《英语论文写作教程》第三章练习答案
英语写作基础教程答案第三版 丁往道chapter3
英语写作基础课后答案2.2段落展开1)定义法2)分类法3)举例法8)比较法4)列举法9)因果法5)过程描述法10)举例法6)比较法7)过程描述法23段落的统一与连贯1.1)(4)(6)2)(2)(5)3)(3)(4)1)cba 2)badc 3)ecabdf4)cadbef1)(1)First 2)so 3)however 4)As a result 5) Finally2)(1)First(2)Otherwise(3)On the other hand(4) Second(6)In contrast(7)Third第三章篇章写作3.1篇章结构3.1.1开头段1)提问法2)定义法3)开门见山、点明主题法4)引语法5)定义法6)数据法3.1.3结尾段046%口11:451)提问式结尾2)归纳总结式结尾4)引语式结尾5)提问式结尾3.2英语写作常用文体l.1)说明文2)议论文Il.(For reference only)3)叙述文(5)However(8)And(9)But(10)In spiteof3)个人见解式结尾6)归纳总结式结尾Spring Festival is a wonderful time of the year to spend with one's family. People who work and study far away from their homes come back.Theytell each other about their work and life,exchange gifts and eat lots of delicious food with their family members.Spring Festival is also a great time to visit one'sfriends.During the holiday, many people go to see their friends and share their interesting stories or workexperiences.Students love to go out with their formerclassmates and enioy talking about their life.Manystudents also like to visit their teachers and wish them a happy new year However, there are times during the Spring Festival when it's nice iust to be by yourself. You can read novels that you never seem to have time to read at school.You can watch your favorite TV programs athome.You can have a quiet walk in your neighborhood or in a park nearby and think about your busy life. Spring Festival is an enjoyable time for everyone46%口11:46II(For reference only)A proverb says,“Time is money.” But in my opinion time is even moreprecious than money because when money is spent, we can earn it back; but when time is gone, it will never return.Thus we must value time.Time passes very quickly.Some students say they do not have enough time for all their lessons.Actually they do not know how to make use of their time.They spend their precious time smoking,drinking, chatting, playing games and doing other useless things.They don't realize that wasting time is equal to wasting a part of their valuable life.Today we are living in the twenty-first century.We know that time is life.When a person dies, his time has ended.Since life is short,we should devote our time and energy to our studies so that we will be able to serve our country and society.We should form thehabit of saving time.We shouldn 't put off what can be done today till tomorrow Laziness will not only bring us failure but also lead us to the road of poverty.。
英语论文写作课后答案
英语论文写作课后答案英语论文写作课后答案文件编码（008-TTIG-UTITD-GKBTT-PUUTI-WYTUI-8256）修辞1、Her rich relatives rained birthday presents on her only son.2、Wrong ideas may hurm a man just like deseaes.3、Some words may be defaced by careless usage.4、The leaves are trembling in the cold wind.5、The storm was so angry that it wanted to destroy everything in itsway.6、Many people bowed before Force,but eventually Force wouldsurrender to Reason.7、Selfless people are like cows, which eat straw but produce milk.8、“What do you think of the roast duck” “Not bad.”9、His friends praised his daughter’s performances to the skies.10、His writing is clear and clean.11、His unfriendly tongue surprised her.12、There is fertile soil for popular music in China today.答案：隐喻，明喻隐喻隐喻隐喻拟人明喻缩小夸大头韵换喻隐喻Simile metaphor synecdoche metonymy personification overstatement understatement改错1、Our host entertained us with many interesting stories of adventure,he had been a member of an exploration team working inthe Arctic.Our host,who had been a member of an exploration team working in Arctic,entertained us with many interesting stories of adventure.2、When I woke up I saw him asleep in bed,I had not heard him when hecame I had been sleeping soundly.When I woke up, I saw him asleep in bed,I had not heard him when he came back,because I had been sleeping soundly.3、Liu always did his work a little better than his fellow workers,that was why he got higher pay than other.Liu always did his work a little better than his fellow workers ,and that was why he got higher pay than other.4、No student could answer the question ,even Yao, who was usuallyquick in answering questions ,was silent.No student could answer that question. Even yao,who was usually quick in answering questions,was silent.5、Lin looks like Li,however,they are not related.Lin looks like li;however,they are not related.6、The old man hunched forward. His head tilted at an eyes halfclosed, looking very sleepy.The old man hunched forward,his head tilted at an angle,his eyes half closed,looking very sleepy.7、Their work was well planned ,everybody worked with greatenthusiasm,thus, they overfulfilled their quota.Their work was well planned,and everybody worked withgreat enthusiasm. As a result,they over fulfilled their quota.8、Mark Twain, a well-known American writer,whose experience as apilot on a steamboat was no doubt an important factor that helpedhim to become a famous writer.The experience as a pilot on a steamboat was no doubt an important factor that helped to make Mark Twain,the American writer,to become so famous.改进1.She began to speak very fast at the meeting at ten o’clock.The meeting started at ten o’clock,and she began to speak,she spokevery fast.2.Bernard Shaw was one of the best-known playwrights.Bernard Shaw was one of the best-known English playwrights of the 20th century.3.The houses were mere shanties,and rags were stuffed in the cracksand holes.The houses were shanties,with rags stuffed in the cracks and boles.4.I read the novel on the train,which did not interest me at all.On the train I read the novel,which did not interest me at all.5. A well-dressed man admitted us to the house,and we later learnedthat he was a thief.We later learned that the well-dressed man who admitted us to the housewas a thief.6.I lost some important documents and found them three days policehad helped me.The police helped me to find some important documents which I had lost three days before.7.We entered the shop, and a saleswoman greeted us,and all kinds ofshoes were on the shelves ,and the prices were quite reasonable ,and a lot of customers were buying them.A saleswoman greeted us when we entered the shop. We saw all kinds of shoes on the shelves,and the prices were quite reasonable. A lot of customerswere buying them.8.Tell helen, if she is at home ,I wil come to see her.Tell Helen,if she is at home,that I will come to see her.9.Listening attentively ,a faulty sound was heard.Listening attentively,he/she/I heard a faulty sound.10.On entering the room,no one was seen.L entered the room and saw no one.11.Fred is energetic,capable ,and a man you can rely on.Fred is energetic and capable. You can rely on him.12.The children promised to be careful and that they would returnhome early.The children promised to be careful and return home early.13.Dickens’s novels offer no solution to the social injustices heexposes in them.Dickens’novels offer no solution to the social injunstices exposed to them.14.My watch is either fast or yours is slow.Either my watch is fast,or your watch is slow.15.Glancing out of the window,a beautiful view attracted my attention.A beautiful view out of the window attracted my attention.16.He nearly finished reading ten books during the vacation.He finished reading almost ten books during the vacation.17.If interested in painting, a course can be taken at the eveningschool.If you are interested in paiting,you can take a course at the evening school.18.She said that she would come if she could,but not to wait for her. She said that she would come if she could,but we needn’t wait for her.19.To tell my friend the good news the letter was posted at once.To tell my friends the good news,I posted the letter at once.20.I will go to the lecture,for I like his poems.I will go to the lecture,because I like the speaker’poems.改写句子1、Xu comes from a working-class family. He enrolled in college lastfall.2、The dean issued a bulletin. It said the library would remain openon weekends.3、Last night was a wild thunder roared. The wind blew a rain fellin torrents.4、There are icicles on the trees. The temperature must have fallenconsiderably during the night.5、He returned to his hometown. He had been away for twelve years. Helooked in vain for the familiar landmarks.6、We have made some progress. We still have a long way to go.7、The sky was cloudless. The sun was shining brightly.8、There were over two hundred passengers on board the plane. Aboutone third of them were foreigners.9、The girl began to learn to play the piano when she was a child.Her mother was a fomous pianist.10、Napoleon was born in 1769. At that time Corsica had just beenacquired by France.11、She appeared on the stage. A stormy applause broke forth.12、The gypsies are really a nomadic people from India. They migratedinto Europe. Once they were thought to be Egyptians.13、The new workers are young and inexperienced. They are eager tolearn from the veteran workers.14、It was a poor quarter. There were a lot of small huts. They hadmud walls and straw roofs. They dotted a hillside.15、He heard that his father was ill. He was anxious to gohome to seehim. He went to the station early in the morning to buy a ticket.1.Xu ,who comes from a working-class family,enrolled in college lastfall.2.The dean issued a bulletin,saying/which said the library wouldremain open on weekends./doc/1310307250.html,st night was a wild night,with the thunder roaring , the windblowing a gale and the rain falling in torrents.4.The temperature must have fallen considerably during the night,forthere are icicles on the trees.5.Twelve years later he returned to his hometown,and looked in vainfor the familiar landmarks.6.Although we have made some progress,we still have a long way to go.7.The sky was cloudless and the sun was shining brightly.8.On board the plane there were over two hundred passengers,about onethird of whom were foreigners.9.The girl,whose mother was a fomous pianist,began to learn to playthe piano when she was a child.10.In 1769,when Napoleon was born in Cousica,the island had justbeen acquired by France.11. A stormy applause broke forth the moment ,she appeared on thestage.12.Once thought to be Egytians,the gypsies are really a nomadicpeople from India,who migrated into Europe.13.Young and inexperienced,the new workers are eagere to learn fromthe veteran workers.14.There was a poor quarter on the hillside with a lot of small hutswithmud walls and staw roofs.15.On hearing that his father was illl,be was anxious to go home tosee him,so he went to the station early in the morning to buya ticket.1.The oplum war broke out in 1840.2.Their library has more books than ours.3.He returned home after graduating from college.4.We planned to meet before sunrise in the morning.5.The flood was due to the heavy rain in late spring.6.He was asked to repeat the sentence.7.I play badminton as well as my brother.8.To his friends his attitude was a puzzle.9.These watermelons are large and sweet.10.He did not tell the truth.11. A number of students want to join the drama club.12.He was kind enough to let me share his umbrella.13.The whole class elected zhao their representative.14.I am taking two courses: world history and geography.15.The plane cireled the airport for about ten minutes and thendisappeared.16.I mean that he has not done his work well enough.17.I would like you to consider whether you would like to publishyour recent article on women scientists in china in our journal.18.As he had missed many lectures,he knew that he might fail theexam,19.You must work out an outline for your paper,and then you need tocollect all kinds of material to support your point of view.20.In that country,violent deaths occur every day.21.He is not only a good pianist,but also a good singer.22.This pretty actress keeps appearing in TV serials.23.Students are not allowed to take books out of this reading room.24.According to the speaker,the respongsibility system has helped toincrease production.25.One reason why people are well informed in this city is thatthere are many newspapers easily bought or subscribed to.26.Statistics show that from 1980 to 1990 enrollments at this schooldoubled.27.There are so many workers without training in a particular jobthat production of the factory has been affected.28.There are about 50 patients in this ward,and many are being givenacupuncture treatment.29.He is called james williams.30.Whatever he does,he works seriously and does his best.1.Huang ,the tallest man of the team,is over two meters tall.2.After going bankrupt,social position,reputation and friends,evenlife itself,were no longer interesting to him.3.Unexpectedly,he decided to take the job .4.Under no circumstances will china be the first to use nuclearweapons.5.Of the twenty students in the class,yang alone can do the work.6.As a result of reform and opening-up policy during the past 30years,china has changed a great deal.7.According to newspaper reports,she was the first chinese woman whohad won a gold medal for figure skating in an international contest.8.While serving as a cabin boy on the ship,robert made an attempt todo all the things that the sailor members of the crew usually did.9.Among his neighbors was the famous writer,.10.The patient help of the teachers enabled the students to makegood progress.11.She often helps to improve her comrades’pronunciation.12.Although there are few mistakes in the language,the compositionis not very good,because the content is not interesting.got up a little later than usual on Sunday morning. After washing and a quick breakfast. I started going to town to buy the dictionary recommended by the teacher. At the school gate I saw li ping and ask him if he was going to town too. He said he was ,so we decided to gotogether. All the buses were crowded, and we had to wait for a longtime at the bus stop before we could get on one. An hour later,we got off at a busy street where there were three book stores. We went to the first one and didn’t find the dictionary. In the second one we weretold the dictionary had been sold out. It was in the third that wefinally bought the dictionary. After that li ping and I went to other stores where we bought various things. We returned to school just in time for lunch.2. ludwig van beethovenm,the major composer of th 19th century, overcame many personal miseries to achieve artistic greatness. He was born in bonn,Gemany in 1770,and first shudied music with a court organist. His father,who was given to heavy drinking,was excessively strict. Afterhis mother died,when he was appointed deputy court organist at a surprisingly early age, and he played the harpsichord and the viola at the same time . in the 1792 he went to vicnna to study music under haydn. While remaining unmarried all his life,he was frequentlytroubled by financial worries. He was continually plagued by ill health. The worst happened in 1818 when an ear intechon led to his deamess. However,his writing of music continued in spite of his handicap. Goethe said that beetboven had an”untamed personality”. This may have been true,but his music shows great discinline and control.。
《研究生英语学术论文写作基础》杨炳钧参考答案
《研究生英语学术论文写作基础》教师参考作者：杨炳钧复旦大学出版社，2009年第一部分学术论文基本构件及其写法课前准备【提示】该环节可以让学生充分表达自己的看法，对错可以先不判定，本章学完之后再回过头加以分析。
1) The Method s of Improv e your Oral Englis h in Native Chines e-speaki ng School 【解答】首先，这个标题有语法错误和大小写错误，应当修改为The Method s of Improv ing Your Oral Englis h in Native Chines e-speaki ng School；其次，其中的代词your用得不合适，因为它是一种对话口吻，一般不适宜于学术论文；另外，标题中一般尽可能不用功能词，即介词、冠词、连词等。
如果要改进这个标题，可以表达为Method s of Improv ing Colle ge Students’ Oral Englis h in China等。
2) The studyof Chines e Teachi ng in Thaila nd Overse as School【解答】该标题修饰关系不清，大小写有误，study等多余。
可以改进为Teaching Chinese in Schools in Thaila nd等。
3) A New Opport unity to the moraldevelo pment of ruralleft-behind childr en【解答】该标题大小写有误；new的用法值得考虑，因为除非已经有所谓的opportunity，否则就没有什么new；修饰关系也有问题，尤其是to用得不对。
英语写作基础教程(chapter_3)01
Write a paragraph (to be developed either by time or by process or by space)
知识回顾 Knowledge Review
(example) Development by Space
Mr. Cook, a renowned Americanis bookshelves in a unique way. In the
upper right hand corner, there are books about the
Details or examples are needed to support the main idea.
An outline is worked out (before writing) to put the details in good order. #
An example of an effective paragraph
Chapter 3 Developing Paragraphs (021009b)
An effective paragraph Planning a paragraph Development by time Development by process Development by space (Go to Ex.)
(ways of developing paragraphs)
Development by Time
In telling a story or recounting an event, the easiest and clearest way is to describe things in order of time; earlier things are mentioned before later things, the first thing first and the last thing last. This method is also called chronological sequencing.
写作第三章练习1答案
Each sentence below contains one word that is used incorrectly or inapporpriately. Identify and correct it.1.My teacher says English in our class.( speaks)2.I hope you are my brother.(wish, were)3.This university has nine research institutions affiliated to it. (institutes)4.It took him quite sometime to get to know the new place. (some time)5.People from certain countries who intend to emmigrate to the United States may findit more difficult to get their visas after the 9/11 terrorist attack. (immigrate)6.People who have immigrated from certain countries may find it difficult to regaintheir original citizenship once they have given it up. (emmigrated)7.Don’t worry about it. This is an ordinary mistake everybody makes. (common)8.That’s the end of the discussion. I do not want to talk about it any farther.(further)9.We should lie down some rules before starting the club. (lay)10.When you pay fees online, your account number and credit card password maybestolen by hackers. (may be)11.How much capitol does the company have at the moment? (capital)12.The new principle has introduced some tough measures to improve the school’s statusand reputation.(principal)13.John’s mother past away when he was only five. (passed)14.I take it as a complement when you tell me you like my son’s drawings.(compliment)15.We need to buy some stationary for our children before their school starts nextweek.(stationery)16.My uncle used to tell us stories about his two years on a worship.(warship)17.He has served in the city counsel for many years.(council)18.What is the bus fair to Central Station? (fare)19.I could not scarcely recognize her as we had not seen each other for more than 30years.(去掉not)20.A majority of people living in big cities prefer to use the underground as a mean oftransportation.(means)21.If one can have a good relationship with one’s colleagues and work hardly, one willvery likely succeed.(hard)ing the Internet as means to access and exchange information may not be as safe asone thinks.(as a means)23.In the past, many people had to live in tiny rooms that were untidy and lacked ofenough light. (去掉of)24.The children, who entered into the school auditorium in colorful costumes, were veryexcited about the show they were going to put on for their parents. (去掉into)25.It is not economic to stay in a dorm if one’s family lives quite near to theuniversity.(ecnomical)26.All first year students can stay in one of the in-campus resident halls.( on-campus)27.Both of the children and the parents need to attend this school event.(needs)28.Nobody can go back to home until the dress rehearsal is over. (去掉to)Exercises:I. Identify sentences as simple, compound, complex or compound-complex.⑴Smith favored the new plan, but he agreed that the cost was too high.⑵Her report stresses the need for regional medical center in Poderosa, a mining and university town.⑶Mickey sang a song, and Marvin played his guitar.⑷Lost in thought, she did not hear the thunder.⑸When I bought the Acer Computer, I thought it was the solution that we had long needed.II Rewrite the following by putting the short sentence into compound sentences. Use a comma and a joining word (and, but, for, so) to connect each pair.1. My son is studying computer science. My daughter is majoring in communication.2. We are watering the trees. We don’t have any rain for a month.3. The children started arguing. I made them turn off the TV.4. At midnight my roommate closed her books. I studied until 2 A. M.5. We must plan our family budget carefully. The price of food has risen recently.III. Rewrite the following by putting the short sentence into complex sentences1. English is offered only in the morning. Chemistry can be taken at night.2. The movie disgusted the coach. He walked out after fifteen minutes.3. The house had been burglarized. Smith couldn’t sleep soundly for several months.4. His vision begins to fade. He knows he’d better get some rest.5. The storm hit the coast city. We crisscrossed our windows with strong tape.IV. Rewrite the following sentences, using subordination rather than coordination. Include a comma when a dependent statement starts a sentence.1. The muffler shop advertised same-day service, but my car wasn’t ready for three days.2. The high-blood-pressure pills produced dangerous side effects, so the government banned them.3. David lopped dead branches off the tree, and Mike stacked them into piles on the ground below.4. Diana wedged her handbag tightly under her arm, for she was afraid of muggers.5. Richard counted the cash three times, but the total still didn’t tally with the amount on the register tape.V. Combine the following simple sentences into complex sentences. Omit repeated words. Use the dependent words who, which, or that.1. My father planted these apple trees three years ago. They have not borne any fruit.2. The boy was in a motorcycle accident. The boy limps.3. Joan is a champion weight lifter. Joan is my neighbor.4. The two screws were missing from the assembly kit. The two screws held the bicycle frame together.5. The letter is from my friend abroad. The letter arrived today.6. The tall hedge muffled the highway noise. The hedge surrounded the house.VI. Use coordination or subordination to combine the groups of simple sentences into one or more longer sentences. Omit repeated words. Keep in mind that, very often, the relationship among ideas in a sentence will be clearer when subordination rather than coordination is used.1. My car is not starting on cold mornings. I think the battery needs to be replaced. I already had it recharged once. I don’t think it would help to charge it again.2. I n eeded butter to make the cookie better. I couldn’t find any. I used vegetable oil instead.3. Gena had worn glasses for 15 years. She decided to get contact lenses. She would be able to see better. She would look more glamorous.4. The children at the day-care center took their naps. They unrolled their sleeping mats.5. Jack dialed the police emergency number. He received a busy signal. He dropped the phone and ran. He didn’t have time to call back.6. Louis disliked walking home from the bus stop. The street had no overhead lights. It was lined with abandoned buildings.7. The rain hit the hot pavement. Plumes of steam rose from the blacktop. Cars slowed toa craw. The fog obscured the driver’s vision.8. His car went through the automated car-wash. Harry watched from the sidelines. Floppy brushes slapped the car’s doors. Sprays of water squirted onto the roof.9. The pipes had frozen. The heat had gone off. We phoned the plumber. He couldn’t come for two days. He had been swamped with emergency calls.10. My car developed an annoying rattle. I took it to the service station. The mechanic looked under the hood. He couldn’t find what was wrong.VII．Rewrite the following by putting the short sentence into compound or complex sentences, or sentences with participial, prepositional, or other phrases.1.The dean issued a bulletin. It said the library would remain open on weekends.2. There are icicles on the trees. The temperature must have fallen considerably during the night.3. We have made some progress. We still have a long way to go.4. There were over two hundred passengers on board the plane. About one third of them were foreigners.5. The gypsies are really a nomadic people from India. They migrated into Europe. Once they were thought to be Egyptians.6. Xu comes from a working–class family. He enrolled in college first.7. Napoleon was born in Corsica in 1769. At that time the island had just been acquired by France.8. He heard that his father was ill. He was anxious to go home to see him. He went to the station early in the morning to buy a ticket.VIII. Rewrite the following sentences into periodic sentences..1.The course was not very difficult, although I didn’t receive a high grade.2.He felt that the world had come to an end when he wasn’t chosen for the footballteam..3.It requires steady nerves to do the job safely.4.The plane began to shake noticeably as soon as it lifted off the runway.5.She filled a bucket with water to put off the fire.6.Jane walked out of his life, bursting into tears as she left the room.7.Emily Dickinson is one of my favorite poets.8.There are many exercises to do if you want to build a muscular body.9.Summer is the most enjoyable season for many people.10.He played the violin well because he had been trained in it from an early age.。
《英语论文写作教程》第三章练习答案
《英语论文写作教程》第三章练习答案Reference Key to Exercises该答案适用于：《英语论文写作教程》操时尧柯军编著湖北科学技术出版社2013.5Chapter 3 Writing ProcessI. Which of the following would be considered as plagiarism?Answer: (a),(b),(d)and(e)are plagiarism.II. Study the topic questions and related information below, and complete an outline in the grid. Title: A comparison of advertising effects between newspapers and TVMain body:i) Benefits of TV advertising (reach large audience, have strong impact)ii) Drawbacks of TV advertising (expensive and can be ignored)iii) Benefits of newspaper advertising (flexible, cheap, focused)iv) Drawbacks of newspaper advertising (static)Conclusion: TV more effective in reaching large numbers but newspapers probably better for specialized marketsIII. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1.如果某人在学术论文中直接引用或者转述他人的原话，而未标明文献来源，这就是学术剽窃。
英语研究论文读写教程-unit 3 课后练习答案
Unit 3KeysAnticipating the Issue2. The answers may vary.3. Fill in the table below with the advantages and disadvantages of paper dictionaries and4. It's generally better to use a normal English (monolingual) dictionary. Such dictionaries giveyou practice in understanding English. As the definitions and examples are in English, you can see immediately how a word is used. Because many English words won't translate directly into your language, you have to be careful with bilingual dictionaries when you write down the meaning of the word.5. The answers may vary.Discussion Ideas1. The research topic is learners’ dictionary use and vocabulary c hoices in L2 writing in termsof two aspects: s tudents’ ability to use the dictionary as a tool for written production and to teach them to use it more effectively, as well as their dictionary use in relation to foreign language writing in terms of Spanish.2. No. It is both a summary and a synthesis of the related literature. The summary of previousresearch is contained within the literature review, which goes well beyond merely summarizing professional literature. A literature review focuses on a specific topic of interestto you and includes a critical analysis of the relationship among different works, and then relates this research to your own work.3. The researchers reviewed the previous research from general to specific on basis of the threequestions to be explored in their own study, i.e.,To begin with, the researchers analyzed the general context –dictionary use as a strategy of learners’lexical acquisition process; the three limitations corresponding to the research questions –the limitations in L2 proficiency and dictionary use strategy; the advantages of e-dictionaries and online dictionaries.4. Yes. They both follow the three moves illustrated in the Writing Focus section of Unit 2.To begin with, they, based on the previous studies, set the general context for studies on dictionary use—as an important learning strategy, it enhanced and furthered the learner’s vocabulary learning process. Consequently they introduced in what instances the learner may consult dictionaries, which is relevant with their first research question. Thirdly, they pointed out two limitations in the use of dictionary, namely, learners’ inability to separate lexical and semantic meanings, and their inability to use the dictionary correctly, which are their second and third research question respectively. Lastly, they put forward the advantages that the recent technological advancement of electronic and online dictionaries brought to teachers, learners, and researchers, which is in accordance with their first research question.5. Think-aloud protocols, stimulated-recall protocol, and interviews were employed in the firststudy. While the second study utilized the stimulated-recall protocol.Think-aloud protocol is a verbal protocol that takes place while the participant is performing a task; that is, the participant talks aloud while completing a task.Think-aloud protocol (or think-aloud protocols, or TAP) is a method used to gather data in usability testing in product design and development, in psychology and a range of social sciences (e.g., reading, writing and translation process research). Think-aloud protocols involve participants thinking aloud as they are performing a set of specified tasks. Users are asked to say whatever they are looking at, thinking, doing, and feeling, as they go about their task. This enables observers to see first-hand the process of task completion (rather than only its final product). Observers at such a test are asked to objectively take notes of everything that users say, without attempting to interpret their actions and words. Test sessions are often audio and video taped so that developers can go back and refer to what participants did, and how they reacted. The purpose of this method is to make explicit what is implicitly present in subjects who are able to perform a specific task.Simulated recall protocol (SRP) as a research approach falls into the group of research methods that are often referred to as introspective methods. Stimulated-recall protocol is a verbal protocol that is prompted by a stimulus such as viewing a video o f the participant’s performance of the talk or an essay written by the participant. In general it is considered to be an approach that is particularly suitable for examining processes and has most frequently been used to study learning processes, interpersonal skills and decision-making processes [action learning].6. Data triangulation is a powerful technique that facilitates validation of data through cross verification from more than two sources. In particular, it refers to the application and combination of several research methodologies in the study of the same phenomenon. And Methodological triangulation involves using more than one method to gather data, such as interviews, observations,questionnaires, and documents.Advantages: 1) increase the credibility and validity of the results;2) provide a more holistic perspective of the research questions.7. In terms of limitation, the number of participants resulted in the inability to generalize the results. In terms of implication, pre- and post-tests can be introduced in future research to measure whether any vocabulary gain has taken place during the experiment.8. This is qualitative research.Qualitative research and quantitative research are two schools of research.Qualitative research a method of inquiry employed in many different academic disciplines, traditionally in the social sciences, but also in market research and further contexts.Qualitative researchers aim to gather an in-depth understanding of human behavior and the reasons that govern such behavior. The qualitative method investigates the why and how of decision making, not just what, where, when. Hence, smaller but focused samples are more often needed than large samples.Quantitative research refers to the systematic empirical investigation of social phenomena via statistical, mathematical or computational techniques. The objective of quantitative research is to develop and employ mathematical models, theories and/or hypotheses pertaining to phenomena. The process of measurement is central to quantitative research because it provides the fundamental connection between empirical observation and mathematical expression of quantitative relationships.V ocabulary and Language Learning Skills2. Recognizing Word Meanings.1. d2. i3. a4. c5. j6. h7. B8. e9. f 10. g 3. Making a Collocation.1. pedagogical2. in conjunction with3. highlight4. tap into5. Holistic6. burgeoning7. be accessed by8. stems from9. take advantage ofWriting FocusTask OnePrimary: data sets, computer programs, scale models, drawingsSecondary: conferences, proceedings, journals, booksTertiary: dictionaries, encyclopedias, guides, handbooksTask TwoParaphrase the following sentences.1. The way to a male's heart is through his tummy.Delicious food is the way to win a man’s heart.2. A penny saved is a penny earned.You save money by not spending it.3. You can't teach an old dog new tricks.It's difficult to make someone change the way in which they do things.4. Haste makes waste.More haste, less speed.You do not save any time by working too fast.5. You can't make a silk purse out of a cow's ear.You cannot make a good quality product using bad quality materials.6. Although our human ability to communicate is genetically determined and hence is a part ofour biological nature, speech development is importantly affected by the environment.The environment also influences how human communication develops to a great extent, despite that the ability for human communication is biologically based and transmitted through genes.7. Natural languages follow various rules and it is reasonably clear that humans inherit an innatecognitive capacity to learn these rules. As a result of normal maturation, this capacity of language acquisition reaches a stage of 'readiness' before the age of two, and continues on through the childhood years until puberty. The actual nature of this universal readiness for language is still unknown. Some scientists think that humans are preprogrammed with the basic rules of language, but others believe that humans are innately prepared to learn these rules.It is undoubted that the capacity to learn various language rules is innate. Readiness to learn language depends upon normal maturation, which lasts from age 2 to about 14. No one knows for sure what the nature of this readiness is. It could be that the basic language rules are inborn, or it could be that humans are predisposed to learn these basic rules of language.Task ThreeIdentify the different parts of the Literature Review section of the study in Unit 3. 略。
学术英语写作陈雪第三单元课后习题答案
学术英语写作陈雪第三单元课后习题答案1、--Is that the correct spelling?--I don’t know. You can _______ in a dictionary [单选题] *A. look up itB. look it forC. look it up(正确答案)D. look for it2、She _______ so much _______ her mother. [单选题] *A. looks; like(正确答案)B. looks; forC. looks; afterD. looks forwards; to3、I’m still unable to make myself_____in the discussion, which worries me a lot. [单选题]*A.understandB.understood(正确答案)C.understandingD.to be understood4、He _______ maths. [单选题] *A. does well in(正确答案)B. good atC. is well inD. does well at5、I’m looking forward to hearing from you _______. [单选题] *A. recentlyB. soon(正确答案)C. quicklyD. fast6、The classmates can' t（）Alice from her twin sister. [单选题] *A. speakB. tell(正确答案)C. talkD. say7、_____ before we leave the day after tomorrow,we should have a wonderful dinner party. [单选题] *A. Had they arrived(正确答案)B. Were they arriveC. Were they arrivingD. Would they arrive8、Hurry up,?or we’ll _______ class. [单选题] *A. be late for(正确答案)B. late forC. late withD. be late with9、The（)majority of the members were against the idea. [单选题] *A. substantialB. enormousC. considerable(正确答案)D. overwhelming10、—Do you know ______ box it is? —It is ______.（）[单选题] *A. who; myB. whose; meC. who; herD. whose; hers(正确答案)11、13．________ it rains heavily outside, Lily wants to meet her children at once. [单选题]* A．IfB．Although (正确答案)C．WhenD．Because.12、She has no idea of what the book is about. She_______ have read it carefully. [单选题]*A. Can’t(正确答案)B. mustn’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t13、I want something to eat. Please give me a _______. [单选题] *A. bookB. watchC. shirtD. cake(正确答案)14、29．______ my free time, I like listening to music. [单选题] *A．AtB．OnC．In(正确答案)D．About15、If you do the same thing for a long time, you'll be tired of it. [单选题] *A. 试图B. 努力C. 厌倦(正确答案)D. 熟练16、David ______ at home when I called at seven o’clock yesterday evening. （）[单选题] *A. didn’tB. doesn’tC. wasn’t(正确答案)D. isn’t17、_____ is not known yet. [单选题] *A. Although he is serious about itB. No matter how we will do the taskC. Whether we will go outing or not(正确答案)D. Unless they come to see us18、Study hard, ______ you won’t pass the exam. [单选题] *A. or(正确答案)B. andC. butD. if19、64．Would you like to drink ________？[单选题] *A．something else(正确答案)B．anything elseC．else somethingD．else anything20、Sometimes only（）10 out of 500 or more candidates succeed in passing all the tests. [单选题] *A. as many asB. as few as(正确答案)C. as much asD. as little as21、—Can you play the violin at the art festival?—No, I ______. But I am good at playing the drums.（）[单选题] *A. canB. can’t(正确答案)C. doD. don’t22、John and Jack had looked for the key, but _____ of them found it. [单选题] *A. noneB. neither(正确答案)C. bothD. either23、I like dancing, ______ I can join the Dancing Club.（）[单选题] *A. becauseB. so(正确答案)C. andD. but24、A small village cuts across the river. [单选题] *A. 切B. 穿过(正确答案)C. 划船D. 踢25、—Tony, it’s cold outside. ______ wear a jacket?—OK, mom.（）[单选题] *A. Why not(正确答案)B. Why don’tC. Why did youD. Why do you26、She is a girl, _______ name is Lily. [单选题] *A. whose(正确答案)B. whoC. whichD. that27、Nuclear science should be developed to benefit the people_____harm them. [单选题] *A.more thanB.other thanC.rather than(正确答案)D.better than28、With all the work on hand, he _____ to the cinema last night. [单选题] *A.should goB.must have goneC.might goD..shouldn’t have gone(正确答案)29、Why don’t you _______ the bad habit of smoking. [单选题] *A. apply forB. get rid of(正确答案)C. work asD. graduate from30、I’d like to go with you, ______ I’m too busy. [单选题] *A. orB. andC. soD. but(正确答案)。
写作教程3 unit1 答案
9).Socialcustomsvarygreatlyfromcountrytocountry.
2.Thewriter'sattitudechangesfromnegativetopositiveineachpairofsentences
2.Afterawhat-clause,theverbisusuallysingular,.Butifthewhat-clauseisinacompoundstructurepluralinmeaning,theverbisinpluralform.
3.Inthethere-bestructure,theverbissingularorpluraldependingonthenumberofthesubject.Thesingularthereismaybeusedtointroduceacompoundsubjectwhenthefirstnounornominalphraseissingular.
3.(1)experienced(2)elapsed
(3)attempting(4)with
(5)takeup(6)made
(7)endeavor(8)true
4.1).Thestateattorneysaidthatthemanwouldbeprosecuted.
2).Wesupposethatarefereeshouldbedisinterestedbutnotuninterested
7).Thefederalgovernmentcomprisesthelegislative,judicial,andexecutivebranches
英语写作基础课后答案_写作指导
英语写作基础课后答案英语写作是大家最头疼的一道题。
下面小编收集了英语写作基础课后答案，供大家参考。
第一章句子写作1.1 句子的种类I.1) Is there any water in the bottle?2) Can she sing and dance very well?3) Has he a brother in England? Or: Does he have a brother in England?4) Does it often rain here in summer?5) Did you always play together at that time?6) Who is he?7) How many times have you been to Beijing?8) Where do they live?9) What does your father like very much?10) Why did he go to school yesterday?II.1) “Shall we go by bus or by train?” “Better go by train.”2) “Are we going to have the meeting today or tomorrow?” “Tomorrow. ”3) “Y ou are not ready, are you？” “No, I am not.”4) We can’t take these books out, can we?” “No, we can’t ”5) Take care not to catch cold.6) Speak a little slower. I can’t follow you.7) Let ’s not waste our time arguing about it.8) How pretty you are in that skirt!9) What a beautiful city Hangzhou is!10) How I miss my parents!III.1) She has not had her lunch.2) I was too excited to say a ward.3) None of the problems is difficult.4) Y ou can find this kind of mobile phone somewhere.5) He opened the door and we all went in.6) Put on your coat, or you will catch cold.7) It was late, so we went home.8) He doesn’t earn much, but he spends money freely.9) Turn off the light before you leave the room.10) I hope that you will enjoy your stay here.1.2句子的基本句型I .1）SVC 2) SV 3)SVC 4) SVOC 5. SVOA 6) SVO 7) SVOC8) SVOiOd 9) SVOC 10) SVAII.1) My ink has run out. (SV)2) My plan has changed. (SV)3)4)5)6) These flowers smell very sweet. (SVC) The story sounds interesting. (SVC) Y ou should look after your parents. (SVO) They didn’t accept my invitation. (SVO)7) They named the boy jack.(SVOC)8) I saw him come in and go out. (SVOC)9) He offered her his seat / his seat to her. (SVOiOd)10) Jack has caused his family some trouble.(SVOiOd)11) My uncle has sent me a present. (SVOiOd)12) He is sitting by the window.(SAV)13) I went there the day before yesterday. (SVA)14) My mother wants to retire this year.15) David likes singing in the bathroom.1.3句子的统一与连贯I .1) They enjoy reading classic Chinese literature, such as the poetry by Li Bai and Du Fu.2) When I was a little boy, I wanted to become a doctor.3) We got to the airport in time and took the plane.4) I booked the plane tickets and received them two days later.5) He didn’t come yesterday because he was ill.6) Come with me and help me do / with the work.7) If you want to keep healthy, you should spend a little of your free / spare time on regular physical exercise.8) As you are too weak to travel, you should stay at home during the summer vacation.9) Teaching, however, is not so easy as others think. It takes me much time to prepare the lesson. And I often feel a bit tense in class.10) It is difficult to learn English. If we want to have a good command of it, we must study hard.11) John decided to stop smoking. He did not want to die of lung cancer. Or: John decided to stop smoking because he did not want to die of lung cancer.12) It seemed so wonderful that she could speak so easy . But she suddenly paused because she was usually shy.II1) tom is a student who does well in exams, attends classes,reads textbooks, and reviews class notes.2) The teacher told his students to read the story, to write an outline of it and to develop the outline into a summary.3) His speeches were either too long or too short.4) Knowing how to study and learning how to plan time are very important for college students.5) The new flat is not only more economical but also some questions.6) Come to class prepared to take notes and to ask some questions.7) We judge our friends both by what they say and by how they act.8) David was nervous and annoyed because he had lost his keys.9) Some people find swimming more enjoyable than sitting at home reading.10) She is pleased with what you have given and all that you have told her.11) Dentists advise brushing your teeth after each meal and avoiding too much sugar in your diet.12) My uncle spoke with warmth and humor.13) My driving instructor told me to keep both hands on the wheel, to use caution at all time, and not to take my eyes off the road.14) Men ’s clothing styles and women’s clothing styles have grown similar in recent years.15) Credit cards are accepted by department stores, airlines, and some gas stations.1.4句子的扩展I1）（副词）（SV A ）2）（现在分词短语）（SVOC ）3）（动词不定式短语）（SV A ）4）（形容词短语）（SV A ）5) (现在分词短语）（SVC ）6) (形容词) (SVOiOd)7) (介词短语) (SVA)8) (过去分词短语) (SVOC)9) (介词短语/ 形容词/动词不定式) (SVO)10) (过去分词短语) (SVOA)II.1) (宾语从句)2) （定语从句）3) （状语从句）4) （主语从句）5) （补语从句）6) （主语从句）7) （同位语从句）8) （状语从句）9) （定语从句）10) （宾语从句）1.5 句子的合并I1) Mary can speak Chinese but can’t speak Japanese.2) Mrs. Green took the shopping list on the table and went direct to the supermarket.3) The boy fell down from the tree and hurt his hands and legs.4) You may watch TV at home or go to the football match.5) (Both) Jack and David work in ABC Company.6) They considered and adapt my plan.7) You should speak English not only in class but also out of class. Or: You should speak English both in and out of class.8) The teacher went to the library together with two students.9) You will have to finish either this book or that one.10) He failed to come not because of his illness but because of his unwillingness.II1) Please tell me when you will come here again.2) He is anxious to know whether /if he has passed the exam.3) The fact that the earth goes round the sun is well known.4) The young lady you saw in the dinning room just now teaches us English.5) The old man whose son is in our class like pop songs very much.6) A few students who haven’t realized the value of the book don’t want to use the book as their textbook.7) She is more hard-working than the other students. Or: The other students are not as hard-working as she is.8) If he comes to the meeting, we’ll ask him about it.9) He did many things to please the old man because he hoped the old man would help him.10) As soon as she comes, I will tell her about it.第二章段落写作2.1 段落结构I1）主题主导思想主题主导思想主题主导思想主题主导思想 5) Poor handwriting can often get you into trouble.主题主导思想 6) Television can play an educational role in ourdaily life.主题主导思想主题主导思想主题主导思想9）主题主导思想主导思想II.1) a 2)a 3)b 4) a 5) c 6) a 7) b 8) aIII1) (4) 2.(1), (3) 3. (1)2.2 段落展开1) 定义法 2) 分类法 3) 举例法8) 比较法 4) 列举法 9) 因果法 5) 过程描述法 10) 举例法 6) 比较法 7) 过程描述法2.3 段落的统一与连贯I.1) (4),(6) 2) (2), (5) 3) (3), (4)II1) cba 2)badc 3) ecabdf 4) cadbefIII1) (1) First 2) so 3)however 4) As a result 5) Finally2) (1) First (2) Otherwise (3) On the other hand (4) Second(6) In contrast (7) Third第三章篇章写作3.1 篇章结构3.1.1 开头段1）提问法 2）定义法 3）开门见山、点明主题法 4）引语法5）定义法 6）数据法3.1.3 结尾段1）提问式结尾 2）归纳总结式结尾4）引语式结尾 5）提问式结尾3.2 英语写作常用文体I .1）说明文 2）议论文II .（For reference only） 3）叙述文 (5) However (8) And (9) But (10) In spite of 3）个人见解式结尾 6）归纳总结式结尾Spring Festival is a wonderful time of the year to spend with one’s family. People who work and study far away from their homes come back. They tell each other about their work and life, exchange gifts and eat lots of delicious food with their family members.Spring Festival is also a great time to visit one’s friends. During the holiday, many people go to see their friends and share their interesting stories or work experiences. Students love to go out with their former classmates and enjoy talking about their life. Many students also like to visit their teachers and wish them a happy new year.However, there are times during the Spring Festival when it’s nice just to be by yourself. You can read novels that you never seem to have time to read at school. Y ou can watch your favorite TV programs at home. Y ou can have a quiet walk in your neighborhood or in a park nearby and think about your busy life. Spring Festival is an enjoyable time for everyone.III (For reference only)A proverb says, “Time is money.” But in my opinion, time is even more precious than money because when money is spent, we can earn it back; but when time is gone, it will never return.Thus we must value time.Time passes very quickly. Some students say they do not have enough time for all their lessons. Actually they do not know how to make use of their time. They spend their precious time smoking, drinking, chatting, playing games and doing otheruseless things. They don’t realize that wasting time is equal to wasting a part of their valuable life.Today we are living in the twenty-first century. We know that time is life. When a person dies, his time has ended. Since life is short, we should devote our time and energy to our studies so that we will be able to serve our country and society. We should form the habit of saving time. We shouldn ’t put off what can be done today till tomorrow. Laziness will not only bring us failure but also lead us to the road of poverty.。
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Reference Key to Exercises
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《英语论文写作教程》操时尧柯军编著湖北科学技术出版社2013.5
Chapter 3 Writing Process
I. Which of the following would be considered as plagiarism?
Answer: (a),(b),(d)and(e)are plagiarism.
II. Study the topic questions and related information below, and complete an outline in the grid. Title: A comparison of advertising effects between newspapers and TV
Main body:
i) Benefits of TV advertising (reach large audience, have strong impact)
ii) Drawbacks of TV advertising (expensive and can be ignored)
iii) Benefits of newspaper advertising (flexible, cheap, focused)
iv) Drawbacks of newspaper advertising (static)
Conclusion: TV more effective in reaching large numbers but newspapers probably better for specialized markets
III. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1.如果某人在学术论文中直接引用或者转述他人的原话，而未标明文献来源，这就是学术
剽窃。
同样，使用原始句子结构而仅仅替换了一些措辞，且没有文献标注的，也构成学术剽窃。
2.尽管不同语言文化对著作中思想的呈现、解释和组织有着不尽相同的规则，但为了达到
学术研究和国际出版的要求，遵循研究报告的书写规范是很有必要的。
3.在英语为非母语的环境下，学术写作关注的是如何是非本族语学生达到西方学术界的要
求，从而促进国际交流和出版。
4.研究人员在发表作品时，总会提出某种观点。
然而，这个观点是否显而易见，如何形成
体系、何以为证等问题则取决于所研究的学科或领域，诸如历史学、动物学、物理学之类的科目。
IV. Translate the following passage into English.
Graduation thesis writing is an “organized project”, at the beginning of which you should make an overall planning of its structure, dealing with the questions like how to raise questions, how to analyze them, how to arrive at solutions and what materials are needed.
In the first place, a thesis or a central argument should be developed. If you are not able to summarize the thesis into one sentence, it is far from rushing into the writing process. Once you start writing the first draft, always remember to keep that central argument in mind for it determines what materials to choose, what focus to set and what to ignore.
In the next place, conceptions should be defined. There are times when thesis defenders were made puzzled by examiners’ cross-questioning, and their writing remained logically inconsistent because the conceptions in the writing had not been properly clarified and differentiated from
other terms. In the last place, sufficient materials should be gathered and time is needed.
V. Answer the following questions.
Omitted
VI. Put the following quotations (theme: thinking) into Chinese.
1. 大智论道，中智论事，小智论人。
——埃莉诺·罗斯福
2. 直觉是人类庄严的天赋，理性只是人类有用的工具；我们却造就了一个歌颂工具而遗忘天赋的社会。
——阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦
3. 最有才智的人能做最好的事,也能做最坏的事。
——勒内·笛卡儿
4. 如果我们的大脑简单到可以被理解，那么我们也就不具备理解它的能力了。
——埃默森·佩什
5. 阅读仅能积累知识来武装头脑；只有思维才能使阅读为我所用。
——约翰·洛
6. 思想家会离开人世，但他的思想将永不消亡。
人不能永生，但思想却能永存。
——沃尔特·里普曼。