2013届高考英语语法复习课件——名词与主谓一致
German__________ Germans （六）
tooth__________ teeth （七） children child__________
human __________ humans
geese goose__________
ox__________ oxen
2
可数名词的复数变化有什么规律？ （八）
failure意为“失败者”，此时failure具体化，由抽
象名词变为个体名词。
5
名词所有格怎么表达？
翻译下列各组短语
1. 老师们的办公室 儿童节
2. 树的叶子
3. 地球的表面 答案 1. the teachers' office;
桌子的腿
步行一小时的路程 Children's Day
2. the leaves of the tree;
2
可数名词的复数变化有如下规律： 10. 单复数同形的单词。其中单复数同复数形 式的单词主要有：means; works；series；species。
单 复 数 同 单 数 形 式 的 单 词 主 要 有 ： Chinese,
Japanese，aircraft，sheep，deer，swine，fish等。
aircraft__________ aircraft sheep sheep__________
2
可数名词的复数变化有什么规律？ （十一）
people/peoples people_____________ （十二） father- law ____________ infathers- law ineditors- chief ineditor- chief _____________ in-
3. the earth's surface;
the legs of the table
an hour's walk
5
1．人或动物的所有格常用‘s形式表达，如
果该名词本身是复数，且以s结尾，则只需在词尾
标注’。 2. 无生命的名词(通常是物体或植物)的所有格 常用of结构表达。 3. 少数第二类名词用第一种形式表达所有格。
2
主谓一致原则有：
1. 语法一致原则。即主语为单数形式，谓语动 词用单数形式。主语为复数形式，谓语动词用复数 形式(如例句1)。 2. 意义一致原则。即谓语动词的单复数形式由主 语表达的实际意义决定。同样形式的主语含义不同 时，谓语单复数形式有变化(如例句2)。
2
主谓一致原则有：
3. 就近原则。即谓语动词的单复数形式由靠近 谓语动词的名词确定(如例句3)。 4. 承前原则。即谓语动词的单复数形式由远离 谓语动词的名词确定(如例句4)
3
不可数名词有复数形式吗？
指出画线部分单词的含义
1. Healthy diet should include vegetables.
2. It's dangerous to cross waters around this island. 答案 (各种各样的)蔬菜 (很多的水体) 水域
3
不可数名词一般无复数形式。偶有复数形式，
尾的词改y为i再加es.
2
可数名词的复数变化有如下规律： 3. 以o结尾的名词变复数无规律可言，但中学 阶段以o结尾变复数加es的单词可概括为“两人两菜 ”：Negro 黑人；hero英雄；tomato番茄； potato马 铃薯。其他加s。
2
可数名词的复数变化有如下规律： 4. 以f/fe结尾的名词变复数也无规律可言，但 中学阶段以f/fe结尾变复数改f/fe为v加es的单词可 概括为“贼(thief)的妻子(wife)头戴树叶(leave)用架子 (shelf)上的半(half)把小刀(knife)结束了一只狼(wolf)
句子中谓语动词和主语在人称和数上的统一性叫主谓一致。
2
主谓一致有什么原则？
观察每组句子中谓语动词单复数形式与主语的关
系，尝试找出其中的规律
1. (1) Birds of a feather flock together. 物以类聚。
(2) Every dog has his day. 人人皆有得意时。 2. (1) The wounded need medicine and food. 伤员们需要药品和食物。 (2) The wounded is his cousin. 那个伤员是他的表弟。
fish__________ fish/fishes
touch- not ____________ metouch- nots me-
2
可数名词的复数变化有如下规律： 1. 以s，x，ch或sh 结尾的名词在词尾加es。但 stomach变成复数为stomachs。 2. 以y结尾的名词分两种情况。其中以元音字 母加y结尾的词在词尾直接加s，以辅音字母加y结
2013届高考英语语法复习课件
名词与主谓一致
定义：表示人或事物(事件/行为)名称的词是名词。
分类：名词分为专有名词和普通名词两大类，其
中普通名词又分为个体名词、集合名词、抽象名
词和物质名词。
功能：名词在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、 宾补、主补、同位语或状语。
1
什么是可数名词与不可数名词？怎样识别？
2
可数名词的复数变化有什么规律？
写出下列各组词的复数形式
（一） classes class__________
boxes box__________
matches match__________
brushes brush__________
（二）
plays play__________ story___________ stories
这些名词主要是时间，天体，国家等。动词的适当形式
is 1. I ______(be) the ninth letter of the alphabet. I是字母表中第9个字母。 2. Both the touch- not and the forget- not memeare __________(be) plants. 含羞草和勿忘我都是植物。
2
主谓一致有什么原则？
观察每组句子中谓语动词单复数形式与主语的关
系，尝试找出其中的规律
4. (1) English as well as other languages has its own
rules. 同其他语言一样，英语也有其自身特点。 (2) There is only one teacher and twenty- students six in this remote school. 这所偏远的学校有一个老师和26个学生。
1
1．可以直接用数目来计算的名词是可数名词；不 可以直接用数目来计算的名词是不可数名词。
2．一般而言，个体名词和集合名词是可数名词； 抽象名词和物质名词是不可数名词。 难点：有些名词根据词义的变化其性质也发生变化， 如：success(成功)是抽象名词，常用作不可数名词， 但表示“成功的实例(人或物)”时，用作可数名词。 另外，名词是否可数，不能完全根据汉语的思维来 确定。
的生命(life)”。其他加s。
2
可数名词的复数变化有如下规律： 5. 含man的单词，通常改其中的元音字母a为e。 但直接加s的单词有三个：Roman, German, human。
6. 单词中间含oo的单词，通常改其中的元音 字母oo为ee。
7. 加(r)en变复数的单词：child(ren); ox(en)。 8. 以a为复数形式的单词：bacteria; phenomena。 9. 改 is 为 es 变 为 复 数 形 式 的 单 词 ： bases; analyses。
2
可数名词的复数变化有什么规律？ （三）
tomatoes tomato__________
zoo zoos __________ （四）
potatoes potato__________ hero __________ heroes
thief__________ thieves
roof __________ roofs
2
主谓一致有什么原则？
观察每组句子中谓语动词单复数形式与主语的关
系，尝试找出其中的规律
3. (1) Not only Beijing but also other cities in China
have taken on a new look. 不仅北京而且中国其他城市的面貌也焕然一新。 (2) Not human resources but the system counts. 不是人力资源而是制度起决定作用。
11. people表示“人”时，单复数同单数形式；
表示“民族”时，复数须加s；fish单复数同单数形 式，复数形式fishes表示“各种各样的鱼”。
2
可数名词的复数变化有如下规律： 12. 含有主体名词的复合名词变复数，在主体 名词上变化，如fathers- law; 无主体名词的复合 in名词变复数，在词尾上变化，如touch- nots。其 me他情况一般加s。
1
什么叫主谓一致
写出括号中动词的适当形式 decides 3. Attitude __________(decide) everything. 态度决定一切。 4. Opinions about whether to go into details about the vary issue______(vary) from person to person. 关于是否深入调查问题的细节这个问题，观点因 人而异。
用以表达种类的多，又如各种食物表达为“foods”；
或表达数量的多，又如树林表达为“woods”(很多 树)，沙地/滩/漠表达为“sands”(很多沙子)。
高中英语语法 名词和主谓一致
高中英语语法名词和主谓一致Chapter 1 名词和主谓一致一、名词 1、名词的分类1）专有名词 2）个体名词 3）集体名词 4）物质名词 5）抽象名词*抽象名词具体化（见附1）2、名词的数1）不可数名词 2）可数名词 3）集体名词的数①可表单可表复②只能表示复数4）只有复数形式的名词 5）单复数意义不同的词3、名词的格1）’s所有格的构成 2）of所有格的构成 3）双重所有格*易混名词辨析（见附2）二、主谓一致 1、主谓一致的三原则1）语法一致原则：主单谓单，主复谓复 e.g. The number of mistakes is surprising.They are praised by us.2）意义一致原则：着眼于内在含义而非外在语法形式 e.g. Three months has passed since you left. The old are very well taken care of in our city.3）就近原则：谓语动词和离他近的主语保持人称一致Or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but alsoe.g. Not only we but also the little girl is fond of the game. Either I or they are responsible for the result of the matter.2、主语的形式1）不定代词作主语①独立的不定代词作主语不定代词either \\neither\\ each\\ one\\ the other\\ another\\ someone\\ anyone\\ somebody\\something\\ anybody\\ anything\\ everyone\\ everybody\\ everything\\nobody\\ no one\\ nothing等作主语时，谓语动词常作单数 e.g. No one likes to belaughed at.Someone is waiting for you at the school gate.②neither\\ either of…作主语+复数名词，谓语动词可单可复 e.g.Either of thetwo films are\\is interesting. ③all作主语主语指人时用复数，指全部事情时用单数 e.g. All are present at the meeting. All is going on very well. ④each⑤such作主语：根据其意义定e.g. Such are the films that we are interested in.Such is Stephen Hawking, who has suffered a great deal but achieved somuch 2）集合名词作主语3）以复数形式结尾的特殊名词作主语①以-ics结尾的表学科的词作主语，谓语动词用单数：mathematics，physics ②形式上是复数的专有名词作主语，谓语动词用单数：the United States③以-s结尾的海峡、山脉、群岛等作主语，谓语动词用复数：the Philippines, the Humalayas 4）单复同形5）含有修饰语的名词作主语①量词修饰的：看量词e.g. This pair of glasses is very expensive. Those packets of sweetsbelong to him.②a group of和a couple of修饰的，谓语动词用复数e.g. A group of students are going to take the bus to school. ③quantity修饰的可数和不可数名词a quantity of 单数 A large quantity of story books has been bought forthe children. quantities of 复数 Quantities of money are needed to equip theschool. ④more(…) than oneMore than one+可数名词单数尽管意义上是复数，但因其中心词是单数，所以谓语动词用单数e.g. More than one person has made the suggestion. More+可数名词复数+than one 谓语动词用复数 e.g. More students than one are against the proposal.⑤many a修饰：形单意复Many a scientist has been trying to research into the SARS vaccine.⑥one(…) or twoone or two 后接可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数 e.g. One or two hours are enough for this work.a\\an +可数名词单数+or two，谓语动词用单数 e.g. One tear or two rollsdown her face.⑦百分数：看被修饰的词 6）the+形容词作主语表一类人，用复数 The injured have been sent to the hospital.表个别或抽象概念，用单数 The new is sure to take the place of the old. 7）非谓语动词形式、从句作主语①非谓语动词形式作主语A.单独的不定式、动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数To prevent the air from being polluted is what we are now researching.B.多个非谓语动词连在一起表达同一概念，谓语动词用单数；表达不同概念，谓语动词用复数。
主谓一致(第一、+二讲)课件-2023届高三英语一轮复习
• Mathematics is the study of numbers.
• 3)以-s结尾的地理名称
• 如果是国名，如the United States, the United Nations(UN)联合国， the Netherlands(荷兰)，尽管带有复数词尾，但是单一政治实体， 故作单数用。
• 有时谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语，这就叫做 就近原则。
• Either my brothers or my father is coming.
• No one except his own supporters agree with him.
• 二、本身以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题 • 1）以-s结尾的疾病名称和游戏名称，通常为单数 • Mumps(腮腺炎) is a kind of infectious disease(传染病）。 • Darts(投镖游戏) is essentially(本质上) a free and easy game. • essentially=in essence • 但也有个别表示游戏名称的名词作复数用 • Cards(打纸牌) are not allowed here. • 2) 以-ics结尾的学科名称：physics, mathematics, politics都用作单
• 三、以集体名词作主语的主谓一致问题
• 1）通常用作复数的集体名词：people, cattle
• Domestic cattle provide us with milk and beef. • 2) 通常作不可数名词的集体名词：equipment, furniture,
merchandise(商品) • 3) 既可作单数也可复数的集体名词，如：audience, committee,
高考英语语法 主谓一致原则
第三讲高中英语语法主谓一致原则三原则：1. 语法一致 2. 意义一致 3 ，就近一致一. 主语→集体名词（见名词）1. 单数含义2. 复数含义3. 单复数均可e.g. People often use body language on purpose.The youth today are the pensioners of tomorrow.Our team is very important to me. Our team are travelling to Xinjiang.The population of Jiangsu has grown to more than twice what it was in 1949.His personal wealth is estimated at around $ 100 million.二, 主语→并列结构1. and连接的并列主语(1) 由and / both ···and 连接的主语，谓语→复数e.g. But anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs of the mother car.Air and water are essential to human beings.Both rice and cotton grow in the southern area.(2) 由and 连接的并列单数主语指同一人、事物、概念，这时第二个名词前无限定词或两个名词前均无限定词，谓语→ 单数e.g. A poet and artist is coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow.The secretary and the principal of the school are a friend of mine.The ninth and last chapter was written by Tom. / The ninth and the last chapter were···(3) 由and 连接的并列主语前如果有no /each /every /many a 修饰，谓语→单数e.g. Every boy and (every) girl has an apple. No desk and chair was seen in the room.(4) 单数概念的习语：a knife and fork / a cup and saucer / a watch and chain / bread and butter/ the needle andthread / cause and effect / heart and soul / pen and ink / time and tide / fish and chips / truth and honesty / rock and roll / peace and quiet / whisky and soda / strawberry and cream2. 就近原则：not only… but also / either…or / neither…nor / not…but / or / there be / here /theree.g. Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.Was he or you are able to persuade her?Not the students but I was wrong.Are neither you nor I fit for the work?There’s a boy and two girls at the door.3. 并列的非谓语动词及从句作主语：(1) 单独的to do /doing / 从句作主语，谓语→单数Visiting a place like this is always very interesting.To say is easier than to do.How this happened isn’t clear to anyone.Whether he’ll come here isn’t known.(2) 由and 连接两个相同部分作主语，表示整体(同一) 概念视为单数，表示不同概念视为复数。
二。名词和主谓一致(高考英语语法复习)
二．名词和主谓一致1.名词的数（1）.常见的不可数名词：advice.news.progress.money.furniture.fun.equipment.weather.luck rmation.bread.medicine.clothing.wealth. sope.rice这些词在使用中不可乱套汉语而使用复数或加不定冠词（2）.有些名词通常只用作复数。
如：glasses.clothes.trousers（裤子）.ashes(灰尘).congrstulations.in high spirit（以很高的热情）.It is good manners to do sth.（做某事有礼貌）（3）.有些名词既可以作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，但意义不同。
Workun.工作cn.作品，著作roomun.空间cn.房间Experience un.经验cn.经历paperun.纸cn.论文、试卷、文件（4）.名词的修饰词只能修饰可数名词的有：each,either,neither, another, these, Those,both, (a)few, several, many, agreat/good many, dozens of等只能修饰不可数名词的有：（a）little, much, a bit of, a great dealof, a large amount of 等。
既可修饰可数又可修饰不可数的有：some, any, half, most, all, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, quantities of 等。
2.名词的单复数（1）.绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式，是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。
friend→friends;cat→cats;style→styles;sport→sports;piece→pieces(2).凡是以s、z、x、ch、sh结尾的词，在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。
高考英语主谓一致
主谓一致英语中的一致主要包括主语和谓语在人称和单复数上的一致、时态一致、名词和其代词一致;谓语动词的形式必须随着主语单复数形式的变化而变化;高考英语中主要以完形填空和语法填空的形式,同时可能会结合其他语法点比如非谓语动词和复合句等来考查;一、主谓一致的三原则主谓一致一般要遵循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则;（一）语法一致原则主语和谓语通常是从语法形式上取得一致,即主语是单数形式,谓语动词也采用单数形式；主语是复数形式,谓语动词也采用复数形式;Jolin has made great success with so many years going on.Jolin是单数形式,谓语动词have也应当用单数形式hasThe Jolins are very fond of singing .the Jolins 指一家人,表示复数,谓语动词be也应当用复数形式are;（二）意义一致原则意义一致原则是指从意义着眼来处理主谓一致问题;有时候主语在形式上是单数形式,但是其意义是负数,谓语动词根据意义而定,采用复数形式;The singer and artist is holding a concert called “land blue”.歌星和大艺术家是同一个人,是单数;The old are very well taken care of in our city.the old 指所有老年人,指一类人,是复数;（三）就近原则就近原则是指谓语动词的变化以靠近谓语动词的主语部分而定;Linlin or you are supposed to get into the hole.You是最靠近谓语动词的主语部分,因此be动词应当用复数形式的are;二、主谓一致的详细讲解（一）代词作主语1．不定代词either, neither, each, one, the other,another以及复合不定代词someone, somebody等作主语,谓语动词用单数;Someone has parked the car on the street.One is from the USA and the other two are from the UK.2.不定代词none作主语时如果指人或者可数的物,指数目,谓语动词单复数均可；如果指不可数名词,指量,谓语动词用单数;None of the students have/has made the mistakes this time.Jimmy has used up all the money. None is left.3.all单独作主语指人时,谓语动词用复数,指物时,谓语动词用单数;All are present at the meeting.All is going on very well.4.由each修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数;Each位于复数主语后或者句尾作同位语时,不影响谓语动词的单复数形式;Each student has a walkman which helps them improve their listening.They each have won the first prize.=They have won the first prize each.5.neither of和 either of加复数名词或者代词作主语,谓语动词用单复数均可;Either of the story is/are interesting;Neither of us has/have received the postcard.6.such作主语时谓语动词的单复数形式应当根据其意义而定;Such is Stephen Hawing , who has suffered a great deal but achieved so much.Such are the difficulties that we are faced with.7.疑问代词作主语时,谓语动词应当根据其实际意义来判断单复数;Who is the girl over thereWho are the girls over thereWhich is your book, this one or that oneWhich are your books, these or those8.关系代词作主语,其人称和数的变化随先行词而定;参加定语从句讲义;Those who have seen the film please put up your hands.The man who is speaking at the meeting is our chairman.注意三种结构：one of, the only of,not the only of加名词或者代词结构中的定语从句的单复数;参见定语从句讲义;二名词作主语1.集体名词作主语1people, cattle, police只有复数概念的集体名词,谓语动词用复数;2audience, army, class, company, enemy, family, group, public, government,population等集体名词作主语,若作为一个主体,谓语动词用单数；若着眼于成员或者个体,谓语动词用复数;His family was the largest among the whole village.My family are going on a trip this summer.3equipment, furniture, baggage, machinery, clothing, jewellery等表示某一类物品总称的集体名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数;因为这些词是不可数名词;2.单复数同形的词作主语,谓语动词单复数根据其意义而定;means, fish, sheep, deer, crossroads, series, species, works工厂Each means has been tried to solve the problem.There are various of means to solve the problem.1work与workswork表示“工作”,不可数名词,谓语动词永远用单数;work表示“作品”,可数名词,谓语动词用单数；复数形式是works,谓语动词用复数;works表示“工厂”,单复数同形;谓语动词视其句子中的意义而定;2a series of + n 和a species of +n作主语,谓语动词用单数;3.以s结尾的由两部分组成的表示衣物或者工具的名词作主语,谓语动词用复数;如：glasses, shoes, boots, pants, chopsticks, scissors, socks, stockings, trousers 等但是前面有“a pair of”或者“pairs of”修饰时,谓语动词与pair保持一致;4.以s结尾的学科作主语,谓语动词用单数;如：politics, physics, mathematics5.以s结尾的海峡、山脉、群岛和表示时间、距离、长度、价值、金额、重量等的复数名词作主语,常被看做整体,谓语动词用单数;Twenty years has passed.A hundred miles is a long way.三含有修饰语的名词的主谓一致1. a number of和the number ofa number of + 复数名词,表示“很多”,谓语动词用复数；the number of + 复数名词,表示“……的数量”,谓语动词用单数;2.some, plenty of , a lot of, lots of等既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词,其谓语动词单复数根据所修饰的词而定;Some people work to live while some people live to work.A lot of work is to be done to prepare for the conference.3.主语含有quantity,谓语动词单复数看quantitya quantity of + 可数名词/不可数名词,谓语动词用单数quantities of +可数名词/不可数名词,谓语动词用复数4.most of, the rest, the rest of, part, part of作主语,谓语动词应根据所修饰的名词或者代词而定;Part of his story was not true.Part of the teachers are from England.5.百分数,分数+of+名词作主语,谓语动词根据of后的名词决定单复数;50% of the land is now suitable to grow crops.20% of the people object to the new law.注意一个例外：当用“one in”或者“one out of”表示几分之一时,谓语动词不看of后的名词,只用单数;It is reported that one in ten people suffers from lung cancer.One out of twenty was badly damaged.6.“the majority of + 复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数;“the majority”单独作主语,谓语动词既可以用单数也可以用复数;The majority of boys like football.The majority were/was in favor of the proposal.7.“a kind of , this kind of , many kinds of +名词”作主语,谓语动词与of后的名词保持数的一致;kind可以替换成sort,type,form8.“more than one +单数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数;“more +复数名词+ than one”作主语,谓语动词用复数;More than one person was injured in the accident.More members than one are against the proposal.9.“many a + 单数名词”作主语,谓语用单数;Many a student has failed in the exam.10.“one or two +复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数;“a/an + 单数名词 + or two”作主语,谓语动词用单数;One or two days are enough for the work.A day or two is enough for the work.四并列结构作主语的主谓一致1.and 问题1both…and…作主语,谓语用复数;2and连接人名或者人称代词作主语,谓语动词用复数;3两个名词共用一个冠词,用and连接,表示同一人、同一事或者同意概念,谓语用单数;The singer and the dancer are to attend the party. 歌星和舞蹈家都会参加派对;The singer and dancer is to attend the party. 那个歌星兼舞蹈家会参加派对;常见表示同一概念的短语：bread and butter 面包黄油a horse and cart 一套马车a knife and fork 一副刀叉a cup and saucer 一套茶盘}4every + 单数名词 + and + every +单数名词each + 单数名词 + and + each +单数名词no + 单数名词 + and +no +单数名词谓语动词用单数many a +单数名词 + and + many a +单数名词2.either…or… ,neither…nor…,not only…but also…,not…but…,or作主语,谓语动词采取就近原则;Neither you nor your mother is right.You, he, or I am right.Not only he but also I am right.Is either he or you right3.主语后面有with, together with, along with, as well as , like , such as , rather than , besides , including , in addition to , except 等词修饰,谓语动词不受这些词影响;I as well as you am to blame for breaking the window.五动名词短语,不定式短语,名词性从句充当句子主语时,谓语动词用单数;Translating the books is not so easy.To see is to believe.he said is right.注意：1.and连接的不定式、动名词或者从句作主语,谓语动词应当根据句子的单复数概念决定用单数还是复数;When to hold the meeting and where to hold are two things.Going to bed early and getting up early is good habit.2.what引导的主语从句,谓语动词一般用单数形式,但若从句后的表语是负数形式或者从句本身表示复数意义,则谓语动词用复数形式;What they need are books.比较：What they need is more money.六其他情况1.四则运算:相加、相乘,谓语动词单复数均可;相减、相除,谓语动词用单数;Fifteen and fifteen is/are/makes/make/equals/equal/is equal to/are equal to thirty.Five times six is/are/makes/make/equals/equal/is equal to/are equal to thirty.Fifteen minus five is makes/equals/is equal to ten.Fifteen divided by five makes/equals/is equal to three.2.There / Here句型采取就近原则;Here goes a bus.There is a bus.3.倒装句在倒装句中谓语动词应与后面的主语保持一致;On the wall is a photo of my family.Gone are the days when we worked together, laughed together.4.名词化的形容词the + 形容词表示一类人,谓语动词用复数the + 形容词表示一类物,谓语动词用单数The poor are the part of people we help.The beautiful gives happiness to all.注意：the + 国籍类形容词,谓语动词永远用复数The Chinese are like to be together during the Spring Festival.The Chinese are a hard-working people.。
2013年高考英语试题分类解析 名词与主谓一致
名词与主谓一致1.【2013重庆22】—Would you like a glass of wine?—_______. I don't drink.A. No, thanksB. Yes, pleaseC. I don't like itD. It's my favorite【答案】A【解析】考查交际用语。
No, thanks谢谢。
英语中别人的询问应婉言拒绝。
句意：—喝杯酒吗？—谢谢，我不喝酒。
2.【2013辽宁23】The accident caused so me______ to my car, but it’s nothing serious.A. harmB. injuryC. ruinD. damage【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。
Damage有损坏，但修复。
句意：故事给我的车带来一些损坏，但不严重。
harm伤害，常构成短语“do harm to…”；injury受伤，多指对人的伤害，ruin毁坏，损毁，不可修复。
根据句意可知答案空格处用damage。
3.【2013福建23】The famous musician, as well as his students, _______ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.A. were invitedB. was invitedC. have been invitedD. has been invited【答案】B【解析】考查主谓一致和动词时态。
题干主语中心词为介词短语as well as之前的musician，故谓语使用单数；句中信息at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo表明时态用一般过去时态。
句意：那位著名音乐家,以及他的学生被邀请参加开幕式的2012台北花卉博览会。
2013高考英语冲刺讲义：一 名词和主谓一致
Somebody is speaking in class. Everything around us is matter
若none of后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数。若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。
A.in a surprise B.in the surpriseC.in surpriseD.in some surprise
其它例子：The gift came as a complete surprise to me. We have had some unpleasant surprise
③It is work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it.
It is we whoaregoing to the cinema tonight.
如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数形式；如果它指的集体的成员，其谓语动词用复数形式
The police are looking for the lost child.
The cattle are eating grass in the field.
III.主谓一致
规则
情况
举例
语
法
一
致
原
则
以单数名词或代词动词不定式短语，动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词
用复数形式。
His father is working on the farm.
To study English well is not easy.
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习：主谓一致讲解课件(共29张)
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习 ：主谓 一致讲 解课件 （共29 张）
主谓一致
Subject-Verb Agreement
主谓一致 (Subject-Verb Agreement) 指 谓语动词 在人称和数上 要和 主语 保持一致。
(1) 语法一致原则：主谓在语法形式上一致，即单复数形式相同。 f. 国家、机构、事件、作品等专有名词作主语，视为单数。
真题解析
【2017阅读】 The proliferation of testing in schools has become one of the most contentious topics in U.S. education.
【句意】学校考试的泛滥已经成为美国教育中最具争议的话题之一。
主谓一致 Subject-Verb Agreement
主谓一致
Subject-Verb Agreement
主谓一致 (Subject-Verb Agreement) 指 谓语动词 在人称和数上 要和 主语 保持一致。
(1) 语法一致原则：主谓在语法形式上一致，即单复数形式相同。 d. 名词+of 所有格作主语，谓语单复数视前面的核心名词而定。
The colors of the rainbow _______(be) beautiful.
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习 ：主谓 一致讲 解课件 （共29 张）
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习 ：主谓 一致讲 解课件 （共29 张）
主谓一致
Subject-Verb Agreement
主谓一致 (Subject-Verb Agreement) 指 谓语动词 在人称和数上 要和 主语 保持一致。
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习 ：主谓 一致讲 解课件 （共29 张）
高考英语语法复习二：主谓一致
语法复习二、主谓一致在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。
寻其规律，大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。
（一）语法一致原则：语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：His father is working on the farm. / To study English well is not easy. / What he said is very important for us all. / The children were in the classroom two hours ago. / Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.注意：由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
如：What I bought were three English books. / What I say and do is (are) helpful to you.2、由连接词and或both … and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。
如：Lucy and Lily are twins. / She and I are classmates. / The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. / Both she and he are Y oung Pioneers.注意：①若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。
如：The writer and artist has come.; / ②由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
高考英语二轮复习课件核心语法必备 专题 谓语动词(动词的时态、语态、主谓一致、情态动词和虚拟语气)
复数
视
单复数同形的名词, 如means, deer, fish, sheep等
情
all, none, some, any等不定代词
况
“half/most/part/the rest/the last/lots/plenty/分数/百分数+of+名词” 而
做主语, 谓语要和of之后的名词单复数保持一致
By the time Jack returned home from
表示一个动作或状态从过去 England, his son had graduated from 某一时间之前已经开始, 一直 college. 持续到过去这一时刻的动作 杰克从英国回到家中时, 他的儿子已经大
学毕业。
重点一
重点二
高考总复习
核心语法
必
备
专题一 谓语动词(动词的时态、语态、 主谓一致、情态动词和虚拟语气)
英语
内容索引
要点精讲•破疑解难 对点演练•精准提升
要点精讲•破疑解难
重点一 热考的5种时态
考点1 一般现在时(am/is/are或do/does)
用法
例句
表示现在经常性、习惯性、 反复性的动作或状态
Susan talks every night in her dream. It
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点四
考点4 过去完成时(had+动词过去分词)
用法
例句
表示在过去某一时间或过去 The film had begun when we got to the
某一动作之前已经发生并完 cinema yesterday.
成的动作, 即“过去的过去” 昨天我们到达电影院时, 电影已经开始了。