简单句的五种基本句型

简单句的五种基本句型
简单句的五种基本句型

第一章简单句的五种基本句型和句子的主要成分

请把下面一段文字反复读几遍,读到背得为止:

(1)I hit him. He cried. Mother said: “He is an honest boy. Why did you beat him

我打他,他哭了。妈妈说:“他是一个诚实的男孩,你为什么欺负他

I will give him an apple. I can make him happy.”

我要给他一个苹果。我会让他高兴起来的。

我们的学习就从这里开始。

先看第一句:I hit him. 这句话就说了一件事----hit, 像hit 这样反映事件本身的动作叫谓语。而I 是hit 这一事件的施行者,叫主语。him则是动作hit 的承受者,叫宾语。像这样由主谓宾三种成分构成的句子类型就是主谓宾句型(S+V+O)。

再看第二句:He cried. 这个句子的动作cried 不需要承受者,没有宾语。这样的句子类型叫主谓句型(S+V)。像cried这样不带宾语的动词叫不及物动词,而像hit一样需要接宾语的动词则是及物动词。无论是及物动词还是不及物动词,它们都表达一种动作一种行为,被称为行为动词或实义动词。

那么,不及物动词是不是一定不能带宾语呢其实,如果你一定要带,也是可以的,只不过要在它后面加一个介词;这是因为介词后面也可以接宾语。请看下面一段文字,找出其中的及物动词和不及物动词:

(2)I listened, but I couldn’t hear anything. Mother said I was deaf. So I listened to

我听了, 但是我什么也听不见。妈妈说我是聋子,所以我去听。

the tape. Oh, I heard a dog barking at me. How scary! I was so terrified, but I

磁带哦,我听见一只狗子对着我叫,好可怖啊。我是这样的害怕,但我

knew I wasn’t deaf!

知道了,我不聋。

这一段中,及物动词有,不及物动词有,后面加介词的及物动词在一句中。

再思考这两个问题:1、哪类词可用作主语和宾语

2、哪类词可用作谓语。

现在我们回到第一段文字,看这个句子:I will give him an apple. 谓语动词will give 后面的him和an apple都是被give 的对象,即动作的承受者,因此它们都是宾语. 现在让我们想象一下,当主语I用手把an apple给him时,I和an apple是直接接触的,而him则是通过an apple和I间接的产生了联系。因此,我们把an apple 叫直接宾语,把him 叫间接宾语。那么,这两个宾语谁有资格放在前面呢上句已经给出了答案。不过,我们也可以把间接宾语放在后面,只要在它前面加一个介词to 或for安抚它一下就行。例如上句,也可以写成I will give an apple to him. 这种句型我们叫它“双宾语句型(S+V+ IO +DO)”

再看句子I can make him happy.,谓语动词can make后面也有两个部分,him 和happy,它们也是双宾语吗不是,因为happy不是can make的对象,它的作用是补充him的不足。happy是不能成其为make的对象的,happiness才可以。像happy这样被用来补充宾语意义上的不足的成分,叫宾语补足语。我们把像I can make him happy.这样的一类句子叫“主谓宾补句型(S+V+O+OC)”。

读下面的文段,并分析划线的句子的成分:

(3)I heard something barking at me. I was very terrified. I turned back 。Oh,there is a big 我听见有东西在对着我叫,我非常害怕。我转过身。噢,有一只大

dog behind me . I threw a piece of bread to it. It stopped barking and went to eat

狗仔在我身后。我扔了片面包给它,它停止吠叫去吃。

the bread. I looked at it, it looked very thin because it was very tall… Oh, it’s my cousin’s.

面包我看着它,它看起来非常瘦因为他很高……哦,它是我表弟的。

·I heard something barking at me. 中,是宾语,barking at me是。

·I threw a piece of bread to it. 中,a piece of bread是的,it是它的

回到第一段,我们会发现有一个句子与上面学过的都不同:He is an honest boy. 这个句子没有告诉你任何事件,也就没有事件的承受者和施与者。它是一个判断,判断He为an honest boy. 这样的判断句中,He这样的被判断的对象我们还是叫主语,is这样表达判断的连系动词和它后面的an honest boy 一起构成谓语,但谓语中的an honest boy不是动作施与的对象,而是在某一方面对主语进行的判断和表述,说明了它是什么或有什么样的特征,我们称它为“表语”。这样的句型叫系表句型(S+V+P)。

第三段中也有一个特别的句子:there is a big dog behind me。这个句子的主语a big dog位于be动词之后,there只是一个形式主语,没有实在的含义。这种句子被称为“there be”句型,其结构是“there + be动词的某种形式+主语+地点”,表示“在某处存在着某样东西”。其中的“地点”也叫“地点状语”,一般位于句子末尾;有时也可以放于句首,这时要用逗号与句子隔开。

现在请从第二段和第三段文字中找出系表结构的句子:

现在我们一起来盘点一下已经学过的知识:

让我们一起来背诵这三段文字:

(1)I hit him. He cried. Mother said: “he is an honest boy. Why did you beat him. I will give him an apple. I can make him happy.”

(2)I listened, but I couldn’t hear anything. Mother said I was deaf. So I listened to the tape. Oh, I heard a dog barking at me. How scary! I was so terrified, but I knew I wasn’t deaf!

(3)I heard something barking at me. I was very terrified. I turned back and saw a big dog . I

threw a piece of bread to it. It stopped barking and went to eat the bread. I looked at it, it looked very thin because it was very tall… Oh, it’s my cousin’s.

第一章练习答案及注释:

(2)这一段中,及物动词有hear,knew,不及物动词有listened,后面加介词的及物动词在I listened to the tape一句中。

1、哪类词可用作主语和宾语名词、名词性质的词或词组。

2、哪类词可用作谓语动词

注:只有名词、名词性质的词或词组才能充当动作的施与者和承受者。

(3)·I heard something barking at me. 中,something是宾语,barking at me是宾语补足语·I threw a piece of bread to it. 中,a piece of bread是threw的直接宾语,it是它的间接宾语。

现在请从第二段和第三段文字中找出系表结构的句子:

I was deaf. I was so terrified. I wasn’t deaf. I was very terrified. it looked very thin. it was very tall . It’s my cousin’s.

注:It looked very thin.是一个“似像判断”,表达“……像……”,“…..起来….”,“…..得…….”,“……到……”等模糊判断。而像look这样用于表达似像判断的动词也是连系动词。

小补丁-----答同学问

一、带双宾语的动词中,间接宾语放在后面的时候,哪些该用介词to,哪些该用介词for

加to: give, show, send, bring, read, pass, lead, leave, hand, tell, return, write, threw, promise, refuse.

加for: make, buy. do, get(得到), play(演奏), order(命令), sing, pay.

两种被动式:We send them a telegram They were sent a telegram.

A telegram was sent to them.

(间接宾语在后,故加介词)

二、连系动词有哪些

请看《动词的分类》

三、主格和宾格有什么区别

一般地,名词、名词性质的词和词组都可以作主语和宾语,也就是说它们既有作主语的资格也有作宾语的资格,不存在主格和宾格的区别。但人称代词例外,例如同样是指说话人自己,作主语时用I, 作宾语时用me.

请找出下列句子中的主格代词和宾格代词:

I hit him, so he hates me. Yesterday his sister told me they wanted to beat me tomorrow. Can you give me a hand I hope I can see you when I meet them. I don’t want to have a fight with a girl, you know. But she will hit me. You can stop her. Then we can run away.

文中主格代词有

宾格代词有

(答案:主格-----I ,he, they, you, she, we. 宾格-----him, me, you, them, her.)

第二章句子的附加成分

请把下面一段文字反复读几遍,读到背得为止:

(1)I’m a good student. I like English very much. I often take more English classes on weekends. At home, I have a book shelf with many books. My father bought it for me last year as a birthday-gift, because I got an A in the exam.

(我是一个好学生,我非常喜欢英语。我常常在周末上英语补习课。在家里,我有个装满了书的书架。我爸爸去年把它作为生日礼物买给了我,因为我在考试中得了个A。)

我们一起来看句子I’m a good student,I是主语,am和其后的表语a good student一起构成语,好像没什么可学的了。那么如果我要你省略一个词,同时保持句子结构完整,你看该省略哪个词显然,只有good可以被省略。句子I like English very much. 呢哪两个词可以被省略当然是very much 了。再看句子I often take more English classes on weekends,可省略的部分就多了,有often、more、English和on weekends。

像这样可以被省略的成分,就是附加成分。句子I’m a good student中,good对student进行了修饰和限定,既丰富了student的内涵, 又从外延上限定了student的范围。像这样对名词进行修饰和限定的句子成分叫定语。

而句子I like English very much中的very much尽管位于English之后,却不是修饰或限定它的,而是修饰动词like的,说明了like的程度。句子I often take more English classes on weekends中的often说明了动词take的频率,on weekends则说明和限定了I take more English classes的时间。这些对动词或句子进行修饰、说明或限定的句子成分叫状语。

如果对very much的内部进行分析,我们会发现very是副词much的附加成分,说明了much的程度,因此也是状语。而如果把第一句改为I’m a very good student,则形容词good就有了一个状语。

这里的very、very much表达的是一种程度,叫程度状语; often是频率状语;on weekends则是时间状语。

可以这样说:名词无论在什么地方都可以带一个或多个定语,形容词、副词、动词和句子则可以带一个或多个状语。

现在让我们来分析:

句子At home, I have a book self with many books.中,book是的,with many books是的,At home是的,在它内部,home又是介词at的宾语。而with many books中的many又是的,many book则作介词with的宾语。

句子My father bought it for me last year as a birthday-gift, because I got an A in the exam.中,my是的、for me是的、last year是、

as a birthday-gift是、because I got an A in the exam是。

再读第二段文字:

(2)He wanted to buy me a computer, too. He said: “You, my son, wait at home. I will go to Guangzhou myself. I will take you a better gift, a good computer! ”

(他还想给我买一台计算机,因此他要去广州赚钱。他说:“你,我的儿子,在家里等着;我将亲自去一趟广州,我将送给你一件更好的礼物——一台优质计算机!”)

我们来分析句子You, my son, wait at home,You是主语,wait是谓语,at home是状语;my son呢它既没有对you进行限定,也没有对wait进行修饰,不可能是定语或状语。它与主语you处于同一位置, 对you进行强调和说明,在意义上等于you,我们称它为”主语同位语”。

类似地,句子I will take you a better gift, a good computer!中的a good computer对宾语a better gift 进行了强调和说明,被称为宾语同位语。

再看句子I will go to Guangzhou myself.,myself位于宾语Guangzhou之后,那它是不是宾语同位语

呢不是,因为它没有对宾语进行强调或说明,被它强调的是主语I,所以它是主语I的同位语。只不过它被放到了句末,没有跟在主语的后面。

请分析下面一段文字中各个句子的成分,我们可以用以下符号来标记:主语==,谓语,宾语宾语补足语{ } 表语------ 状语[]定语()同位语

(3)“Yes, You will go to make money for my computer. But I myself will have to stay at

home and wait for you. Don’t you think this is a bad thing for me”

“Oh, of course you can go out and enjoy yourself.”

“You mean I needn’t go to school every day Oh, my god! You are really my great father!”

( “好啊,你去赚钱给我买计算机,我将不得不独自呆在家里等你。你不认为这对我来说是件坏事吗”“哦,当然了,你可以出去找乐子。”“你是说我不必每天上学啊,我的上帝!你真是我的好爸爸!)

我们一起来盘点一下本章学过的知识:

·句子的附加成分:定语、状语和同位语, 同位语又有主语同位语和宾语同位语之分。

·定语用来修饰名词,状语可用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。

·同位语是对某个名词的一种解释和说明,在意义上与被解释的部分相同。

·主语同位语可放在主语的后面,也可放在句末。

让我们一起来背诵:

(1)I’m a good student. I like English very much. I often take more English classes on weekends. At home, I have a book self with many books. My father bought it for me last year as a birthday-gift, because I got an A in the exam.

(2)He wanted to buy me a computer, too. He said: “You, my son, wait at home. I will go to Guangzhou myself. I will take you a better gift, a good computer! ”

(3)“Yes, You will go to make money for my computer . But I myself will have to stay at home and wait for you. Don’t you think this is a bad thing for me”

“oh, of course you can go out and enjoy yourself.”

“You mean I needn’t go to school every day Oh, my god! You are really my great father!”

第二章练习答案:

句子At home, I have a book self with many books.中,book是self的定语,with many

6

books是a book self的定语,At home是整个句子的地点状语,在它内部,home又是介词at的宾语。而with many books中的many又是books的定语,many book则作介词with的宾语。

句子My father bought it for me last year as a birthday-gift, because I got an A in the exam.中,my是father的定语、for me是句子的目的状语、last year是时间状语、as a birthday-gift是方式状语、because I got an A in the exam是原因状语。

(3)

“Yes, You will go to make money for my computer . But I myself will have to stay at ==~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ =~~~~~ [

home and wait for you. Don’t you think this is a bad thing for me”

][]==~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

“oh, of course you can go out and enjoy yourself.”

[]==[]~~~~~~~

“ You mean I needn’t go to school every day oh, my god! You are really my great father!”

==~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ==[]-----------

注:·Don’t you think this is a bad thing for me一句中,谓语的前半部分Don’t被移到句首,以构成疑问句。

·I myself will have to stay at home 一句中,谓语由will have to stay这样的动词性词组构成。

·You can go out and enjoy yourself 一句中,谓语由情态动词can和它后面的动词原形go一起构成。

第三章各种各样的简单句

让我们一起来把下面的对话读五遍,先快后慢:

(1)A: What a naughty son! I’ve caught you now! Why hide yourself from me

B: Who are you Why do you catch me

A: Who I’m your father! Look at me carefully, I’m not a stranger!

B: My father You are my father …Oh, my god! …I’m your son, …aren’t I Is there anything wrong with you

C: Dad, what are you doing Who are you talking with

A: Oh, my god! There are two Toms! …You look the same! Which is my son, this or that

B&C:Ha, ha, ha…, am I your son or not

(A:好个调皮的儿子!我现在可抓住你了!为什么躲我B:你是谁为什么抓我A:我是谁我是你爸!仔细的看着我,我可不是陌生人!B:我爸你是我爸……噢,你真逗,……我是你儿子,……我是吗你脑子坏了吧C:爸爸,你在干什么你在跟谁讲话A: 噢,天哪!怎么有两个汤姆……你们长得一模一样!哪个是我的儿子,这个还是那个B和C:哈哈哈……,我是不是你的儿子呢)

现在我们来认识内面的句子:

先看句子I’m your father! 和I’m not a stranger! 它们各自陈述了一个事实,是两个陈述句。前者陈述的是肯定的事实,是肯定的陈述句;后者陈述的是否定的事实,是否定的陈述句。

而句子Why hide yourself from me I’m your son, …aren’t IIs there anything wrong with you Am I your son or not等则表达了说话者心中的疑惑,是疑问句。其中Is there anything wrong with you可以用yes或no作答,叫一般疑问句;Why hide yourself from me的回答必定是针对why的某种原因,它是就一特定对象来提问,是特殊疑问句;Am I your son or not则向听者提供两种或多种答案供听者选择,属于选择疑问句;I’m your son, aren’t I在陈述之后,反过来问是不是这样,这种句子叫反义疑问句。

Look at me carefully. 表达的是一种请求和指使,是祈使句;What a naughty son ! 则是表达感慨的感叹句。

那么,Which is my son, this or that属于哪种疑问句You look the

same.呢。还有I’ve caught you now.呢。

请看下面一段对话,其中的句子都是什么句式

A: Hi, how long I haven’t seen you! Where have you been working these years

B: Oh, it’s Jim! I work in Hong Kong as a doctor now. What about you

A: I’m a teacher in New York, and are you married

B: Yes, I have a family of four, what about you

A: There is only one person in my home.

B: Oh, a happy bachelor(单身汉).

A: Yeah, wives always make troubles, don’t they

B: You’re right. But look,there is a beautiful girl standing in front of you, are you willing to get married or not now

A&B: Ha, ha, ha…

(A: 嗨,好久没看见你了!这几年你在哪里工作B:哦,是吉姆!我在香港做医生。你呢A:我在纽约作教师,你结婚了吗A:结了,我现在有一个四口之家。你呢B: 我有个一口之家。A:哦,快乐的单身汉! B: 耶,老婆总是麻烦,不是吗A:是啊!但是你看,你的面前就有一个漂亮女孩,现在想不想结婚A和B:哈哈哈……)

(1)A: what a naughty son ! I’ve caught you now! Why hide yourself from me

B: who are you Why do you catch me

A: Who I’m your father! Look at me carefully, I’m not a stranger!

B: My father You are my father …Oh, my god! …I’m your son, …aren’t I Is there anything wrong with you

C: Dad, what are you doing Who are you talking with

A: Oh, my god! There are two Toms! …You look the same! Which is my son, this or that

B&C:Ha, ha, ha…,am I your son or not

(2)A: Hi, how long I haven’t seen you! Where have you been working these years

B: Oh, it’s Jim! I work in Hong Kong as a doctor now. What about you

A: I’m a teacher in New York, and are you married

B: Yes, I have a family of four, what about you

A: There is only one person in my home.

B: Oh, a happy bachelor(单身汉).

A: Yeah, wives always make troubles, don’t they

B: You’re right. But look, there is a beautiful girl standing in front of you, are you willing to get

married or not now

A&B: Ha, ha ha…

第三章练习答案:

·Which is my son, this or that属于哪种疑问句是选择疑问句。You look the same.呢陈述句。还有I’ve caught you now.呢陈述句。

·How long I haven’t seen you! It’s Jim!是感叹句,Where have you been working these years是特殊疑问句,I work in Hong Kong as a doctor now. I’m a teacher in New York, I have a family of four There is only one person in my home. there is a beautiful girl standing in front of you,是陈述句,are you married是一般疑问句,wives always make troubles, don’t they是反义疑问句,are you willing to get married or not是选择疑问句,Yeah. a happy bachelor.独词句。

What/How about you与它的上句有关,上句回答的是什么样的问句,它就是什么样的问句。因此,第一个What about you是特殊疑问句,与Where have you been working these years相同;第二个what about you 是一般疑问句,与have you married相同。

第四章由简单句到复合句

两人一起操练这段对话,先慢后快:

A:I would like to travel to the country . it’s peaceful and…

B: You would like to travel to the country because it’s peaceful.

Because it’s peaceful , I want to travel to the country, too.

A: I tell you I would like to travel to the country because it’s peaceful and beautiful!

B: I know, if it isn’t beautiful, you won’t visit it.

A: Yes. It’s the reason why I want to visit it.

B: Oh, no, no, no… maybe the reason is that there is a girl who’s beautiful.

A: Ha,ha, It’s right that you’re my belly reading.

(A: 我想去乡村旅游,那里平和而且……B: 你要去乡村旅游,因为那里平和;因为那里平和,我也想去旅游。A:我跟你说我想去那里是因为那里平和而且美丽!B:我晓得,如果那里不美丽,你是不会去的。A:对啦,这就是我想去的理由。B:噢,不对,不对,不对,……也许理由是那里有个女孩很漂亮。B:哈哈,你真是我肚里的蛔虫!)

现在来分析这些句子的成分:

在You would like to travel to the country because it’s peaceful. 一句中,原因状语是由Because ==~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ [原因状语]

引导的一个句子来承担的,像这样用作别的句子的一个成分的句子叫做从句,这里的because it’s peaceful就是主句You would like to travel to the country的原因状语从句。

而在I tell you I would like to travel to the country because it’s peaceful and beautiful.一句中,=~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

I would like to travel to the country because it’s peaceful and beautiful整个句子作tell的直接宾语,因此是主句I tell you的一个宾语从句。

在It is the reason why I want to visit it .中,why I want to visit it是the reason的定语,被称为=~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

主句It is the reason的定语从句。

由此看来,(1)句子maybe the reason is that there is a girl who’s beautiful中的that there is a girl

who’s beautiful应该是。

(2)句子It’s right that you’re my belly reading中的that you’re my belly reading是主语,本来应该在句首,但因为太长,被移到句末,它原来的位置被it代替了。It叫做形式主语,that you’re my belly reading 则被称为真正主语;又由于它本身又是一个完整的句子,因此被叫做。

(3)句子Because it’s peaceful , I want to travel to the country, too中的Because it’s peaceful 是。

(4)句子if it isn’t beautiful, you won’t visit it中的if it isn’t beautiful是visit的条件状语,故被称为从句。

现在我们来检查自己的答案:

(1)表语从句,(2)主语从句,(3)原因状语从句,(4)条件状语从句。

宾语从句、主语从句和表语从句在句子中的作用相当于一个名词,都是名词性从句。定语从句相当于一个形容词,是形容词性从句。状语从句则是副词性从句。

让我们两个人一组来操练对话:

A:I would like to travel to the country . it’s peaceful and…

B: You would like to travel to the country because it’s peaceful.

Because it’s peaceful , I want to travel to the country, too.

A: I tell you I would like to travel to the country because it’s peaceful and beautiful!

B: I know, if it isn’t beautiful, you won’t visit it.

A: Yes. It’s the reason why I want to visit it.

B: Oh, no, no, no… maybe the reason is that there is a girl who’s beautiful.

A: Ha,ha, It’s right that you’re my belly reading.

英语简单句的五种基本句型

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简单句的五种基本句型教案

教学讲义

三、主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P) [例句]1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典。 2. The cake smells good. 蛋糕味道很好。 3. Everything looks different. 一切看来都不同了。 4. He is growing tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮。 5. The trouble is that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。 6. Our well has gone dry. 我们的井干枯了。 7. His face turned red. 他的脸红了。 [分析]这些句子有一个共同的特点:谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类,表示情况;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。 四、主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO) [例句]1. He brought you a dictionary. 他给你带来了一本字典。 2. She cooked her husband a delicious meal. 她给丈夫做了一顿美餐。 3. I showed him my pictures.我给他看我的照片。 4. I gave my car a wash.我洗了我的汽车。 5. I told him that the bus was late. 我告诉他汽车晚点了。 6. He showed me how to run the machine.他教我开机器。 [分析]这些句子有一个共同的特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思,故这类动词被称作双宾语动词。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者。一般来说指人的宾语叫间接宾语,指物的宾语叫直接宾语。通常

英语简单句的五种基本句型

英语简单句的五种基本句型 英语句子成分的排列顺序与汉语不同。汉语放在前面的,英语可能要放在后面;而汉语放后面的,英语可能放在前面。即使是同样一句话,如果用词不同,句中的次序也会有变化。比如,“我每天骑自行车上学”,可以表达为 I go to school by bike every day. 也可以表达为 I ride to school every day. 如果用图表分析一下,我们会看得更清楚: 主语谓语是基础,宾表定状补辅助。 宾主来自名代数,动词作谓不可无。

? 2). 8). 3)4)〕, 7)8),〕等。 2.S十 需和 1. 来 来);?taste?(尝起来),等。? 2.表示主语进入某种状态或变得具有某种性质。这类词常见的有:become?(成为,变得);?get?(逐 渐变得);?grow?(渐渐变得);?turn?(变成),等。? 3.表示主语保持某种状态或继续具备某种性质。这类词常见的有:keep?(保持,继 续);?remain?(依然,仍然);?stay?(停留,保持下去),等。例如? 1).It?looks?much?better?now.?? 2).The?trees?turn?green.? 3).OK.?Listen,?that’s?the?bell.? 4).He?is?our?English?teacher.? 5).Everyone?is?here,?but?Jim’s?away.?

6).He?is?at?the?cinema.? 7).It?looks?like?a?chicken.? 8).His?wish?was?to?become?a?teacher.? 9).Seeing?is?believing.? 10).That?book?is?very?interesting.? 11).Wei?Hua’s?pen?was?broken? 12).That’s?why?I?was?late?for?class.? 表语用来表示主语的身份、状态或性质。能在句中作表语的有形容词〔例1)2)〕,名词〔例3)4)〕,副词〔例5)〕,介词短语〔例6)7)〕,不定式短语〔例8)〕,动词-ing形式〔例9)10)〕,过去分词〔例11)〕,从句〔例12)〕,等。? 3.S十V十O句式:?主语+及物动词+宾语??如:??? 3).I 7). 2)〕,代词〔例3 4.S十 说明: 4). ? 通常间接宾语置于直接宾语之后。这是间接宾语前需要用一个介词to或for。例如:? 1).I?wanted?to?show?it?to?you.? 2).You?mustn’t?lend?it?to?others.? 3).Please?buys?a?bottle?of?ink?for?me.? 4).Can?you?draw?a?picture?of?a?sheep?for?me????? 用to还是for取决于前面的动词。? A:bring、give、hand、leave、lend、pass、pay、return、send、teach、tell、throw、write、等动词后跟to。 B:buy,cook,do,find,get,make,play,sing,save,等动词后跟for。? 5.S十V十O十C句式??主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语??如:???

五种简单句的基本句型练习题

英语中的五种基本句型练习题 一)判断这些句子的类型并理解be 动词的用法(连系动词/助动词)1.The boy is asleep (_____ 式_ ) 2.The boy is sleeping. (__ 式_ )3.The boy is playing the guitar. (_____ 式) 4.He is playing happily. ( ________________________________ 式) 5.His music is very beautiful. (____ 式) 6.It is beautiful music. ( ______________________________ 式) 二)判断这些句子的类型 1. Sheis a very good girl .( ________________________ ___式_ ) (__语)(__词)(___语) 2. Thegirl is very good.(____ __式) (__语)(__词)(___语) 3. They I laughed.( ____ 式 __)_ (__语)(__词) 4. The kites I fly in the sky.(_ 式) (__语)(__词) 5. I I bought a new bike.(___ 式) (__语)(__词)(__语) 6. He I plays volleyball.( ___ 式) (__语)(__词)(__语) 7. She I told me a story.( ________________________ 式)(__语)(__词)(__语)(__语)

简单句的五种基本句型

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(完整word版)简单句的五种基本句型

简单句的五种基本句型 一、句子分为简单句、并列句和复合句。 ①简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成,其它各种句子形式都是由此句型发展而来。 ②并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子。并列连词有:and, but, or, so等。 ③复合句是由主句+从句构成。由从属连词连接,如because, if, when, while, until, after, before, as soon as等。分为名词性从句,形容词性从句(即定语从句),副词性从句(即状语从句)三大类。其中最著名的是宾语从句,定语从句和状语从句。 二、简单句的五个基本句式: ①主谓②主谓宾③主谓双宾④主谓宾补⑤主系表 主语: 句子说明的人或事物。 谓语:说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 表语:系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 宾语:1. 动作的承受者——动宾。2. 介词后的名词、代词和动名词——介宾。 补语:宾补,对宾语的补充。主补,对主语的补充。 判断下列句子是那种结构: 1. He is swimming. 2. It made him angry. 3. The little boy is asking the teacher questions. 4. She is young. 5. My mom bought me a beautiful gift. 6. He kept his eyes closed. 7. He told us an exciting story. 8. We must keep our classroom tidy and clean. 9. I heard the baby crying in the sitting room. 10.Can you push the window open? 11. He seemed tired. 1.主谓 2.主谓宾补 3.主谓双宾 4.主系表 5.主谓双宾 6.主谓宾补 7.主谓双宾 8.主谓宾补 9.主谓宾补10.主谓宾补11.主系表

简单句共有五种基本句型

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简单句的五种基本句型典型例句

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初中英语简单句的五种基本句型

初中英语简单句的五种基本句型 简单句的五种基本句型。 简单句的五种基本句型,对于提高同学们的听、说、读、写、译能力有至关重要的作用。下面我们就一起再来回顾一下简单句的五种基本句型吧~简单句的五种基本句型包括: a. 主语+连系动词+表语 (S+ Link-V+P) 此句型中的谓语动词为连系动词,作表语成分的有形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式介词短语等。常见的系动词有be, feel, taste, smell, sound,seem, look(看起来),get(变),become(变),turn(变)等。 )The story sounds interesting. 那个故事听起来很有趣。 1 2) Her dream has come true. 她的梦想实现了。 3)My books are on the desk. 我的书在书桌上。 4)The food seems to be nice. 这食物似乎不错 本句型的特点是"连系动词+表语"二者缺一不可。例如"The teacher angry"和"We in the classroom." She sixteen.都不成其为一个句子。汉语中形容词、介词短语、数词都可以用作谓语,但是英语中它们不能单独作谓语,它们前面必须加上一个系动词才能构成谓语。 b.主语+不及物动词 (S+V) 在此句型中,谓语动词是不及物动词,其后没有宾语。因为此句型中的动词表达的意思已经很明确,所以不需要跟宾语。有时为了表示动作发生的频率、程度、原因、结果、目的、场所、时间等,可以带状语修饰动词。如: 1)My head aches. 我头疼。 2)The students are listening( 学生们正在听。 3) We study hard. 我们努力学习。 4) The red sun rises in the east. 一轮红日从东方升起。

五种基本句型和简单句详细讲解

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简单句的五种基本句型

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英语简单句五种基本句型详解

基本句型 英语句子成分的排列顺序与汉语不同。汉语放在前面的,英语可能要放在后面;而汉语放后面的,英语可能放在前面。即使是同样一句话,如果用词不同,句中的次序也会有变化。比如,“我每天骑自行车上学”,可以表达为I go to school by bike every day. 也可以表达为 I ride to school every day. 如果用图表分析一下,我们会看得更清楚: 这三个语句除了行为者"I"的位置没有变化外,其它都发生了变化,并且由于“上学”表达方式的不同,在句中的位置也发生了变化。 句子成分详解一览表及巧记口诀

句子成分学记口诀 主语谓语是基础,宾表定状补辅助。 宾主来自名代数,动词作谓不可无。 一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分: 1. The students got on the school bus. 2. He handed me the newspaper. 3. I shall answer your question after class. 4. His job is to train swimmers. 5. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing. 6. His wish is to become a scientist. 7. He wants to finish the work in time. 8. Tom came to ask me for advice(建议).

9. He found it important to master English. 10. Do you have anything else to say? 11. Would you please tell me your address? 12. He sat there, reading a newspaper. 13. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy. 14. He noticed(注意到)a man enter the room. 15. The apples tasted sweet. 简单句的五种基本句型 基本句型一:S十V主谓结构 这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词:appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, fall, happen, rise, eg: 这只小狗已经死了。_____________________________________

简单句的五种基本句型用法及辨析

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简单句的五种基本句型

简单句的五种基本类型 一、一个完整的简单句由“主语部分+谓语部分”构成The man is a teacher. 主语部分谓语部分 He works hard. 主语部分谓语部分 He teaches English well. 主语部分谓语部分 ●连系动词be (am is are was were) / seem / keep 是/好象(似乎)是/保持 look / feel / taste / smell / sound 看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去) become / turn / get / grow 变得 ●主要动词 行为动词不及物动词laugh / smlie / look / listen 及物动词see / hear / drank / eat 助动词be (am / is /are / was / were) do / does / did have / has / had 辅助动词will / shall / be going to 情态动词can / may / must / shall / need could / should / would / might have (has) to / had better ●表语:表示主语是什么(身份)或者怎么样(处于什么状态)。 由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当。 和连系动词一起构成谓语,也就是说: 连系动词后面的才是表语! eg.He is a boy. She is a girl. They are students. They are good. He looks / seems ill. The apple tastes nice.

【练习】简单句的五种基本句型练习题及答案

简单句的五种基本句型练习题 一.用公式标出下面简单句的类型。 1. Anna speaks Russian. _____________ 2. Daddy bought Tom a new dictionary. __________ 3. Kate calls her cat Mimi. ___________ 4. Polly laughed. ____________ 5. Lily felt cold. ________________ 6. The picture looks beautiful. ________________ 7. Jim brought me my English books. _____________ 8. It is dangerous. _______________ 9. You must wait. ______________ 10. Mr Green can't keep the house tidy. ______________ 二. 选择正确答案 11.Look ! There _____ some apples in that tree. A is B was C are D were 12. The ground must be just right ___ too wet ___ too dry. A. either; or B. both; and C. between; and D. neither; nor 13. He ____ coffee at all. He ___ tea. A. doesn't like, prefers B. likes, doesn't prefer C. would like, not prefers D. prefers, is not food of 14. We ___ happy about the price of meat. A. don't B. are not C. won't D. weren't being

(完整版)简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题

简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题 英语句子成分的排列顺序与汉语不同。汉语放在前面的,英语可能要放在后面;而汉语放后面的,英语可能放在前面。即使是同样一句话,如果用词不同,句中的次序也会有变化。比如,“我每天骑自行车上学”,可以表达为I go to school by bike every day. 也可以表达为 I ride to school every day. 如果用图表分析一下,我们会看得更清楚: 这三个语句除了行为者"I"的位置没有变化外,其它都发生了变化,并且由于“上学”表达方式的不同,在句中的位置也发生了变化。 句子成分详解一览表及巧记口诀

句子成分学记口诀 主语谓语是基础,宾表定状补辅助。宾主来自名代数,动词作谓不可无。 简单句的五种基本句型 英语是一种结构型的语言,以谓语动词为核心构成各种句型。为了帮助你掌握英语的句型,本节课我们一起来总结一下英语的基本句型。

4.主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语(+ 状语) 5.主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语(+ 状语) 巩固练习 一.指出下面句子分别属于哪个句型。 ①I will spend this summer holiday in the countryside. ②In the modern city, there are some problems, such as air pollution, crowdness and noise. ③In the countryside I can enjoy a comfortable and quiet life. ④There, the air is fresh and the water is clean. ⑤I can hear birds singing in the green trees. ⑥I can also go boating, fishing, and swimming in the lake. ⑦All this will be interesting and good for my health. ⑧So I want to go to the countryside for a change. 1. ( S + V ) _______________ 2. ( S + V +O ) _________________ 3. ( S + V + C ) ____________________ 4. ( S + V + IO + DO ) _______________ 5. ( S + V + O + C ) __________________ 6. There be 句型______________ 二.翻译题 1. 他昨天早上起床很晚。 ________________________________________________________ 2. 那天晚上我们谈了很多。 ________________________________________________________

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