英语词汇学复习题
1.D
2.B
3.B
4.C
5.B
6.D
7.C
8.C
9.A 10.B11.C 12.A 13.C 14.C 15.C 16.meanings17.morphological, historical, usages 18. semantics, lexicography19.diachronic20. vocabulary21 derivation https://www.360docs.net/doc/7a6927405.html,position, compounds 23. Conversion 24 Blending(pormanteau) 25.clipping
1.According to the degree of similarity, homonyms can be classified into( )
A. perfect homonyms
B. homonyms
C. homophones
D. all the above
2.Transfer as a mode of semantic change can be illustrated by the example( )
A. ad for “advertisement”
B. dish for “food"
C. fond for “affectionate”
D. an editorial for “an editorial article"
3.It is a general belief that the meaning does not exist in the word itself, but it rather spreads over( )
A. the reader’s interpretation
B. the neighbouring words
C. the writer's intention
D. the etymology of the word
4.Which of the following is a prefix of time and order?
A. extra-
B. pro-
C. re-
D. semi-
5.Which of the following dictionaries is not a specialized dictionary?
A. The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology
B. Chamber's Encyclopedic English Dictionary
C. Longmont Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs
D. Webster's New Dictionary of Synonyms
6.Which of the following statements is Not true?
A. Reference is the relationship between language and the world.
B. The relationship between a word and its referent is arbitrary.
C. Concept is universal to all men alike.
D. Sense denotes the relationships outside the language.
7.The words which occur before or after a word and may affect its meaning form( )
A. physical context
B. grammatical context
C. lexical context
D. linguistic context
8."Smith is an architect. He designed World Trade Center. "The clue provided in the context is( )
A. definition
B. explanation
C. example
D. hyponym
9.The term "vocabulary" is used in different ways because of all the following reasons EXCEPT that( )
A. it can refer to the common core of a language
B. it can refer to the total number of the words in a language
C. it can represent all the words used in a certain historical period
D. it can stand for words in given dialect or field
10.The idiom "a dark horse" is a( )
A. simile
B. metaphor
C. metonymy
D. personification
11.An idiom differs from a free phrase in that the former is ( ) and the latter is not.
A. structurally changeable
B. semantically analyzable
C. structurally fixed
D. easily understood
12.We can work out the meaning of heliocentric and geocentric according to( )
A. morphological structure
B. relevant details
C. grammatical structure
D. physical context
13.What causes the ambiguity of the sentence ”I like Mary better than Janet"? ()
A. V ocabulary
B. Situation
C. Structure
D. None of the above
14.Early Modern English refers to the language spoken( )
A. from 1066 to 1500
B. from 1150 to 1500
C. from 1500 to 1700
D. from 1600 to 1800
15.Affixes added to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships are known as ( )
A. bound roots
B. free morphemes
Part Two (10×2’＝20’)
Directions: Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions
16.Lexicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and __ _ of words.
17.English lexicology aims at investigating and studying the _____ ___ structures of English words and word equivalents, their semantics, relations, __ development, formation and ____ _. 18.English lexicology embraces other academic disciplines, such as morphology, __ __,etymology, stylistics,
____ _.
19.There are generally two approaches to the study of words , namely synchronic and ___ _.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/7a6927405.html,nguage study involves the study of speech sounds, grammar and_____ _.
21. Affixation is generally defined as the formation of words by adding word-forming or derivational affixes to stem. This process is also known as____
https://www.360docs.net/doc/7a6927405.html,pounding , also called ____ __, is the formation of new words by joining two or more stems . Words formed in this way are called _____ __.
23. ______ _ is the formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class.
24. ______ __ is the formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another word . Words formed in this way are called blends or__ _ words.
25 A common way of making a word is to shorten a longer word by cutting a part off the original and using what remains instead. This is called ___ _.
26. dictionary: Dictionary is a book which presents in alphabetical order the words of a language, with information as to their spelling, pronunciation, meaning usage, etc.
27.pejoration: Degradation or pejoration of meaning is the opposite of semantic elevation. It is a process whereby words of good origin fall into ill reputation or non-affective words come to be used in derogatory sense.
28. idioms nominal in nature: 1.Each idiom has a noun as the key word.
2. Each functions as a noun/also knows as noun idioms.
29. Germanic: a term used to refer to a branch of the Indo-European language family, which consists of English, German, Dutch, etc.
30. allomorph: one of the variants that realize a morpheme.
Analyze and comment on the following.
31. How do you distinguish inflectional affixes and derivational affixes?
Derivational affixes change the meaning of the base(e.g.,create vs. creat-ive), while inflectional affixes do not(e.g.,wait vs.wait-ed).
32. Analyze the morphological structures of the following words and point out the types of the morphemes: unfriendly, interpersonal, foretelling.
1.Each of the three words consists of three morphemes unfriendly(un+friend+ly), interpersonal(inter+person+al), foretelling(fore+tell+ing).
2.All the rest are bound as none of them can stand alone as words.
1. B
2. D
3. A
4. B
5. A
6. D
7. B
8. D
9. D 10. B 11. B 12. C 13. A 14. B15. C
16 D 17.A 18.G 19.H 20.J 21.I 22.E 23.B 24.F 25.C
1. Degradation can be illustrated by the following example[ ]
A. lewd → ignorant
B. silly → fooli sh
C. last → pleasure
D. knave → boy
2. Homophones are often employed to create puns for desired effects of: [ ]
A. humour
B. sarcasm
C. ridicule
D. all the above
3. The four major modes of semantic change are _____. [ ]
A. extension, narrowing, elevation and degradation
B. extension, generalization, elevation and degradation
C. extension, narrowing, specialization and degradation
D. extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation
4. The use of one name for that of another associated with it is rhetorically called_____.[]
A. synecdoche
B. metonymy
C. substitution
D. metaphor
5. Idioms adjectival in nature function as _____. [ ]
A. adjectives
B. attributes
C. modifiers
D. words
6. Grammatical context refers to _____ in which a word is used. [ ]
A. vocabulary
B. grammar
C. semantic pattern
D. syntactic structure
7. In the idiom 'in good feather', we change 'good' into 'high, full' without changing meaning. This change of constituent is known as _____ . [ ]
A. addition
B. replacement
C. position-shifting
D. variation
8. The word "laconic" is _____. [ ]
A. onomatopoeically motivated
B. morphologically motivated
C. semantically motivated
D. etymologically motivated
9. CCELD is distinctive for its _____. [ ]
A. clear grammar codes
B. language notes
C. usage notes
D. extra columns
10.Which of the following words is NOT formed through clipping? [ ]
A. Dorm
B. motel
C. Gent
D. Zoo
11.Old English has a vocabulary of about _____ words. [ ]
A. 30,000 to 40,000
B. 50,000 to 60,000
C. 70,000 to 80,000
D. 80,000 to 90,000
12. _____ are bound morphemes because they cannot be used as separate words. [ ]
A. Roots
B. Stems
C. Affixes
D. Compounds
13. Besides French words, English also absorbed as many as 2,500 words of _____ in the Middle English period. [ ]
A. Dutch origin
B. Danish origin
C. Latin origin
D. Greek origin
14. A word is a symbol that _____ . [ ]
A. is used by the same speech community
B. represents something else in the world
C. is both simple and complex in nature
D.shows different ideas in different sounds
15.Some words in the basic word stock are said to be stable because they _____. [ ]
A. are complex words.
B. are technical words
C. refer to the commonest things in life.
D. denote the most important concepts.
Directions:Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) types of
motivation 2) types of meaning.
A B
16. Onomotopooeic motivation ( ) A. tremble with fear
17. Collocative meaning ( ) B. skinny
18. Morphological motivation ( ) C. slender
19. Connotative meaning ( ) D. hiss
20. Semantic motivation ( ) E. laconic
21. Stylistic meaning ( ) F. sun (a heavenly body)
22.Etymological motivation ( ) G.airmail
23. Pejorative ( ) H. home
24. Conceptual meaning ( ) I. horse and plug
25. Appreciative meaning ( ) J. pen and aword
26.Translation loan: Translation-loans are words and expressions formed from the existing material in the
English language but modelled on the patterns taken from another language.
27.Clipping: is a way of making new words which involves the shortening a longer word by cutting a part off
the original and using what remains instead.
28.Connotation:Conversion is the formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class.
29.Aliens: are borrowed words which have retained their original pronunciation and spelling.
30.Extra-linguistic context:refers to those situations and features which are not directly a part of the
language in use but which either contribute in conveying a message or have an influence on language use.
(完整版)英语词汇学英语词汇学习题3及答案
试题三 第一部分选择题 I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%) 1.According to the degree of similarity, homonyms can be classified into ( ) A. perfect homonyms B. homonyms C. homophones D. all the above 2.Transfer as a mode of semantic change can be illustrated by the example ( ) A. ad for “advertisement” B. dish for “food" C. fond for “affectionate” D. an editorial for “an editorial article" 3.It is a general belief that the meaning does not exist in the word itself, but it rather spreads over ( ) A. the reader’s interpretation B. the neighbouring words C. the writer's intention D. the etymology of the word 4.Which of the following is a prefix of time and order? A. extra- B. pro- C. re- D. semi- 5.Which of the following dictionaries is not a specialized dictionary? A. The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology B. Chamber's Encyclopedic English Dictionary C. Longmont Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs D. Webster's New Dictionary of Synonyms 6.Which of the following statements is Not true? A. Reference is the relationship between language and the world. B. The relationship between a word and its referent is arbitrary. C. Concept is universal to all men alike. D. Sense denotes the relationships outside the language. 7.The words which occur before or after a word and may affect its meaning form ( ) A. physical context B. grammatical context C. lexical context D. linguistic context 8."Smith is an architect. He designed World Trade Center. "The clue provided in the context is ( ) A. definition B. explanation C. example D. hyponym 9.The term "vocabulary" is used in different ways because of all the following reasons EXCEPT that ( ) A. it can refer to the common core of a language B. it can refer to the total number of the words in a language C. it can represent all the words used in a certain historical period D. it can stand for words in given dialect or field 10.The idiom "a dark horse" is a ( ) A. simile B. metaphor
00832英语词汇学1107全国试题
全国2011年7月高等教育自学考试 英语词汇学试题 课程代码：00832 I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30 %) 1. Grammarians insist that a word be a __________ form that can function in a sentence. ( ) A. small B. large C. fixed D. free 2. In the earliest stage of English, the written form of a word should ________ that of the oral form. ( ) A. agree with B. disagree with C. be the same as D. be different from 3. ____________consists of technical terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas as in medicine, mathematics, etc. ( ) A. Terminology B. Jargon C. Slang D. Argot 4. Social, economic and political changes bring about such new words as the followings EXCEPT_________. ( ) A. fast food B. TV dinner C. Mao jackets D. Watergate 5. Reviving archaic words also contributes to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, “loan”, which was prevalent in the thirteenth century, was replaced by “ __________ ” in American English. ( ) A. own B. let C. rent D. lend 6. If we say that Old English was a language of __________ endings, Middle English was one of leveled endings. ( ) A. full B. short C. long D. paralleled 00832# 英语词汇学试卷第1页共6页
现代英语词汇学概论最强版复习资料chapter
现代英语词汇学概论最强版复习资料c h a p t e r 文件管理序列号：[K8UY-K9IO69-O6M243-OL889-F88688]
Chapter 9 Changes in Word Meaning 9.1 Causes of Changes in Word Meaning 9.2 Four Tendencies in Semantic Change 9.3 Semantic Development or Change Resulting from the Figurative Use of Words Definition: Change of meaning refers to the alteration of the meaning of existing words, as well as the addition of new meaning to established words. 9.1 Causes of Changes in Word Meaning A.Historical cause 历史原因 It often happens that though a word retains its original form ,its meaning has changed because the object which it denotes has changed . *Changes of meaning because of increased knowledge of the object described are common in the history of science. Eg. pencil ==is from a Latin word meaning “a little tail” or “a fine brush”, like our Chinese “pen”毛笔.Later, when it was made of wood and graphite ,it was still called a “pencil”. atom ==It was borrowed though Latin and French from Greek arouos,invisible. Thus atom meant originally “an particle too small to be divided”. This meaning is now out-of-date, because scientist have found out that atom can be split.
(完整版)全国英语词汇学(00832)高等教育自学考试试题与答案
全国高等教育自学考试 英语词汇学试题 课程代码：00832 Ⅰ．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1．According to semanticists, a word is a unit of ______.（） A．meaning B．Sound C．combination of sounds D．Group 2．The pronunciation has changed ______ spelling over the years.（） A．more slowly than B．As quickly as C．more rapidly than D．Not so quickly as 3．Words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by ______.（）A．use frequency B．notion C．origin D．sound 4．Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT______.（） A．green revolution B．fast food C．moon walk D．space shuttle 5．Semantic change means an old form which takes on a new ______ to meet the new need. （）A．form B．meaning C．look D．pronunciation 6．Reviving archaic words also contribute to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, in American English “fall” means ______ in British English.（） A．four B．fell C．for D．autumn 7．The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /s/after the following sounds EXCEPT ______. （）A．/t/ B．/g/ C．/p/ D．/k/ 英语词汇学试卷第 1 页共9 页
2000年至2012年全国自考英语词汇学试卷参考答案
参考答案 2000年4月份高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语词汇学试题参考答案 Ⅰ.1.A 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.D 9.B 10.C 11.D 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.D Ⅱ.(10%) 16.transfer 17.OLD English 18.monolingual 19.semantically 20.extralinguistic/non-linguistic Ⅲ.21.D 22.F 23.A 24.J 25.B 26.C 27.I 28.E 29.G 30.H Ⅳ. 31.bound root 32.（head+tail）blinding 33.inflectional affix/morpheme 34.a+n 35.full conversion 36.suffix 37.reversativ 38.prefix of degree 39.prefix 40.number prefix Ⅴ.41.The process of forming new words by joining the initial letters of names of organizations or special noun phrases and technical terms. 42.Native words, also known as Anglo-Saxon words, are words brought to Britian in the 5th century by the Germanic tribes. 43.The process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importance. 44.The distinctive stylistic features of words which make them appropriate for different context. 45.A dictionary written in one language, or a dictionary in which entries are defined in the same language. Ⅵ.46.There are four types of motivation: 1）Onomatopoeic motivation, e.g. cuckoo, squeak, quack, etc. 2）Morphological motivation, e.g. airmail, reading-lamp, etc. 3）Semantic motivation, e.g. the mouth of the river, the foot of the mountain, etc. 4）Etymological motivation, e.g. pen, laconic, etc. 47.Key points:borrowing; dialects and regional English; figurative and euphemistic use of words; coincidence with idiomatic expressions. 48.Key points:definition; explanation; example; synonymy; antonymy; hyponymy; relevant details and word structure. Ⅶ.49. 1）Each of the three words consists of three morphemes, recollection （re+collect+ion）,nationalist（nation+al+ist）,unearthly（un+earth+ly）. 2）Of the nine morphemes, only "collect","nation" and "earth" are free morphemes as they can exist by themselves. 3）All the rest re-,-ion,-al,-ist,un- and -ly are bound as none of them can stand alone as words. 50. 1）the stitch in time ----- a stitch in time saves nine（3分） 2）proverbs are concise, forcible and thought-provoking（1分） 3）using an old saying is more persuasive（2分） 4）the short form saves time, more colloquial（2分） 5）indicates intimacy or close relationship（1分）
英语词汇学考试重点整理
Explain the following terms 一1) free morpheme/ A free morpheme is one that can be uttered发出，表达alone with meaning. It can exist on its own without a bound morpheme. In the traditional sense, a free morpheme is a word. 例如hand ,eat, get 2) bound form/never used as sentences. – ess in countess, lioness and duchess –ish in boyish, childish and greenish –s in hats, books and cups 3) function words/ function words are often short words, they do not have much lexical meaning and some of them have no lexical meaning of their own; They are often short words such as determiners限定词, conjunctions连词, prepositions介词, auxiliaries辅助物, and so forth. 如to, the , of , by 4) content words实词/ They are used to name objects, qualities, actions, processes or states, and have independent lexical meaning. They are the nouns, main verbs, adjectives形容词and adverbs副词of a language. 二1) syntheti c综合的language / inflectional grammatical markers, French, German and Russian. 2) analytic language/word order, prepositions or auxiliary verbs , English and Chinese 3) Indo-European family of languages/ Europe and parts of Southern Asia Eight groups 三1) morphemes /The morpheme is the smallest meaningful linguistic unit of language, not divisible可分的or analyzable into smaller forms. 2) allomorphs/variants变体of the same morphem如im-, ir-, il- : allomorphs of the morpheme in- 3) root / is the basic unchangeable part of a word, and it conveys the main lexical meaning of the word. work able, work er, work ed, and work ing 4) stem /A stem is of concern only when dealing with inflectional morphology. Inflectional (but not derivational) affixes are added to it. It is the part of word-form which remains when all inflectional affixes have been removed. 如undesirables, undesirable; desired, desire 5) base / A base is any form to which affixes of any kind can be added. Desirable, desire - base and root, not stem; undesirable, desirable-base, not root and stem 6) inflectional affixes/A inflectional affix serves to express such meanings as plurality复数, tense, and the comparative比较的or superlative 最高的degree. 如-s, -ed, -er, -est 7) derivational affixes / When they are added to another morpheme, they derive a new word. re+write, mini+car, super+market, modern+ize, work+er 8) compounding 复合法/Compounding is a word-formation process consisting of combining two or more bases to form a compound word 9) derivation 派生法/Derivation or affixation is generally defined as a word-formation process by which new words are created by adding a prefix or a suffix or both to the base 10) conversion 转化法/Conversion is a word-formation process in which a word of a certain word-class is shifted into a word of another word-class without the addition of an affix. 11) initialism/It is a type of shortening, using the first letters of words to form a proper name, a technical term, or a phrase. 12) acronym首字母缩略词/Acronyms are words formed from the initial letters of the name of an organization or a scientific term, etc. Acronyms differ from initialisms in that they are pronounced as words rather than as sequences of letters. 13) blending拼缀/Blending is a process of word-formation in which a new word is formed by
(完整版)英语词汇学试题
英语词汇学试题 Introduction and Chapter 1 Basic Concepts of Words and Vocabula ry（练习1） I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement. 1.Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words, primarily through the use of _________construct. A. word B. form C. morpheme D. root 2.________ is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words. A. Semantics B. Linguistics C. Etymology D. Stylistics 3.Modern English is derived from the language of early ______ tribes. A. Greek B. Roman C. Italian D. Germanic 4. Semantics is the study of meaning of different _________ levels: lexis, syntax, utterance, discourse, etc. A. linguistic B. grammatical C. arbitrary D. semantic 5.Stylistics is the study of style . It is concerned with the user’s choices of linguistic elements in a particular________ for special effects A. situation B. context C. time D. place 6.Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form , meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a _______ difference. A . spelling B. semantic C. pronunciation D. pragmatic 7. Terminology consists of _______ terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas. A. technical B. artistic C. different D. academic 8. __________refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences, trades, and professions communicate among themselves. A. Slang B. Jargon C. Dialectal words D. Argot 9 ._________ belongs to the sub-standard language, a category that seems to stand between the standard general words including informal ones available to everyone and in-group words. A. Jargon B. Argot C. Dialectal words D. Slang 10. Argot generally refers to the jargon of _______.Its use is confined to the sub-cultural groups and outsiders can hardly understand it. A. workers B. criminals C. any person D. policeman 11.________ are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question. A. Argot B. Slang C. Jargon D. Dialectal words 12. Archaisms are words or forms that were once in _________use but are now restricted only to specialized or limited use. A. common B. little C. slight D. great 13. Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on ______meanings. A. new B. old C. bad D. good 14. Content words denote clear notions and thus are known as_________ words. They include nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and numerals. A. functional B. notional C. empty D. formal 15. Functional words do not have notions of their own. Therefore, they are also called _______words. Prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliaries and articles belong to this category. A. content B. notional C. empty D. new
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广东外语外贸大学 英语教育学院 《英语词汇》12--13学年度第一学期期末考试试题A卷考核对象：11 级通选考试时间：80分钟 I. Multiple choices. Choose the one that is most appropriate for the sentence.(20*1) 1. After the , the Germanic tributes called Angles, Saxons and Jutes came in great numbers. A. Greeks B. Indians C. Romans D. French 2. Adulthood contains . A. concrete denominal noun suffix B. abstract denominal noun suffix C. de-adjective noun suffix D. deverbal noun suffix 3. Utopia, Odyssey and Babbitt are words from . A. names of books B. names of places C. names of people D. tradenames 4.Which of the following words are opaque words? A richness B abstraction C free D transparent 5.Which word can be used before nouns ? A coward B motherly C deeply D loudly 6. The meaning of the phrase “covered court” is______. A 室内场地 B 重要人员到齐 C 被完全包围的地方 D 结果已定的案件 7. “Have a crush on someone” means__________ in Chinese. A 与某人有矛盾 B 与某人意见一致 C 喜欢某人 D 饶恕某人 8. “Bring down the house” means__________ in Chinese. A 赢得喝彩 B 封锁现场 C 集中起来 D 无理取闹 9. “Pull up one’s socks” means__________ in Chinese. A 戏弄某人 B 鼓起勇气 C 小心翼翼 D 取代某人
英语词汇学复习题(A)
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2012词汇学复习资料 The development of the English Vocabulary 1.Indo-European Language Family The Indo-European Language Family is considered as one of the most important language families. It includes most languages of Europe, the Near East, and India. Those languages, which are believed to have originated from this language family and developed alone different lines, show various degrees of similarity to one another. They fall into eight principal groups, which can be grouped into an Eastern Set东部诸语族: Balto-Slavic波罗的-斯拉夫语, Indo-Iranian印度伊朗语族, Armenian 亚美尼亚语族and Albanian阿尔巴尼亚语族; a Western Set: 西部诸语族Celtic凯尔特语族, Italic 意大利语族, Hellenic希腊语族, Germanic日尔曼语族. All the languages in both sets shed some influence on English to a greater or lesser extent because each has lent words into the English vocabulary. Prussian普鲁士语 Lithuanian立陶宛语 Polish波兰语 Balto-Slavic波罗的-斯拉夫语Czech捷克斯洛伐克语 Bulgarian保加利亚语 Slovenian斯洛文尼亚语 Russian Albanian阿尔巴尼亚 Persian波斯语 Hindi北印度语 Indo-Iranian印度伊朗语系Bengali孟加拉语 Romany，吉卜赛语 Armenian亚美尼亚语 Portuguese Spanish Italic意大利语族Italian Roumanian罗马尼亚语 French Indo-European Language Family Irish Celtic凯尔特语Breton Scottish Norwegian挪威语 Icelandic，冰岛语 Danish丹麦语 Germanic Swedish瑞典语 日尔曼语言English Dutch Flemish German Hellenic，古希腊语- Greek