考博英语作文背诵版(考博必备)

考博作文资料背诵版（考试后整理）

第一部分：写作的基本类型

1. 体育类：competition, stamina, victory, glory, honor, achievement, dedication

2. 工作类:cooperation, commitment, devotion, talent, ability,

3. 环保类:environment, resources, ecological balance, species extinction,

4. 传媒：electronic media, on-line addict, communication,

5. 老年人: elders, senior citizens, retired people

6. 交通方式：means of transportation, public transit, traffic jams, accidents

7. 娱乐：entertainment, diversion, recreation, leisure activities, a relaxed life

8. 教育：education, sustainable development

9. 文化:culture, convention, tradition, integrity, wisdom, intelligence, heritage

第二部分基本策略

第一个模板

策略1: 支持或者反对: There’s a solid reason for the statement that 重要/获益/有害/不获益

次段：原因/举例: Clearly, as I can see it, 主题词plays a key role（threatens to do more harm than good）in our society, so we are supposed to emphasize its importance(threat) in our everyday life. One reason is that by doing so, it is possible for us to延伸and 延伸. The other reason(example) is that we are more likely to延伸and 延伸. So it is safe to say that the central position(potential threat) of 主题词cannot be ignored.

三段：让步比较/建议整改：Some people might point out that 延伸，hence the conclusion that延伸. Even such possibility exists, it doesn’t run counter to the statement that 第二段观点. Such a conclusion might be conservative, but it is more realistic, persuasive and convincing.

四段：整改措施：In this issue, researchers and experts are supposed to take concrete steps: whatever approach they take, a feedback mechanism is central of all things. For another thing, journalists are obliged to remind people of the central position of主题词and the potential harm of主题词. As for the citizens, it is important for them to watch out for the misconducts, extending their helping hands and foster rational values. But the best policy for them is to learn self-control.

修正了的第二个模板

策略2：既不支持、也不反对：To simplify the issue that whether we should…, one has to take two aspects into consideration and give each of them due attention, one of them being名词, the other being名词.

次段：原因举例：Clearly, as I can see it, 主题词plays a key role in our society, so we are supposed to emphasize its importance in our everyday life. One reason is that by doing so, it is possible for us to延伸and 延伸. The other reason is that we are more likely to

延伸and 延伸. So it is safe to say that the central position of 主题词cannot be ignored. 三段：平衡比较：Despite the statement that总结第二段，there’re two things to note. One possibility(example) is that延伸. The other (instance) is that延伸. Some readers might think that they are exceptions, but they do exist in our society and equally deserve our attention.

四段：To sum up, it can be concluded that while第三段观点，第二段观点. Such a conclusion might be conservative, but it is more convincing, realistic and persuasive.

第三部分：第二段和第三段的写作思路

1）重要有害要重视；2）挣钱省时担责任；3）方便快捷要安全；4）娱乐要注意健康；5）帮助别人成就自我；6）遵守法律和道德；7）发展兼顾文化环境

第四部分延伸句写作

延伸句的基本理念：

There’re, of course, five grounds with which a passage is censured, that is, it is impossible, irrational, inconsistent, immoral and technically at fault.

-Aristotle 一篇文章受到质疑，共有五大原因：不可能、不合理、不一致、不道德、技术上有缺陷。

-亚里斯多德

写作经验1：尽量单点延伸，不要什么都说，沿着“态度-行为-结果-影响”模式展开。

写作经验2：轻易不要吐露“利大于弊”这类说法，这样会带来更多的模板背诵。

写作经验3：实证写作，二三段内容具体，最没有模板痕迹。

写作经验4：注意以下题材：1）时尚、2）广告、3）环境

Money is important, and then many people give priority to its role. By doing so, they (always/sometimes/hardly/seldom)行为延伸work in their spare time and make good money. For another thing, it is possible for them to pay for their living cost.

延伸句写作的说法

态度→行为→结果→影响

一、挣钱物质（选三）(养老、兼职工作)

1.benefit greatly（little）from 主题词because its reward is huge.可以从中获益，因

为它的回报巨大

2.obtain(purchase)some necessities such as(including)food and clothes得到食品衣服

3.be sheltered from bad weather or danger有地方住，能不受天气困扰，不受伤害

4.As economy improves, more people can earn handsome salary and obtain well-paid

positions，enjoy a paid vacation.挣得丰厚的收入、得到好工作、享受带薪假期

5.afford their living cost such as housing(room rent房租), private cars, tuition fee, gas,

car repair, and medical care: 承受生活开销，例如买得起房（承受得起房租）车、上得起学、能修车（承受得起修车费）、能买油（承受得起油钱）、看得起病

6.improve their living standards改善生活水平，lead(live) an easy, comfortable and

peaceful life过上舒适的生活，enjoy their late years安享晚年

7.trade one’s honor for dirty money为钱失去尊严，break a company’s (national) rules

违法乱纪，leak the business secrets to the competitors不向竞争对手泄露商业机密，risk their lives for money为了金钱铤而走险

二、时间（选一）（娱乐、上网、专职兼职工作、疲劳驾驶、酒后驾驶）

1.They occupy much time that should have been spent(invested)on their

(work)academic studies 占用很多本来应该花在学业上的时间

2.stay up late and neither sleep regular hours nor eat sensibly熬夜、睡眠、饮食不规律

3.Youngsters seldom concentrate on their academic studies学习精力不集中have a hard

time finishing their assignment没有时间完成学业fail to follow up the courses学习跟不上gradually lose their motivation to pursue study失去学习兴趣get poor test results考试不及格

4.indulge in computer games沉溺于电脑游戏，live in a world full of fantasies生活在充

满虚幻的世界里，escape from reality逃避现实，feel lonely, be isolated from reality 感到孤独，脱离现实

5.have little time to stay with their families or socialize没有时间和家人呆在一起

6.either idle their time or waste much money:耗费时间、浪费金钱，neither make the

most of their spare time nor earn enough money既没有充分运用时间、也没有挣多少钱

7.they feel dizzy，suffer from headache(backache), and have dim sights头晕、头疼、视

线模糊，become distracted and less motivated走神儿、萎靡不振、积极性不高，have little time to react没有时间反应

三、责任（养老、公务员考试、反腐倡廉）

1.When we’re young, parents bring home bread and bacon养家糊口(support a family),

bring up (raise/nourish) the children养育子女

When they’re aging, we are obliged to take care of them养老, respect the elders and love the young.尊老爱幼，set an example for the younger generation为年轻一代做出表率

2.They are avoiding their duties and shift them to other people. 逃避责任，并把责任推

卸给别人。

3.keep social order,维护社会秩序uphold social justice, 捍卫社会正义expose social

evils, 揭露社会邪恶crack down crimes:打击犯罪respect the old and love the young,尊老爱幼practice filial piety, 恪守孝道bless the good and punish the evil,赏善罚恶protect the property of the citizens 保护市民人身安全和财产安全

safeguard the legal rights of citizens捍卫公民的合法权益

serve the citizens with heart and soul全心全意为市民服务

4.shoulder the responsibility instead of shifting them to others承担责任

provide a range of social services such as medical insurance and low income support 提供社会保障

donate food, clothes and money to the people in difficulty.向陷入困境的人们捐献食品、衣服和金钱

comfort people with greeting and blessing给绝望的人以鼓励和祝福

financially support a child to further his education帮助一个贫困儿童继续上学

assist the disadvantaged groups such as the poor, the homeless, the disabled and the seniors.帮助弱势群体

四、方便：convenience, efficiency, entertainment（传媒：网络、手机、电视、报刊杂志、E-book）

1.send and receive E-mails收发信件play computer games or chat on-line网上聊天

have an on-line conference开网上会议, shop-on line网购

2.have an easy access toobtain/download a wealth(bulk) of up-to-date(fresh/latest)

information from social highlights, breaking news to entertainments through Google and Baidu; 通过谷歌和百度得到大量信息，包括社会热点、爆炸性新闻和娱乐

3.log in, type in our passwords, account number, and then order our favorite goods such

as books, foods, and clothes.登录、输入密码和帐号，订购喜欢的商品如书籍、食品和衣服

4.have an easy access to（download）American sitcoms,(Hollywood) movies，on-line

courses of Harvard, Yale and Stanford, CNN on-line news, audio and video programs.网上新闻、音频、视频follow up the breaking news(scientific development) around the world跟踪世界热点新闻

5.be turned into fresh men, 精力充沛、calm their nerve and restore their souls放松、

恢复活力

6.Through MSN, speed up communication, promote mutual understanding, shrink the

distance between individuals(people)加快沟通、促进相互了解、拉近彼此的距离

7.speed up communication with other people, remove the barrier, enlarge friend circle,

extend their information sources, turn ourselves into fresh men.扩大朋友圈、扩大信息源, 网上聊天改善市民们间的沟通，消除了他们之间的障碍

8.Though seldom do we meet the leader of a country, participate in a war or travel to

the Moon, we can still observe such experiences through the photos or live reports from Internet.尽管我们没有碰到过国家领导人、参战或者去月球旅行，我们仍然可以通过图片和网上的现场报道观察到这种经历。

五、快捷：(交通、城乡差距、要会说“很方便”)

Convenience, efficiency, entertainment 1.We can have an easy access to a rich selection of goods in a shopping mall, while

within ten minutes, we can reach a cinema only two streets away from my home.

我们可以在商城里有丰富的商品可选；只需要十分钟，我们就能到达离家两街之隔的电影院。

2.We can arrive at a cyber bar within a ten-minute walk. And we can sip a cup of Black

ice in a Starbuck.

只要十分钟步行就能到达一家网吧，可以在一家星巴克里饮用咖啡。

https://www.360docs.net/doc/7413051090.html,ually a city is well equipped with post offices, medical centers, schools and kinder

gardens. So it is convenient for a city dweller to call EMS, have an easy access to medical care or tend their children. 城市里有医疗中心、邮局、学校、幼儿园，很容易就能叫特快服务，医疗条件好，能照顾孩子。

4. A city is a place where many higher educational institutions concentrate. They provide

city dwellers with better educational opportunities. 在城市里面有很多高等教育机构，他们为城市居民提供多种教育机会。

5.Many museums are located in a city and provide a cultural setting for many visitors.

People can expand their outlook and extend their knowledge there. 城市里面还坐落着很多博物馆，提供给来访者良好的文化氛围中，人们在那里可以开阔眼界、增长知识。

6.obtain many job opportunities, earn handsome salary, obtain a well-paid position得到

工作机会、获得丰厚收入、找到好职位

六、安全（旅游的注意事项、行车安全、网络）

1.feel overtired or dizzy，suffer from headache and have a dim sight过度劳累、感到头

晕、头疼、视线昏暗even fall sleep while driving开车时睡着了

2.cannot concentrate on their driving behaviors and the emergency on the highway.开车

精神不集中，不能注意公路上的紧急情况。

3.When they wake up, they can have little time to react没有时间做出反应

https://www.360docs.net/doc/7413051090.html,e off the track while driving串道collide with other vehicles其他车辆产生碰撞

5.damage the vehicles of their own and put other people’s lives in grave danger, or vice

versa毁坏车辆、人身安全受到威胁

6.plunge into a totally strange environment进入陌生环境（对什么都不习惯）、be

overcharged at a wholesale market(at an outlet/at an on-line shop.)在批发市场挨宰7.Hotel reservations or flights are sometimes cancelled, but the clerks give no

explanation.航班、旅馆预订被取消，但是工作人员不解释

get stuck in the airport because of bad weather or delayed flights由于航班延误和坏天气导致机场滞留

8.watch out for food poisoning, robbery, theft,警惕食品中毒、抢劫、盗窃

safeguardburglar, deception or financial fraud. 警惕入室盗窃、诈骗和金融诈骗

9.Sometimes some hackers will break into our computer system(on-line bank), steal our

personal information, passwords and account numbers.黑客闯入电脑并盗取密码10.leak(give out) their personal information such as ID, cell phone numbers and address

泄露个人信息，如身份证、手机号码、住址，expose their privacy to the spotlight隐私曝光，put their property and personal lives in grave danger(骗钱骗色)将自身财产、隐私和生命处在巨大的危险中

11.be invaded by some computer viruses(a hacker), our system will probably crash, Some

important files will be deleted.病毒侵入电脑、瘫痪系统、文件被删除

12.Sometimes when your order goods from a website, you often find that the delivered

products don’t meet your requirements (the delivered goods are not up to you standards).当你从网页上订货时，你会发现送来的商品不合乎你的标准。Worse still, you soon find that it is barely possible for you to cancel your order, reject the products, ask for full amount of refund or lodge a compliant to the Consumers Association.更糟糕的是，你会发现几乎不可能取消订货或者不要这个商品、要求全额退款或者去消费者协会投诉。

七、娱乐方式（娱乐、教育、旅游、养宠物、时尚）炫富

1.stroll on the main street逛街、go window shopping只看不买,

go hiking, sing songs at KTV, or climb a hills远足、慢跑

idle time and get away from one’s daily grind打发时间、从无聊的生活中解脱出来2.It can broaden one’s views, while it can also extend his knowledge, enrich his

experience and draw on experiences from other people. 开阔眼界、增长知识、丰富阅历，从他人那里吸取经验教训

3.one can avoid spirit sink避免精神颓废get away from one’s daily grind摆脱无聊生

活，calm one’s nerve放松and meet new friends(enlarge friend circle)结识新朋友

4.Many other opinions are available. For example, they can jog, swim or circle, while

dinners and parties can bring people together, promoting mutual understanding between people.慢跑、旅游、骑自行车，远足和晚会能促进彼此之间的了解

5.demonstrate one’s personality such as hobbies, tastes and passion展示个

性、如爱好、品味和激情lead the vanguard spirit引领前卫精神

6.炫耀名牌产品：show off their brand names满足虚荣心：satisfy their

vanity,引发公众的眼球效应spark eyeball effects among the general public形成攀比keep up with Joneses（浪费资财squander their (parents’) wealth(兼顾另一个主题词“啃老”)

7.没有展示出健康向上的个性：fail to demonstrate their talents, vigor

and wisdom（没有展示出才艺、活力和智慧）

8.缺少品味：lack in spiritual and aesthetic(artistic)qualities

9.精神空虚：reveal their spiritual wasteland

八、身心健康（健康、吸烟、养老、体育健身活动）

1.The breathe in fresh air, drink clean water, bask in the bright sunshine or eat clean

food,呼吸新鲜空气、饮用干净水，沐浴阳光下，吃干净食品，while you can enjoy a quiet setting and enlarge friend circle.享受安静的环境，扩大朋友圈

2.avoid overeating and overdrinking避免暴饮暴食

sleep regular hours and eat sensibly睡眠规律、饮食规律

keep away from liquors and drugs远离酒精和毒品

3.stretch out our limbs, turn around our necks, and hop in place, be turned into fresh

men伸展四肢、扭扭脖子、原地跳一跳、也会精力充沛

people can keep fit physically and mentally by jogging, swimming or playing basketball 通过慢跑、游泳和打篮球保持身体健康

In a gym, we can build up（shape）one’s body by sit-ups, pull-ups, push-ups, rope skipping, weight lifting and Yuga.仰卧起坐、引体向上、俯卧撑、跳绳、举重、瑜伽4.live a normal life in order to avoid over- exhaustion, headache and insomnia

避免过度疲劳、头疼和失眠

By jogging, swimming or playing basketball, people can prevent heart attacks, hypertension(high blood pressure), pneumonia, diabetes or obesity，etc. 通过慢跑、游泳和打篮球，人们可以预防心脏病、高血压、肺炎、糖尿病、肥胖症

people can(not) keep fit physically and mentally and relieve their pressure能够缓解压力、焦虑和压抑,extend life span.延年益寿

九、帮助别人

1.we can, on a bus, give our seat to an elder(a senior)or an expectant mother让座or

show the way to a foreign traveler指路

2.provide food, clothes and money to the people in difficulty.给困难的人食品、衣服和

金钱

donate blood to a dying patient献血

comfort people with blessings用祝福给他人以安慰

financially support a poor child to further his education.助学儿童

assist the disadvantaged groups such as the old, the poor, the homeless and the disabled.救助弱势群体secure their food and shelter确保他们的食品和住处，

3.obtain material support, mental comfort, or spiritual backup.别人可以得到物质支持、

情感抚慰和精神支柱win the best regard from those people赢得对方的好感和爱戴bridge the gap between people, remove the barrier,rescue them from a grave

danger, walk out of their difficulty, 消除彼此隔阂、帮他们走出困境

build a harmonious society, fit into a harmonious human relationship融入（共建）和谐社会

4.become more optimistic, courageous and self-confident自信

dare challenges面对挑战

十、自我成就

1. come up with pressure(stress), challenges, and hardship (failure/frustrations/setbacks)

2.work hard(together)and stick to a goal努力学习、坚持不懈

read extensively, accumulate working experience, draw on experience from other people.博学强记、积累工作经验、从他人那里吸收有用（有益）的东西

think logically, creatively and independently逻辑思维、创造思维、独立思考

foster analytical and problem solving abilities培养分析解决问题的能力

3.be admitted to a college上大学obtain a well-paid position得到一个薪酬丰厚的职位

accumulate(build up/increase)one’s wealth积累财富

improve their skills改善技能hold (grab/grasp) fast opportunities把握机会

shape future, shoulder the responsibility, further their cause把握未来、承担责任、开展事业

4.It can cultivate talent, confidence and self-worth. 培养能力、信心、自尊

They can obtain wealth and attain social status. Through your help，they can become self-confident, courageous, motivated and optimistic.积累财富、得到社会地位、变得自信、勇敢、积极和乐观

acquire knowledge, improve status quo, fit into(adapt to)a competitive society获得知识、改变现状、适应社会

5.To be successful, one has to start from very beginning.从基层做起

keep grace under pressure.镇定自若

always set a goal and achieve it.永远设立目标和完成目标

dare challenges and overcome difficulty迎接挑战、克服困难

十一、道德方向

1.In order to earn more profit，replace genuine goods with fake ones.以次充好

break rules or regulations违法乱纪，bed-peddle some out-of-date products.兜售过期产品

they exaggerate the size and function of a product, 夸大产品尺寸和功能

reduce the cost and drive up its prices:降低成本、炒作价格

2.spread(disseminate) misleading information against its competitors, lead to vicious

competition, run counter to the essence of virtuous competition散布不利于竞争对手的误导信息，引起恶性竞争，这与良性竞争的精髓背道而驰

3.bring the market into disorder and cheat money out of the consumers.市场陷入混乱，

从消费者那里骗取了很多钱财

The price goes up, but the quality of goods is worsening. So these attempts harm the interest of consumers. 物价上涨、产品质量下降、伤害了消费者的利益。

4.Once consumers find themselves cheated, they will certainly resist the goods. Finally,

these companies will lose more money, or their business will probably fail.一旦消费者发现自己被欺骗，他们会抵制产品，你会亏损更多的钱、或者破产

十二、文化

1.encounter language barrier and culture shock遭遇语言障碍、文化不适应

lose cultural heritage and cultural identity失去文化遗产和文化认知（根）

be discriminated on the basis of race, colors and religion由于种族、肤色和宗教受到歧视

2.witness the wisdom and creativity of the ancient working people/ancestors

见证了古代人民的智慧和创造力(祖先)

regard it as the sum total of wisdom that belongs to a particular ethnic group.

民族智慧结晶

boast itself of the aesthetic values and its imposing style in the world

以其美学价值和富丽堂皇的风格闻名于世

win best regards from people from far and wide赢得世界各地人民的敬仰

3.stand for the traditions and conventions of the local people体现当地的传统和习俗

attract millions of travelers and bring revenue to our country.吸引着上千万的游客，为国家带来大量收入

4.protect it as an element of traditional culture传统文化要素

preserve it as a symbol of cultural heritage文化遗产象征

5.help people treat the world with benevolence, confidence, and tolerance. 教给人们用

宽容和自信看待世界

improve mutual understanding and remove the barrier between countries and peoples.增进国与国之间的了解、消除隔阂

enhance friendly ties and bring harmony, peace and integrity to the world.

增强国与国的友谊、给世界带来和谐与和平

serve as the catalyst to the economic growth and cultural development.

做经济发展的催化剂

十三、环保(什么行为是人们可以控制的、什么是人们不能控制的)

1.litter leftovers, bottles，plastic bags, lunch boxes, and cans; pollute water, make streets

smelly and air choking乱扔剩饭剩菜、瓶子、塑料袋、饭盒和罐头盒、污染水源、使街道变脏变臭

2.drive private cars to increase carbon emission.(take public transport to reduce carbon

emission)驾驶私人汽车，导致碳的增加

3.hunt wild animals (clear cut forests, over-exploit the natural resources) for economic

return, lead to the extinction of some rare species 猎杀野生动物（滥砍滥伐）获得经济回报, 导致一些珍奇物种的灭绝

4.People boost their industrial production by building factories, they are likely to

emit pollutants (such as monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfer builds up) into the atmosphere (air)and cause smog, acid rain, greenhouse effects.

建工厂，排放污染物进入大气、导致雨雾、酸雨和温室效应

5.drain industrial sewage into rivers and lakes, pollutes water, and cause the death of

fishes and other aquatic species.倾倒工业废水、污染水源、导致鱼类灭绝

6.be isolated from bright sunshine, clean water and fresh air.

远离明媚阳光、干净水源和新鲜空气

changes climate patterns, affect crop growth and disrupts wildlife distributions, and leads to the extinction of wild species.

改变天气模式、影响作物种植、破坏野生物的分布、导致物种灭绝

十四、发展：旅游业：

1.brings more tax(income/revenue)to a country给国家带来财富

provide many job opportunities带来工作机会

increase the income of citizens增加国民收入

bring a country into a connection with the international conventions和国际接轨

boost local economy带动地区经济发展

2.-Global tourism tends to export many negative effects of western culture. Since it is

only the wealthy who can afford to travel abroad, developing countries like Thailand and Indonesia have become the playgrounds of tourists from more affluent ones.全球化的旅游业消除了西方文化的很多负面影响。只有富人能够承担旅游带来的费用，像是泰国和印度尼西亚这类的发展中国家已经成为富国旅游者的乐园。

3.-In many such nations, this influx of mainly western tourists has brought with it

problems such as prostitution as well as alcoholism and drug abuse. 在很多国家，大量的西方游客涌入已经带来了很多问题，例如卖淫嫖娼和酒精及毒品泛滥。

4.-In order to be sustainable, greater regulation of global tourism is required.为了保持

可持续发展，全球旅游业必须受到管制。

十五、太空探索：

5.ensure national security, stabilize the society, enhance social welfare system, perfect

the public facilities保障国家安全

6.pool and dominate various resources, and upgrade industrial structure整合各种资源、

带来产业升级

7.symbolize the national strength象征国家实力

8.stand for the spirit of exploration代表探索精神

9.upgrade scientific growth and increase emotional wellbeing科技升级

10.It is an integral part in the strategy of a country.

这在国家战略中是个不可缺少的部分

11.It is a trend that no one can reverse. 这是个趋势，没人能扭转

12.run counter to the tradition, convention and common sense. 这是国家战略不可缺少

的部分、这是个趋势没人能够扭转、违反传统、习俗和常识。

In this issue, the citizens are supposed to enhance their awareness and take concrete actions. For example, it is advised that… By doing so, they can… and …

1)love their motherland and its culture; they pay respect to the

time-honored traditions and embrace distinctive cultural values; 热爱祖国、尊重传统、包容厚德

2)work unselfishly for the public, remained uncorrupted, care for people’s

suffering, serve people heart and soul, defend their basic rights, or provide them with legal protection; 克己奉公、廉政勤政、关心人民疾苦、全心全意为人民服务，维护基本权益，提供法律保护

3)they take rational attitude, give up their bad habit, form a good habit,

seek a healthy life style, keep self-control, and bring themselves back to a normal life; keep a balance between their academic studies and daily life 理性态度、消灭坏习惯、自控、在两者之间保持平衡

4)they work diligently and stand on their feet,don’t indulge in a cozy life,

build up unshakable self-confidence, think independently and strengthen their problem solving ability; 辛勤劳动、学会自立、不奢华、有自信、培养能力。

5)be of the one heart and one mind, take their joint efforts into a mighty

power, pay respect to other people’s ideas, embrace their values, boost

mutual understanding and seek win-win cooperation，appeal to cooperation and mutual support, benefit themselves at other people’s cost 同心同德、劲往一处使、尊重他人价值、增强相互了解、双赢合作，团结互助、不损人利己

6)they extend their helping hands and demonstrate their love, sincerity and

morality.帮助他人，有爱心

7)they hold great ambition and aspiration; increase their professional

knowledge; work diligently, guard against arrogance and impetuosity, start from small details, keep grace under pressure, confront various challenges and strive for a clear goal of their own.志存高远、提高知识、努力工作，戒骄戒躁、从基层做起、镇定自若、迎接挑战、追求目标

8)After all, it is their positive attitude that plays a leading role in this matter.

By doing so, they can effectively con trol/promote…态度最重要

●Only by doing so can they effectively control/promote…

●It is by doing so that they can effectively control/promote…

●To sum up, … really matters, whether you’re a …, a… or a ….

●No matter whomever you are, whether a college student, an office clerk,

or a civil servant, one thing is certain: …is central of all things.

●To sum up, we have to treat this issue with commitment and sincerity.

Otherwise, we will probably lose the incentive of the social progress, the fountainhead of sustainable development, and the source of harmonious life.

●Some readers might think that my point is rather traditional, no less

conservative. But it is at least realistic and rational.

●My point is realistic and rational, though some readers might think that it

is traditional or conservative.

运气与成功：

Take YaoMing for example, he is capable of grasping opportunities. In this way, he gradually accumulates his working experience and fits into a highly competitive NBA world. Finally, he can further his cause and become a successful basketball player.

引起give rise to, lead to, cause, touch off