英语四级选词填空练习
1选词填空阅读练习
What is it about Americans and food We love to eat, but we feel 1 about it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food. We're 2 with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity(肥胖).
Perhaps the 3 to this ambivalence(矛盾情结) lies in our history. The first Europeans came to this continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop(经济作物) wasn't eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, intended to prohibit drinking but actually encouraging more 4 ways of doing it.
The immigrant experience, too, has been one of inharmony. Do as Romans do means eating what “real Americans” eat, but our nation's food has come to be 5 by imports—pizza, say, or hot dogs. And some of the country's most treasured cooking comes from people who arrived here in shackles.
Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation's defining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sitins at southern lunch counters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even morality whether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat for political 6
But strong opinions have not brought 7 . Americans are ambivalent about what
they put in their mouths. We have become 8 of our foods, especially as we learn more about what they contain.
The 9 in food is still prosperous in the American consciousness. It's no coincidence, then, that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in such bondage(束缚). It's what we eat—and how we 10 it with friends, family, and strangers—that help define America as a community today.
A. answer I. creative
B. result J. belief
C. share K. suspicious
D. guilty L. certainty
E. constant M. obsessed
F. defined N. identify
G. vanish O. ideals
H. adapted
【答案及详解】
1. D feel是一个系动词，可以判断此处应填入一个形容词，通过上下文意思，以及后面介词about, 可以确定选项为D项guilty, 短语feel guilty about sth. “对……感到有愧”。全句的意思为“我们很爱吃，但是往往在吃完之后又有负罪感”。
be obsessed with 为固定搭配，原意为“被……附上/缠住/迷住心窍”，放在本句表示“十分重视”。全句的意思为“我们很关心健康和减肥，但肥胖却又空前地在蔓延”。
3. A 本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词to的搭配，可以推断出正确选项answer.
4. I本句根据more和ways可以判断出需要填入一个形容词构成比较级，根据上下文，表示“旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，却激发了更多新奇的方法来酗酒”，可以确定I为正确选项。
上文表示“应再根据上下文，确定应填入一个过去分词。by 和be 根据本题较难。F 5.
转折，表示实际上“美国的食物已经被诸如该吃典型的美国人吃的食物”，下文通过 but
F为正确选项。比萨和热狗这样的舶来品所诠释了”，因此可以确定religious reasons来推断此处填政治结果。政治结果，可根据宗教原因的短语，这样本句所缺的为一由于横线后面没有宾语，可以确定不是形成bring 7. L“美国人对他们所吃的食物的态度是矛盾的”，可的宾语。根据下文解释，名词，做bring L为正确选项。以推出本句意义为“坚定的观点也不是确定不变
的”。因此可以确定be/become of形成短语系动词become后应填入一个形容词，和后面介词8. K
suspicious of “对……感到怀疑”。，可以推断出正确选项belief并且根据和介词in的搭配，9. J本句缺一个名词作主语，(have)belief in sth.“相信……”。sth. share, share with 搭配，确定选项为10. C本句是一般现在时，缺一个动词，且和with sb., “与某人分享某事”。选词填空阅读练习2
After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake
scientists had good news to report: The damage and death toll(死亡人数) could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, and earthquake of similar __1__ that shook America in 1998 claimed 25,000 victims.
Injuries and deaths were __2__ less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred
at 4:31 . On a holiday, when traffic was light on the city's highway. In addition, __3__ made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city's buildings and highways, making them more __4__ to quakes.
In the past, making structures quake-resist-ant meant firm yet __5__ materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to __6__ the impact of ground vibrations. The most __7__ designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports, called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake's vibrations. When ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would __8__ the building to shift in the opposite direction. The new designs should offer even greater __9__ to cities where earthquakes ofen take place.
The new smart structures could be very __10__ to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.
[A]changes
[B]flexible
[C]decrease
[D]recent
[E]push
[F]reduce
[G]relatively
[H]safety
[I]resistant
[J]expensive
[K]force
[L]accordingly
[M]intensity [N]security
[O]opposed
：Answers，说明该名1. 选M)。此处应填名词，作介词of的宾语，作为后置定语修饰earthquake ，只changes，safety，intensity和security词是“地震”的自然属性。选项中的名词有有intensity可以表示地震的强度，故选M)。ly“相对的”此处应填副词，用来修饰形容词less
选项中的副词有relative。 2.选G)。年的那次地震程度一样，但造成的accordingly“相应
的”，第一段说这次地震和1998和这次的地震造成的“死损失却小很多，再从后句中“高速路上的车辆不是很多”可以推断：G)relatively。伤人数”与1998年比少很多，即少是相对的，故选have 。空格中要填的词是本句话中的主语，应为名词。这句话的主干是3.选A)
的解析可知：3buildings and highways,从第三段的内容和注释strengthened the city's
建筑结构发生了变化，故应选择A)changes。构成形容词的比较级，描述新型建筑与地I)。此处应填形容词，和其前面的more 4.选震有关的性能。them = the city's buildings and highways, have strengthened 被加符合这个意思，说明他们更有抵御风险的能力了。选项中的四个形容词只有resistant固I)。故选breaking ...bent without 5.选B)。此处应填形容词，修饰名词materials。从后面的表示“柔flexible即使弯曲也不会折断，说明是有韧性的
材料。选项中的四个形容词只有正确。韧的，可变形的”，故B)building 。此处应填名词。根据上下文insert rubber and steel between the 选 6.F)the impact of and its foundation “在建筑物和地基之间填充橡胶和钢材”是为了减少都可以表示“减和reduce。选项中decreaseground 楶牢瑡潩獮地面震动对建筑物的影响后者强调在大小、程度或强度方面下降或减少。故少”的意思，前者指稳定的逐步地减少，更符合题意。F)reduce相对应the past, Laer。根据注释 7.选D)3，可以推知，这里要填的词是和前面的In
desighs“最近的设计”，most recent 的，选项中的形容词中只有recent可表示时间，the D)为正确答案。在原文中可以对应“过去，后来”，故。前面提到了智能建筑，这里说明当地震使这样的建筑向前倒的时候，电脑会K) 8.选强调的是外加的力量，怎样它，使它相反方向移动。在动词push和force之间悬着。push而这里的拖力者是与智能建筑一体的计算机系统，故这里force符合文意。的宾语。本句前面一直在描述新型建筑采取的。此后应填名词，做动词选N)offer 9.选项抗震措施，本句是这些措施的结果。抗震型建筑为城市提供的应该是更多的安全保障，，前者是处于安全状态，不受伤害，没有危险，securitysafety中表示“安全”的词有和更符多用于人身，货物。后者常指国家社会的免遭战争，灾难而安然无恙，故N)security合文意。后的一句说明智能建筑的优点而得知，J)。此处应填形容词。从后面的However选 10.前所说的是智能建筑的缺点。既然智能建筑很聪明，又是新事物，那么建造起来肯However定
会耗费很多资金的，所以选J)expensive。导读：
After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake
scientists had good news to report: The damage and death toll(死亡人数) could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake.(The damage and death toll could have been much worse.此句为虚拟语气，“地震所造成的伤亡和损失本来应该更大。”说明实际上这次地震的损失并不大。)By comparison, an earthquake of similar
M)intensity that shook America in 1998 claimed 25,000 victims.(这句的主干是an earthquake...claimed...
25,000 victims。)
Injuries and deaths were G)relatively less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 . On a holiday, when traffic was light on the city's highway. In addition, A)changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last
20 years have strengthened the city's buildings and highways, making them more
I)resistant to quakes.
In the past, making structures quake-resist-ant meant firm yet B)flexible materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to F)reduce the impact of ground vibrations. The most D)recent designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports, called
smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake's vibrations. When ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would K)force the building to shift in the opposite direction. The new designs should offer even greater N)security to cities where earthquakes ofen take place.(In the past...,Later...,The most...designs,这里是一个世间顺序上的描述，说明了从以前到现在，建筑物的结构一直在不断变化。)
The new smart structures could be very J)expensive to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.
全文翻译：
1994年洛杉矶发生强烈大地震后，地震学家报告了一个好消息：地震所造成的伤亡和损害并
不大。此次地震有60多人丧生。相较而言，美国1998年发生的相似强度的地震造成的伤亡多达25，000人。
洛杉矶地震伤亡人数相对较少，是因为地震发生在凌晨4：31，而当天是个假日。当时城市公路上的车辆稀少。此外，在过去的20年中洛杉矶市对建筑法规所做的修订使城市的建筑和道路系统更加坚固，增强了抗震能力。
在过去，防震建材指的是坚固并且有弹性的材料，如钢材和木材，它们即使弯曲也不会折断。后来，人们尝试着将建筑物从地基上提起来，然后在建筑物和地基之间填充橡胶和钢材，从而减少地面震动对建筑物的影响。最新的建筑设计不仅为建筑提供水泥和钢筋支撑，而且还赋予它智能，从而成为智能建筑，让建筑物能像生命有机体那样对地震做出反应。当地面震动而导致建筑物顶部向前倾斜时，计算机将会迫使建筑物向相反方向移动。这种新的建筑设计能够使处于地震多发区的城市更为安全。
这种新型的智能型建筑造价高昂。然而，它可以挽救许多人的生命，而且在地震中不大可能受到损害。
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