考研英语翻译模拟试题及答案(五)
2021年考研英语翻译最新模拟题及答案详解(五)
2021年考研英语翻译最新模拟题及答案详解(五)Text 9Our world of the mid-1990s faces potentially bursting change. The question is in what direction will it take us?(46)Will the change come from worldwide initiatives that reverse the degradation of the planet and restore hope for the future, or will it come from continuing environmental deterioration that leads to economic decline and social instability?There is no precedent for the rapid substantial change we need to make.(47)Building an environmentally sustainable future depends on restructuring the global economy, major shifts in human reproductive behavior, and dramatic changes in values and lifestyles. Doing all this quickly adds up to a revolution that is driven and defined by the need to restore the earth’s environmental systems. If this Environmental Revolution succeeds, it will rank with the Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions as one of the great economic and social transformations in human history.Like the Agricultural Revolution, it will dramaticallyalter population trends.(48)While the former set the stage for enormous increases in human numbers, this revolution will succeed only if it stabilizes human population size, reestablishing a balance between people and natural system on which they depend. In contrast to the Industrial Revolution, which was based on a shift to fossil fuels, this new transformation will be based on a shift away from fossil fuels.(49)The two earlier revolutions were driven by technological advances—the first by the discovery of farming and the second by the invention of the steam engine, which converted the energy in coal into mechanical power. The Environmental Revolution, while it will obviously need new technologies, will be driven primarily by the restructuring of the global economy so that it does not destroy its natural support system.The pace of the Environmental Revolution needs to be far faster than that of its predecessors. The Agricultural Revolution began some 10,000 years ago, and the Industrial Revolution has been under way for about two centuries. But if the Environmental Revolution is to succeed, it must be compressed into a few decades. Progress in the Agricultural Revolution was measured almost exclusively in the growth infood output that eventually enabled farmers to produce a surplus that could feed city dwellers. Similarly, industrial progress was gained by success in expanding the output of raw materials and manufactured goods.(50)The Environmental Revolution will be judged by whether it can shift the world economy into an environmentally sustainable development path, one that leads to greater economic security, healthier lifestyles, and a worldwide improvement in the human condition.参考译文46. 这种变化会来自要彻底扭转地球贫困化趋势、恢复未来希望的全球性进取心呢，还是由环境的不断恶化导致经济衰退和社会动荡所引发?47. 要缔造一个环境能持续支撑的未来，就必须调整世界经济，大力转变人类的繁衍行为，并根本改变价值观和生活方式。
英语翻译硕士MTI模拟试题及答案解析(10)
英语翻译硕士MTI模拟试题及答案解析（10）(1/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第1题NAFTA下一题(2/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第2题Swan song上一题下一题(3/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第3题Babel上一题下一题(4/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第4题wet blanket上一题下一题(5/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第5题POD上一题下一题(6/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第6题The Book of Songs上一题下一题(7/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第7题HDTV上一题下一题(8/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第8题non-tariff barrier上一题下一题(9/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第9题nationalization上一题下一题(10/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第10题moral hazard上一题下一题(11/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第11题CBS(12/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第12题give the floor to上一题下一题(13/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第13题Please rise for the national anthem.上一题下一题(14/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第14题civil society上一题下一题(15/15)Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points，1 point each)：第15题ecological deterioration上一题下一题(1/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第16题三通上一题下一题(2/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第17题鸦片战争上一题下一题(3/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第18题诚信缺失上一题下一题(4/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第19题发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享上一题下一题(5/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第20题减少社会不平等现象上一题下一题(6/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第21题君子和而不同上一题下一题(7/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第22题混合经济(8/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第23题与国际接轨上一题下一题(9/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第24题政企分开上一题下一题(10/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第25题昼夜服务上一题下一题(11/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第26题希望工程上一题下一题(12/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第27题锁匠上一题下一题(13/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第28题红糖上一题下一题(14/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第29题中国人民银行上一题下一题(15/15)Translate the following terms into English (15 points，1 point each)：第30题推进政务公开上一题下一题(1/1)Translate the following passages into Chinese (60 points)：第31题On LeadershipWhat is leadership? Its qualities are difficult to define. But they are not so difficult to identify.Leaders don’t force other people to go along with them. They bring them along. Leaders get commitment from others by giving it themselves，by building an environment that encourages creativity ,and by operating with honesty and fairness.Good leaders aren’t “ lone rangers. ” They recognize that an organization’s strategies for success require the combined talents and efforts of many people. Leadership is the catalyst for transforming those talents into results.Leaders know that when there are two opinions on an issue，one is not bound to bewrong.They recognize that hustle and rush are the allies of superficiality. They are open to new ideas，but they explore their ramifications thoroughly.Successful leaders are emotionally and intellectually oriented to the future—not wedded to the past. They have a hunger to take responsibility，to innovate，and to initiate. They are not content with merely taking care of what’s already there. They want to move forward to create something new.Leaders provide answers as well as direction，offer strength as well as dedication，and speak from experience as well as understanding of the problems they face and the people they work with.Leaders are flexible rather than dogmatic. They believe in unity rather than conformity. And they strive to achieve agreements out of conflict.Leadership is all about getting people consistently to give their best，helping them to grow to their fullest potential，and motivating them to work toward a common goal. Leaders make the right things happen when they’re supposed to.A good leader，an effective leader，is one who has respect. Respect is something you have to have in order to get. A leader who has respect for other people at all levels of an organization，for the work they do，and for their abilities，aspirations and needs，will find that respect is returned. And all concerned will be motivated to work together.上一题下一题(1/1)Translate the following passage into English (60 points)：第32题作为美国馆的首席合作伙伴，我们很荣幸地参与了本届上海世博会。
考研英语翻译试题及答案解析
考研英语翻译试题及答案解析下面是小编整理的考研英语翻译练习题，欢迎大家前来参考。
The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities. However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities. (46) Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities and some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law.If the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism educators. Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment. On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom. (47) On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news. For example, notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law. Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law is a desirable component of a journalists intellectual preparation for his or her career.(48) But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media. Politics or, more broadly, thefunctioning of the state, is a major subject for journalists. The better informed they are about the way the state works, the better their reporting will be. (49) In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.Furthermore, the legal system and the events which occur within it are primary subjects for journalists. While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers. (50) While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments. These can only come from a well-grounded understanding of the legal system.重点词汇：discipline:[记]联想记忆：dis(不)+cip(拿)+line(线)——不拿老百姓一针一线——纪律n.纪律，规定 [例]Without discipline, there is no method.没有规矩，不成方圆。
最新考研英语翻译模拟试题及答案解析
考研英语翻译模拟试题及答案解析(1)Any discussion of the American educational system would be less than complete if it did not mention the emphasis that many colleges and universities place upon the nonacademic, social,“extracurricular”aspect of education, often defined as personal growth. Perhaps a useful way of viewing the notion of personal growth would be to picture the very large and general term“education” as being all-embracing, including as subsets within it academic and nonacademic components.This may be one of the most difficult concepts to convey to someone who is not intimately familiar with American higher education. Few educational systems in other countries place the same emphasis on this blend of academic and personal education. The majority of colleges and universities in the United States make some attempt to integrate personal and intellectual growth in the undergraduate years. (2) If the ultimate goal of undergraduate education in America were simply to convey a set body of knowledge, the term of studies could undoubtedly be reduced. Yet the terms of studies are extended in order to give students a chance to grow and develop in other ways.Numerous opportunities are made available to students to become involved in sports, student government, musical and dramatic organizations, and countless other organized and individual activities designed to enhance one’s personal growth and provide some recreationand enjoyment outside of the classroom. (3)Experience with campus organizations and off-campus community involvement can be highly valuable in preparing international students for future leadership in their professional field upon their return home.The typical American college’s support for extracurricular activity is perhaps unique in the world, This special educational dimension, beyond the classroom and laboratory experience, does not mean that extracurricular participation is required to gain an American degree. It remains an entirely optional activity, but (4)it is noted here because Americans have traditionally viewed success in one’s role as a citizen as closely linked to a “well-rounded”life that incorporates a variety of social, athletic, and cultural activities into a person’s experience.A great many American campuses and communities have organized special extracurricular activities for students from other countries. (5) On most campuses, one can find an international club, which includes Americans, where students can get to know and learn socially from students from other countries, as well as Americans. International students are almost always invited, through organized hospitality activities, into the homes of Americans living in or outside the academic community.答案1.如果对美国教育体系的讨论未能涉及许多学院及大学教育中非学术性的、社会的及“课程外”的方面，即其对个性成长的重视，那么这种讨论就不全面。
英语翻译硕士MTI模拟试题及答案解析(5)
B.obligations
C.observations
D.regulations
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(5/30)Vocabulary
第5题
The fact that the golden eagle usually builds its nest on some high cliffs ______it almost impossible to obtain the eggs or the young birds.
A.keep up with
B.give away with
C.go back on
D.lose sight of
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(12/30)Vocabulary
第12题
Nicholas Chauvin, a French soldier, aired his veneration of Napoleon Bonaparte so______and unceasingly that he became the laughingstock of all people in Europe.
(2/30)Vocabulary
第2题
The old lady has developed a_____cough which cannot be cured completely in as hort time.
A.perpetual
B.permanent
C.chronic
D.sustained
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C.should have to like
D.I should have liked to
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(4/30)Vocabulary
英语专八阅读理解模拟试题附带翻译及解析
英语专八阅读理解模拟试题(附带翻译及解析)考研英语阅读理解模拟试题及解析一The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision. Rather, in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed intuition to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise；and to integrate action into the process of thinking.Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality; others view it as an excuse for capriciousness.Isenberg's recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers' intuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an Aha！experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis. Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action. Finally, managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes familiar patterns.One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that thinking is inseparable from acting. Since managers often know what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later. Analysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking/acting cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by analyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by acting and analyzing in close concert.Given the great uncertainty of many of the management issues that they face, senior managers often instigate a course of action simply to learn more about an issue. They then use the results of the action to develop a more complete understanding of the issue. One implication of thinking/acting cycles is that action is often part of defining the problem, not just ofimplementing the solution.1. According to the text, senior managers use intuition in all of the following ways EXCEPT to[A] Speed up of the creation of a solution to a problem.[B] Identify a problem.[C] Bring together disparate facts.[D] Stipulate clear goals.2. The text suggests which of the following about the writers on management mentioned in line 1, paragraph 2？[A] They have criticized managers for not following the classical rational model of decision analysis.[B] They have not based their analyses on a sufficiently large sample of actual managers.[C] They have relied in drawing their conclusions on what managers say rather than on what managers do.[D] They have misunderstood how managers use intuition in making business decisions.3. It can be inferred from the text that which of the following would most probably be one major difference in behavior between Manager X, who uses intuition to reach decisions, and Manager Y, who uses only formal decision analysis？[A] Manager X analyzes first and then acts；Manager Y does not.[B] Manager X checks possible solutions to a problem by systematic analysis；Manager Y does not.[C] Manager X takes action in order to arrive at the solution to a problem；Manager Y does not.[D] Manager Y draws on years of hands-on experience in creating a solution to a problem；Manager X does not.4. The text provides support for which of the following statements？[A] Managers who rely on intuition are more successful than those who rely on formal decision analysis.[B] Managers cannot justify their intuitive decisions.[C] Managers'' intuition works contrary to their rational and analytical skills.[D] Intuition enables managers to employ their practical experience more efficiently.5. Which of the following best describes the organization of the first paragraph of the text？[A] An assertion is made and a specific supporting example is given.[B] A conventional model is dismissed and an alternative introduced.[C] The results of recent research are introduced and summarized.[D] Two opposing points of view are presented and evaluated.答案与考点解析1. 「答案」D「考点解析」这是一道归纳推导题。
英语翻译硕士MTI模拟试题及答案解析(7)
C.prorate
D.natant
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(23/30)Vocabulary
第23题
Overall, it is going to become much easier for people to communicate ______ the Net Communicating with others in real time will soon be the norm.
A.enhanced
B.impeded
C.refuted
D.superseded
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(5/30)Vocabulary
第5题
Perhaps we should think in terms of raising interest rates ______ them, in consideration of the new reports about inflation reported last June.
A.conforming
forting
C.contriving
D.converging
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(3/30)Vocabulary
第3题
The man went to prison, but the two boys ______ with a warning.
A.took off
B.got off
A.then reducing
B.and reduce
C.although reduce
D.rather than reducing
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(6/30)Vocabulary
第6题
The symphony´s second movement-slow, mournful, and ______-is based on a funeral march.
考研英语历年翻译真题及译文(共44篇)
一. 1980考研英语翻译真题及答案Section VI Chinese-English Translation将下列句子译成英语：（本大题共20分，第1题2分，其余各题均3分）Section VI: Chinese-English Translation (20 points)1.水一煮沸请立即把开关关掉。
1. Please turn off the switch (switch off) as soon as the water boils.2. 在八十年代，中国人民将以更大的步伐向前迈进。
2. The Chinese people will forge ahead (march on, march onward, march forward) with greater strides in 1980’s.3. 我们都同意李同志已作出的决定。
3. We all agree to the decision comrade Li has made (made).4. 这个结果比我们预期的要好得多。
4. The result is much (far) better than we expected.5. 在过去的三年中，在恢复我国国民经济方面做了大量的工作。
5. During the past three years a lot (of work) has been done in the recovery (restoration) of our national economy (in recovering our national economy; in restoring our national economy).6. 我们把英语作为学习西方先进科学技术的一种工具。
6. We use English as a tool in learning Western advanced science and technology.7. 没有党的领导，我国的社会主义现代化是不可能实现的。
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考研英语翻译模拟试题及答案(五)Theories of the value of art are of two kinds, which we may call extrinsic and intrinsic. The first regards art and the appreciation of art as means to some recognized moral good, while the second regards them as valuable not instrumentally but as objects unto themselves. It is characteristic of extrinsic theories to locate the value of art in its effects on the person who appreciates it. Art is held to be a form of education, perhaps an education of the emotions. In this case, it becomes an open question whether there might not be some more effective means to the same result. (46) Alternatively, one may attribute a negative value to art, as Plato did in his Republic, arguing that art has a corrupting or diseducative effect on those exposed to it.The extrinsic approach, adopted in modern times by Leo Tolstoy in What Is Art in 1896, has seldom seemed wholly satisfactory.(47)Philosophers have constantly sought for a value in aesthetic experience that is unique to it and that, therefore, could not be obtained from any other source. The extreme version of this intrinsic approach is that associated with Walter Pater, Oscar Wilde, and the French Symbolists, and summarized in the slogan “art for art’s sake”. Such thinkers and writers believe that art is not only an end in itself but also a sufficient justification of itself. (48)They also hold that in order to understand art asit should be understood, it is necessary to put aside all interests other than an interest in the work itself.Between those two extreme views there lies, once again, a host of intermediate positions. (49)We believe, for example, that works of art must be appreciated for their own sake, but that, in the act of appreciation, we gain from them something that is of independent value.(50)Thus a joke is laughed at for its own sake, even though there is an independent value in laughter, which lightens our lives by taking us momentarily outside ourselves. Why should not something similar be said of works of art, many of which aspire to be amusing in just the way that good jokes are?答案46.或者，人们可能会认为艺术具有负面的影响，像柏拉图在《理想国》一书中所认为的那样，艺术会影响那些接触它的人，使其堕落，或起不到教化作用。
47.哲学家们一直在不懈地探索审美体验中的价值。
这种价值是独一无二的，因此不能从别处获得。
48.他们还相信，为了以理解艺术的方式去理解艺术，必须放弃对其他方面的关注而只关注艺术作品本身。
49.比如，我们认为艺术作品必须作为艺术品被人们欣赏，但是我们在欣赏艺术作品时也能从中获得一些具有独立价值的东西。
50.因此，笑话是因为其本身而可笑，尽管笑声中有一种独立的价值，这一价值通过使我们在片刻中脱离自己而燃亮了我们的生命。
总体分析本文是一篇关于艺术的价值的文章。
其中主要论述的是唯美主义的“为艺术而艺术”的观点。
第一段：提出了艺术价值的两种理论，即内在理论和外在理论。
对这两种理论做了具体阐释，并引出了对艺术效果的疑问。
第二段：指出列夫·托尔斯泰的外在理论不能令人满意，哲学家们一直关注探索的是艺术自身的价值体验。
在该段中，作者引用了奥斯卡·瓦尔德以及法国象征主义的观点。
第三段：在两种极端的观点之间，有一种居中的观点，即艺术作品必须作为他们本身而被体验，但是在体验的过程中，我们又确实得到了一些东西。
该段作者用了例证法，以“玩笑”的价值为例来证明自己的观点。
文章学术性较强，属于正式文体，因此长句、复合句颇多，其中引入了一些学术界人士的观点，所以有很大难度。
通过该文章的阅读，考生应懂得拓宽知识面的重要性。
文章考查的知识点主要有：(一)被动语态。
(二)状语，包括现在分词做状语、方式状语从句、目的状语从句和让步状语从句。
(三)定语从句。
(四)it做形式主语。
试题精解46.[精解] 本题考核知识点：现在分词做状语、as引导的方式状语从句、定语从句的翻译。
该句的主干成分是one may attribute a negative value to art，主语是泛指代词one，可译为“人们”。
As引导的从句做方式状语，可译为“如同……，像……”。
Arguing部分是现在分词做伴随状语，可以把它译成与主句并列的结构。
句中的those 指代的是人，紧跟其后的exposed 做后置定语修饰those，翻译时，按照汉语习惯，应该将定语提前。
词汇：Alternatively表示二者择一，可以译成“或者，要不”。
Attribute ..to“认为……属于”，在这里可以转译为“认为……具有”。
Diseducative是educative的反义词，dis-是否定前缀，因此可以译为“起不到教化作用的”。
Exposed本意是“暴露的”，在这里引申译成“接触”。
47.[精解] 本题考核知识点：并列定语从句的翻译句子主干是Philosophers have constantly sought for a value in aesthetic experience，其后是两个由that引导的并列的定语从句。
需注意的是：这两个定语从句修饰的先行词是value而非aesthetic experience。
在英语语言中，为了避免头重脚轻常将较长的定语后置;在译成汉语时，要么遵从汉语习惯还原到名词之前，要么为了避免冗长的定语影响阅读，可以采用拆译法，将它们译成独立的两个并列分句。
这里采用第二种方法。
词汇：constantly“不变的，经常的”，在这里用来修饰“哲学家们的探索和寻找”，应该译成“一直或坚持不懈地”。
aesthetic experience“审美体验”，unique“独一无二的”。
Other source可直译为“其他来源”，也可意译为“别处”。
48.[精解] 本题考核知识点：目的状语从句、方式状语从句、it作形式主语的翻译。
该句的主干成分是they hold that…，that引导的宾语从句的主干是it is necessary to…。
其中，it 做形式主语，真正的主语是to put aside…，翻译时应该直接译出真实主语的内容。
在这里，将necessary一词的翻译提前更能突出“放弃”这一词的重要性。
此外，宾语从句前面部分是一个目的状语从句in order to…，可以译成“为了……”。
该目的状语中又包含了一个方式状语as it should be understood，as应译成“以……的方式”。
词汇：hold根据上下文译为“认为，坚信”。
put aside原意是“忘记，不考虑，抛弃”，在文中和interests搭配应译为“放弃”。
interest原意为“无趣，爱好”，根据上下文译为“关注”。
49.[精解] 本题考核知识点：并列宾语从句、定语从句、重点词组的翻译。
该句主干是we believe that…, but that…。
其中but 连接两个并列分句，二者之间为转折关系，在后一分句中包含了一个定语从句，即that is of independent value修饰不定代词something。
词汇：For one’s own sake为了某人自己的利益，这里应根据上下文活译成“作为艺术”。
of independent value在这里是介词短语做定语，直译为“具有独立价值的(东西)”。
50.[精解] 本题考核知识点：被动语态、让步状语从句、定语从句的翻译该句的主干是a joke is laughed at for its own sake，even though 引导的是让步状语从句，译为“尽管……”，翻译时，为了突出强调状语部分，可根据汉语习惯将其前置至句首。
Which引导定语从句修饰laughter，因为定语部分较长，所以应该将其拆译成独立的一部分。