必修一unit1 Discovering useful structures

选择疑问句 • 用whether…or…表达，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or… He asked, “Do you speak English or French?” He asked me whether I spoke English or French. I asked, “Will you take bus or take train?” I asked him whether he would take bus or take train.
10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?” how ______ she ______ had He asked his mother ______ found it. 11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked. He asked me _______ _______ _______been I had _______ days. where 12. those “Do you know where she lives?” he asked. He asked ______ ______ knew where she whether I ______. lived
7. “I bought the house 10 years ago,” he said. had bought the house 10 He said that he _______ years _______. before 8. “Did you see her last week?” he said. asked ______ if I had seen her the week He ______ _______. before 9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.” could sit there. told Jim that he ______ He ______
人称的变化一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新
口诀
一随主二随宾第三人称不变
说明
直接引语
间接引语
引号内的第一人称 She said,“ I like She said that she 变间引后与主句主 liked tennis. tennis.” 语的人称保持一致引号内的第二人称 He said to Lily, He told Lily that 变间引后与主句宾 “ You must get she must get up early. 语的人称保持一致 up early.” 引号内的第三人称在变间引后人称不变 She said to me , She told me that “ They want to they wanted help help him.” him.
4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.” The teacher said that the sun ______ rises in the east goes down in the west. and ______ 5. “I met her yesterday,” he said to me. He ______ told me that he ______ had met her the day before ______. 6. “You must come here before five,” he said. He said that I ______ had to go ______ there before five.
转换步骤:
“I don’t like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.
Sarah said to her friends that I don’t like computers. Sarah said she didn’t
Sarah said to her friends that she didn’t like computers.
Unit 1
Friendship
Discovering useful structures
Direct Speech and Indirect Speech (I)
statements and questions
直接引用别人的原话，两边用引号“”标出，叫做直接引语；用自己的语言转述别人的话，不需要引号这叫做间接引语。
asked
They asked him if t was easy to improve the condition of the soil.
特殊疑问句
• 原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask (sb. )来表达，语序改为陈述句语序 He said to me, “What's your name?” He asked me what my name was. He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?” He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country.
转换步骤:
“Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil?”
They asked him.
It is easy to improve the condition of the soil. They asked him
if
it is easy to improve the condition of the soil. is was
谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：
1. 直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变 The geography teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.” The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
2) He asked, “Are you a teacher?” → He asked me if /whether I was a doctor. 3) She asked, “What are you doing?” → She asked me what I was doing.
陈述句用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said, 也可用told 来代替。注意，可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that，但不可直接说told that 。 He said, “I have been to the Great Wall.” He said (to us) that he had been to the Great Wall. He said, “I'll give you an examination next Monday.” He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday.
在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化
1. 注意时态的变化 2. 注意人称变化 3. 注意指示代词的变化 4. 注意时间的变化 5. 注意地点的变化
6. 注意个别趋向动词的变化
直接引语时态
一般现在时
现在进行时现在完成时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时
间接引语时态
一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时不变过去将来时
should will
would may might can could must
should（不变） would
would（不变） might might（不变） could could（不变） must / had to
Practice (I)
1. “I never eat meat,” he said. he never ______ ate meat. He said that ______ 2. “I’ve found my wallet,” he said to me. told me that he ______ had ______ found ______ his He ______ wallet. 3. “I took it home with me,” she said. she ______ had taken it home She said that ______ _______ with her.
直接引语为陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和祈使句时，转换为间接引语时, 在句子的结构、人称、时态、时间状语和地点状语等方面都有变化。
1. 转述他人的陈述→陈述句
2. 转述他人的疑问→一般疑问句 3. 转述他人的问题→特殊疑问句 1) He said , “I’m going to Beijing.” → He said that he was going to Beijing.
that week the day before
the week before four days before two days before
the next day the next month
there go, take
地点状语
方向性动词
直接引语中的助动词间接引语中的助动词 shall should
一般疑问句
•间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked (me/him/us等)，语序是陈述句的语序。 He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. He said, “You are interested in English, aren't you?” He asked whether I was interested in English.

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人教新教材英语必修1Unit1 学案：Discovering Useful Structures——

Discovering Useful Structures——短语(1)①Going fromjunior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.②The first week was a little confusing.③First, I had to think very carefully about which courses I want to take.④My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it.⑤The main purpose of the course is to help improve each student’s reading ability.⑥Finding time for both studies and extra－curricular activities is a big challenge, so I need to make a workable schedule.〖自主发现〗1．①句中名词短语a really big challenge在句中作表语；2．②句中形容词短语a little confusing在句中作表语；3．③句中副词短语very carefully在句中作状语；4．④句中名词短语advanced literature在句中作宾语；5．⑤句中名词短语The main purpose of the course在句中作主语。

6．⑥句中名词短语a workable schedule在句中作宾语。

一、名词短语(Noun Phrase或NP)英语中，短语有很多种类型，其中名词短语最为重要，它是英语造句中不可或缺的元素。

新人教版高中英语必修1精品课件1：Discovering Useful Structures (Grammar)

其他表示将来时的形式： 1．be going to结构也可表示将来，表示即将发生的事或不久将要发生的事，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。 I am going to sell this old car，and buy a new one.我打算卖了这辆旧车，买一辆新的。注意：There be句型的be going to结构为There is/are going to be...(注意be不能改为have)，常用来表示将有某事发生。下个星期六在我校将有一场足球比赛。 [正]There is going to be a football match next Saturday in our school. [误]There is going to have a football match next Saturday in our school.
自我归纳通过比较，我们可以得出：现在进行时可表(1)__将__来____，常含有“意图”“安排”或“打算”的含义，并且可与表将来的时间状语连用。在一定的上下文语境中，(2)_时__间__状__语_也可以不用。
语法精析
现在进行时的具体用法如下： 1．常表最近或较近的将来，所用动词多是位移动词。但偶尔也表示较远的将来。 I'm meeting you after class.课后我来找你。 What are you doing next Sunday？下星期天你打算干什么？ When I grow up，I am joining the army.我长大了要参军。
2．表将来的现在进行时有时含有“决心”的意思。 I'm not waiting any longer.我不再等待了。 I'm backing out.我要打退堂鼓了。 Don't forget：you are taking part too.不要忘记：你也要参加。 3．现在进行时也可在时间、条件或原因状语从句中表示将来。 When you are passing my way，please drop in.你什么时候路过我们家，请进来坐坐。(时间状语从句) If they are not doing it，what am I to do？如果他们不干，那我该怎么办？(条件状语从句)

Discovering Useful Structures PPT课件(人教英语高一必修1册)

高中英语
5. What did your adviser say about the advanced literature course? My adviser said that the advanced literature course was too difficult but very interesting.
高中英语
4. Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly, AdvP 状语
and she can do well in the debate. NP 宾语
高中英语
5. The new coach told me that I didn’t play well enough.
As to extra-curricular activities, he didn’t play football well enough, but he won’t quit and he will ﬁnd a way to improve so that he can make the team.
高中英语
1. The students will do group discussions, timed writing, and research in the advanced literature course.
高中英语
1. The students will do group discussions, timed writing, and research in the advanced literature course. group discussions, NP, 作宾语 the advanced literature course, NP,作宾语

人教必修一Unit1 Discovering Useful Structures 语法精讲

And the birds ... they fly, Far away in the wind.
June is the month That carries a tune. Its beautiful melody Floats like a balloon.
Ⅱ NP + AdjP + AdvP
Compare and Find
➢ He speaks very quickly. 修饰__动__词______作_状__语_________ ➢ I am much too happy to see you. 修饰__形__容__词______作__状__语________ ➢ She sings well enough as a singer. 修饰__动__词________作__状__语________ ➢ He worked much more carefully on the new design. 修饰__副__词____作 ___状__语___
短语或词组是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。二、形容词短语 (AdjP)
Compare and Find
➢ The man is tall and strong. 作__表__语___ ➢ She is a little girl lively and lovely. 作___定__语_______ ➢ He found the movie very interesting. 作宾__语__补__足__语____
NP + AdjP + AdvP
Summary
1. 副词短语在句中作副词用，可以修饰_动__词__、__形__容__词__或__副__词_, 作_状__语___等。

Unit 1 Discovering Useful Structures人教版高中英语必修第一册

Adverb Phrase (AdvP)
• Definition: An adverb phrase is word group with an adverb as its head word. An adverb phrase, like an adverb, modifies a verb, an adjective, or an adverb by providing additional details about it.
the poor, the homeless, the young, the old, the disabled…
Review: Adverb
Adverbs can be used as adverbial, predicative and attributive.
He studies very hard. (adverbial) When will you be back? (predicative) Life here is full of joy. (attributive)
noun phrase adjective phrase
adverb phrase
Noun phrase (NP)
• Definition: A noun phrase is word group with a noun as its head word, which is modified by other words, such as articles (a, an, the), nouns, adjectives, participles, and possessive pronouns.
点击进入各单元
主语谓语动词宾语表语状语直接宾语间接宾语宾语补足语

新人教高中英语必修一U1TeenageLIfeDiscoveringUsefulStructures

very interesting
Noun Phrase（NP） word group with a noun as its head word
Adjective Phrase（AdjP） word group with an adjective as its head word
very much
Adverb Phrase（AdvP） word group with an adverb as its head word
Discovering Useful Structures
We always use phrases to make sentences more interesting and complex.
What is a phrase?
a small group of words that forms a unit, either on its own or within a sentee （AdjP）
Feature (ad.)+adj.+ (prep.P)
Function
Used as an adj. , modifying a noun or a pronoun, or serving as P or oc.
AdjP
adv.
adj.
AdjP
A Guessing Game What will I draw?
The picture is confusing.
A round face
A girl or a boy?
Who is she?
Little Red Riding Hood
A girl with a round face
A girl with a round face who is wearing

Unit1 Discovering useful structures 课件-高中英语必修第一册

teacher? 大部分学生觉得我们的新英语老师怎么样？ ⊙How did you find my new cellphone? 你觉得我的这部新手机怎么样？ ⊙How does the girl like the new dress? 这个女孩觉得这件新衣服怎么样？
【归纳拓展】
【即学即用】
语法填空
例子 • some school clubs • a beautiful campus of my school
限定词包括以下：冠词___a_/_a_n_/_th_e________________________ 指示代词__th_i_s_/t_h_a_t_/_th_e_s_e_/_t_h_o_s_e__________ 物主代词__m_y_/_y_o_u_r_/_h_is_/_h_e_r_/_o_u_r/_t_h_e_i_r _____ 不定代词__so_m__e_/_e_v_e_ry_/_n_o_/_b_o_t_h_/_n_e_i_th_e_r_(_两__者都不) 数词_o_n__e/_t_w__o_/f_i_rs_t_/s_e_c_o_n_d_______________
副词短语(Adverb Phrases) 组成
（副词）+副词
adv.+and/but/or +adv. adv.+adv. very/quite/a lot/a little +adv. adv.+enough adv.+介词
功能在句中当作副词用，可以修饰动词、形容词或副词。
例子 • very quickly
• 副词短语（Adverb Phrases）：指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词。a little carefully

Unit1CulturalHeritageDiscoveringUsefulStructures课件

5.当先行词既指人又指物时 6.当先行词前面有who,which等疑问词时
7.当关系代词在定语从句中充当表语时
只能用which的情况 1.前面有介词
2.引导非限制性定语从句
只能用who的情况 1.当先行词是one, ones, anyone, those等代词时
2.在there be句型中
• 小粉P13 （活学活用3） • （1）that • （2）which • （3）that • （4）which
n.共和国
2. The project team helped protect the national parks in the United Republic of Tanzania. It was formed by members from fifteen countries.
The project team whose members were from fifteen countries helped protect the national parks in the United Republic of Tanzania.
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
小粉P12
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
形式与主句之间不用逗号隔开与主句之间常用逗号隔开
功能对先行词进行限定和修饰，对先行词加以附加说明，为
如果省略，所修饰的先行先行词补充信息，即使去掉
词往往不明确
也不会影响先行词的明确性
先行词名词或名词性词组
翻译
常译成前置定语
• Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO,which runs a programme that prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing.非限制性定语从句

Unit1CulturalHeritageDiscoveringUsefulStructures课件

The cultural heritage is something _t_h_a_t__ has existed for a long time, and it tells people about the past.
Peking
Opera
The
Kite
intangible cultural heritage
popular traditional folk arts
（中国最受欢迎的传统民俗艺术之一） has a long history of more than
2000 years. People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings __t_h_a_t__w_a_s__w_id__e_sp_r_e_a_d__p_a_r_t_i_c_ul_a_r_ly__d_u_r_i_n_g_t_h_e__M__in_g_（特别在
2. The project team helped protect the national parks in the United Republic of Tanzania. It was formed by members from fifteen countries.→ The project team w__h_o_se__m_e_m__b_e_r_s_w_e_r_e_f_ro_m_ _fi_ft_e_e_n_c_o_u_n_t_ri_e_s_h_e_l_p_e_d_p_r_o_te_c_t_t_h_e_n_a_t_io_n_a_l _p_a_r_ks__in__th_e__U_n_it_e_d_R__e_p_u_b_lic__o_f_T_a_n_z_a_n_ia_.__
solve

Discovering useful structures -高中英语人教版(2019)必修第一册

improve a draft mark the phrases state their function head words a little confusing a round paper plate do well in play the violin the advanced literature course add more information try out for show sb. how to move practise singing a song lift their partners
识对于快速、准确地理解句子意义及划分句子结构大有裨益。
Phrases
Noun Phrases NP
Adjective Phrases
AdjP
Adverb Phrases
AdvP
Verb Phrases VP
Prepositional Phrases
PrepP
6
语法归纳
短语或词组(phrases)有以下三种形式： 1．名词短语(Noun Phrase)：指以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词。 2．形容词短语(Adjective Phrase)：指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词。 3．副词短语(Adverb Phrase)：指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词。
限定词(冠词)+形容词
冠词 (a/an/the) 指示代词
The fallen leaves are like a thick blanket on the ground.
(this/that/these/those) 物主代词
限定词(冠词)+形容词限定词(冠词)

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