高中英语素养阅读限时练习(高二上16)附答案解析
高中英语素养阅读限时练习（高二上16）（附答案详细解析）
（建议用时：40分钟）
I 阅读理解
these rules are broken, but lack the confidence or social skills to express their anger in a straightforward manner. In other countries, this is not a problem: in America, where a queue-jumper has committed a kind of rudeness rather than a crime, the response is loud warning: the offender is simply told ‘Hey, you, get back in line!’ or words that affect. In the European continent, the reaction tends to be loud and argumentative; in some other parts of the world, queue-jumpers may simply be pushed back into line. Ironically(嘲讽地), it is only England, where queue-jumping is regarded as deeply immoral(不道德的), that the queue-jumper is likely to get away with the offence. Only rarely do they actually speak up and tell the jumper to go to the back of the queue.
Queuing is almost a national pastime(消遣) for the English, who automatically arrange themselves into orderly lines at bus stops, shop counters, ice-cream vans, entrances, exits, and lifts. In 1946, a Hungarian humorist described queuing as Eng lish ‘national passion.’ ‘On the continent,’ he said, ‘if people are waiting at a bus stop they walk around in a seemingly relaxed fashion. When the bus arrives they make a dash for it… An Englishman, even if he is alone, forms an orderly queue of one.’ In an update over thirty years later in 1977 he confirmed that this was still the case. After nearly another thirty years nothing much seems to have changed.
In many cases, queue-jumping is effectively prevented by non-verbal(非语言的) signals alone. When someone is considering jumping a queue, the queuers will start glancing at him sideways, through narrowed, suspicious eyes. Then they move a bit closer to the person in front of them, just in case the jumper might try to insert himself in the gap. Frowns, glares, and raised eyebrows --- accompanied by heavy sighs, pointed coughs --- are usually the worst that the person will suffer if he jumps a queue. Facing with all this, the jumper will think better of it and withdraw to the back of the queue.
1. According to the first paragraph, in England queue jumping is ___________.
A. common practice in many public places
B. a serious social problem in modern times
C. warned and prevented by shouting and pushing
D. tolerated though it’s considered highly offensiv e
2. In America and other European countries, queue jumpers ___________.
A. are severely punished and fined
B. are warned in a direct manner
C. are pushed back to the end of lines
D. are the cause of public arguments
3. According to the author, queue jumping can usually be stopped __________
A. by shouting and loud warning
B. with a confident and aggressive attitude
C. by using body language that shows annoyance
D. with signs of public rules
4. What is the best title of this passage?
A. Bad manners around the world: queue jumping
B. A culture of European countries: queuing
C. A rule to bear in mind: queuing
D. An English aspect of life: queuing
II 完形填空(注意C项已经更改：5. A. marked B. mixing C. hiding D. noting；
14. A. clearly B. critically C. randomly D. maturely)
One day, while Woody and his wife Marjorie were away, a fire started in their house. Their daughter Cathy Ann was severely 1______. She died the next day. Woody 2______ because of her death. He remembered how his sister had died in the same 3______. He was never the same after Cathy Ann died. He had trouble earning money. He 4______ alcohol. Woody and Marjorie had several more children after Cathy Ann’s death. But their marriage ended.
Woody Guthrie began 5______ something strange about himself. He found that the words he wrote often did not 6______ sense. And he had sudden attacks of 7______ shaking. In 1952, doctors confirmed his worst 8______. He had Huntington’s Chorea, the same disease of the brain and 9______ system that had killed his mother. Woody Guthrie was forty years old.
There was no treatment for the disease. His condition 10______worse. In 1954, Woody Guthrie traveled one more time across America. He 11______ to see the places where he had lived and t he workers’ camps where he had sung. Old friends had trouble 12______ him. Instead of a young man full of 13______, they saw an old man who could not speak 14______ or control his 15______.
Finally, he entered a hospital because he could 16______ care for himself. But while he seemed to be forgotten, his music was not. By the late 1950s, 17______ music became popular again in the United States. More Americans began listening and playing the songs of 18______.
Young folk singers, like Bob Dylan, came to New York to visit Woody in the hospital. Dylan and others copied the 19______Woody sang and played the guitar. And like Woody, they wrote protest songs that called for social and political 20______.
1. A. disappointed B. choked C. buried D. burned
2. A. broke down B. broke out C. broke in D. broke up
3. A. house B. accident C. way D. fire
4. A. stopped drinking B. began drinking
C. drank too much
D. drank so little
5. A. marked B. mixing C. hiding D. noting
6. A. make B. have C. lose D. speak
7. A. unable B. uncertain C. uncontrollable D. unconditional
8. A. fears B. ideas C. disease D. sense
9. A. serious B. nervous C. potential D. physical
10. A. reduced B. increased C. changed D. got
11. A. guaranteed B. managed C. tried D. wanted
12. A. understanding B. recognizing C. realizing D. communicating
13. A. life B. emotion C. humor D. enthusiasm
14. A. clearly B. critically C. randomly D. maturely
15. A. traveling B. crying C. shaking D. singing
16. A. no more B. no longer C. not a little D. not a bit
17. A. creative B. popular C. classical D. folk
18. A. Dylan B. Woody Guthrie C. Americans D. young folk singers
19. A. behavior B. manners C. way D. means
20. A. justice B. positions C. services D. protect
III短文改错
Seeing a doctor is the last thing which I want to do. I hate waiting long hours in a hospital，only to spend five minutes with a unconcerned doctor. Most of him just ask a few questions and then give you a prescription. In my opinion，they are more like machines and sympathetic people. I had a severe pain on my right shoulder a few months ago. I had no choice but see a doctor. To her surprise，the doctor was very kind. He asked me some questions and thoroughly examined my shoulder. He says I would have to take some medicine for two months and get a plenty of rest. Now I have fully recovered and feel great. Although I was at first unwilling to see the dotor，I'm glad I went to see the doctor in time.
高中英语素养阅读限时练习（高二上16）（附答案详细解析）
（建议用时：40分钟）
I 阅读理解
[词汇积累Accumulation]
1. commit/ k??m?t /vt. 犯罪，做错事; 自杀；承诺; 保证
2. response/ r??sp?ns /n. 反应(=reaction); 回答，答复(=answer/reply)
3. regard/ r??ɡɑ?d /vt. 将……认为; 看待; 注视，凝视
[长难句] The English expect each other to observe the rules of queuing, feel highly offended when these rules are broken, but lack the confidence or social skills to express their anger in a straightforward manner. 英国人彼此期待着对方遵守排队等候的规则，当这些规则被打破时虽然他们感到高度地被冒犯，但是缺乏信心或社交技巧用直接的方式来表达他们的愤怒。[分析] 这是一个主从复合句。主句是The English expect each other to observe the rules of queuing, feel highly offended…. but lack …manner，其主语是The English，其谓语是一连串的expect…feel…but lack等三个动作并列构成的。时间状语从句when these rules are broken只修饰feel这个谓语。
[阅读理解答案与解析]这是一篇议论文。本文主要论述排队是英国人日常生活很好的行为习惯。
1. D。细节理解题。根据第一段In the European continent, the reaction tends to be loud and
argumentative; in some other parts of the world, queue-jumpers may simply be pushed back into line. Ironically(嘲讽地), it is only England, where queue-jumping is regarded as deeply immoral(不道德的), that the queue-jumper is likely to get away with the offence可知，英国人对插队深恶痛绝，但却不会直接地阻止或指责这种行为。故选D项。
2. B。细节理解题。根据第一段可知，在美国和欧洲其他国家，“插队行为”将会被大声制止
或“插队者”将会被挤到队伍后面去，这些都是很直接的方式。manner 在此意为“方法，方式”。故选B项。
3. C。细节理解题。根据第三段In many cases, queue-jumping is effectively prevented by
non-verbal signals alone. In many cases, queue-jumping is effectively prevented by non-verbal signals alone.可知，一些非言语的身体动作和表情可有效制止插队行为。故
选C项。
4. D。主旨大意题。据第一段主题句The English expect each other to observe the rules of
queuing, feel highly offended when these rules are broken …和第二段Queuing is almost a national pastime(消遣) for the English以及第三个段In many cases, queue-jumping is effectively prevented by non-verbal signals alone.可概括出，这篇文章主要论述排队是英国人日常生活很好的行为习惯。故选D项。
[II完形填空答案与解析] 这是一篇记叙文。本文主要叙述美国著名歌手伍迪(Woody)和他的妻子马乔里外出时碰巧家里发生火灾的悲惨故事。火灾带来的只有伤心、痛苦和悲剧。女儿的死使著名歌手Woody夫妇极度悲伤，Woody精神崩溃，以致于患有精神病。
1. D。逻辑推断题。词义辨析：disappointed失望的；choked说不出话来的，窒息的，哽咽的；buried 被埋葬的；burned被烧伤的。根据Their daughter Cathy Ann was severely … She died the next day.可知，他们的女儿被严重烧伤（burned），第二天他们女儿死了。故选D项。
2. A。逻辑推断题。词义辨析：break down出故障, 中止, 垮掉, 失败，破裂，分解，破除; break out爆发；break in闯入；break up破碎, 分裂，破裂; 结束。根据She died the next day与because of her death可知，女儿的死使他精神崩溃（break down）。故选A项。
3. C。逻辑衔接题。词义辨析：house房屋；accident事故；way方式，方法，路；fire火，火灾。根据a fire started in their house与how his sister had died in the same可知，他还记得他的姐姐是如何以同样的方式(way)死的。故选C项。
4. B。逻辑衔接题。词义辨析：stopped drinking停止喝酒；began drinking开始喝酒；drank too much喝酒过量；drank so little喝酒那么少。女儿死后Woody完全变了样，他无力挣钱，开始喝酒(begin drinking)。故选B项。
5. D。语义衔接题。词义辨析：marked做记号，标志着；mixing混合，搅拌；hiding隐藏，隐蔽，遮挡；noting注意; 留意; 指出; 特别提到。结合上下文语境可知，他开始注意(noting)发生在自己身上的一些奇怪的事情。故选D项。
6. B。逻辑推断题。词义辨析：make使，制造；have拥有，使；lose丢失，失去；speak说话，演讲。词组：make sense有意义，有道理，讲得通。上句Woody Guthrie began noting something strange about himself说“他开始注意(noting)发生在自己身上的一些奇怪的事情”，所以此处说“他发现他写的文字通常没有意义”，正好解释了上句。故选B项。
7. C。语义衔接题。词义辨析：unable不能够的，不擅长的；uncertain无把握的，不确定的，未决定的；uncontrollable无法控制的，难以防止的，禁不住的；unconditional无条件的，无限制的，绝对的。句意：正是因为他出现了一些奇怪的事情，所以他会突然遭受无法控制的（uncontrollable）颤抖的袭击。故选C项。
8. A。语义衔接题。词义辨析：fears恐怖，害怕；ideas主意，观点，思想；disease疾病；sense感觉官能(即视、听、嗅、味、触五觉); (对重大事情的) 感觉，意识; 理解力; 判断力。医生证实了他最糟糕的恐怖(fears)，即下文说：他患有中枢神经系统一种罕见的遗传性疾病（Huntington’s Chorea）。故选A项。
9. B。语义衔接题。词义辨析：serious严重的，严肃的，认真的；nervous神经质的，神经系统的，紧张的；potential潜在的，有潜力的，可能的；physical 躯体的，客观存在的，现实的，物质的。医生证实了他患有中枢神经系统一种罕见的遗传性疾病，他母亲死于此病。故选B项。
10. D。语义衔接题。词义辨析：reduced减少；increased增加；changed改变，变化；got 得到，变得。句意：正是因为他的病无法治疗，所以他的病情变得(got)更加恶化。故选D 项。
11. D。因果关系题。词义辨析：guaranteed保证，担保,确保; managed管理，能解决(问题)，应付；tried尝试，努力，试图，试验；wanted想要，需要。句意：1954年他再次周游美国，因为他想(wanted)看看他曾经生活过的地方和他曾经在那里歌唱过的工人的宿营地。故选D项。
12. B。语义衔接题。词义辨析：understanding理解；recognizing辨认出，承认，意识到; (正式) 认
可，接受，赞成；realizing实现，意识到；communicating交流，沟通。因为他的病情变得(got)更加恶化，所以他的老朋友都难以辨认出（recognizing）他。故选B项。
13. A。逻辑推断题。词义辨析：life生命，活力，生活；emotion强烈的感情，激情，情感，情绪；humor滑稽，幽默，情绪；enthusiasm热情，热心，热忱。他现在已经不是先前的一位充满活力（life）的年轻人了，他的朋友们看见的是一位老头儿，不能够(could not)说清楚，还控制不住地颤抖(shaking)。故选A项。
14. A。逻辑衔接题。词义辨析：clearly清楚；critically批判性地，苛求地，严重地；randomly 随意地；maturely成熟地。句意：现在，在他的朋友们看来，他毕竟是一位老头儿，他不能够说清楚(clearly)话。故选A项。
15. C。语境衔接题。词义辨析：traveling旅行；crying大哭，大叫；shaking颤抖，抓握；singing 唱歌。结合上文语境可知，现在他不住地颤抖(shaking)，但是他无法控制。故选C项。16. B。逻辑衔接题。词义辨析：no more不再；no longer不再；not a little很，非常；not a bit 一点也不，毫不。词组not a little“很，非常”；他住院之前是能够照顾自己的，只是最后再也不能够自我照顾了，所以不能选用not a bit（一点儿也不）。句意：最后, 他住进了医院, 因为他再也不能够（no longer）自我照顾了。故选B项。
17. D。逻辑推断题。词义辨析：creative创造性的；popular受欢迎的，流行的；classical古典的；folk民俗的; 流传民间的。根据But while he seemed to be forgotten, his music was not. By the late 1950s可知，虽然人们忘记了他，但是没有忘记他的音乐。由此推断，民间(folk)音乐在美国再次流行。故选D项。
18. B。语义衔接题。句意：更多的美国人开始听和演奏Woody创作的歌曲。故选B项。
19. C。语义衔接题。词义辨析：behavior行为，举止；manners礼貌, 规矩；way行为方式，
方法，路途；means手段。句意：Dylan和其他的歌手都模仿Woody的方式边唱歌边演奏吉他。故选BC项。
20. A。语义衔接题。词义衔接题：justice公平，公正；positions位置，地方，恰当位置， (坐、立的) 姿态；services服务，公共服务系统，公共事业；protect保护。句意：Dylan和其他的歌手都像Woody那样写抗议歌曲呼吁社会的和政治上的公正（justice）。故选A项。
[III短文改错解析]这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述作者看医生的经历与感受。
1. 第一句：改which为that。定语从句的先行词被最高级或序数词修饰并指代事物时，要用that引导定语从句而不用which。
2. 第二句：改a为an。因为doctor 是可数名词，并且unconcerned的读音是以元音标素开头，故应用an。译文：我讨厌在医院里等候很久，但却只花五分钟就被漠不关心的医生打发走。
3. 第三句：改him为them。这里them指doctors。大部分的医生只是问儿个问题，然后就开给你一张处方。
4. 第四句：改and为than。句型：more like A than B，意为“与其说像B，倒不如说像A”。译文：依我看，他们比较像机器而不像是有同情心的人。
5. 第五句：改on为in。句型：have a pain in the +身体部位，意为“身体某部位疼痛”。译文：几个月前，我的右肩剧烈疼痛。
6. 第六句：在but与see之间添加to。句型：have no choice but to do sth. 意为“别无选择只好做某事”。
7. 第七句：改her 为my。这里my指作者自己，表示“使我的惊讶的是”。
8. 第八句：改thorough为thoroughly。副词thoroughly修饰动词examined。
9. 第九句：改says为said。本文讲作者自己过去的一次看病经历，故用一般过去时态said。
10. 第九句：去掉plenty之前的a。词组：plenty of意思是“大量的,充足的”，其后跟可数名词与不可数名词均可。