英文摘要写作指南英文摘要中的常用句型及词汇
杂志的摘要英文字母
杂志的摘要英文字母
关于摘要各部分的写作及技巧：
（1）第一句话：讲述你这样研究目的，或本文主要解决的问题。
例：To investigate/study/determine…或者for the purpose of…
（2）第二句话：讲述你研究的过程，研究的方法。
开头交待了要解决的问题之后，接着要回答的就是如何解决问题。
例：…was carried out…with…treatment. 说明研究或试验方法，常用词汇有measure, estimate, calculate 等；介绍应用、用途，常用词汇有use, apply, application等。
（3）第三句话：讲述你研究得出的主要研究结果。
例：The results showed that…
（4）第四句话：讲述由你的研究结果得出的结论。
例：The result of the present work implied that…
（5）使用简短的句子，用词应为潜在的读者所熟悉；注意表述的逻辑性，尽量使用指示性的词语来表达论文的不同部分（层次）。
如使用“研究表明…”（We found that…）表示结果；使用“通过对…的分析，认为…”（Based on…, we suggest that…）表示讨论结果的含义等。
（6）确保摘要的独立性：尽量避免引用文献、图表和缩写，别人不看你的文章，只看你的abstract就能了解你的研究工作。
（7）为了方便检索系统检索，尽量避免使用化学结构式、数学表达式、角标和希腊文等特殊符号。
论文英文摘要常用句型
学论文英文摘要常用句型英文摘要一般须以第三人称、过去式叙述。
用词准确，逻辑性强，结构严谨。
结果和结论一般用句子表达；而目的、方法（设计、地点和对象）等，则常用短语表达。
（1）英文摘要的时态与语态1)说明研究目的，通常用一般现在时或一般过去时。
2)说明方法和结果，一般用一般过去时、第三人称的被动语态表达。
3）结论通常用一般现在时、被动语态表达，也可用主动语态表达。
（2）常用句型1)表达论文内容的常用句型A 第三人称主动态①This paper(article，report)describes…本文叙述…②This paper (article)reports…本文报告…③This report(paper，article)presents…本文介绍…④This paper(article，report)discusses…本文讨论…常用的动词还有analyze(分析)，evaluate(评价)，compare(比较)，describe（描述）等。
B 第一人称主动态⑤We report(on)…我们报告…⑥We describe a case of…我们描述1例…⑦In this paper，we present…本文介绍…⑧In this paper，we report…本文报告…主语除we之外，还可用the authors(作者)等。
C 一般现在时被动语态⑨A case is reported in which…本文报告1例…⑩A study of…is reported本文报告…的研究⑧…is(are)described．本文描述…⑥In this paper．…is(are)presented．本文介绍…2)表达目的常用句型A 一般过去时、被动语态①The purpose（aim，objective）of this study was to…本研究旨在…②The goal（aim）of this investigation was to…本研究旨在…③This study was designed to…本研究旨在…④This study was undertaken to…本研究旨在…⑤This prospective study was performed to…本前瞻性研究的目的是…⑥A study to…was carried out(during) (在…期间)所作研究的目的是…⑦An attempt has been made to…为了…而作试验B 动词不定式短语To evaluate，report，investigate，study，analyze…C 一般过去时、主动语态⑧We（the authors）conducted a study to…为了…我们进行了研究⑨To determine…，we studied…为了确定…，我们研究了…⑩In an attempt to…，in an effort to…或in order to…，we carried out a pilot study…为了…，我们进行了…的初步研究表示目的的常用动词有：evaluate(评价)，examine(检查，观察)，determine(确定，查明)，elucidate(阐明)，explore(探索)，test(测试)，compare(比较)，estimate(评估)，assess(估价)，investigate(调查)等。
英文摘要常见句型
英文摘要常见句型1）This paper deals with...2）This article focuses on the topics of (that, having, etc)...3）This eassy presents knowledge that...4）This thesis discusses...5）This thesis analyzes...6）This paper provides an overview of...7)This paper elaborates on ...8）This article gives an overview of...9）This article compares...and summarizes key findings.10）This paper includes discussions concerning...11)This paper presents up to date information on...12)This article covers the role of chemicals in...13)This paper addresses important topics including...14)This paper touches upon...15)This paper strongly emphasizes...16)This eassy represents the preceedings of ...17)This article not only describes...but also suggests...18)This paper considers...19)This paper provides a method of ...20)This paper introduces an applicable procedure to analyze...摘要题型写作要点：① 动笔之前，考生一定要认真仔细地阅读所给原文，弄懂原文大意，掌握原文要点。
摘要常用句型及其翻译
摘要常用句型及其翻译四、摘要常用句型（Sentence Patterns Used in English Abstracts）论文摘要作为一种比较严肃的文本，在内容的安排上有一定的规律，结构有比较固定的格式。
例如温哥华格式（Vancouver Format）是撰写医学英语论文摘要的基本格式，撰写其他研究领域的英语论文摘要时也可以参照。
█Basic Sentence PatternsPart I To state the purpose of the experimentsIt is the purpose of this article to …The primary purpose of this review/investigation is to …The objectives of this study were to …This report is intended to …In this study, an attempt w as made to …In order to exploreevaluatecompareinvestigate…, we/the authorsanalyzedstudiedperformedsurveyedin/among…Part ⅡTo state the background of the experimentsWe/The authors have confirmed the previous observation that …It has been reported that …Previous studies have shown that …… has/have been associated with …A few comparisons have been made between… and …Part ⅢTo state the methods of the experiments… was/were isolated…analyzedmeasuredby using…… was/were investigateddiagnosedperformedby the method of/the use of/measurement of… /with the… test/by… techniquesUsing…, we demonstrated…Using…, we found that…A recent Study by X showsindicatesdemonstratesprovesprovides information concerning…that…Part ⅣTo state the re sults of the experimentsIt was found that …… failed to show…… was/were significantly associated with/related to/correlated with…… was/were in inverse proportion to…directly proportional to…There was no strong/inverse relationship between… and…associationcorrelationThe results showed/revealed/indicated/presented that…The detailsresultsof… are presented.Part V To state the discussion and conclusion We suggest/believe/conclude/recommend that…We propose… to do …Our/These/The resultsfindingsobservationsdataresearchinvestigationsindicate that…demonstrate that…prove that…support that…provide information concerning…It is suggested/recommended/advised…On the basis of… we conclude that…From these results, it is concluded that…Recent research indicates that…六、摘要英译（Abstract Translation）在翻译英文摘要时，有以下几个问题应加以注意。
学术论文写作格式要求英文摘要常用句型
学术论文写作格式要求英文摘要常用句型1. Introduction （引言）- This paper aims to...- The purpose of this study is to...- The objective of this research is to...- This paper addresses the issue/problem of...2. Background （背景）- In recent years, there has been increasing interest in...- With the growing importance of...- Despite the extensive research on...- The existing literature has largely focused on...3. Methods （方法）- This study utilized a quantitative/qualitative research design.- Data was collected through surveys/interviews/observations.- The sample consisted of...- Statistical analysis was conducted using...4. Results （结果）- The findings of this study indicate that...- The results suggest that...- The analysis revealed that...- There is a significant correlation between...5. Discussion （讨论）- These results provide insights into...- The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of...- The present study contributes to the understanding of...- These findings are consistent with previous research in the field of...6. Conclusion （结论）- In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of...- Based on the findings, it can be concluded that...- This study provides valuable information for...- Further research is needed to explore...7. Limitations （限制）- Although this study has provided significant insights, it is not without limitations.- One limitation of this study is the small sample size.- Another limitation is the reliance on self-reported data.- Future research should address these limitations by...8. Implications （意义）- The findings of this study have practical implications for...- These results have important implications for policymakers/practitioners.- The implications of this study extend beyond the specific context of...- This research contributes to the theoretical understanding of...9. Future Directions （未来方向）- Future research should explore...- Further investigation is needed to determine...- Future studies could examine...- This research sets the stage for future research on...。
摘要的常用表达方法
摘要的常用表达方法由于摘要的英文表达要求用词简明、层次清楚, 因此掌握一些特定的规范表达, 甚至建立一个适合自己需要的“句型库”(stock phrases), 对于摘要的撰写是很有帮助的。
3.1 引言部分3.1.1 回顾研究背景常用词汇有：review, summarize, present, outline, describe等。
如：We review evidence for this view of addiction and discuss its implications for understanding the psychology and neurobiology of addiction.This paper outlines some of the basic methods and strategies and discusses some related theoretical and practical issues.3.1.2 阐明写作或研究目常用词汇有：purpose, attempt, aim等。
另外还可以用动词不定式充当目的状语来表达。
如：We attempt to recover a function of unknown smoothness from noisy sampled data.To investigate the mechanism of Bcl-2's effect, we examined whether Bcl-2 interacted with other proteins.3.1.3 介绍论文的重点内容或研究范围常用的词汇有：study, present, include, focus, emphasize, emphasis, attention等。
Here we study the dependence of apoptosis on p53 expression in cells from the thymus cortex.This article includes a brief review of the physics underlying HERWIG, followed by a description of the program itself.3.2 方法部分3.2.1 介绍研究或试验过程常用词汇有：test, study, investigate, examine, experiment, discuss, consider, analyze, analysis等。
摘要--常见句型
常见的摘要句型有： 1）This paper deals with…… 2）This article focuses on the topics of （that，having，etc）…… 3）This eassy presents knowledge that…… 4）This thesis discusses…… 5）This thesis analyzes…… 6）This paper provides an overview of…… 7）This paper elaborates on …… 8）This article gives an overview of…… 9）This article compares……and summarizes key findings. 10）This paper includes discussions concerning…… 11）This paper presents up to date information on…… 12）This article covers the role of chemicals in…… 13）This paper addresses important topics including…… 14）This paper touches upon…… 15）This paper strongly emphasizes…… 16）This eassy represents the preceedings of …… 17）This article not only describes……but also suggests…… 18）This paper considers…… 19）This paper provides a method of …… 20）This paper introduces an applicable procedure to analyze…… 21）This paper offers the latest information regarding…… 22）This paper is devoted to examining the role of…… 23）This article explores…… 24）This paper expresses views on…… 25）This paper reflects the state of the art in…… 26）This paper explains the procedures for…… 27）This paper develops the theory of …… 28）This article reviews the techniques used in…… 29）This paper investigates the techniques and procedures to…… 30）This article is about…… 31）This eassy is related to …… 32）This paper concerns…… 33）This paper gives an account of …… 34）This article tells of…… 35）This paper tries to describe…… 36）This paper provides an analysis of …… 37）This paper reports the latest information on …… 38）The author of this article reviews…… 39）The writer of this paper discusses…… 40）The writer of this eassy tries to explore…… 41）The aim of this paper is to determine…… 42）The purpose of this article is to review…… 43）The objective of this paper is to explore…… 破题⽤语，⼀般有： ①The author of this article reviews （or： discusses，describes，summarizes，examines）something…… ②This article reviews （or：reports，tells of，is about，concerns）something……。
0303-英语论文“摘要”的开头短语和句型
英语论文“摘要”的开头短语和句型1) This paper (article/thesis) presents (shows/expresses) …本文提出。
2) This paper (article) discusses (studies, concerns, deals with, tells of ) … 本文讨论（研究）。
3) This paper (article) introduces (reports, explains, analyses, emphasizes, summarizes) … 本文介绍（报告、解释、分析、强调、总结）。
4）This paper (article) argues (demonstrates) …本文论述（论证）。
5）This paper(article) explores (probes into) …本文探讨。
6）This paper(article) elaborates on (expounds) …本文详述（阐明）。
7）This paper includes(covers, touches on) …本文包括（涉及）。
8）This paper aims to (aims at) …本文旨在。
9）This paper focuses on…本文集中研究。
10）This paper tries(attempts) to (makes an attempt to ) …本文试图。
11）This paper makes a comparison of (makes a tentative study, makes a brief introduction to) …本文对。
作了比较（作了尝试性研究，作了简介）12）This paper offers(gives) a discussion of (an overview of , an analysis of) …本文探讨（综述、分析）。
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英文摘要写作指南——英文摘要中的常用句型及词汇
1 介绍文章作者观点和研讨课题内容
1.1 文章内容与作者观点
present, describe, report, introduce, explain, illustrate, deal with
1.2 文章研究课题
study, consider, discuss, investigate, analyze, state, develop
1.3 文章涉及范围
contain, cover, include
1.4 综述与概括
review, summary, outline, abstract
1.5 文章重点
concentrate, place, give, be, pay,
attention is concentrated on, there is a focus on, attention is paid to, the emphasis is on
1.6 文章目的
动词: seem to do sth, be aimed at; 名词: purpose for/of, aim of, objective of
2 介绍文章成果
2.1 成果的获取和开发
provide for, develop, establish, give, be designed to do sth, solve, record, furnish, realize, achieve, produce, construct, improve, be deduced from, be derived from, be obtained for
2.2 观察和证明
show, observe, monitor, find, note, demonstrate, indicate, exhibit, point out
2.3 运算和计量
calculate, estimate, measure, determine
2.4 应用与用途
be used to, be applied to
2.5 评估与比较
evaluate, assess, compare, agree with
2.6 试验与实验
test, experiment on, be carried out, be designed to do sth
2.7 论证与依据
be based on, based on, be taken as reference
2.8 推荐与建议
be proposed for, suggest, suggestions be made for, recommend, recommendations are made
2.9 结论
It was concluded that, be arrived at
3 介绍进一步研究的必要性、方向和关键问题
need for, necessity to do sth, require, necessary, describe, expect, important。