附件1:外文资料翻译译文三相,电能质量改进的直/交变频器概要除了谐波功率和无功功率的其他来源,电力电子变频器的广泛使用大大影响着谐波的产生和在电力系统的无功潮流。

单相,电能质量改进的变频器在国内设计,开发和成功应用,商业和工业环境已经使三相,电能改进的变频器的设计和发展成为可能,而且它们广泛使用在不同的应用。

本文将对三相,电能改进的变频器配置,控制方法,对供应方和负载性能的输入功率因数计算,总谐波失真和完善管理,缩减波纹直流输出,额定功率,成本和特定应用选择做全面的探讨。

它还提供了国家在电能质量改善的变频器对工作在三相,开关式交直交变频器的研究人员,设计师和工程师而言最先进的技术。

内容1 说明交直交电源变频器广泛应用于各种应用,如电源供应器、直流马达驱动,调速交流驱动器、直流输出、开关电源前端变频器、实用接口与非传统能源来源。

在工艺技术,如焊接、电信系统的电源供应器、航空航天、军事环境等。

传统上,交直交电源变频器已主要由二极管或作为对电力系统非线性负载和在谐波的丰富,供应不足的功率因数的相控整流器作为借鉴,然而出现了配电网络和附近其他电器的整流系统的电能质量问题。

其他与这些变频器相关的问题包括:(1)从要求配电设备的处理大功率的电力系统大量无功功率由整流器得出,从而增加其伏安评级。

(2)电压在总线下降。

(3)较高的输入电流谐波导致扭曲的线电流,往往扭曲线电压波形。

这往往造成在同一总线上的敏感设备可靠运行的问题。

(4)在设备中增加损失(由于谐波)如变压器和电机连接到实际应用。

(5)与附近的通信线路电磁干扰。

(6)由于来自共振的高电压和电流与线路阻抗和电容故障,保险丝对电容器功率因数校正。

外文翻译

外文翻译

外文资料与中文翻译外文资料:Motor type1. The Power Supply Category:Motor power supply according to the different work can be divided into DC motor and AC motor. AC Motor is also divided into the three-phase single-phase motors and motor.2. according to the structure and working principle of classification: Structure and working principle of electric motors can be divided into direct current motor, asynchronous motor and synchronous motor. Synchronous motor can be divided into permanent magnet synchronous motors, reluctance synchronous motors and hysteresis synchronous motor.Induction motor can be divided into induction motor and AC commutator motor. Divided into three-phase induction motor asynchronous motor, single-phase asynchronous motor and shaded pole induction motors. AC commutator motor is divided into single-phase series motor, AC and DC motors and repulsion motor.DC motor according to the structure and working principle can be divided into brushless DC motor and a brush DC motor. Brushed DC motors can be divided into permanent magnet DC motor and electromagnetic DC motor. Electromagnetic DC motor is divided into series excited DC motor, and Li DC motor, DC motor and re-excited DC motor excitation. Permanent magnet DC motor is divided into rare earth permanent magnet DC motor, Ferrite permanent magnet DC motor and Alnico permanent magnet DC motor.3. Click Start and Run Category:By starting and running motors can be divided into single-phase capacitor start induction motor, capacitor run single phase induction motor, capacitor start single phase induction motor operation and sub-phase single-phase induction motor.4. by use classification:Motor driven by purpose can be divided into motor and control motor.Drive motor is divided into power tools (including drilling, polishing, polishing, grooving, cutting, reaming and other tools) with the motor, household appliances (including washing machines, electric fans, refrigerators, air conditioners, tape recorders, VCRs, DVD machines, vacuum cleaners, cameras, hair dryer, electric shaver, etc.) with General Motors and other small machinery and equipment (including a variety of small tools, small machinery, medical equipment, electronic equipment, etc.) electric motor.Stepper motor control is divided into motor and servo motors.5. The rotor structure by Category:Motor can be divided according to the structure of the rotor cage induction motor (the old standard called the squirrel cage induction motor) and the wound rotor induction motor (the old standard called Winding Induction Motor).6. classification of motor speed by running by running speed can be divided into high-speed motor, low speed motor, constant speed motor, speed motor. Low-speed motor is divided into gear motor, electromagnetic deceleration motor, torque motor, and claw-pole synchronous motors.In addition to speed motors can be divided into a class constant speed motor, motor level constant, there infinitely variable speed motor and variable speed motors, it can also be divided into electromagnetic speed motor, DC motor speed control, PWM frequency conversion motor and switch Reluctance Motor.Servo motor servo motor servomotor Automatic control device for the implementation of components of micro-special motor. Also known as the implementation of motor. Its function is to convert electrical signals into the shaft angular displacement or angular velocity.Servo motor points of AC and DC types. AC servo motor works the same with the AC induction motor. There are two phases in the stator spatial displacement of 90 ° angle and control winding field winding Wf WcoWftake a constant AC voltage applied to the Wc on the use of AC voltage or phase changes, to control motor operation purposes. AC servo motor has a stable, controllable, fast response, high sensitivity and mechanical properties and regulation characteristics of the nonlinearity index strict (requiring less than 10%, respectively 15% and less than 15% ~ 25%), etc. characteristics. DC servo motor works the same with the general DC motor. Change Ua or change φ, can control the DC servo motor speed, but generally use the armature voltage control method. In the permanent magnet DC servo motor, the field winding is replaced by a permanent magnet, magnetic flux φ constant.DC servo motor has a good linear adjustment characteristics and fast time response.Servo: from the Greek word "slave" means. People want to "servo" docile when a handy tool, subject to the requirements of the movement control signal. Before the signal to the rotor stationary; signal arrived, the rotor rotation immediately; when the signal disappears, stop the rotor immediately turn on their own. Because of its "servo" performance, hence the name.Servo motors are generally divided into DC Servo and AC Servo.The DC servo motorsAdvantages: accurate speed control, torque speed characteristics of very hard, is simple, easy to use, the price advantage.Disadvantages: brush commutation, speed limits, additional resistance, wear particles generated (for clean room).The AC servo motor Advantages: Good speed control characteristics, the speed control of the region can achieve a smooth, almost without oscillation; high efficiency, 90% or more, do not heat; high-speed control; high-precision position control (depending on which encoder); rated operation in the region, to achieve constant torque; low noise; no brush wear, maintenance-free; not produce wear particles, there is no spark for clean rooms, easy to violent environment, low inertia.Disadvantages: more complex control, drives, PID parameters need toadjust the tuning scene, the need for more connectionDC servo motor applications:DC servo motor characteristics than the AC servo motor hard. Often used in larger power systems, such as servo position control system.AC servo motor applications: AC servo motor output power is generally 0.1-100 W, power frequency sub 50Hz, 400Hz and so on. Its application is very broad, such as used in a variety of automatic control, the system automatically recordsPLC Controllers1 Programming a PLC controllerPLC controller can be reprogrammed through a computer(usual way),but also through manual progammers(consoles).This practically means that each PLC controller can progarmmed through a computer if you have the software needed for programming.Today’stransmission computers are ideal for reprogamming a PLC controller in factory itself.This is of great importance to industry.Once the system is corrected,it is also inportant to read the right program into a PLC again.It is also good to check from time to time whether program in a PLC has not changed.This helps to avoid hazardous situation s in factory rooms(some automakers have established communication networks which regularly check programs in PLC controllers to ensure execution only of good programs).Almost every program for programming a PLC controller possesses various useful options such as:forced switching on and off of the system inputs/outputs(I/O lines),program follow up in real time as well as documenting a diagram.This documenging is necessary to understand and define failures and malfunctions.Programmer can add remarks,names of input or output devices,and commengs that can be useful when finding errors,or with system maintenance.Adding comments and remarks enables any technician(and not just a person who developed the system)to understand a ladder diagram right mengs and remraks can even quote precisely part numbers if replacements would be needed.This would speed up a repair of any problems that come up due to bad parts.The old way was such that a person who developed a system had protection on theprogram,so nobody aside from this person could understand how it was done.Correctly documented ladder diagram allows any technician to understand thoroughly how system functions.2 Power supplyElectrical supply is used in bringing electrical energy to central processing unit.Most PLCcontrollers work either at 24 VDS or 220 V AS.On some PLC controllers you’ll find electrical supply as a separate module.Those are usually bigger PLC controllers,while small and medium series already contain the supply er has to determine how much current to take from I/O module to ensure that electrical supply provides appropriate amount of current.Different types of modules use different amounts of electrical current.This electrical supply is usually not used to start external inputs or er has to provide separate supplies in starting PLC controller inputs or outputs because then you can ensure so called “pure” supply for the PLC controller.With pure supply we mean supply where industrial environment can not affect it damagingly.Some of the smaller PLC controllers supply their inputs with voltage from a small supply source already incorporated into a PLC.3 PLC controller inputsIntelligence of an antomated system depengs largely on the ability of a PLC controller to read signals from different types of sensons and input devices.Keys,keyboards and by functional switches are a basis for man versus machine relationship.On the other hand,in order to detect a working piece,view a mechanism in motion,check pressure or fliud level you need specific automatic devices such as proximity sensors,marginal switchesm,photoelectric sensors,level sensors,etc.Thus,input signals can belogical(on/off) or analogue,Smaller PLC controllers usually have only digital input lines while larger also accept analogue inputs through special units attached to PLC controller.One of the most frequent analogue signals are a current signal of 4 to 20 mA and millivolt voltage signal generated by various ensors.Sensors are usually used as inputs for PLCs.You obtain sensors for different purposes.They can sense presence of some parts,measure temperature,pressure,or some other physical dimensionm,etc.(ex. Inductive sensors can register metal objects).Other devices also can serve as inputs to PLC controller.Intelligent devices such as robots,video systems,etc.often are capable of sending signals to PLC controller input modules(robot for instance,can send a signal to PLC controller input as information when it has finished moving an object from one place to the other.)4 Input adjustmeng interfaceAdjustment interface also called an interface is placed between input lines and a CPU unit.The purpose of adjustment interface is to protcet a CPU from disproportionate signals from an outside world.Input adjustment module turns a level of real logic to a level that suits CPU unit(ex. input from a sensor which works on 24 VDC must be converted to a signal of 5 VDC in order for a CPU to be able to process it).This is typically done through opto-isolation.Opto-isolation means that there is no electrical connection between external world and CPU unit.They are “optically”separated,or in other words,signal is transmitted through light.The way this works is simple.External device brings a signal which turns LED on,whose light in turn incites photo transistor which in turn starts conducting,and a CPU sees this as logic zero(supply between collector and transmitter falls under1V).When input signal stops LED diode turns off,transistor stops conducting,collector voltage increases,and CPU receives logic 1 as information.5 PLC controller outputAutomated system is incomplete if it is not connected with some output devices.Some of the most frequently used devices are motors,solenoids,relays,indicators,sound signalization and similar.By starting a motor,or a relay,PLC can manage or control a simple system such as system for sorting products all the way up to complex systems such as service system for positionging head of CNC machine.Output can be of analogue output is used to generate the analogue signal(ex. motor whose speed is controlled by a voltage that corresponds to a desired speed).6 Outout adjustment interfaceOutput interface is similar to input interface.CPU brings a signal to LED diode and turns it on.Light incites a photo transistor which begins to conduct eletricity,and thus the voltage between collector and emitter falls to 0.7V,and a device attached to this output sees this as a logic zero.Inversely it means that a signal at the output exists and is interpreted as logic one.Photo transistor is not directly connected to a PLC contriller output .Between photo transistor and an output usually there is a relay or a stronger transistor capable of interruoting stronger signals.7 Extension linesEvery PLC controller has a limited number of input/output lines.If needed this number can be increased through certain additional modules by system extension through extension lines.Each module can contain extension both of input and output lines.Also,extension modules can have inputs and outputs of a different nature from those on the PLC controller(ex.in case relay outputs are on acontroller,transistor outputs can be on an extension module).中文翻译:电动机的种类1.按工作电源分类:根据电动机工作电源的不同,可分为直流电动机和交流电动机。

三相50KVA变频电源技术参数(OYHS-98350)

三相50KVA变频电源技术参数(OYHS-98350)

三相50KVA变频电源技术参数(OYHS-98350)产品共同特点输出电压:单相0-300V连续可调,三相0-520V连续可调(可特殊定制做至1000V)输出频率:60HZ,50HZ,40-499.9HZ连续可调超臷能力强,瞬间电流可承受三倍额定电流故障时一键停机功能,反应速度快,反应时间在2ms以内具有过流,过压,过温,短路,过载等多重保护及报警功能高精度的稳频稳压功能,快速调节电压,频率主要元器件均采用原装进口品牌,品质可靠三进三出变频电源技术参数型号(OYHS)98350输出容量(50KVA)50电路方式IGBT/PWM脉宽调制方式交流输入相数三相波形SINEWAWE电压380V/220V±15%频率波动范围50HZ or60HZ±15%功率因数﹥0.9交流输出相数三相波形SINE WAVE低档电压单相电压0-150V连续可调,三相电压0-260V连续可调高档电压单相电压0-300V连续可调,三相电压0-520V连续可调频率60HZ,50HZ,40-499.9HZ连续可调频率稳定率≤0.01%低档最大电流(A)138.9A(0-260V)高档最大电流(A)69.5A(0-520V)整机性能电源稳压率﹤1%负载稳压率﹤1%波形失真度﹤1%效率﹥90%反应时间≤2ms波峰因子3:1保护装置具有过压,过流,超载,输入欠压,过高温,短路等多重保护显示显示介面数位式LED显示电压4位数,数位电压表,解析度0.1V电流4位数,数位电流表,解析度0.1A功率4位数,数位瓦特表频率4位数,数位频率表环境及其它冷却装置高速变频风扇冷却,强制冷风工作温度-10℃to50℃相对湿度0~90%(非凝结状态)海拔高度≤1500m重量(KG)600尺寸(H*D*W)mm1310*800*600注:1以上尺寸不含脚输高度2可根据顾客要求规格特别定制3本公司产品规格不断研发改进,规格若有变更,恕不另行通知。

三相四线制英文表达

三相四线制英文表达

三相四线制英文表达Three-phase Four-wire System: English ExpressionIntroduction:The three-phase four-wire system is a commonly used electrical power distribution system. It is characterized by three active conductors and one neutral conductor. In this article, we will explore the English expression related to the three-phase four-wire system, including its components and key concepts.1. Voltage and Current:In the three-phase four-wire system, the voltage is typically referred to as line-to-line voltage (VLL) or phase voltage, while the current is denoted as line current (IL). The line-to-neutral voltage (VL-N) can also be calculated. These parameters play crucial roles in determining the power consumption and distribution within the system.2. Phases and Neutrals:The three-phase four-wire system consists of three phases: phase A, phase B, and phase C. These phases carry the main electrical load, and their combination provides a balanced flow of power. The neutral conductor acts as the reference point and completes the circuit by connecting all the currents returning from the loads.3. Power Distribution:Power distribution in the three-phase four-wire system can be represented by the power triangle. The power triangle illustrates therelationship between active power (P), reactive power (Q), and apparent power (S). The power factor (PF) is another important concept, indicating the efficiency of power utilization within the system.4. Load Connections:Various load connections are possible in the three-phase four-wire system. The most common configurations include star (Y) and delta (Δ) connections. In a star connection, the loads are connected between each phase and the neutral conductor. In a delta connection, each load is connected directly between two phases. These configurations offer flexibility in distributing power to different types of loads.5. Advantages and Applications:The three-phase four-wire system has several advantages over other power distribution systems. It offers a higher power transfer capacity, improved efficiency, and balanced load distribution. Consequently, it is widely used in industrial applications, commercial buildings, and large-scale electrical networks.Conclusion:The three-phase four-wire system is a fundamental aspect of electrical power distribution. It provides a reliable and efficient means of delivering electricity for various applications. Understanding the key components and concepts associated with this system is essential for professionals in the field of electrical engineering. Mastering the English expression related to the three-phase four-wire system will further enhance communication and collaboration within the industry.(Note: The word count may vary slightly based on formatting and expansion of certain sections)。

变频技术中英文翻译资料

变频技术中英文翻译资料

变频技术1.1变频技术的普及前景电机交流变频调速技术是当今节电、改善工艺流程以提高产品质量和改善环境、推动技术进步的一种主要手段。

变频调速以其优异的调速和起制动性能,高效率、高功率因数和节电效果,广泛的适用范圉及其它许多优点而被国内外公认为最有发展前途的调速方式。

电气传动控制系统通常山电动机、控制装置和信息装置3 部分组成,电气传动关系到合理地使用电动机以节约电能和控制机械的运转状态, 实现电能■机械能的转换,达到优质、高产、低耗口的。

电气传动分成不调速和调速两大类,调速乂分交流调速和直流调速两种方式。

不调速电动机直接山电网供电,但随着电力电子技术的发展这类原本不调速的机械越来越多地改用调速传动以节约电能(节约15%^20%或更多),改善产品质量,提高产量。

在我国60% 的发电量是通过电动机消耗的,因此调速传动是一个重要行业,已经得到国家重视,目前已有一定规模。

近年来交流调速中最活跃、发展最快的就是变频调速技术,变频调速是交流调速的基础和主干内容。

上个世纪变压器的出现使改变电压变得很容易,从而造就了一个庞大的电力行业。

长期以来,交流电的频率一直是固定的,变频调速技术的出现使频率变为可以充分利用的资源。

这10年来,变频技术的应用在我国有很大的发展,并取得了良好的效果可以说,变频技术已为大多数用户所接受,但是不能不指出,我国在变频技术的应用方面,与发达国家的水平尚有很大差距,LI前,我国在用的交流电动机使用变频调速运行的仅6%左右,而下业发达国家已达(60%^70%),日本在风机、水泵上变频调速的采用率已达10%,而我国还不足0.01%.在日本,空调器的70%采用了变频调速,而我国才刚刚起步。

从这个现实出发,变频技术尚有很大的发展空间,应该锲而不舍地做好推广应用工作。

且随着控制技术和控制手段的不断提高,变频调速乂山变压变频控制的变频调速发而展到了矢量控制变频调速,通过控制交流电动机里相当于并励直流电动机励磁绕组的磁通变化,提高变频器的恒转矩输出范围和动静态特性,使得交流电动机变频调速系统的性能超过了直流电动机调压调速系统的性能。

电机学英文文献翻译

电机学英文文献翻译

The three-phase induction motor speed control methodThree-phase asynchronous motor speed formula: N = 60f / p (1-s) Can be seen from the above formula, change the power supply frequency f, motor pole number p and the slip s may be too much to change the speed of purpose. From the speed of the essence of view, is simply a different way to change speed synchronous AC motor does not change the sync transfer speed or two.Widespread use in production machines without changing the synchronous speed of motor speed control method Wound Rotor Series Resistance Speed, chopper speed control, cascade control, and application of electromagnetic slip clutch, fluid couplings, clutches and other film speed. Change the synchronous speed of change on the number of stator pole multi-speed motor to change the stator voltage and frequency to frequency conversion with no change to the motor speed and so on.Energy from the speed point of view when, with high speed method and inefficient methods of two kinds of speed: high speed when the slip refers to the same, so no slip losses, such as multi-speed motors, Slip frequency control and loss can speed recovery methods (such as cascade control, etc.). A deteriorating loss of speed control methods are inefficient speed, such as series resistance of the rotor speed method, the energy loss in the rotor circuit on; Electromagnetic Clutch The speed method, the energy loss in the clutch coils; fluid coupling speed, energy loss in the fluid coupling of the oil. General deterioration in loss increased with the expansion speed range, if not speed range, the energy loss is minimal.1, variable speed control method of pole pairsThis speed is then used to change the stator winding way to change the red cage motor stator pole pairs to achieve speed control purposes, the followingfeaturesWith hard mechanical properties, good stability;No slip loss, high efficiency; Wiring simple, easy to control, low price;A level speed, differential large, can not get smooth speed control;With pressure and speed adjustment, with the use of electromagnetic slip clutch,smooth and efficient access to high speed characteristics.This method is suitable for the production does not require variable speed machinery, such as metal cutting machine Bed , Lift , Lifting equipment, Fans Water Pump And so on.2, Frequency Control Method Frequency control is to change the motor stator Power supply Frequency, thus changing the speed of its synchronous speed method. Frequency control system main equipment is to provide variable frequency power supply Inverter , Inverter can be divided into AC - DC - AC inverter and AC - AC converter two categories, most of the current domestic use of AC - DC - AC inverter. Its characteristicsHighefficiency, speed the process without additional loss;Wide range of applications, can be used for cage induction motor;Speed range, features a hard, high accuracy;Technical complexity, high cost, difficult maintenance and overhaul.This method is suitable for the high accuracy, good speed performance occasions.3, cascade control method Cascade control is wound into the rotor circuit in the series of additional potential can be adjusted to change the motor's slip, to achieve speed control purposes. Most of the deterioration in power to be in series with the added potential absorbed, re-use generate additional devices to absorb the deterioration in power to return power to use or conversion of energy. Slip-power absorption under way, cascade control can be divided into Motor Cascade control, mechanical and thyristor cascade control cascade control, and multi-use cascade control thyristor, characterized byCan speed the process of deterioration in loss of feedback to the network or productionmachinery, more efficient;Installed capacity and speed range in direct proportion to investment, applicable speed range 70% -90% rated speed of production machinery;peed device failure can switch to full speed, to avoid the cut-off;Thyristor cascade speed low power factor, harmonics greater impact.This method is suitable for fans, pumps and rolling mills, mine hoist, extrusion machines.4, wound rotor motor speed control method of Series ResistanceWound Rotor Motor additional resistance in series, so that the motor slip up, motor running at low speed. The greater the resistance in series, the motor speed is lower. This method is simple, easy to control, but deteriorate the power consumption in the form of heat in the resistor. Is a class speed, soft mechanical properties.5, the stator pressure and speed adjustment methodStator voltage when changing the motor, you can get a different set of mechanical properties of curves, which were different speeds. Since the motor torque and voltage proportional to the square, the largest decline in a lot of torque, speed range of its small cage motors in general and difficult to apply. In order to expand the speed range, pressure and speed adjustment should be larger rotor resistance value cage motors, such as dedicated voltage regulator with speed torque motor, or series wound motor frequency sensitive resistors. In order to expand the range of stable operation, when the speed of 2:1 or more occasions in the feedback control should be adopted to achieve the purpose of automatic adjustment of speed.Pressure and speed adjustment is a key device to provide power supply voltage, the current way of a tandem common saturation voltage regulator Reactor , Auto Transformer And several other Thyristor Surge. Thyristor Surge is the best way. Adjusting Speed featuresPressure and speed adjustment circuit is simple, easy to realize automatic control;Poor power surge process to heat transfer in the rotor resistance in the form of consumption, low efficiency.Pressure and speed adjustment generally applies to 100KW below production machinery.6.electromagnetic speed regulating motor speed control method of electromagneticspeed regulating electric motor squirrel cage motor, electric slip clutch and DC excitation power supply (Controller) consists of three parts. DC excitation power small, usually consisting of single phase half-wave or full wave rectifiers thyristors composition, change thyristor conduction angle, you can change the magnetizing current size.Electromagnetic slip clutch armature, poles and excitation windings composed of three parts. Armature and the latter has no mechanical contact, are free to rotate. Armature motor coaxial connection active part, driven by motors; docking with the load axis magnetic pole coupling from the moving parts. When the armature poles are at rest, such as excitation windings for DC, along the circumferential surface will form a number of air gap on the n, s, of alternating polarity poles, the magnetic flux through the armature. Dang electric armature with drag motor rotating Shi, due to electric armature and pole between relative movement, and makes electric armature induction produced Eddy, this Eddy and magnetic pass mutual role produced go moments, led has pole of rotor by same direction rotating, but its speed constant below electric armature of speed N1, this is a go difference adjustable speed way, changes go difference clutch device of DC Lai magnetic current, will can change clutch device of output go moments and speed. Characteristics of electromagnetic speed regulating motor speed:appliances, structure and control circuit is simple, reliable operation, easymaintenance; speed and smooth, stepless speed regulationthe power network harmonic effects;lost speed, low efficiency.This method applies to medium and small power, requires low speed when the smooth, short run production machinery.7. the hydraulic coupler speed regulating hydraulic Coupler is a device for hydraulic drive, is made up of the pump and turbine, they collectively work wheels, placed in a sealed case. Shell filled with a certain amount of working fluid, when pump is impulse driven by rotation, in which liquid propelled by blades which rotate, and under the action of centrifugal force along the outer wheels when entering the turbine pump, to thrust to the turbine blades on the same turn, make it drive production machinery running. Power transfer capacity of the hydraulic coupler and shell filled with fluid volume sizes are consistent. In the course of work, changing the filling rate can change the coupler of turbine speed, stepless speed regulation, characterized by:power scope, can meet the needs of from a couple of different power 10-kilowattto shuqianqian;simple structure, reliable performance, easy to operation and maintenance, andlow cost;small size, capacity;easy to adjust, easy to fulfill automatic control.This method applies to the speed of the fan and water pump.三相异步电动机的几种调速方式三相异步电动机转速公式为:n=60f/p(1-s)从上式可见,改变供电频率f、电动机的极对数p及转差率s均可太到改变转速的目的。

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通过模糊控制器和PI控制器输出电压调节,设计和实现三相PWM整流器的高性能的直接功率控制摘要:本文给出了直接功率控制(DPC)三相PWM整流器,采用了一种新的开关表,并且无电压传感器。

瞬时有功功率和无功功率通过选择变换器的最佳状态被直接控制,作为PWM控制变量代替相电流被使用。

控制系统的主要目的是保持直流母线电压在所需的水平,而来自电源的输入电流应当是正弦的,各相电压相位符合单位功率因数(UPF)操作。

在直流母线电压控制环中,传统的PI和基于模糊逻辑的控制器,被用来提供有功功率指令。

一种基于实验系统的DSPACE用作证实DPC的有效性。

稳态和动态的结果,说明了操作和控制方案所呈现的性能。

结果显示,证实了新的DPC比经典DPC更好。

线电流非常接近正弦波(THD<2%)并且通过使用PI和模糊控制器实现直流母线电压良好的调节。

此外,模糊逻辑控制器展现出优良暂态性能,良好地抑制负载扰动的影响,和优越的的鲁棒性。

关键词: 直接功率控制 PWM整流器瞬时有功功率直接转矩控制开关表模糊逻辑控制1.引言大多数的三相整流器,被广泛地用在工业领域和消费产品领域,使用二极管桥电路和散装存储电容。

有简单,稳定和低成本的优势。

然而,整流二极管,产生单向功率流,低功率因子,功率流,和高层次的输入谐波电流。

与有源和无源滤波器分开,最好的解决方案是使用脉冲宽度调制(PWM)调整。

三相脉冲宽度调制(PWM)研究在过去的几年迅速发展,由于它的优越性,比如能源的再生能力,直流总线电压覆盖广阔的范围,输入电流低谐波失真。

由于转换器有能力来控制输入的正弦波电流,功率因数(UPF)可以容易地操作通过调节伴有前述电源电压。

各种控制策略已经提出了在最近的这种类型的PWM整流器产品。

它可以被分类为所用的回路控制器或有功/无功功率控制器。

在知名间接的有功和无功功率控制方法中,是基于相对于电流矢量方向所述的线电压向量。

它被称为电压定向控制(VOC)[1-5]。

VOC保证了高动态,并通过内部电流静态性能控制回路。

然而,最终的配置和性能的VOC的系统在很大程度上取决于所施加当前的控制策略的质量。

在过去的几年中,一个高利润的新兴控制技术一直是直接功率控制(DPC)和与众所周知直接转矩控制开发相似(DTC),用于可调速驱动器[5-12]。

在DPC方案,没有内部电流环路和转换器的开关状态,是通过一个交换表基于瞬时错误作出适当地选择,在命令和估计瞬时有功和无功功率值的估计值,和功率源电压矢量位置[6]或虚拟磁通矢量位置之间[8]。

本文提出了一种新的直接功率控制(DPC)的三相PWM 整流器,这使得有可能实现通过直接控制它的瞬时功率因数运行无需任何电源电压有功和无功传感器。

所提出的方法有两个特点。

一个是用于合成新的切换表的方法,不同于在AC 机组的控制和使用在[6]和[8]中,是一种建议。

这个新的转换表是通过分析瞬时有功功率和无功功率校正合成的。

其他一个是模糊逻辑控制器,在直流母线电压控制回路,开发提供有功功率命令。

为了实现单位功率因数运行,无功功率指令设定为零。

基于模糊逻辑控制器有更多的灵活性和更好的动态响应。

最后,DPC 进行了模拟,并实施常规PI 控制器和模糊控制器。

它是通过仿真和实验结果表明,该提出的DPC 具有高性能相比于经典。

线电流非常接近正弦波形,是直流母线电压精确调节得意实现,和UPF 操作得以实现。

此外,基于模糊逻辑控制器有优良的瞬态性和稳态性,有良好鲁棒性,直流总线电压调节有良好的动态特性,和良好的甩负荷扰动的影响。

2.DPC 的原理2.1系统配置DPC 基于瞬时有功和无功功率控制回路。

DPC 没有内部电流控制回路。

开关变换器开关状态是由基于在指令和有功功率和无功功率之间的瞬时错误的开关表来选择的。

图1显示了直接有功功率和无功功率控制三相PWM 整流器的配置,符号如下:ea 、eb 、ec 三相电源电压;va 、vb 、vc 交流终端PWM整流器的电压;ia 、ib 、ic 三相线电流;Sa ,Sb ,Sc 转换器的开关 状态;L 、R 电感和电阻的反应堆;C 、RL 直流环节电容和负载电阻。

控制器功能继电器通过迟滞比较器和一个转换表控制有功功率和无功功率。

在这个配置中,直流母线电压通过调节有功功率被控制的,功率因数通过控制无功功率为零获得的。

如图1所示,有功功率命令P *来自一个直流母线电压控制器,无功功率命令,q*是直接从外部控制器的给定。

在指令和预计的反馈功率之间的错误输入到迟滞比较器和数字化的信号Sp 和Sq ,在这里表示为:-hp pˆ-*p if 0Sp hp p ˆ-*p if 1p ≤=≥=,S , ,,-hq q ˆ-*p if 0q hq q ˆ-*p if 1q ≤=≥=S S同时,电源电压的相位矢量转换为数字化信号hn 。

为此,固定的坐标分为12个部分。

如图2所示,这部分数值上表示为 ...121,2n 61-n n 62-n ,π)(π)(=≤≤θ数字化误差信号Sp 和Sq 和数字化电压相位hn 输入转换表包括每一个开关状态,转换器的Sa ,Sb ,Sc 被储存。

通过使用这个开关表,根据输入信号的组合,转换器的最优开关状态能够在每一个特定的时刻被独特地选择。

2.2转换表合成在静止的参考系a-b 和一个平衡的三相系统,线路电流方程可以表示为)(∂⋅∂∂=i -v -e 1R L )-v -e (1dt di ∂⋅=i R L βββ线电流矢量(ia ,ib)可以通过选择控制恰当的整流电压矢量。

在选择整流器电压矢量vab 上,在实际的线电流测量上,线电流的变化依赖于实际的电源电压矢量eab 。

参数R 可以几乎被忽视(2)中的离散的一阶近似可以被采纳。

因此,线电流的变化对下一个控制时期给出: ))()(()()(k v -k e s k i -1k i i ∂∂=∂+∂=∂∆L T ))()(()()(k v -k e s k i -1k i i ββββL T =∂+=∆在静止的参考系a-b 瞬时有功功率和无功功率定义如下:(13、14)⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∂⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∂=⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡βαββi i e -e e e q p 作为第一近似,如果切换频率足够高,电源电压的变化可以忽略不计。

有功功率和无功功率改变量下一个控制周期可以被估计,如下:⎭⎬⎫⎩⎨⎧∆⋅∂-∂∆⋅=∆∆⋅+∂∆⋅∂=∆ββββi k e i k e q P )()(i k e i k e )()( ))()()()(())()((k v k e k v k e s -k e k e s p 22βββ⋅+∂⋅∂+∂=∆L T L T ))()()()((q k v k e k v k e LTs ∂⋅-⋅∂=∆ββ 如图2所示,控制有功功率和无功功率有六个基本的不为零的整流器整流电压和两个零电压矢量。

有功功率和无功功率取决于整流电压矢量的选择。

对于七个基本的整流电压矢量,我们得到七个可能的有功功率和无功功率的变化量。

因此,有不同的选择相应的开关状态控制有功功率和无功功率变化的方法。

给i=(0,1,2,3...6)有功功率和无功功率变化量如下:电源电压向量可以被表示在静止参考系a-b 如下:PWM 整流器的交流终端电压矢量v ,是典型的空间矢量,每个开关状态和其相应的表示,va 和vb 值如表1所示。

为了满足提高PWM 整流器的转换器操作,下面的条件满足: )3sin(παβαβ≤v e 从(12)可以看出,无功功率的变化相对于整流电压矢量vi 是正弦波形。

有功功率的变化移动着的正弦波,各自表示在图3和4中。

DPC 的基本思想是,为了维持直流母线电压接近参考价值,并通过控制有功功率和无功功率保持统一功率因数,在七个可能的向量之间选择最好的整流器电压矢量。

出于这个原因,新的开关表合成,基于每个部分有功功率和无功功率的变化。

从图3和4,对于每个部分,无功功率的变化量是三个整流器电压矢量和正数,三个整流器电压矢量和负数,和v0为零。

有功功率的变化对于四个整流电压矢量是正的,对两个或三个整流电压矢量负的。

比如,有功功率和无功功率的变化如表2。

对于每一个滞后输出信号的组合,Sq 和Sp ,整流器电压矢量在部分1被选择,在表3中被表示。

所有部分提出了新的开关表被表示在下面的表4中。

实现电压DPC 无传感器运行对于三相PWM 整流器,通过使用转换器的开关状态,三相线电流,直流母线电压和电感反应,估计有功功率和无功功率。

如下:分别通过13和14,估计瞬时有功功率和无功功率之后,电源电压矢量Eab ,使用以下方程估3.输出电压控制器设计3.1基于DPC 的传统的PI如图5所示,直流母线电压vdc 与参考值vdc 相比较。

获得的误差作为PI 控制器的输入,输出乘以vdc 得到瞬时有功功率P *。

PI 控制器的传递函数: s Ti s Ti kp 1s)(⋅⋅⋅+=F 其中Ki Ti =1;PI 参数选择: 10HZ c ,21,2i p =⋅=⋅=⋅f fc RL Ti C RL T K 其中π3.2 DPC 模糊控制器 图6显示了框图的模糊逻辑控制器,对于DPC 的三相PWM 整流器。

由于控制算法的数字实现,直流电压,Vdc 能与参考值相比较,差值:)1()()(e k dc v -k )(**--=∆=k e k e k dc v k e ),并且增量()(采样时刻作为输入模糊控制器。

输出有功功率命令)(P *k f ∆是变化的,新指令)(*k Pf 通过添加模糊控制器的输出,输出增益比例G ,和先前指令:)()1()(k Pf G k Pf k Pf *∆⋅+-*=二获得的。

为了提高系统的动态性能和控制器输出稳定性,比例增益GP 与模糊控制器并行。

有功功率指定的新值被显示在图6中,给出:)()()1()(***k e Gp k f P G k f P k P ⋅+∆⋅+-=误差误差e(k)和改变)(k e ∆作为数值变量,来自于系统。

将这些数值变量转换成语言变量,七个模糊变量负数最大(NB )到正数最大(PB )表示在图7。

所有的模糊变量相同的函数。

图7得出了一个统一的结论,可以通过简单的修改获得每个变量。

4.实验系统和结果实验原型,图8中,LAIIESIP 法国实验室一直在发展,为了检查并操作三相PWM 整流器DPC 方案特征。

一个三相基于IGBT 逆变器(220 v RMS ,三菱、PS11036 11 a ),它扮演使用PWM 整流器的角色。

确保绝缘和控制信号的空载,基于IXDP630组件使用。

两个霍尔CT 的LEM(PR30)和隔离放大器HAMEG(HZ64)是分别用来检测线电流和直流母线电压。

控制算法一直在发展, 用Matlab / SimulinkMT 仿真,用(RTI1104)数字信号处理器插入到PCPentium 实时实现。

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