(完整word版)初中英语被动语态专项讲解
(完整word版)英语被动语态语法讲解(word文档良心出品)
初中被动语态语法讲解(一)语态分类英语动词有两种语态.，主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。
(二)被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。
以give 为例，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + done 一般过去时：was / were + done一般将来时：shall / will + be done 一般过去将来时：should / would + be done现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时：was / were + being + done现在完成时：have / has + been + done 过去完成时：had + been + done将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done 过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done ［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态1. 一般现在时：(1)People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country.(2)The school doesn't allow us to enter lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter lab without a teacher. 2. 一般过去时：(1)They agreed on building a new car factory last month. a new car building factory was agreed on last month.(2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten3. 一般将来时：(1)They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea.(2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.5. 现在进行时：(1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons. English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.(2) We are painting the rooms. The rooms are being painted.6. 过去进行时：(1)The workers were mending the road. The road was being mended.(2)This time last year we were planting trees here. Trees were being planted here this time last year.7. 现在完成时：(1)Someone has told me the meeting might be put off.I have been told the meeting might be put off.(2)He has brought his book here. His book has been brought here.(四）含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
被动语态详解(Word版)
被动语态详解一、语态分类英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
如：They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。
二、被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化(1)主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be 的变化形式完全一样。
以give为例，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + given一般过去时：was / were +given一般将来时：shall / will + given一般过去将来时：should / would + given现在进行时：am / is / are + being + given过去进行时：was / were + being + given现在完成时：have / has + been + given过去完成时：had + been + given将来完成时：shall / will + have been + given过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + given 注：被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
(2)含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
①You must hand in your compositions after class.Your compositions must be handed in after class.②He can write a great many letters with the computer.A great many letters can be written with the computer by him.(3)主动语态变被动语态的方法：①My aunt invited me to her dinner party.主语谓语宾语→I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party.主语谓语宾语②The school set up a special class to help poor readers. →A special class to help poor readers was set up in the school.1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
【英语】动词被动语态专项复习(word)
【英语】动词被动语态专项复习（word）一、动词被动语态1．—Oh, your room is too dirty, Mike!—Sorry, Mum. It yesterday. I forgot to do it.A. didn't cleanB. isn't cleanedC. was cleanedD. wasn't cleaned【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意：——哦，你的房间是太脏了，Mike！——对不起，妈妈。
昨天房间没有打扫，我忘记了。
it代指room，是动作clean的承受者，所以用被动语态，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was/were+动词过去分词，主语是it，所以用was，clean的过去分词是cleaned，根据 I forgot to do it.可知没有打扫房间，所以用wasn't，故选D。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态，注意平时识记，理解句意。
2．— Mom, where is my model plane?— Oh, it ______ to Jenny yesterday.A. is lentB. lendsC. was lentD. lent【答案】 C【解析】【分析】考查被动语态的用法。
句意：-妈妈，我的飞机模型在哪里？-哦，昨天借给了詹妮。
因为句子的主语是it，代指的是my model plane，my model plane与lend之间是被动关系。
句子的时间状语是yesterday，所以应该用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。
3．Chengdu is a greener city now because more and more trees every spring.A. were plantedB. are plantedC. will be planted.【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意：成都现在是一个绿色城市，因为每年春天越来越多的树木被种植。
被动语态专项练习附答案解析(可编辑修改word版)
初中英语被动语态专项讲解一、语态概述语态是动词的一种形式，表示句子之中主语和谓语动词的关系。
英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词 be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
人称、数和时态的变化是通过 be 的变化表现出来的。
(被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由助动词或第一个助动词构成。
)各种时态的被动语态构成：1.一般现在时：am／is／are＋及物动词的过去分词Eg：I'm asked to take care of myself.Football is played all over the world2.一般过去时：was／were＋及物动词的过去分词Eg：This house was built in 1958.His leg was broken in an accident.3.一般将来时：will／shall be＋及物动词的过去分词Eg：More factories will be built in our city.He will be taken to hospital tomorrow.4.现在进行时：am／is／are being＋及物动词的过去分词.Eg： A road is being built around the mountain.Many new houses are being built in this cit5.过去进行时：was/were being＋及物动词的过去分词Eg：The meeting was being held when I was there.We were being trained this time last year.6.现在完成时：have／has been＋及物动词的过去分词Eg：His book has been translated into many foreign languages.The prices of many goods have been cut again .7.过去完成时：had been + 及物动词的过去分词Eg：A new school had been set up by the end of last year.8.含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词Eg：The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.4.含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动语态变成被动语态时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带 to 的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。
(完整word版)被动语态的用法
被动语态的用法学习被动语态的几个问题被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，表示句子中的主语是动作的承受者，汉语往往用“被"、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义。
1. 被动语态的各种时态被动语态(The Passive Voice）是动词的一种形式，表示主语是谓语动词的承受者。
被动语态便于论述客观事实，故常用于科技文章、新闻报道、书刊介绍以及景物描写.被动语态没有将来进行时、过去将来进The boy is called Johnson.2）一般过去时 Where were you educated?3）一般将来时 The result will not be announced until 6 o’clock.4）现在进行时 The road is being repaired。
5）过去进行时 He was being looked after by his sister.6)现在完成时 She hasn’t been told about it yet.7）过去完成时 She told me that the factory had been closed down.8）将来完成时 This project will have been completed by the end of this year.2。
主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题。
（1)时态保持一致。
The teacher punished him many times for his lateness。
He has been punished many times for his lateness。
(2)谓语为动词短语的被动语态不能丢掉动词短语的介词或副词。
His best friend often looks after him.被动语态He is often looked after by his best friend。
(3）主动语态中若有双宾语，将其中一个宾语变为被动句的主语,另一个宾语不变。
(完整word版)初中英语被动语态(精讲+精练).pdf
被动语态语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。
汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等被动词来表示被动意义一、语态结构比较语态时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时①am\is\are ②do/does(V.\V.s) am\is\are+done(V. p.p)一般将来时will\be going to\be(about)to+do(V.) will+be+done(V. p.p)一般过去时①was\were ②did(V.-ed) was\were+done(V. p.p)现在进行时am\is\are+doing(V.-ing) am\is\are+being+done(V. p.p)过去进行时was\were+doing(V.-ing) was\were+being+done(V.p.p)现在完成时have\has+done(V. p.p.) have\has+been+done(V. p.p)过去完成时had+done(V. p.p.) had+been+done(V. p.p.)情态动词情态动词+V. 情态动词+be+done(V. p.p.)过去将来时would/should +V. would/should be +done(V. p.p.)二、变被动句步骤1、把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语2、把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。
3、原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。
4、其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。
主动语态变为被动语态例句：一般现在时：主：We believe him. 被：He is believed by us.一般过去时：主：He bought his children some pens. 被：Some pens were bought for his children by him.一般将来时：主：Everyone will know the truth soon . 被：The truth will be known by everyone. 现在进行时：主：Mary is making a doll. 被：A doll is being made by Mary.过去进行时：主：They were carrying the hurt player. 被：The hurt player was being carried by them .现在完成时：主：He has received the letter. 被：The letter has been received by him.过去完成时：主：They had built ten bridges. 被：Ten bridges had been built by them.三、一般用法1.一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are +及物动词的过去分词Our classroom is cleaned everyday.I am asked to study hard by my mother.Knives are used for cutting things.2.一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词The new shop was built last year.Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.3.现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been +及物动词的过去分词This book has been translated into many languages.Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.4.一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词A new hospital will be built in our city.Many more trees will be planted next year.5.含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词Young trees must be watered often.Your mistakes should be corrected right now.The door may be locked inside.Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.6.现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being +及物动词的过去分词Uncl e Wang is mending my bike now.→My bike is being repaired by Tom now.They are planting trees over there. →Trees are being planted over there by them.7.不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词There are two books to be read. →There are twenty more trees to be planted.四、特殊用法1.不及物动词无被动语态。
(完整word版)被动语态讲解及练习题
被动语态(the Passive V oice)用法小结一．语态语态是表示主语和谓语的关系的。
如果主语是动作的执行者,动词要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者,动词就要用被动语态。
二．被动语态的基本结构 be + 过去分词(人称.数。
时态的变化都体现在助动词be的变化上）e。
g. People use English freely. （主动句）English is used （by people) freely. （被动句）三．几种时态的被动语态１．一般现在时结构：主语＋am / is / are +donee.g. 主动句：She cleans her room every day。
被动句:Her room is cleaned (by her） every day. (肯定句）否定句：Her room isn’t cleaned （by her） every day.一般疑问句：Is her room cleaned (by her) every day？注意：被动句的be助动词的变化应按被动句中新主语的人称和数而变化,其时态应与主动句的时态一致．2。
一般过去时结构：主语＋was / were +donee.g。
主动句：The workers made the VCD last week。
被动句:The VCD was made by the workers last week。
(肯定句）否定句： The VCD wasn't made by the workers last week.一般疑问句：Was the VCD made by the workers last week？3. 一般将来时结构：主语＋will be +donee。
g。
主动句：My father will send me to America soon。
被动句: 肯定句：I will be sent to America by my father soon。
(完整word版)初中英语被动语态讲解-练习及答案
被动语态一、考点、热点回顾【词汇辨析】1.across, through 穿过across指从一定范围的一边到另一边。
动作是在物体的表面进行。
常用于横穿街道、河流，穿过桥梁等。
eg: They walk across the bridge. 他们步行走过了这座桥。
through 侧重从物体的内部空间穿过，动作是在物体内部进行。
常用于门、窗户、森林等。
eg: He walks through the park. 他步行穿过公园。
2.ill，sick“生病的”。
ill只在系动词后作表语eg: Her mother was ill in bed.sick 既可作表语eg: Her mother was sick in bed.也可作定语eg: Jane is taking care of her sick mother.若ill作定语，译为“坏的，恶劣的”eg: an ill person一个坏人sick作表语时也常译为“恶心的，想吐的“eg: The boy always feels sick when he travels by car.【固定搭配】动词+ 名词/ 代词/ 副词+ 介词make room for给.....腾出地方eg: We can make room for her at this table.play a joke on戏弄人；对人恶作剧eg: We can’t play a joke on law.speak highly of称赞eg: The customs speak highly of their quality of service.say good bye to告别；告辞eg:I don't want to say good bye to them.take an active part in积极参加eg: They take an active part in school activities.take care of照顾；照料；注意eg: Could you take care of my plants while I'm on vacation?【被动语态】（一）语态：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
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初中英语被动语态专项讲解一、语态概述语态是动词的一种形式，表示句子之中主语和谓语动词的关系。
英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的发出者（或执行者）eg：Many people speak Chinese.谓语：speak 的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
eg：Chinese is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
(被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由助动词或第一个助动词构成。
)各种时态的被动语态构成：1.一般现在时：am／is／are＋及物动词的过去分词Eg：I'm asked to take care of myself.Football is played all over the world2.一般过去时：was／were＋及物动词的过去分词Eg：This house was built in 1958.His leg was broken in an accident.3.一般将来时：will／shall be＋及物动词的过去分词Eg：More factories will be built in our city.He will be taken to hospital tomorrow.4.现在进行时：am／is／are being＋及物动词的过去分词.Eg： A road is being built around the mountain.Many new houses are being built in this city5.过去进行时：was/were being＋及物动词的过去分词Eg：The meeting was being held when I was there.We were being trained this time last year.6.现在完成时：have／has been＋及物动词的过去分词Eg：His book has been translated into many foreign languages.The prices of many goods have been cut again .7.过去完成时：had been + 及物动词的过去分词Eg：A new school had been set up by the end of last year.8.含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词Eg：The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.三、被动语态的基本用法一般来说，在我们日常生活中，能用主动语态的时候就尽量不去用被动语态。
只有在下列情况中我们才用被动语态：1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。
eg：1).Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。
2).This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。
3).The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday. 昨天，教室的前窗被打2.没不要说出动作的执行者是谁。
Eg:1).The time-table has been changed .时间表已变动了2).China was founded in 1949.3.不愿意说出动作的执行者，其目的是为了使语言得体、圆滑等。
在这种情况下，有时常用一些句式，如"It is said that…"（据说……），"It is reported that …"（据报道……），It is well known that …（众所周知……）It is supposed that（据推测说……），It is believed that…大家相信，It is hoped that…大家希望，It is thought that…大家认为，It is suggested that…据建议等等’。
eg:1.It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner.据说她要嫁给一个外国人。
2.It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. （＝The boy issaid to have passed the national exam. ）4.强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
Eg:1).The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。
2).his book was written by him.这本书是他写的。
3）.Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。
注：使用被动语态的情况口诀：动作谁做的不知道，谁说出的不必要。
接受动作需强调，用被动语态最为妙。
四、主动语态变被动语态的方法：1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
2.把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。
3.把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。
He plant trees in sping .Trees are planted in sping by him .主动语态变被动语态口诀：宾语提前主语变，原主变宾by后见，时态人称be关键。
All the people laughed at him. → He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory.→The bikes are made by them in the factory.He cut down a tree. → A tree was cut down by him.被动语态中“by+宾语”的省略：被动语态句式中的“by+宾语”表示及物动词所表示动作的执行者，但是在遇到以下情况时，表示动作执行者“by+宾语”常常被省略。
1.动作执行者不确定时Eg:1.Paper is made from wood .2.Many people are killed in traffic accidents every day .2.不必表明动作执行者时Eg：1.English is also spoken as the second language as well as one of the official languages .2.Football is played in most school .3.动作执行者为一般大众时.Eg:1.Both English and Spanish are spoken in this area .2.He is made the monitor of the class today .五．主动语态变被动语态应注意的几个问题：谈谈几种特殊的被动结构1.当句子结构为“主语+谓语+宾语（唯一宾语）”时，把宾语提到句首做主语，然后把谓语改成被动语态形式，最后把原主语变为宾格至于介词by之后。
实际运用中by短语常被省略。
Eg：1.We finish our homework in the evening .2.Our homework is finished in the evening .2. 当句子结构为“主语+谓语+间接宾语(表示人的)+直接宾语（表示物的）”时，一般把间接宾语变为主语，而直接宾语不变，这样句子显得自然些。
如果把直接宾语作为主语，那么在间接宾语前应加介词to或for.Eg:1.She sent me a novel on my birthday. (主动) →I was sent a novel on my birthday. (被动)A novel was sent to me on my birthday. (被动)2.My brother bought me a watch yesterday. (主动) →I was bought a watch yesterday. (被动)A watch was bought for me by my brother yesterday.(被动)注意：1).间接宾语前需要加for的动词，buy ,sing ,catch ,find ,get,drow ,cook ,keep ,make，offer 等。
2).间接宾语前需要加to的动词，bring ,give ,pass ,hand ,leave ,show ,write ,take ,teach ,tell ,thow ,lend,send ,return 等3.当句子结构为“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”把主动态变成被动态时，只需将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态句子的主语，而原句里的宾语补足语现在就变成被动态句子的"主语补足语"了eg：1.They asked me to help them. →I was asked to help them.2.Now people can use computers to help them →.comouter can be used to help them .3.We must keep the room clean . → The room must be kept clean .4.We saw them coming over. →They were seen coming over.如果复合宾语是由“宾语+不带to的动词不定式”构成，变为被动语态时，动词不定式前的to 要补出来。
常见的这类动词有：一感（feel），二听（hear，listen to ）三让（let ,make ,have ）四看（watch ,see ,notice ,observe,+look at ）但动词为let时，to仍可省略。
Eg:1.The story made us laugh . →We were made to laugh by the story.2.The teacher let the little boy go home . →The little boy was let (to) go home .4.含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动语态变成被动语态时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。