上海市闵行区2014届高三英语一模试卷(含答案)
闵行区2013学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试 英语试卷 考生注意： 1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题纸上将学校、姓名及准考证号填写清楚。
答题时客观题用2B 铅笔按要求填涂，主观题用黑色水笔书写。
2. 本试卷分为第I 卷和第II 卷，共12页。
满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第I 卷 (共103分) I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. He ’s a mechanic. B. He ’s a taxi driver. C. He ’s a salesman. D. He ’s an engineer. 2. A. Her son ’s health. B. Her son ’s studies. C. Her son ’s poor grades. D. Her son’s ability for the job. 3. A. The man also needs new tennis shoes. B. The man is out of shape. C. The man doesn ’t need some new balls. D. The man spent too much on his tennis shoes. 4. A. He is learning about advertising. B. He is the new advertising manager. C. He is interviewing the woman. D. He is waiting for an interview. 5. A. The man is late for the trip because he is busy. B. The woman is glad to meet Mr. Brown in person. C. The man is meeting the woman in stead of Mr. Brown. D. The woman feels sorry that Mr. Brown is unable to come. 6. A. Alice didn ’t seem to be nervous during her speech. B. Alice needs more training in making public speeches. C. The man can hardly understand Alice ’s presentation.…………………密○………………………………………封○………………………………………○线…………………………………D. The man didn’t think highly of Alice’s presentation.7. A. It is typical December weather for this region.B. It won’t snow until December.C. There has never been much snow down South.D. Such a large amount of snow is unusual for this month.8. A. He has too many dreams. B. He likes to sleep.C. He doesn’t have many ideas.D. He doesn’t put his idea into practice.9. A. She prefers chemistry. B. She hasn’t got a partner yet.C. She is too tired of chemistry.D. She is too busy to work on her chemistry.10. A. If the game is held there the team will lose.B. If the game is held there the team will win.C. It makes no difference since the team will lose.D. It makes no difference since the team will win.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The common characteristic of Hollywood films.B. The main character in action films.C. The conflict between two men in the film.D. The most interesting story of Hollywood films.12. A. The main character is worth believing.B. The main character is interested in fight.C. The main character used to be humble.D. The main character undergoes a change.13. A. We can learn how bad persons can improve themselves.B. We can learn how to deal with people.C. We can understand life a little better.D. We can find better ways to cope with conflicts.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The increasing cost of living. B. A shortage of certain goods.C. A not-large-enough income.D. Nothing is left over to put away.15. A. The workers are getting lower and lower wages.B. The government makes no effort.C. People demand more and better goods.D. There are always shortages of goods.16. A. It helps merchants to produce more goods.B. It helps the workers to earn more money.C. It helps people to make his income meet the cost of living.D. It helps the government to battle the increasing cost of living.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the Array form. WriteONE WORDfor eachanswer.Blanks 21through 24are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write no more than THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the givenword; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we allbegin to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero?(25)______ immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.A hero does something worth (26) ______ (talk) about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community who will listen. But a hero goes beyond mere fame.Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high-voltage(高电压) transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down (27) ______ ______ it can be used by ordinary people.The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine hero (28) ______ (experience) life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would-be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? (29) ______ the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes.Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, (30) ______ who would claim that their fans find life more abundant?Heroes are catalysts (催化剂) for change. They have a vision from the mountaintop. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India (31) ______ still be part of the British Empire. (32) ______ may be possible for large-scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.(B)When young people get their real jobs, they may face a lot of new, confusing situation. They may find that everything is different from the way things (33) ______ (be) at school. It is also possible that they will feel uncomfortable in both professional and social situations. Eventually, they realize that university classes can’t be the only preparation for all of the different situations (34) ______ appear in the working world.Perhaps the best way (35) ______ (learn) how to behave in the working world is to identify a worker you admire and observe his behavior. In doing so, you’ll be able to see what it is (36) ______ you admire in this person. For example, you will observe how he acts when he is in trouble. Perhaps even (37) ______ (important), you will be able to see what his approach to everyday situations (38) ______ (be). While you are observing your colleague, you should be asking yourself whether his behavior is like (39) ______ and how you can learn from his response to different situations. By (40) ______ (learn) from a model, you will probably begin to identify and learn good working habits.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.In the time that records have been kept of bird populations, 20 percent of all species have gone 41 . More are likely to follow. In March the 42 of a large-scale, 24-year survey gave one of the clearestpictures yet of the decline of Australian and Asian shorebirds, including the long-distance migrants (候鸟) that are most difficult to 43 . The results of the survey are awful.Every October for more than two decades, teams from the University of New South Wales in Australia counted birds from an airplane flown low over 130,000 square miles of wetlands in the eastern third of the continent. Their 44 showed a steady decline, beginning in the mid-1980s. By 2006 the number of migratory shorebirds had dropped by 73 percent and the number of Australia’s resident of shorebirds had fallen by 81 percent. “The45 of the decline took us by surprise,”says evolutionary ecologist Silke Nebel of the University of Western Ontario in London, the lead author of the report.The survey 46 that inland wetlands were more important to both resident and migratory birds than had been 47 , and that wetland loss from damming (筑坝) and the diversion (分散) of river water for irrigation was at least in part 48 for the shorebird decline in Australia. But wetlands are becoming smaller in countries all along the major flyway that 49 from eastern Siberia to New Zealand, the study’s authors note, so protecting the 8 million birds that use the corridor 50 will require an international solution.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented. Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others. So the massacre (大屠杀) on the road may be regarded as a(n) 51 problem.In fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people, just ordinary people acting 52 , you might say. But it is a 53 both of law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse when one’s actions could bring death or damage to others. A minority of the 54 go even beyond carelessness to total irresponsibility.Researchers have estimated that as many as 80 percent of all automobile accidents can be attributed to (归因于) the 55 condition of the driver. Emotional upsets can affect drivers’ reactions, slow their judgment, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be56 . The experts warn that it is 57 for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep one’s emotions under control.Yet drivers are not the only ones to blame for the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problem. Street walkers 58 break traffic regulations, they are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents; and many cyclists even 59 that they are not subject to the basic rules of the road.Significant legal advances have been made towards safer driving in the past few years. Safety 60 for vehicle have been raised both at the point of manufacture and through periodic road-worthiness inspections. 61 , speed limits have been lowered. Due to these62 , the accident rate has decreased. But the accident experts still worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave. The only real and lasting 63 , say the experts, is to convince people that driving is a skilled task. It 64 constant care and concentration. Those who fail todo all these things present a(n) 65 to those with whom they share the road.51. A. social B. practical C. emotional D. legal52. A. strangely B. fearlessly C. carelessly D. selfishly53. A. priority B. principle C. process D. system54. A. survivors B. victims C. suspects D. killers55. A. psychological B. current C. original D. different56. A. impossible B. evident C. avoidable D. serious57. A. abstract B. difficult C. unusual D. vital58. A. accidentally B. consequently C. regularly D. rarely59. A. accuse B. object C. acknowledge D. believe60. A. records B. standards C. proposals D. belts61. A. As a result B. No wonderC. In additionD. On the other hand62. A. measures B. rights C. experts D. warnings63. A. effect B. solution C. change D. achievement64. A. calls for B. aims at C. takes on D. turns to65. A. result B. argument C. threat D. informationSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)(You may read the questions first.)Calling forContributionsKeen to share your views and have your articles published in the Campus Link?We are calling for contributions to the following sections:Lifestyle:Do you travel widely, keep a journal of your adventures and have nice photographs that you might want to share? Or have you simply been somewhere that caught your imagination? Tell us all about your travels! Are you an eager movie-goer? Be Leonard Maltin for the day and share your views of the latest blockbuster（大片）with our readers!If food is your preferred choice of relaxation, Class Notes:Whether it’s about your accomplishments, memories of campus days, your recent career or a new addition to your family, we welcome you to share your news, views and photos with friends and classmates through Class Notes. Read about your classmates in this issue of Campus Link.66. In the Lifestyle section, you may not find ____________.A. journals of travelsB. well-taken photographsC. stories of Leonard MaltinD. opinions on restaurants67. Which of the following is TRUE about Campus Link ?A. It offers readers bread and butter.B. It welcomes research developments and breakthroughs.C. It helps you to recognize your schoolmates and teachers.D. It is a source of inspiration for the community.68. The poster aims to __________.A. declare the rights of Campus LinkB. introduce someone worthy of featureC. share views and articles among teachersD. encourage contributions for the next issue(B)As the new semester begins, millions of college students across the country are trying hard to remember how best to write a paper or, more likely, how best to delay that paper.Procrastination is the thief of time and a lot of students suffer from it. They can spend whole days in the library doing nothing but staring into space, eating snacks, surfing the Internet, watching videos and looking at other students sitting around them, who, most likely, are doing nothing either. Research:If this noble line of work is your bread andbutter or passion, we want to hear from you! Share with Campus Link your research developments andbreakthroughs. If you know of someone(your schoolmate or teacher) whoseresearch work is a source of inspiration forour community, do not hesitate to send in your suggestions!If you are interested in sharing any of the above, or if you know of someone worthy of feature, please get in touch with the Editor-in-Chief, at karinyeo@campuslink.sg . Contributions will be selected based on their relevance and quality and Campus Link reserves the right to publish or reject a submission （提交的文章）. All contributions will be edited for clarity and length. Please send your submissions in word.doc files and your photos in jpeg format. Contributions for the next issue should reach us by 10 June 2013.Paralyzed (使失去活力) by their habit to procrastinate, they write micro blogs about their fears, asking their online friends if they sometimes have the same issue. But this does nothing to break the spell (魔咒).According to a recent report, 95 percent of us procrastinate at so me point and 20 percent of the world’s population are always procrastinating. The figures are disappointing. Procrastinators are less wealthy, less healthy and less happy than those who don’t delay. Procrastinators like to find excuses to justify their behavior, but BBC columnist Rowan Pelling says they are all wrong.Many procrastinators tell themselves they are perfectionists who work best under pressure. Pelling says this is nonsense, as work done at the last minute is more likely to have mistakes than work done on time. The behavior of procrastinators often makes them feel ashamed, inconveniences others and annoys loved ones.Pelling also points out that procrastination feels particularly delinquent (过失的）in a society that thinks of speedy action as admirable, and, at times, even as a moral good.Fortunately, social scientists have thrown their weight behind efforts to understand this behavioral mistake and offer strategies to control it. Piers Steel, a Canadian social scientist and author of The Procrastination Equation, believes human is “designed” to procrastinate. Nevertheless, he suggests a couple of good ways to get through the task at hand.69. From the first two paragraphs we can learn that _________.A. procrastination is beneficial to many studentsB. many students are under great pressure in their studyC. lots of college students work hard to write good essays on timeD. many students have the habit of delaying finishing their tasks70. Which behavior belongs to procrastination?A. Never dream away the time.B. Always complete the tasks ahead of time.C. Never put off till tomorrow what should be done today.D. Always wait to work until the “good mood” or “good time”.71. According to the passage, which of the following statements is not true?A. Procrastination makes people waste their time.B. Procrastinators usually complete their tasks perfectly.C. Speedy action is considered as a moral standard in the society.D. Procrastination is common among people.72. What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?A. Measures to deal with procrastination.B. Approaches to handling the study pressures.C. More examples to illustrate procrastination.D. Introduction to the book The Procrastination Equation.(C)It was 3:45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The measure passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on by way of the group’s online service, Death NET. Says Hofsess: “We posted bulletins all day long, because of course this isn’t just something that happened in Australia. It’s world history.”The full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights of the Terminally Ill Law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the hurry of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back.In Australia—where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part—other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia (安乐死). In the US and Canada, where the right-to-die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes (多米诺骨牌) to start falling.Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request death —probably by a deadly injection or pill — to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed (诊断) as Terminally Ill by two doctors. After a “cooling off” period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year- old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally Ill Law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. “I’m not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how I’d go, because I’ve watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks,” he says.73. Which of the following has the similar meaning to “But the tide is unlikely to turn back.”?A. What happened in Australia can change world history.B. It is impossible to pass the NT Rights of the Terminally Ill Law.C. Doctors are allowed by law to take the lives of the ill patients.D. That the Law has been passed probably can’t be changed.74. From the second paragraph we learn that __________.A. the objection to euthanasia is slow to come in other countriesB. physicians and citizens share the same view on euthanasiaC. changing technology is chiefly responsible for the hurry passage of the lawD. it takes time to realize the significance of the law’s passage75. By saying “observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling”, the author means __________.A. observers are taking a wait-and-see attitude towards the future of euthanasiaB. similar bills are likely to be passed in the U.S., Canada and other countriesC. observers are waiting to see the result of the game of dominoesD. the effect-taking process of the passed bill may finally come to a stop76. When Lloyd Nickson dies, he will __________.A. face his death with calm characteristic of euthanasiaB. experience the suffering of a lung cancer patientC. have an intense fear of terrible sufferingD. undergo a cooling off period of seven days77. The author’s attitude towards euthanasia seems to be that of __________.A. oppositionB. doubtC. approvalD. anxietySection CDirections:Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Businesses are witnessing a difficult time, which has in turn produced influence on consumers’ d esire to go green. However, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns.Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the same degree as they did a year ago, while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.This may help to influence how shops store goods on their shelves. And the companies should still make efforts to become more environmentally friendly. Two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies, with about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their c ustom elsewhere if they felt a company’s environmental reputation was not good enough.Harry Morrison, chief executive of the Carbon Trust, sympathizes：“I understand this situation where survival is very important now. But from environmental considerations, the clock is ticking—we don’t have much time. In addition, cutting carbon emission(排放) has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand.”Larger companies have an extra motivation to look at reducing their carbon footprint, as new rules next year will require businesses to buy carbon allowances to make up for their emissions. Those that have taken early action will have a head start. More than two thirds of consumers are not clear about which companies are environmentally responsible. This suggests that firms that are able to convey clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers.The Carbon Trust believes that it can help by informing customers about the good work companies are doing. “When companies are granted the standard, they can use a logo in all their marketing, which makes it clear that they are working towards cutting emissions,” Mr. Morrison said.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 12 WORDS.)78. According to the passage, what is likely to influence shops on what to sell?79. A company may lose its regular customers unless ______________________.80. According to Harry Morrison, businesses will benefit from __________________.81. According to the last two paragraphs, companies can gain advantages by ____________.第II 卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.82. 越来越多的年轻人花在网上浏览的时间比看书还多。
2014届上海市各区高三英语一模——回答问题汇编
宝山区Millions of personal computers across the world are running at this moment, but most are using just a fraction of their full capacity to process information. Imagine what could happen if the spare power of these millions of machines were used to solve global problems.The organization Charity Engine attempts to do just that. It enables researchers and companies to use the extra computing power of thousands of personal computers. These companies pay a usage fee that goes to carefully selected charities.The computersCharity Engine offers a free app that has the user‟s computer do research as a background task. The program runs automatically, without direction from the user. Each computer works on a small chunk of a larger project and sends back its results. The results are combined to answer the researchers‟ questions.The researchersCharity Engine mostly uses its computing power for companies doing scientific, medical or commercial research. For example, Rosetta@home attempts to help find cures for serious diseases by discovering the shapes of proteins. Another project, Einstein@Home, tests scientific theories. And another helps establishments in Africa such as universities search for ways to fight the spread of malaria.The CharitiesCharity Engine gives 50 percent of the profits from renting out computing power to various charities. Each organization it supports has a good reputation for working in an area of vital importance. Most of them seek to address the primary causes of poverty while bringing short-term relief. These include Oxfam, a network of organizations in 94 countries. Another is CARE International, one of the three largest international aid agencies, which works in 87 countries. Charity Engine also supports Doctors Without Borders, which supplies medical care, and WaterAid, which provides safe water and promotes hygiene(卫生) in developing countries. Another of its charities, Sightsavers, works to prevent and reverse blindness through medical treatments and provides training for the blind. Charity Engine helps many other organizations as well.An added bonusCharity Engine returns the other 50 percent of its earnings to the people who made it all possible. The app users are entered into draws. Chosen at random, the winners receive thousands of dollars in prizes!Thanks to Charity Engine, computing power that would have gone to waste is fighting poverty and bringing healing and hope.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. What does Charity Engine help companies do?___________________________________________________________________________.79. How does Charity Engine spend its earnings?___________________________________________________________________________.80. The computers selected by Charity Engine help researchers and companies through ________.81. According to the passage, besides many organizations, Charity Engine mostly supports _____.崇明县Britain‟s youngest iPad addict (有瘾的人) hasn‟t even started school yet. That‟s right; a four-year-old girl is currently undergoing therapy after becoming addicted to playing games on her iPad.Receiving treatment at the Capio Nightingale Clinic, London, the little girl is said to have become increasingly distressed whenever her parents moved to take the iPad away. Medical help was sought af ter the girl‟s withdrawal symptoms did not improve.Dr. Richard Graham, the girl‟s psychiatrist (精神病医生), said: “In the year running up to contacting the clinic, the parents noticed her use of the iPad was increasing. She was using it three to four hours every day and showed increased anxiety if it was removed.”According to Dr. Graham, parents should strive to keep iPads and similar devices out of the reach of inf ants, believing that: “Children see all the pretty colours and they will want to use it too.”“There are concerns that toys are being replaced by the likes o f iPads and smartphones, but children are not at a level zhucanqi of maturity to deal with such advanced technology. They can‟t cope and become addicted, reacting with bad temper and uncontrollable behavior when they are taken away. Then as they grow older, the problem only gets worse,” Dr. Graham told The Mirror.The UK‟s first technology addiction programme was initiated by Dr. Graham three years ago. It‟s designed to deal with those who become annoyed when deprived from their device. Motivation for creating the treatment programme pfzhizuo came from a concern over the compulsive qualities of games available on iPads.Dr. Graham worries that this is not the only case of iPad addiction among young ones. It comes just after a five-year-old boy managed to cost his parents £1,700, by purchasing various add-ons for a game on the iPad.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.) 78. The case of the four-year-old girl is given to inform us of _________________________________.79. Why is it easier for children to be addicted to iPads?80. What caused Dr. Graham to launch t he UK‟s first technology addiction programme?81. One lesson that can be drawn from the passage by parents of infants is that they should ______________________________________________________.奉贤区Most people look Forward to retirement as a time when they can inally take up activities that they never had the time or energy to pursue beore. But some recent studies on people in their depression and possibly higher rates of other diseases such as heart disease and high blood pressure. That‟s why a new study of French workers is welcome news.Led by Hugo Westerlund, a proessor of psychology at Stockholm University, the study of more than 14,000 workers found lower rates of depression and atigue in people after they got tired while they were still employed.The scientists followed the employees of the French national gas and electric company or 14 years. They found in the year immediately after retirement, the volunteers reported 40% ewer depressive symptoms than they had in the year beore their retirement. The researchers also found an 81% drop in reports of both mental and physical atigue over the same time period.Clearly, said Westerlund, much of these decrease in physical and mental atigue can be traced back to relie rom the stresses of work. The decline in depressive symptoms suggests that retirement may be having a positive mental effect, too, which may have a lot to do with the generous (养老金) that rench workers enjoy . Most retirees in that country still beneit rom about 80% o their yearly salaries.“The economic or inancial situation in retirement is very important,” Westerlund says, “We don‟t know if the decrease in atigue and depressive symptoms is because of the removal o something bad while in work or the addition of something good while in retirement. But no matter the reason, if life in retirement is not comortable, then we won‟t see the improvements we did.”However, in European nations like France, governments are considering changes to pension plans, which may aect retirees‟ health after they leave their jobs－with less of a financial saety net, workers may no longer seem so mentally and physically happy to be out of work.78. According to some recent studies, retired people may have depression and higher rates of other diseases like ___________.79. Westerlund‟s group ound that in the year just after the retirement most retired French workers felt much less tired both ___________.80. What does the word in paragraph 5 refer to?81. Retirement may make people happier with ___________.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)虹口区You are what you eat and fats are a main food for Asia‟s fast-food generation. Dr. Chwang, director of the Department of Food Nutrition, says children are consuming more meat and soft drinks. That is a thorough departure from the traditional diet of vegetables and rice and little meat. “They like big pieces of fried meat with a soft drink. So although they may eat the same volume of food, their calorie intake (卡路里摄入量) has increased. Now about 40 to 45 percent of their calories come from fat,” says Chwang.Although on the whole Asians tend towards thinness, Asians‟ hospitality（好客）is the first and foremost reason for the fatness of today‟s generation, according to Chwang. “Asian people love food,” she says. “Eating and drinking are important social and family functions.” In the past, however, big meals were only hosted on special occasions as people were more careful with money. In today‟s climate of wealth and remarkable consumption, 10-course meals are no longer reserved for significant occasions.Needless to say, that children are being spoilt by their parents is another cause of children‟s overweight. More than anyone else, children are on the receiving end of their parents‟ improved circumstance s. “In the past, people had four or more children —now, they have one or two, so they tend to spoil them,” says Chwang. “The easiest way is to give them …quality food‟. Parents think feeding them well is showing their love. They feel bad when their childre n look thin.”When describing the physical condition of most overweight Asian children, Chwang says: “There is a clear relationship between fatness and indoor play children spend too much time on. Children get fat because they don‟t move, and eventually, they don‟t want to move because they‟re fat. Thanks to technology, a growing army of children prefer video games to old outdoor sports. “What do children do when watching TV or sitting in front of the computer playing video games? They eat chocolate and dri nk Coke,” says Chwang.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. Despite the same volume of food, children take in more calories due to ________.79. Thanks to ________, big meals nowadays are no longer enjoyed on special occasions.80. Why do some parents feel bad when their children look thin?81. According to Dr. Chwang, what are the three factors causing Asian children‟s overweight today?黄浦区The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented. Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal or moral rights of others. So the massacre (大屠杀) on the road may be regarded as a social problem.In fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people just ordinary people acting carelessly, you might say. But it is a principle both of law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse when one‟s actions could bring death o r damages to others. A minority of the killers go even beyond carelessness to total negligence.Researchers have estimated that as many as 80 percent of all automobile accidents can be connected with psychological condition of the driver. Emotional upsets can affect drivers‟ reactions, slow their judgment, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be evident. The experts warn that it is vital for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep one‟s emotions under control.Yet the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problem is not limited to drivers. Street walkers regularly ignore traffic regulations. They are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents; and many cyclists even believe that they are not subject to the basic rules of the road.In the past few years, safety standards for vehicle have been raised both at the point of manufacture and through periodic road-worthiness inspections. In addition, speed limits have been lowered. Due to these measures, the accident rate has decreased. But the accident experts still worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave. The only real and lasting solution, say the experts, is to convince people that driving is a skilled task requiring constant care and concentration. Those who fail to do all these things present a threat to those withwhom they share the road.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. Why road killers can‟t be excused?Because __________.79. In order to avoid automobile accidents, the experts suggest drivers should __________.80. Besides drivers, who should also be blamed for most roads accidents?81. The accident rate has decreased in the past few years because of __________.嘉定区Stress for a teenage r is as real a problem as stress for an adult. Therefore, it‟s important to understand the causes of stress in teenagers.When parents change their jobs or if the family decides to move to a different place, the child has to change schools, find new friends, adapt to the new social circle and fit into new groups. It is always difficult for children to adapt to such changes, which can be a serious cause of stress in their life.Academic difficulties, such as inability to understand a certain subject can cause stress. Not every child has the ability to understand every subject. Some kids need extra help besides school work to grasp a few concepts. Poor academic performance is often laughed at and is looked down upon by both teachers and peers. In such cases, it can make the child feel isolated, neglected and hurt. All of this, put together, can add to stress, which many times worsens grades.Extra curricular activities(课外活动) such as playing a sport, or attending art classes can weigh heavily on your child‟s mind. Balancing school and extra curricular activities does seem like a burden when you have to be outstanding at both. When the pressures from both the ends get unmanageable, teenagers tend to get tired and annoyed. Tiredness sets in, leading to stress related issues such as lack of concentration in school.These are the common causes of stress in teenagers, which can be noticed through signs such as poor memory, anxiety, negative and pessimistic attitude. If the signs of teenage stress go unrecognized for a long time, it can make the child emotionally out of balance. And next step, if this happens, it is necessary for parents to know how to deal with stress.78. What does the passage mainly talk about?______________________________________________________.79. Poor academic performance causes stress for children because it tends ________________________________________________.80. How can parents know that their teenagers are under stress?They can know that if their children __________________________________________ 81. The common causes of stress in teenagers introduced by the author are:_________________________________________ and extra curricular activities.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN THIRTEEN WORDS)金山区However important we may regard school life to be, there is no denying the fact that children spend more time at home than in the classroom. Therefore, the great influence of parents cannotbe ignored or discounted by the teacher. They can become strong allies of the school personnel or they can consciously or unconsciously hinder and frustrate curricular objectives.Administrators have been aware of the need to keep parents informed of the newer methods used in schools. Many principles have conducted workshops explaining such matters as the reading readiness program, manuscript writing and developmental mathematics. Moreover, the classroom teacher, with the permission of the supervisors, can also play an important role in enlightening parents. The informal tea and the many interviews carried on during the year, as well as new ways of reporting pupils‟progress, can significantly aid in achieving a harmonious interplay between school and home.To illustrate, suppose that a father has been drilling Junior in arithmetic processes night after night. In a friendly interview, the teacher can help the parent sublimate (升华) his natural paternal interest into productive channels. He might be persuaded to let Junior participate in discussing the family budget, buying the food, using a standard or measuring cup at home, setting the clock, calculating mileage on a trip and engaging in scores of other activities that have a mathematical basis.If the father follows the advice, it is reasonable to assume that he will soon realize his son is making satisfactory progress in mathematics, and at the same time, enjoying the work. Too often, however, teachers‟conferences with parents are devoted to petty(不重要的) accounts of children‟s misdeeds, complaints about laziness and poor work habits, and suggestion for penalties and rewards at home.What is needed is a more creative approach in which the teacher, as a professional adviser, plants ideas in parents‟ minds for the best utilization of the many hours that the child spends out of the classroom.In this way, the school and the home join forces in fostering the fullest development of youngsters‟capacities.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements with NO MORE THAN 14 WORDS) 78. Why do parents also have great influence on children?_____________________________________________________________________________ 79. Through which ways can the teacher play an important role in enlightening parents?_____________________________________________________________________________ 80. According to the teacher, that parent should let the boy _____________________________ if he wants to sublimate his natural paternal interest into productive channels in teaching his son arithmetic.81. A more creative approach is needed for _____________________of children out of classroom. 静安区It is 2035. You have a job, a family and you are about 40 years old! Welcome to your future life.Getting ready for work, you pause in front of the mirror. “Turn red,” you say. Your shirt changes from sky blue to deep red. Tiny preprogrammed electronics are rearranged in your shirt to change its color. Looking into the mirror, you find it hard to believe you‟re 40. You look muchyounger. With amazing progress in medicine, people in your generation may live to be 150 years old. You are not even middle-aged!As you go into the kitchen and prepare to pour your breakfast cereal into a bowl, you hear, “To lose weight, you shouldn‟t eat that,” from your shoes. They read the tiny electronic code on the cereal box to find out the nutrition details. You decide to listen to your shoes. “Kitchen, what can I have for breakfast?” A list of possible foods appears on the counter as the kitchen checks its food supplies.“Ready for your trip to space?” you ask your son and daughter. In 2005 only specially trained astronauts went into space—and very few of them. Today anyone can go to space for day trips or longer vacations. Your best friend even works in space. Handing your children three strawberries each, you add, “The doctor said you need these for space travel.” Thanks to medical progress, vaccination shots (防疫针) are a thing of the past. Ordinary foods contain the vaccines. With the strawberries in their mouths, the kids head for the front door.It‟s time for you to go to work. Your car checks your fingerprints and unlocks the doors. “My office, Autopilot,” you order. Your car drives itself down the road and moves smoothly into traffic on the highway. You sit back and unroll your e-newspaper. The latest news downloads and fills the viewer. Looking through the pages, you watch the news as video film rather than read it. (Notes: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.)78. What changes the color of your shirt?79. The shoes know that yo u shouldn‟t eat the breakfast cereal by__________.80. What do the strawberries the children eat serve as?81. In the future, when you look through the pages in the e-newspapers, ___________.闵行区Businesses are witnessing a difficult time, which has in turn produced influence on consumers‟ d esire to go green. However, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns.Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the same degree as they did a year ago, while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.This may help to influence how shops store goods on their shelves. And the companies should still make efforts to become more environmentally friendly. Two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies, with about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a company‟s environmental reputation was not good enough.Harry Morrison, chief executive of the Carbon Trust, sympathizes：“I understand this situation where survival is very important now. But from environmental considerations, the clock is ticking—we don‟t have much time. In addition, cutting carbon emission(排放) has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand.”Larger companies have an extra motivation to look at reducing their carbon footprint, as new rules next year will require businesses to buy carbon allowances to make up for their emissions.Those that have taken early action will have a head start. More than two thirds of consumers are not clear about which companies are environmentally responsible. This suggests that firms that are able to convey clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers.The Carbon Trust believes that it can help by informing customers about the good work companies are doing. “When companies are granted the standard, they can use a logo in all their marketing, which makes it clear that they are working towards cutting emissions,” Mr. Morrison said.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 12 WORDS.)78. According to the passage, what is likely to influence shops on what to sell?79. A company may lose its regular customers unless ______________________.80. According to Harry Morrison, businesses will benefit from __________________.81. According to the last two paragraphs, companies can gain advantages by ____________.浦东新区Th e launch of the UK’s biggest online university venture has the potential to “revolutionise conventional models of formal education” and keep UK ahead in the global race to deliver the best education, says universities minister David Willetts.The FutureLearn project will see more than 20 institutions enter the global market to offer massive open online courses, or Moocs. Until now, the US has led the way in the creation of Moocs, catering to an estimated 3 million learners worldwide with hundreds of courses from a range of top institutions.Bath, Exeter, Birmingham, Edinburgh and Warwick are among the 21 UK universities that have signed up. The British Library, British Museum and British Council will also make material available to students. The venture, set up by the Open University, is a response to the rise of Moocs and will offer students a new and innovative way to access courses, says Martin Bean vice-chancellor of the Open University. Bean said, “Time and again we have seen the impact the Internet can have on industries — driving innovation and enhancing the customer experience. I have no doubt Moocs will do the same for education — offering people new and exciting ways to learn.”A senior academic at University College London — which has chosen not to be involved in FutureLearn —has questioned whether the Mooc model is the best road for universities to go down. Although free for students, online courses have some downsides. Stephen Caddick, professor at the university, says students want flexibility ab ove all. “Moocs are an online product of higher education currently experienced offline by a lot of students: inflexible”, said Caddick. “These courses are free to students, yet very expensive to develop for universities. ”Simon Nelson, CEO of FutureLearn, said university partners see this opportunity as “money extremely well spent”, helping them to boost their global profile and encourage experimentation and innovation within university departments. According to Nelson, FutureLearn will continue to expand its number of partners both in the UK and overseas, as well as develop its commercial model, which in the future could see students paying to take exams and purchase extra course material.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVEWORDS.)78. Besides revolutionizing traditional educational models, FutureLearn has the potential to ______________________.79. How many learners all over the world have benefited from the online courses offered by American universities?80. What are the two downsides of online courses mentioned by Stephen Caddic?81. What is the plan for FutureLearn according to Nelson?普陀区Being a social butterfly just might change your brain: In people with a large network of friends and excellent social skills, certain brain regions are bigger and better connected than in people with fewer friends, a new study finds.The research suggests a connection between social interactions and brain structure. “We're interested in how your brain is able to allow you to find the right way in complex social environments,” MaryAnn Noonan said, a neuroscientist (神经学家) at Oxford University. Studies in monkeys have shown that brain areas involved in face processing and in predicting the intentions of others are larger in animals living in large social groups than in ones living in smaller groups.To investigate these brain differences in humans, Noonan and her colleagues found 18 participants for a structural brain-imaging study. They asked people how many social interactions they had experienced in the past month, in order to determine the size of their social networks. As was the case in monkeys, some brain areas were enlarged and better connected in people with larger social networks. “These different brain regions are all singing different songs,” Noonan said. “Networked areas are all singing the same song, and when they're connected better, they're singing more harmoniously with each other.”The researchers also tested whether the size of a person's social network was linked with changes in white-matter pathways, the nerve fibers(纤维) that connect different brain regions. Again, they found that white-matter pathways were better connected in people with bigger social networks. "The nerves were more like a Los Angeles freeway than a country road," Noonan said.The researchers couldn't say whether social interaction caused these changes in brain structure and connectivity, or whether the brain determined how social someone was. In the case of the monkeys, the researchers asked and wrote down the size of the animals' social network, so they concluded that social-group size was causing the brain differences. It can be inferred that a similar process takes place in human brains, but to prove this, long-term studies are needed, Noonan told LiveScience.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. The certain brain regions in people with fewer friends are ______.79. According to Noonan, the certain brain areas whose functions are to _________ are larger in more-sociable monkeys.80. How did Noonan and her colleagues know about the size of participants‟ social networks?81. According to the researcher‟s findings, what would make the brains of monkeys different?青浦区Every year in America, high-school students who want to go on to college take a national examination called the Scholastic Aptitude Test, or SAT in a shortened way. Their score is an important factor in determining which colleges will admit them or whether any will be admitted at a ll. The Scholastic Aptitude Test measures one‟s mathematical ability and use of the English language. Traditionally, the English portion involved grammatical questions and paragraphs that test reading comprehension.But the SAT folks have added a single question, to be answered in an essay, hand-written on the spot. That‟s an interesting way to test writing ability, but content aside, have you ever seen young people‟s handwriting lately? Or anyone‟s for that matter, in this age of computer keyboards? Students write numbers and sign their names on bank checks. They scribble class notes in what can generously be described as the written word. And they hand-write, or more often print, a word or two of identification on luggage and lunch bags. Otherwise, penmanship (书法) — once taught so morally and carefully by second-grade teachers, has gone the way of the dodo bird which has died out.Yet today‟s kids are asked to write, in a thoughtful and clear way, for several minutes on this SAT Test. Good luck to the test scorers who must work out difficultly what has been written by young people who‟ve been typing on computers since the age of three! Teachers insist that good handwriting can not only help one‟s score on the SAT, but also, later on in life, impress poten tial employers and get more tax money back because the tax inspectors can actually read the computations. And don‟t forget, we all have to rely on handwriting from time to time, as computers go down when the power goes out.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. In SAT, students will be tested on math, grammar, reading and__________________________________________________________.79. What does the underlined word “scribble” in paragraph 2 mean?__________________________________________________________.80. Why did the writer think test scorers would have a hard time?。
上海市闵行区2014届高三英语一模试卷(含答案及听力文字)
II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we all begin to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero?(25)______ immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.A hero does something worth (26) ______ (talk) about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community who will listen. But a hero goes beyond mere fame.Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high-voltage(高电压) transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down (27) ______ ______ it can be used by ordinary people.The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine hero (28) ______ (experience) life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would-be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? (29) ______ the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes.Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, (30) ______ who would claim that their fans find life more abundant?Heroes are catalysts (催化剂) for change. They have a vision from the mountaintop. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India (31) ______ still be part of the British Empire. (32) ______ may be possible for large-scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.(B)When young people get their real jobs, they may face a lot of new, confusing situation. They may find that everything is different from the way things (33) ______ (be) at school. It is also possible that they will feel uncomfortable in both professional and social situations. Eventually, they realize that university classes can’t be the only preparation for all of the different situations (34) ______ appear in the working world.Perhaps the best way (35) ______ (learn) how to behave in the working world is to identify a worker you admire and observe his behavior. In doing so, you’ll be able to see what it is (36) ______ you admire in this person. For example, you will observe how he acts when he is in trouble. Perhaps even (37) ______ (important), you will be able to see what his approach to everyday situations (38) ______ (be). While you are observing your colleague,you should be asking yourself whether his behavior is like (39) ______ and how you can learn from his response to different situations. By (40) ______ (learn) from a model, you will probably begin to identify and learn good working habits.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. revealedB. countsC. responsibleD. releaseE. virtuallyF. extentG. annuallyH. extinctI. extends J. monitor K. realizedIn the time that records have been kept of bird populations, 20 percent of all species have gone 41 . More are likely to follow. In March the 42 of a large-scale, 24-year survey gave one of the clearest pictures yet of the decline of Australian and Asian shorebirds, including the long-distance migrants (候鸟) that are most difficult to 43 . The results of the survey are awful.Every October for more than two decades, teams from the University of New South Wales in Australia counted birds from an airplane flown low over 130,000 square miles of wetlands in the eastern third of the continent. Their 44 showed a steady decline, beginning in the mid-1980s. By 2006 the number of migratory shorebirds had dropped by 73 percent and the number of Australia’s resident of shorebirds had fallen by 81 percent. “The 45 of the decline took us by surprise,”says evolutionary ecologist Silke Nebel of the University of Western Ontario in London, the lead author of the report.The survey 46 that inland wetlands were more important to both resident and migratory birds than had been 47 , and that wetland loss from damming (筑坝) and the diversion(分散) of river water for irrigation was at least in part 48 for the shorebird decline in Australia. But wetlands are becoming smaller in countries all along the major flyway that 49 from eastern Siberia to New Zealand, the study’s authors note, so protecting the 8 million birds that use the corridor 50 will require an international solution.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented. Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others. So the massacre (大屠杀) on the road may be regarded as a(n) 51 problem.In fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people, just ordinary people acting 52 , you might say. But it is a 53 both of law and common morality that carelessness is no ex cuse when one’s actions could bring death or damage to others. Aminority of the 54 go even beyond carelessness to total irresponsibility.Researchers have estimated that as many as 80 percent of all automobile accidents can be attributed to(归因于) the 55 condition of the driver. Emotional upsets can affect drivers’ reactions, slow their judgment, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be 56 . The experts warn that it is 57 for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep one’s emotions under control.Yet drivers are not the only ones to blame for the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problem. Street walkers 58 break traffic regulations, they are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents; and many cyclists even 59 that they are not subject to the basic rules of the road.Significant legal advances have been made towards safer driving in the past few years. Safety 60 for vehicle have been raised both at the point of manufacture and through periodic road-worthiness inspections. 61 , speed limits have been lowered. Due to these 62 , the accident rate has decreased. But the accident experts still worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave. The only real and lasting 63 , say the experts, is to convince people that driving is a skilled task. It 64 constant care and concentration. Those who fail to do all these things present a(n) 65 to those with whom they share the road.51. A. social B. practical C. emotional D. legal52. A. strangely B. fearlessly C. carelessly D. selfishly53. A. priority B. principle C. process D. system54. A. survivors B. victims C. suspects D. killers55. A. psychological B. current C. original D. different56. A. impossible B. evident C. avoidable D. serious57. A. abstract B. difficult C. unusual D. vital58. A. accidentally B. consequently C. regularly D. rarely59. A. accuse B. object C. acknowledge D. believe60. A. records B. standards C. proposals D. belts61. A. As a result B. No wonderC. In additionD. On the other hand62. A. measures B. rights C. experts D. warnings63. A. effect B. solution C. change D. achievement64. A. calls for B. aims at C. takes on D. turns to65. A. result B. argument C. threat D. informationSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, Cand D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)(You may read the questions first.)66. In the Lifestyle section, you may not find ____________. Calling forContributions Keen to share your views and have your articles published in the Campus Link ? We are calling for contributions to the following sections: Lifestyle:Do you travel widely, keep a journal of your adventures and have nice photographs that you might want to share? Or have yousimplybeen somewhere that caught your imagination? Tell us all about your travels! Are you an eager movie-goer? Be LeonardMaltin for the day and share your views of the latest blockbuster （大片）with ourreaders!If food is your preferred choice of relaxation,try your hand at being food critic and sendus your views on food/restaurants worth trying. Research:If this noble line of work is your bread andbutter or passion, we want to hear from you! Share with Campus Link your research developments andbreakthroughs. If you know of someone(your schoolmate or teacher) whoseresearch work is a source of inspiration forour community, do not hesitate to send in your suggestions!Class Notes: Whether it ’s about your accomplishments, memories of campus days, your recent career or a new addition to your family, we welcome you to share your news, views and photos with friends and classmates through Class Notes. Read about your classmates in this issue of Campus Link . If you are interested in sharing any of the above, or if you know of someone worthy of feature, please get in touch with the Editor-in-Chief, at karinyeo@campuslink.sg . Contributions will be selected based on their relevance and quality and Campus Link reserves the right to publish or reject a submission （提交的文章）. All contributions will be edited for clarity and length. Please send your submissions in word.doc files and your photos in jpeg format. Contributions for the next issue should reach us by 10 June 2013.A. journals of travelsB. well-taken photographsC. stories of Leonard MaltinD. opinions on restaurants67. Which of the following is TRUE about Campus Link?A. It offers readers bread and butter.B. It welcomes research developments and breakthroughs.C. It helps you to recognize your schoolmates and teachers.D. It is a source of inspiration for the community.68. The poster aims to __________.A. declare the rights of Campus LinkB. introduce someone worthy of featureC. share views and articles among teachersD. encourage contributions for the next issue(B)As the new semester begins, millions of college students across the country are trying hard to remember how best to write a paper or, more likely, how best to delay that paper.Procrastination is the thief of time and a lot of students suffer from it. They can spend whole days in the library doing nothing but staring into space, eating snacks, surfing the Internet, watching videos and looking at other students sitting around them, who, most likely, are doing nothing either.Paralyzed(使失去活力) by their habit to procrastinate, they write micro blogs about their fears, asking their online friends if they sometimes have the same issue. But this does nothing to break the spell (魔咒).According to a recent report, 95 percent of us procrastinate at some point and 20 percent of the world’s population are always procrastinating. The figures are disappointing. Procrastinators are less wealthy, l ess healthy and less happy than those who don’t delay. Procrastinators like to find excuses to justify their behavior, but BBC columnist Rowan Pelling says they are all wrong.Many procrastinators tell themselves they are perfectionists who work best under pressure. Pelling says this is nonsense, as work done at the last minute is more likely to have mistakes than work done on time. The behavior of procrastinators often makes them feel ashamed, inconveniences others and annoys loved ones.Pelling also points out that procrastination feels particularly delinquent(过失的）in a society that thinks of speedy action as admirable, and, at times, even as a moral good.Fortunately, social scientists have thrown their weight behind efforts to understand this behavioral mistake and offer strategies to control it. Piers Steel, a Canadian social scientistand author of The Procrastination Equation, believes human is “designed” to procrastinate. Nevertheless, he suggests a couple of good ways to get through the task at hand.69. From the first two paragraphs we can learn that _________.A. procrastination is beneficial to many studentsB. many students are under great pressure in their studyC. lots of college students work hard to write good essays on timeD. many students have the habit of delaying finishing their tasks70. Which behavior belongs to procrastination?A. Never dream away the time.B. Always complete the tasks ahead of time.C. Never put off till tomorrow what should be done today.D. Always wait to wor k until the “good mood” or “good time”.71. According to the passage, which of the following statements is not true?A. Procrastination makes people waste their time.B. Procrastinators usually complete their tasks perfectly.C. Speedy action is considered as a moral standard in the society.D. Procrastination is common among people.72. What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?A. Measures to deal with procrastination.B. Approaches to handling the study pressures.C. More examples to illustrate procrastination.D. Introduction to the book The Procrastination Equation.(C)It was 3:45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia’s Northern Ter ritory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The measure passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on by way of the group’s online service, Death NET. Says Hofsess: “We posted bulletins all day long, because of course this isn’t just something that happened in Australia. It’s world history.”The full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights of the Terminally Ill Law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the hurry of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back.In Australia—where an aging population, life-extendingtechnology and changing community attitudes have all played their part—other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia(安乐死). In the US and Canada, where the right-to-die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes (多米诺骨牌) to start falling.Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request death — probably by a deadly injection or pill — to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed (诊断) as Terminally Ill by two doctors. After a “cooling off” period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year- old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally Ill Law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. “I’m not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how I’d go, because I’ve watched people die in the hospital fig hting for oxygen and clawing at their masks,” he says.73. Which of the following has the similar meaning to “But the tide is unlikely to turnback.”?A. What happened in Australia can change world history.B. It is impossible to pass the NT Rights of the Terminally Ill Law.C. Doctors are allowed by law to take the lives of the ill patients.D. That the Law has been passed probably can’t be changed.74. From the second paragraph we learn that __________.A. the objection to euthanasia is slow to come in other countriesB. physicians and citizens share the same view on euthanasiaC. changing technology is chiefly responsible for the hurry passage of the lawD. it takes time to realize the significance of the law’s passage75. By saying “observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling”, the author means__________.A. observers are taking a wait-and-see attitude towards the future of euthanasiaB. similar bills are likely to be passed in the U.S., Canada and other countriesC. observers are waiting to see the result of the game of dominoesD. the effect-taking process of the passed bill may finally come to a stop76. When Lloyd Nickson dies, he will __________.A. face his death with calm characteristic of euthanasiaB. experience the suffering of a lung cancer patientC. have an intense fear of terrible sufferingD. undergo a cooling off period of seven days77. The author’s attitude towards euthanasia seems to be that of __________.A. oppositionB. doubtC. approvalD. anxietySection CDirections:Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Businesses are witnessing a difficult time, which has in turn produced influence on consumers’ d esire to go green. However, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns.Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the same degree as they did a year ago, while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.This may help to influence how shops store goods on their shelves. And the companies should still make efforts to become more environmentally friendly. Two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies, with about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a company’s environmental reputation was not good enough.Harry Morrison, chief executive of the Carbon Trust, sympathizes：“I understand this situation where survival is very important now. But from environmental considerations, the clock is ticking—we don’t have much time. In addition, cutting carbon emission (排放) has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-ter m benefit for the brand.”Larger companies have an extra motivation to look at reducing their carbon footprint, as new rules next year will require businesses to buy carbon allowances to make up for their emissions. Those that have taken early action will have a head start. More than two thirds of consumers are not clear about which companies are environmentally responsible. This suggests that firms that are able to convey clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers.The Carbon Trust believes that it can help by informing customers about the good work companies are doing. “When companies are granted the standard, they can use a logo in all their marketing, which makes it clear that they are working towards cutting emiss ions,” Mr. Morrison said.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 12 WORDS.)78. According to the passage, what is likely to influence shops on what to sell?79. A company may lose its regular customers unless ______________________.80. According to Harry Morrison, businesses will benefit from __________________.81. According to the last two paragraphs, companies can gain advantages by ____________.第II 卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.82. 越来越多的年轻人花在网上浏览的时间比看书还多。
上海市各区高三英语一模试卷分类汇编：翻译
2014-2015学年高三英语一模翻译汇编I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我从未想到我校篮球队会在决赛中败北。
(occur)2. 那只迷路的猴子得到了村民们的精心照顾。
(care)3. 他再也无法忍受没有被晋升为部门经理的事实。
(No longer)4. 就教师而言，没有什么比能看到学生取得进步更令人高兴的了。
(than)5. 尽管这项计划的初衷是为了提高人民的生活水平，但由于种种原因计划未能实施。
(intend)1.It never occurred to me that the basketball team of my school would be defeated in the final.2. That lost monkey was taken good care of by the villagers.3. No longer can he bear the fact that he wasn’t promoted to department manager.4. As for the teachers, there is nothing more joyful than witnessing the progress made by the students.5. Although this plan had been intended to improve the living standards of our p eople, it wasn’t implemented for some reasons.I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 前天，许多物理学家出席了颁奖典礼。
(完整版)14.2014闵行一模英语试卷
闵行区 2013-2014 学年度第一学期期末质量抽查初三英语试卷（满分 150 分，完卷时间100 分钟）考生注意：本卷有 7 大题，共 94 小题。
试题均采纳连续编号，全部答案务必依据规定在答题卡上完成，做在试卷上不给分。
Part 1 Listening（第一部分听力）I. Listening comprehension (听力理解)(共 30 分 )A. Listen and choose the right picture (依据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片): ( 共 6 分 )1. ______2. ______3. ______4. ______5. ______6. ______B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (依据你听到的对话和问题，选出最合适的答案):(共 8分 )7.A) Comic strips.B) Novels.C) Story books.D) Science fiction.8.A) Cloudy.B) Rainy.C) Sunny.D) Windy.9.A) On Saturday morning.B) On Saturday afternoon.C) On Sunday morning D) On Sunday evening.10.A) Ten.B) Twenty.C) Thirty.D) Forty.11.A) By bus.B) By taxi.C) By underground.D) On foot.12.A) In an office.B) In a bar.C) In a restaurant.D) In a shop.13.A) A teacher and a student.B) A doctor and a patient.C) Salesman and a customer.D) Father and daughter.14.A) She didn’ t have a watch.B) She didn’ tr heathe alarm clock.C) She forgot to set the alarm clock.D) The clock went wrong.C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断以下句子能否吻合你听到的内容, 吻合的用“ A ”表示，不吻合的用“B”表示 ): ( 共 6 分 )15.Andy was on a trip in England in order to improve his English.16. When Andy spoke to people face to face, he still had problems.17.Andy missed his flight because he forgot his flight time.18.If Andy took the next flight; he didn’ t have to pay for another ticket.19.When Andy came to know that his stay in England would be longer, he felt upset.20.From the story we know Andy could spend another three days in England.D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences ( 听短文，完成以下内容。
上海市闵行区2014年中考一模(即期末)英语试题及答案
闵行区2013-2014学年度第一学期期末质量抽查初三英语试卷（满分150分，完卷时间100分钟）2014.01考生注意：本卷有7大题，共94小题。
试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答题卡上完成，做在试卷上不给分。
Part 1 Listening （第一部分听力）I. Listening comprehension (听力理解) (共30 分)A. Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片): (共6分)1. ______2. ______3. ______4. ______5. ______6. ______B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案): (共8分)7.A) Comic strips B) Novels C) Story books D) Science fiction8. A) Cloudy B) Rainy C) Sunny D) Windy9. A) On Saturday morning B) On Saturday afternoonC) On Sunday morning D) On Sunday evening10. A) Ten B) Twenty C) Thirty D) Forty11.A)By bus B) By taxi C) By underground D)on foot12. A) In an office B) in a bar C)In a restaurant D) in a shop13.A) A teacher and a student B) A doctor and a patientC）salesman and a customer D) Father and daughter14.A) She didn’t have a watch B) She didn’t hear the alarm clockC) She forgot to set the alarm clock D)The clock went wrongC. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的内容, 符合的用“A”表示，不符合的用“B”表示): (共6分)15.Andy was on a trip in England in order to improve his English.16. When Andy spoke to people face to face, he still had problems.17. Andy missed his flight because he forgot his flight time.18. If Andy took the next flight; he didn’t have to pay for another ticket.19. When Andy came to know that his stay in England would be longer, he felt upset.20.From the story we know Andy could spend another three days in England.D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences (听短文，完成下列内容。
上海市闵行区2014届高三下学期教育质量调研考试(二模)英语试题及答案
闵行区2013学年第二学期高三年级质量调研考试 英语试卷 考生注意： 1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题纸上将学校、姓名及准考证号填写清楚。
答题时客观题用2B 铅笔按要求填涂，主观题用黑色水笔书写。
2. 本试卷分为第I 卷和第II 卷，共12页。
满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第I 卷 (共103分) I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Customer and waitress. B. Teacher and student. C. Boss and secretary. D. Lawyer and client. 2. A. 7:00. B. 7:10. C. 9:00. D. 9:10. 3. A. In a seafood market. B. At a restaurant. C. On a fishing boat. D. In a store specializing in seashells. 4. A. Making a pot of coffee. B. Trying different brands of coffee. C. Drinking less coffee. D. Getting a different coffee pot. 5. A. Confused. B. Depressed. C. Relieved. D. Worried. 6. A. They ’d better not go riding. B. Riding a bike is a great idea. C. It ’s not good riding in the rain. D. They can go riding half an hour later. 7. A. Still he doesn ’t like living on campus. B. School has changed little since last year. C. He has made many new friends. D. He enjoys campus life all the same. 8. A. It ’s even harder than people say. B. He doesn’t believe it’s hard for everybody. C. It ’s not as hard as he ’d thought.…………………密○………………………………………封○………………………………………○线…………………………………D. It’s hard to know what to believe about it.9. A. Mike isn’t a very good violinist.B. It’s rather late to ask Mike now.C. There will be other musicians to introduce.D. Someone else should make the introductions.10. A. The exam questions were too difficult.B. The questions had little connection with the course.C. He couldn’t finish the questions within the time allowed.D. He found the questions easy to answer.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. She had never been punished for a driving offence.B. She had always been driving at a high speed.C. She could still drive her old car like a woman half her age.D. She had never offended the law.12. A. Because she wanted to break her record.B. Because she couldn’t tell red from green.C. Because her eyes had become weak with old age.D. Because she drove too fast and couldn’t brake.13. A. She showed the judge her clean record.B. She threaded a needle with a small eye with ease.C. She opened her handbag and picked out the medical record.D. She defended herself by raising lots of questions for the judge.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To make corrections in spelling and grammar.B. To make the main idea clear to the reader.C. To add more specific details and examples.D. To improve overall effectiveness.15. A. By the end of the term.B. Before the paper becomes clear to the reader.C. Two weeks before the final due date.D. After you finish the course.16. A. To review material covered in an earlier lecture.B. To change students’ approach to writing.C. To point out an example of good writing.D. To give an assignment for the next class.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write no more than THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Walking down a path, I saw a small pool of water ahead on the path. I angled my direction to go around it on the part of the path (25)______ wasn’t covered by water or mud. As I reached the pool, I was suddenly attacked! Yet I did nothing for the attack. It was so unexpected. I was surprised as well as unhurtthough I (26)______(strike) four or five times. I backed up a foot and my attacker stopped (27)______(attack) me. I found it amusing. And I was laughing. After all, I was being attacked by a butterfly!Having stopped laughing, I stepped back (28)______(look) the situation over. My attacker moved back to land on the ground. That’s when I discovered why my attacker was charging me only moments (29)______(early). He had a mate and she was dying.Sitting close beside her, he opened and closed his wings as if to fan her. I could only admire the love and courage of that butterfly in his concern for his mate, even though she was clearly dying and I was so large. He did so just to give her those extra few precious moments of life, (30)______ ______ I was careless enough to step on her. His courage in attacking something thousands of times larger and heavier than himself just for his mate’s safety seemed admirable. I couldn’t do anything other than (31)______(reward) him by walking on the more difficult side of the pool. He had truly earned those moments to be with her, undisturbed.Since then, I’ve always tried to remember the courage of that butterfly (32)______ I see huge barriers facing me.(B)You’ve probably seen athletes who take their own successes too seriously. They celebrate a goal with a very long victory dance or continually talk big about their abilities. This is the exact opposite of (33)______ sportsmanship is all about.Everyone feels great when they win, but it can be just as hard to be a good sport（有运动家品格的人）when you have won a game as when you have lost one. Sportsmanship takes courage — when you work really hard at a sport, it’s not easy (34)______(admit) you made a bad play or someone has more skills than you. In competition — as in life — you may not always win but you can learn (35)______ from losing, too.It’s pretty tough to lose, so it is definitely annoying if someone continues making fun of you or your team (36)______ the competition is over. Sometimes it’s hard to swallow your pride and walk on. But there’s alwa ys the next match.When you do lose—and it will happen—lose with class（风度）. (37)______(be) proud of how you performed, or at least realizing things you need to improve for next time, is the key. When it comes to losing, sportsmanship means congratulating the winners willingly. Also, it means accepting the game result without complaint and without excuses, (38)______ ______ you sometimes might doubt the referees（裁判员）made some questionable calls.When you win, the good way is to be a polite and generous winner. Sportsmanship means admitting victories (39)______ putting your opponents to shame and letting victories speak for themselves, that is, being quietly proud of success. Despite the fact (40)______ you have a massive win, sportsmanship means still finding ways to praise your opponents.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.“In wilderness is the preservation of the world.” This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism. The frequency with which it is borrowed41 a heated debate on environmental protection: whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out, there is a strong appeal in images of the wild, the untouched; more than anything else, they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly. The 42 to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong, and the danger exploitation brings to such landscapes is real. Some of these wildernesses also perform43 that humans need—the rainforests, for example, store carbon in vast quantities.Lee Lane, a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the 44 view. He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services, such as water conservation. But that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human 45 , or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation. There are ever more people on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for 46 . While the ways of using resources have improved, there is still a growing need for raw materials, and some wildernesses contain them in abundance. If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide, the argument goes, there is no 47 reason not to do so. Being untouched is not, in itself, a characteristic worth valuing above all others.I look forward to seeing these views taken further, and to their being 48 by the other participants. One opinion is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly. And there is a 49 question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the guidance of reason. What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously50 much more serious thinking.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The health-care economy is filled with unusual and even unique economic relationships. One of the least understood involves the 51 roles of producer or “provider” and purchaser or “consumer” in the typical doctor-patient relationship. In most sectors of the economy, it is the seller who attempts to attract a(n) 52 buyer with various inducements (引诱) of price, quality, and utility, and it is the buyer who makes the decision. Such condition,53 , is not common in most of the health-care industry.In the health-care industry, the doctor-patient relationship is the mirror image of the54 relationship between producer and consumer. Once an individual has chosen to see a physician—and even then there may be no real choice– it is the physician who usually makes all significant 55 decisions: whether the patient should return “next Wednesday,” whether X-rays are needed, whether drugs should be prescribed, etc. It is a rare and experienced patient who will 56 such decisions madeby experts or raise in advance questions about price, especially when the disease is regarded as 57 .This is particularly 58 in relation to hospital care. The physician must give evidence of the 59 for hospitalization, determine what procedures will be performed, and announce when the patient may be allowed to leave. The patient may be consulted about some of these decisions, but in the main it is the doctor’s judgments that are 60 . Little wonder then that in the eye of the hospital it is the physician who is the real “consumer.” As a consequence, the 61 represents the “power center” in hospital policy and decision-making, not the administration.Although usually there are in this situation four recognizable participants — the physician, the hospital, the patient, and the payer (generally an insurance carrier or government) — the physician makes the 62 for all of them. The hospital becomes an extension of the physician; the payer generally 63 most of the bills generated by the physician/hospital; and for the most part the patient plays a 64 role. We estimate that about 75-80 percent of health-care 65 are determined by physicians, not patients. For this reason, economy directed at patients or the general are relatively ineffective.51. A. peculiar B. normal C. minor D. vital52. A. eager B. potential C. overseas D. reluctant53. A. moreover B. therefore C. however D. instead54. A. ordinary B. permanent C. stable D. intense55. A. difficult B. conscious C. early D. purchasing56. A. accept B. confirm C. challenge D. announce57. A. common B. serious C. mild D. preventable58. A. significant B. rare C. changeable D. alternative59. A. choice B. need C. disadvantage D. importance60. A. balanced B. accurate C. independent D. final61. A. patient B. medical staff C. government D. insurance agent62. A. academic B. typical C. unique D. essential63. A. reduces B. sends C. loses D. meets64. A. traditional B. clear C. passive D. dominant65. A. spending B. schedule C. therapy D. requirementSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Foxes and farmers have never got on well. These small dog-like animals have long been accused of killing farm animals. They are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them.Farmers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox population. Hunting consists of pursuing a fox across the countryside, with a group of specially trained dogs, followed by men and women riding horses. When the dogs eventually catch the fox they kill it or a hunter shoots it.People who take part in hunting think of it as a sport; they wear a special uniform of red coats andwhite trousers, and follow strict codes of behavior. But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive, so most hunters are wealthy.It is estimated that up to 100,000 people watch or take part in fox hunting. But over the last couple of decades the number of people opposed to fox hunting, because they think it is cruel, has risen sharply. Nowadays it is rare for a hunt to pass off without some kind of conflict between hunters and hunt saboteurs (阻拦者). Sometimes these incidents lead to violence, but mostly saboteurs interfere (干涉) with the hunt by misleading riders and disturbing the trail of the fox’s smell, which the dogs follow.Noisy conflicts between hunters and saboteurs have become so common that they are almost as much a part of hunting as the pursuit of foxes itself. But this year supporters of fox hunting face a much bigger threat to their sport. A Labour Party Member of the Parliament, Mike Foster, is trying to get Parliament to approve a new law which will make the hunting of wild animals with dogs illegal. If the law is passed, wild animals like foxes will be protected under the ban in Britain.66. Rich people in Britain have been hunting foxes ________.A. for recreationB. to limit the fox populationC. in the interests of the farmersD. to show off their wealth67. What is special about fox hunting in Britain?A. It involves the use of a deadly poison.B. It is a costly event that rarely occurs.C. The hunters have set rules to follow.D. The hunters have to go through strict training.68. Fox hunting opponents often interfere in the game ________.A. by leaning upon violenceB. by taking legal actionC. by confusing the fox huntersD. by demonstrating on the scene69. A new law may be passed by the British Parliament to ________.A. prohibit farmers from hunting foxesB. forbid hunting foxes with dogsC. stop hunting wild animals in the countrysideD. prevent large-scale fox hunting(B)Electric cars are dirty. In fact, not only are they dirty, they might even be dirtier than their gasoline-powered cousins.People in California love to talk about “zero-emissions (零排放的) vehicles,” but people in California seem to be clueless about where electricity comes from. Power plants most all use fire to make it. Aside from the few folks who have their roofs covered with solar cells, we get our electricity from generators (发电机). Generators are fueled by something — usually coal, oil, but also by heat generated in nuclear powerplants. There are a few wind farms and geothermal plants as well, but by far we get electricity mainly by burning something.In other words, those “zero-emissions” cars are likely coal-burning cars. It’s just that the coal is burned somewhere else so it looks clean. It is not. It’s as if the California Greens (加州绿党) are covering their eyes —“If I can’t see it, it’s not happening.” Gasoline is an incredibly efficient way to power a vehicle; a gallon of gas has a lot of energy in it. But when you take that gas (or another fuel) and first use it to make electricity, you waste a nice part of that energy, mostly in the form of wasted heat —at the generator, through the transmission lines, etc.A gallon of gas may power your car 25 miles. But the electricity you get from tha t gallon of gas won’t get you nearly as far —so electric cars burn more fuel than gas-powered ones. If our electricity came mostly from nukes, or geothermal, or hydro, or solar, or wind, then an electric car truly would be clean. But for political, techni cal, and economic reasons, we don’t use much of those energy sources.In addition, electric cars’ batteries which are poisonous for a long time will eventually end up in a landfill. And finally, when cars are the polluters, the pollution is spread across a ll the roads. When it’s a power plant, though, all the junk is in one place. Nature is very good at cleaning up when things are not too concentrated, but it takes a lot longer when all the garbage is in one spot.70. Which of the following words can replace “be clueless about” in paragraph 2?A. Be familiar with.B. Be curious about.C. Show their interest in.D. Fail to understand.71. What can we learn about the California Green from the idea “If I can’t see it, it’s not happening”?A. They do not know those clean cars are likely coal-burning cars.B. They do believe the coal is burned somewhere else so it looks clean.C. They tend to hold that electricity is a nice part of energy.D. They tend to maintain that gasoline is a good way to run a vehicle.72. According to the passage, compared with cars using gas, electric cars are more _______.A. environmentally-friendlyB. expensiveC. harmfulD. efficient73. We can get the conclusion from the passage that _______.A. being green is good and should be encouraged in communicationB. electric cars are not clean in that we get electricity mainly by burning somethingC. zero-emissions vehicles should be chosen to protect our environmentD. electric cars are now the dominant vehicle compared with gasoline-powered cousins(C)For the most part, it seems, workers in rich countries have little to fear from globalization, and a lot togain. But is the same thing true for workers in poor countries? The answer is that they are even more likely than their rich-country counterparts (地位相当的人) to benefit, because they have less to lose and more to gain.Traditional economics takes an optimistic line on integration(整合) and the developing countries. Openness to foreign trade and investment should encourage capital to flow to poor economies. In the developing world, capital is scarce, so the returns on investment there should be higher than in the industrialized countries, where the best opportunities to make money by adding capital to labour have already been used up. If poor countries lower their barriers to trade and investment, the theory goes, rich foreigners will want to send over some of their capital.If this inflow of resources arrives in the form of loans or portfolio investment (组合投资), it will top up domestic savings and loosen the financial restriction on additional investment by local companies. If it arrives in the form of new foreign-controlled operations, FDI, so much the better: this kind of capital brings technology and skills from abroad packaged along with it, with less financial risk as well. In either case, the addition to investment ought to push incomes up, partly by raising the demand for labour and partly by making labour more productive.This is why workers in FDI-receiving countries should be in an even better position to profit from integration than workers in FDI-sending countries. Also, with or without inflows of foreign capital, the same gains from trade should apply in developing countries as in rich ones. This gains from trade logic often arouses suspicion, because the benefits seem to come from nowhere. Surely one side or the other must lose. Not so. The benefits that a rich country gets through trade do not come at the expense of its poor country trading partners, or vice versa. Recall that according to the theory, trade is a positive sum game. In all these trades, both sides—exporters and importers, borrowers and lenders, shareholders and workers can gain.74. Why are workers in poor countries more likely to benefit from the process of globalization?A. They can get more chances to gain a good job.B. They can get more financial aid.C. They have nothing to lose.D. They have less to lose and more to gain.75. What can be the final result of the inflow of the resource?A. It will top up domestic savings.B. It will loosen the financial restriction.C. It will push people’s incomes up.D. It will bring technology and skills from abroad.76. What can we know from the last paragraph?A. Poor countries get the most profit during the process of trade.B. Rich countries get profit from trade at poor countries’ expense.C. Poor countries get more profit from trade than rich ones.D. All aspects involved in the trade can get benefit.77. Which can be the most appropriate title for this passage?A. Benefited or HurtB. Who Benefits the MostC. Helping the PoorD. The Inflow of ResourcesSection CDirections:Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.By almost any measure, there is a boom in Internet-based instruction. In just a few years, 34 percent of American universities have begun offering some form of distance learning (DL), and among the larger schools, it’s close to 90 percent. If you doubt the popularity of the trend, you probably haven’t heard of the University of Phoenix. It grants degrees entirely on the basis of online instruction. It enrolls 90,000 students, a statistic used to support its claim to be the largest private university in the country.While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, DL usually indicates a course in which the instructors post syllabi (课程大纲), reading assignment, and schedules on websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail. Generally speaking, face-to-face communication with an instructor is minimized or eliminated altogether.The attraction for students might at first seem obvious. Primarily, there’s the convenience promised by courses on the Net: you can do the work, as they say, in your pajamas. But figures indicate that the reduced effort results in a reduced enthusiasm to the course. While dropout rate for all freshmen at American universities is around 20 percent, the rate for online students is 35 percent. Students themselves seem to understand the weaknesses internal in the setup. In a survey conducted for Cornell, the DL division of Cornell University, less than a third of the respondents expected the quality of the online course to be as good as the classroom course.Clearly, from the schools’ perspective, there’s a lot of money to be saved. Although some of the more ambitious programs require new investments in servers and networks to support collaborative software, most DL courses can run on existing or minimally upgraded systems. The more students who enroll in a course but don’t come to campus, the more school saves on keeping the lights on in the classrooms, paying doorkeepers, and maintaining parking lots. And, while there’s evidence t hat instructors must work harder to run a DL course for a variety of reasons, they won’t be paid any more, and might well be paid less.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 10 WORDS.)78. The author mentioned the University of Phoenix to make us believe that _____________.79. According to the second paragraph, if you apply for a DL course, you will have little chance to _______________.80. What are the two negative effects the convenience of DL brings about?81. Universities show great passion for DL programs for the purpose of _________________.第II 卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.82. 千万别卷入那件事，否则你将自寻麻烦。
上海市各区2013-2014年高三英语一模试卷分类汇编----语法填空-老师版(带答案已经校对)
Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)To be a successful speaker is no easy thing. It is essential for you to know why you are speaking and (25) ______ you wish to accomplish by your speech. The four most common purposes of speech are to inform, to convince, to move to action, and to entertain. Do you, like a teacher or an expert in a field, wish to illustrate your ideas in detail to people unfamiliar with your subject (26) ______ ______ they can understand your ideas clearly and thoroughly? Or, like a debater, wish to convince the judges or the audience? Or, like a fund collector for a naturalist foundation, wish to get money? Or, like a comedian or after-dinner speaker, wish to entertain? The language and tone you use (27) ______ be proper for your purpose, for your audience, and for the occasion. A speech to the graduating class will have quite different language, tone and manner from information(28) ______ (deliver) to a group of your friends.Furthermore, (29) ______ talented the speaker is, a talk without enough preparation is usually(30) ______ failure. To speak without preparing is to shoot without taking aim. Decide what your aim or objective is; then state it in a complete topic sentence. Make sure that your subject (31)______(be) definite and not too broad.(B)DC Hilton was one of the first Americans to find out that there was money to be made in the middle of the night. 47 years ago he bought a small restaurant on US highway 69, in Oklahoma. His main customers were truck drivers and traveling salesmen who drank coffee and ate cheeseburgers when they stopped (32)_______(break) their journey.It was they (33)______first tried to persuade Hilton to remain open all night. (34)______ (think) about it for a while, he suddenly made up his mind. He took the door key and threw it across the road. He hasn’t closed the door ever since.Over the years his simple burger caféhas been expanded (35)______ a 24-hour roadside empire, with a 100-seat restaurant, a petrol station, a mini shopping market, a car park for mobile homes and all-night self-help laundry.Hilton was a pioneer in a 24-hour working trend, (36)_______ has now caught on around the world. Today not only restaurants but also banks, supermarkets, mail-order firms, travel agencies and many other businesses are beginning to be open all night. But is this really a good thing?So far, a lot of research (37)_______ (do) in America on the effect of 24-hour working, and there is growing concern about the long-term dangers of a society that doesn’t sleep. Americans are said to be sleeping 20% less than (38)______ did 100 years ago, and 55% claim to suffer at least occasionally from over-tiredness. Several of the (39)______ (bad) man-made disasters happened in the last few hours before dawn, when even the most experienced night-worker has difficulty (40)______ (stay) awake.Keys: 25. what 26. so that 27. must 28. delivered 29. However 30. a 31. is 32. to break 33. who/that 34.Having thought 35. into 36. Which 37. has been done38. they 39. Worst 40. stayingSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.( A )“Come in, Kim. Have a seat, please,” said Bill Williams, the manager. This was Kim’s first experience with an assessment. After only six months he was due for a raise (25) _____ this assessment was satisfactory.“Kim,” began Bill Williams, “I am very pleased with the quality of your work. My only concern is that you are not active enough in (26) _____ (put) forward your suggestions.”“But,” replied Kim, “I h ave always completed every assignment you (27) _____ (give) me, Mr. Williams.”“I know that, Kim. And please, call me Bill. But (28) _____ I expect is for you to think independently and introduce new ideas. It is more input from you (29) _____ I need –more feedback on how things are going. I don’t need a ‘yes man’. You just smile (30) ______ _____ everything is fine. I’m not asking you to tell me what to do, but what you think we (31) _____ do.To make suggestions, I employed you because I respect your exp erience in this field.”“Yes, I see. I’m not accustomed to this, but I will try to do as you say… Bill.”“Good, then, I expect (32) _____ (hear) more from you at staff meetings or at any other time you want to discuss an idea with me.”“Yes, of course. Thank you, Mr. Will… Bill.”( B )I was the middle child of the three, but there was a gap of five years on either side, and I hardly saw my father before I was eight. For this and (33) _____ reasons I was somewhat lonely. I had the lonely child’s habit of ma king up stories, and I think from the very start my literary ambitions (34) _____ (mix) up with the feeling of being isolated. I knew that I had a natural ability with words, and I felt that this created a sort of private world where I could get my own back for my failure in everyday life.However, the quantity of serious writing which I produced all (35) _____ my childhood would not add up to half a dozen pages. I wrote my first poem at the age of four or five, my mother (36) _____ (take) it down to dictation. I cannot remember anything about it except that it was about a tiger and (37) _____ tiger had “chair-like teeth”—a good enough expression. At eleven, when the war of 1914-18 broke out, I wrote a poem (38) _____ (print) in the local newspaper later. From time to time, when I was a bit (39) _____ (old), I wrote bad and usually unfinished “nature poems”. I also, about twice, attempted a short story (40) _____ was a failure. That was the total of the would-be serious work that I actually set down on paper during all those years.Keys: 25. if 26. putting 27. have given / gave/ give 28. what 29. that30. as though / as if 31. can / must / should / could 32. to hear 33.other34. were mixed 35. through 36. taking 37. the 38. printed 39. older40. which / thatSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.（A）Alan and Linda always dreamed of living “the good life”. Both from poor working-class families, they married young and set out to fulfill their mutual goal of becoming wealthy. They both worked very hard for years. (25)_______ (earn) enough money, they finally could move from their two-bedroom home to a seven-bedroom home in a rich neighborhood. They focused their energies on trying to have (26)________ they considered important for a good life: membership in the local country club, luxury cars, designer clothing, and high-class society friends. (27)_______ much they earned, it never seemed to be enough. They were unable to remove the financial insecurity that (28)_______ (acquire) in childhood. Then the stock market crashed in 1987, and Alan and Linda lost a considerable amount of money. Alan also suffered from heart attack, (29)_______ cost the family much. One thing led to (30)_______, and they found themselves in a financial disaster. Their house needed to be sold, and eventually they lost the country club membership and the cars. It was several years (31)_______ Alan and Linda managed to land on their feet, and though they now live a life far from wealthy, they have learned a valuable lesson from their lives and felt quite blessed. Only now, as they think of what (32)_______ (remain) — a solid, loving marriage, a dependable income, and good friends —do they realize that true abundance comes not from gathering fortunes, but rather from appreciating.（B）We all hope to enjoy harmonious relationships with our parents. In real life, however, this is not always possible. The poem Those Winter Sundays by Robert Hayden expresses the speaker’s regret over the way the speaker, when he was young, (33)________ (treat) his father. It is only when he looks back on how he has grown up (34)_______ he begins to understand his father’s unselfish love.In remembering the small things his father did (35)_______ him and his family, such as lighting a fire in the morning and polishing his shoes, the speaker begins to understand an aspect of parental love that escaped (36)_______ notice in the past.As he recalls how his father warmed the house, the speaker’s coldness toward his father starts to melt away. In its place is love and gratitude. It dawns on him that love is not just hugging and kissing, or always warm and affectionate, but (37)_______ well be cold and stern in appearance.In fact, mature love often requires self-discipline and self-sacrifice.During our stressful teen years, we may find that our parents, especially our fathers, have difficulty(38)_______ (show) their love for us verbally — sometimes when we need it most. This is certainly very discouraging. However, if we remember (39)_______ (be) grateful or not so self-centered, we will see that their love has always been there, only(40)_______ (express) in ways different from what we may have expected.Keys: 25. Having earned 26. what/something 27. However 28.was required 29.which30.another 31.before 32.remains 33.treated 34.that 35.for 36.his 37.may38.showing 39.to be 40.expressedSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)One day I heard two girls talking about making net friends in a café. One said that she (25) ______ (meet) one of her net friends and the other told her not to because most people found their net friends (26) ______ (disappoint) in real life.We all know it is quite common now that many teenagers, especially (27) ______ from one-child families, like to make net friends and spend lots of time chatting with them because they need someone to talk with and share their sorrow and happiness. However, is it wise for them to do so?In my opinion, it is possible for you to find some real good friends with the help of new technology but you (28) ______ ______ take care. When you talk with someone unknown on the Internet, you have no idea at all what kind of person he is and (29) ______ he is telling you the truth. Besides we can’t deny that some bad guys mask themselves very well so that they can get many nice people (30) ______ (trap). So, you’re taking the risk of meeting your net friends (31) ______ you get any idea about him. In a word, you can never be too careful when meeting your net friends.(B)Perhaps one aspect of modern life which is most often considered ‘annoying’ is noise. According to some estimates, the amount of urban noise (32) ______ (double) in the past ten years, and with the increase in road and air traffic, noise is likely to increase too.Noise quite clearly affects the health of modern man. It is a health threat. Loud noise (33) ______ (say) to be a leading cause of deafness among many people over 65. It is also a major (34) ______ (contribute) factor in causing stress, (35) ______ itself causes a variety of illnesses.Noise is sometimes associated with lack of communication in the modern world. In many busy shops, factories and nightclubs, (36) ______ level and constancy of noise make conversation at a natural level difficult or impossible.Certain people in society, such as motorcyclists, seem to believe they have a right (37) ______ (make) as much noise as they like without being fined. Do they?We are so trained to noise in this modern world (38) ______ people growing up with little (39) ______ no experience of genuine peace and quiet have begun to associate silence with boredom. Isn’t it time for us to start teaching young people that silence is golden and that you can do a lot of interesting things (40) ______ the accompaniment of noise?Keys: 25. would meet/ was going to meet 26. disappointing 27. those 28. have to/ ought to29. whether/ if 30. trapped 31. before/ unless 32. has doubled 33. is said34. contributing 35. which 36. the 37. to make 38. that 39. or 40. withoutSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Gordon was hungry. He opened the refrigerator, (25)_____ there used to be much food before his wife left him. There must be (26)_____ in here to eat, he thought. Now, however, there was a single hot dog.After (27)_____ (take) it out of its package, he put a small frying pan onto the stove’s gasburner. He turned on the heat. Then he poured a little bit of vegetable oil into the pan. He sliced the hot dog in half lengthwise. (28)_____ the oil got hot, he put the two halves in the pan. About (29)_____ minute later, he flipped each half over. After another minute, he took the hot dog out of the pan.Gordon put two slices of bread into the toaster. This was tasty and healthy bread. The first ingredient (30)_____ (list) was organic sprouted wheat. The first ingredient in ordinary bread is usually unbleached flour.When the toast popped up, he put mustard, mayonnaise, and ketchup on one slice. Then he added two slices of onion. (31)_____ top of the onions, he placed the hot dog. On top of the hot dog, he put a couple of slices of apple. Then he added some bits of hot green chile, and then put the top piece of toast onto the chile bits. Ahh, (32)_____ a sandwich, he thought, as he sat down(33)_____ (eat).(B)Sara needed to see the doctor. She had an upset stomach. She felt bloated, and needed to pass gas every minute or so. This was terrible. She (34)_____ hardly go anywhere in public.Her friends told her it was (35)_____ she had moved to America. The air, water, and food in America weren't agreeing with her. They said she would have to return to her home country."No way," Sara said. She didn't want to go home. She liked America. This was a minor problem, she was sure. Any good doctor would solve it in no time. Two days later, she saw her doctor. He asked her if she drank milk. She said yes, three glasses a day."Don't drink any (36)_____ (much) regular milk. Start drinking lactose-free milk, because lactose can upset your stomach."Then he asked her (37)_____ there were any big problems in her life. She said that her boyfriend was a big problem. He wanted to get married, (38)_____ she didn't. The doctor said that she should break up with her boyfriend and find (39)_____."Why?" Sara asked."Because your boyfriend (40)_____ (give) you too much stress. He is probably the main cause of your upset stomach.""I don't think my boyfriend is going to like that.""Just tell him if he really loves you, he should leave you."Keys: 25. where 27. something 28. taking 29. When/After 30. a/one 31. listed 32. On 33. what 34. to eat 35. could 36. because 37. more 37. if 38. but 39. another 40. is givingSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we all begin to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero?(25)______ immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.A hero does something worth (26) ______ (talk) about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community who will listen. But a hero goes beyond mere fame.Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high-voltage(高电压) transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down (27) ______ ______ it can be used by ordinary people.The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine hero (28) ______ (experience) life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would-be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? (29) ______ the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes.Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, (30) ______ who would claim that their fans find life more abundant?Heroes are catalysts (催化剂) for change. They have a vision from the mountaintop. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India (31) ______ still be part of the British Empire. (32) ______ may be possible for large-scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.(B)When young people get their real jobs, they may face a lot of new, confusing situation. They may find that everything is different from the way things (33) ______ (be) at school. It is also possible that they will feel uncomfortable in both professional and social situations. Eventually, they realize that university classes can’t be the only preparation for all of the different situations (34) ______ appear in the working world.Perhaps the best way (35) ______ (learn) how to behave in the working world is to identify a worker you admire and observe his behavior. In doing so, you’ll be able to see what it is (36) ______ you admire in this person. For example, you will observe how he acts when he is in trouble. Perhaps even (37) ______ (important), you will be able to see what his approach to everyday situations (38) ______ (be). While you are observing your colleague, you should be asking yourself whether his behavior is like (39) ______ and how you can learn from his response to different situations. By (40) ______ (learn) from a model, you will probably begin to identify and learn good working habits.Keys: 25. Despite 26.talking 27. so that 28. experience 29. If 30. but31. might / would 32. It 33. were 34. that / which 35. to learn 36. that37. more important 38.is / will be 39. yours 40. learningSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)When I was young I wanted to be a model, so I convinced my parents to take me for an audition (试演). I was (25) (select)and told I had potential.I imagined (26) (sign) by some famous model companies．For months, any boredom or disappointment I faced was pushed aside because I knew I (27) ( have ) the chance to be a real model soon.Of course, I wasn't signed, but (28) hurt the most was being told that if I grew to1．75 meters I could be a success．I prayed for a growth spurt （冲刺）because I didn’t want to give up my dream. I made an appointment with a local modeling agency.The agency sent me out on a few auditions, but with every day I didn't receive a call, I grew more (29) (depress). The final straw came in July (30) I had decided to focus on commercial modeling. There was an open call in New York City．We spent hours driving, only to be told that I was too short.Years later, I realize that the trip to New York was good as (31) made me notice I didn't actually love modeling, just the idea of it. I wanted to be special and I was naively determined (32) (reach) an impossible goal. The experience has made me stronger and that will help me later in the future.(B)The cold came a little bit earlier this winter. The weather has been harsh and unforgiving.Beijing witnessed the (33) (early) snowfall since the 1950s on Nov 3. Temperatures in many parts of China have hit record lows, with Inner Mongolia suffering from a killer cold of -40C. Cold weather also brought heavy snowstorms (34) the US, Russia and Europe,(35)_______(cause) deaths and forcing highways to shut down.You may not think they are related in any possible way, but scientists say that the extreme cold started in the North Pole, where the sea ice is melting rapidly (36) the burning of fossil fuels. This summer, the National Snow and Ice Data Center in the US announced that the sea ice coverage in (37) Arctic had reached its lowest level with less than half of the coverage it has four decades ago.Large amounts of sea ice loss could change (38) air circulates in the atmosphere. At the same time, melting sea ice also release more ocean water, which result in increased water vapor in the atmosphere that (39) be transferred into snow.Also, the attack of the cold came quickly and without a break this year. This left no time for the temperature to revive(回升)，(40) caused the cold to accumulate.Keys: 25. was selected 26.being signed 27.would have 28.what 29. depressed30.after 31.it 32.to reach 33. earliest 34.to 35.causing 36.because of37. the 38.how 39.can 40.whichSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.( A )Mother Teresa was born in Yugoslavia, on August 27, 1910. She attended the government school near her home until she was eighteen. At that time, some doctors and nurses from Yugoslavia were working in India, and they often (25)_______(write) to the school about their work. She decided to join them one day.When she left school, she first went to Britain. Then a year later she went to India, where she began(26)_______(train)to be a teacher. After training, she was sent to Calcutta, (27)_______she taught geography at a school and soon after became headmistress.However, (28)_______she loved teaching, in 1946 Mother Teresa left the school and went to work in the poor parts of Calcutta. Later she was trained to become a nurse in Patna, and then began her work helping the poor and comforting the dying in the streets of the city. Slowly, (29)_______ came to help her, and her work spread to other parts of India.Mother Teresa is now a well-known person. Many photos (30)_______ (take) of her, (31)_______ she travels around the world to open new schools and hospitals in poor countries. In 1979, she was given the Nobel Prize for the lifetime of love and service she has given to the poor.( B )On any collecting trip, obtaining the animals is, as a rule, the simplest part of the job. As soon as the local people discover that you are willing to buy live wild creatures, the stuff comes(32)_______ (pour) in; ninety percent is, of course, the more common types, but they do bring(33)_______occasional rarity. If you want the really rare stuff, you generally have to go out and find it yourself.The chief difficulty you have when you have got a newly (34)______ (catch) animal is not so much the shock it might be suffering, but the fact (35)_______being caught forces it to exist close to a creature it regards as an enemy of the (36)_______ (bad) possible sort: yourself. On many occasions an animal may take beautifully to being in a cage but (37)_______ (get) used to the idea of living with people is another matter. This is the difficulty you (38)_______only deal with bypatience and kindness. For month after month an animal may try to bite you every time you approach its cage, (39)_______you despair of ever making a favorable impression on it. Then, one day, sometimes without any preliminary warning, it will trot forward and take food from your hand, or allow you to tickle it behind the ears. (40)_______ such moments you feel that all the waiting in the world was worthwhile.Keys: 25. wrote 26. to be trained 27. where 28. although/though 29. others30. have been taken 31. as/when 32. pouring 33. an 34. caught 35. that36. worst 37, getting 38. can 39. until 40. AtSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)A friendly dog named Bonnie, who also happens to be deaf, is being praised by her owner for(25) _____(help) him catch a suspected intruder in their home.Dan Strasser said he heard Bonnie running around the living room at about 6 a.m. Saturday, so he got out of bed to see (26) _____ she was so excited. He said Bonnie didn’t bark or bite like a guard dog, but (27) _____ she behaved was enough to alert him.When Strasser walked into the living room, he caught the intruder (28) _____(try) to steal his computer. The man took off, but instead of running out of the back door (29) _____ he came in, he accidentally ran into the garage and (30) _____(seize) there.Strasser grabbed his gun and held the intruder in the garage while his girlfriend called 911. Police showed up and arrested the intruder, whom they later identified (31) _____ Thomas Lowell, who was accused in court Monday of burglary (入室行窃) and possession of drug. He is due back in court on Oct. 2nd.Strasser said Lowell got in through the back door, which he kept open at night so that Bonnie (32) _____ get into the backyard. He plans to keep it (33) _____(lock) from now on.(B)The first-ever American Laughing Championship is taking place in San Diego. The contest is the first national championship in the US, (34) _____ Canadian filmmaker, Albert Nerenberg, has previously organized national laughing contests in Canada and Japan and a state championship in California back in 2010. The contest requires the chosen laughers to face off against each other as the audience determines who has (35) _____(attractive) laugh. Daunte Reed is one of about twelve people competing in the contest. He is hoping to be a winner of the title of top laugher. “I’ve been told I have (36) _____ attractive laugh. (37) _____ doesn’t take much to make me laugh,” Reed said.The contest includes the belly laugh, the crazy laugh and the diabolical (魔鬼般的) laugh. The last one is the most challenging, according to Nerenberg, who said the goal is (38) _____(make) the audience laugh with your laugh. The solo (单独的) laughing requires a good voice. However, the other laugh styles require someone to get the audience laughing; a good diabolical laugh requires the laugher to infect himself and start laughing naturally,” he explained.“The person who wins isn’t always the best, but the top three people are always the best. It is more joy (39) _____ these people bring to the world. They tend to be happy types. We (40) _____(never have) a sad person win so f ar,” he added.Keys: 25. helping/having helped 26. why 27. how 28. trying 29. Where 30. was seized31. as 32. could 33. locked 34. Although 35. the most attractive36. an 37. It 38. to make 39. That 40.have never hadSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Last August Susan and forty-two other students got wet and dirty while removing six tons of garbage (25)______ the river running across their city. (26)______ cleaned up the river as part of a weeklong environmental camp. Like one in three American rivers, this river is so polluted that。
2014届高三英语一模答案汇总
长宁区2013学年第一学期高三英语期末质量检测答案2014.01.06第一卷I. Listening comprehension1-5 DCBDA 6-10 DCABB 11-13 ABA 14-16 BCC17. Saturday 18. ceremony 19. coming/ following 20. ring/ call21. 10,000 22. a part-time job23. room and food; accommodations 24. cheaper and fashionableII. Grammar and Vocabulary25. would meet/ was going to meet 26. disappointing 27. those 28. have to/ ought to 29. whether/ if 30. trapped 31. before/ unless 32. has doubled 33. is said 34. contributing 35. which 36. the37. to make 38. that 39. or 40. without41-45 KJIGH 46-50 AFDECIII. ReadingSection A51-55 ADCBA 56-60 ABCDB 61-65 BCDACSection B66-69 BDDC 70-73 BCBA 74-77 AACDSection C78. have millions of regular loyal viewers79. The inevitable gossip and the essential character80. only (a shot of) fiction and not real81. They follow the characters on screen unreasoningly/ with faith.第二卷I. Translation1. The goods in the department stores are all on sale at Christmas every year.2. Nowadays what people are (very) much concerned about is food safety and air quality.Food safety and air quality are people’s major concerns nowadays.3. However hard/ difficult it is, the task given to us must/ should be completed/ fulfilled on time.4. Hardly had the experts sat down/ got seated/ seated themselves/ taken (their) seats when the speech contest of the Foreign Language Festival (that was) hosted by Principal Wang started.5. The Starbucks in every corner of the city have met/ satisfied/ meet/ satisfy people’s needs/ demands to adapt to a/ the fast-paced life.闵行区2013学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷参考答案第I卷1. C2. B3. A4. D5. C6. A7. D8. D9. B 10. C 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C 16. C17. 1275 18. credit 19. counter 20. given / provided/ remembered21. the (their) dormitory deposit 22. off campus 23. peaceful and quiet 24. money 25. Despite 26.talking 27. so that 28. experience29. If 30. but 31. might / would 32. It33. were 34. that / which 35. to learn 36. that37. more important 38.is / will be 39. yours 40. Learning41.H 42. D 43. J 44. B 45. F 46. A 47. K 48. C 49. I 50. G51. A 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. A 56. B 57. D 58. C 59. D 60. B 61. C 62. A 63. B 64. A 65. C66. C 67. B 68. D 69. D70. D 71. B72. A 73. D74. D 75. B 76. A 77. C78. Customers’environmental concerns / Customers’awareness of environmental considerations and effects79. it is environmentally responsible / it enjoys environmental reputation80. cutting carbon emission81. informing customers about what they are doing towards cutting emissions / taking actions to cut emission and informing customers about it第II卷82. More and more young people spend more time in surfing online than reading.83. In the biology laboratory, the professor highlighted (focused on) the materials available for the experiment.84. Participating in all kinds of physical (sports) activities benefits healthy growth of middle school students.85. Only when you let go of all the negative thoughts can you feel the happiness life brings to you.86. Whatever countries you live in and however different their customs are, kindness and readiness to help others are always parts of good manners (courtesy).2013学年普陀区第一学期高三英语质量调研参考答案第一卷（103分）1. D2. A3. B4. C5. D6. D7. C8. C9. A 10. A 11. C 12. C 13. D 14. C 15. A 16. C17. Downtown 18. personal 19. entire 20. conference21. 25 minutes 22. John 23. No 24. Mother and son25. from 26. They 27. who 28. cleaner 29. that/ which30. had removed 31. Seeing 32. to clean 33. driving 34. an35. when 36. were touched 37. what 38. Because of/ Owing to/ Due to39. checking 40. could41. J 42. F 43. H 44. I 45. K 46. C 47. A 48. G 49. B 50 D51. A 52. C 53. B 54. B 55. D 56. A 57. D 58. A 59. D 60. C61. B 62. B 63. D 64. D 65. B66. A 67. D 68. C 69. B70. A 71. B 72. D 73. B74. C 75. C 76. A 77. D78. smaller and worse connected79. process faces and predict the intentions of others80. By asking how many social interactions (they had experienced).81.Social-group size.第二卷（47分）1、Kids are always very curious about what is around them.或：all the things around them; quite curious about2、She performed excellently in the contest, which left a deep impression on the judges.或：did well/ excellently; in the competition; impressed the judges deeply3、No sooner had she come into/ entered school than she unexpectedly knew/ learned that she was admitted into a key school/ a famous university.4、Strangely enough,/ It’s strange that these/ the teenagers know nothing about the song(s) which/ that are familiar to us/ we are familiar with.5.In memory of the great astronaut, it’s said that next year a film will be shot/ made/ produced to help/ let people know about his life.杨浦区2013学年度第一学期高三年级学业质量调研英语答案1-5 CDADB 6-10 CDCDA 11-13 ABD 14-16 ADC17. International 18. Sydney 19. Northwest 20. 772185221. start a company 22. financial aspects 23. attract investors24. online resources25. amusing 26. admitted 27. has climbed 28. where29. to take 30. to be sending 31. A 32. between33. stretched 34. either 35. might 36. how37. No matter how 38. others 39. as long as 40. are struggling41-50 D K H J B F A I E G51-65 A B C D A C C D B A B C A A D66-69 B D C A70-73 B C A B74-77 D B A CShe was kidnapped and murdered within 24 hours.the security/safety of human rights activistsBy issuing a real-time GPS location of the victimbuilding an organization to respond to the alarm and training the wearers.Translation1. Tom is absent from school today because he is infected with a flu.2. Due to the high living cost in Shanghai, many young couples have no intention to have a second child.3. Only when the government takes serious measures can we expect the real improvement in air quality.4. How ridiculous it is that the sign language interpreter on the stage is a mental patient!5. What excited people all over the country was that China became the third country to softland an unmanned spacecraft on the (surface of the) moon.奉贤区虹口区参考答案第I卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A1~5 ccbab 6~10 dbcadSection B11~13 add 14~16 bdcSection C17. ill / sick 18. weather19. changing 20. pay21. support his family 22. radio factory23. skilled technician 24.pass the testsII. Grammar and VocabularySection A25. an 26. was given 27. before 28. making29. It 30. can’t 31. had set 32. being33. that 34. what 35. over 36. more effective37. would 38. to deal 39. planned 40. because ofSection B41~45 dbeaf 46~50 hjikgIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A51~55 bacca 56~60 dbadb 61~65 acbadSection B66~69 cdbd 70~73 bbda 74~77 bcadSection C78. missing opportunities for promotion when abroad79. Positive.80. Ability to speak the client’s language81. better control the whole negotiation process第II卷I. TranslationIt is pretty easy for us to fall behind without effort.If convenient, please arrange for a car to pick me up at the airport.It has been raining for two weeks, so the coach has no choice but to consider putting off the match.II. Guided Writing略2013学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷第I 卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A1-5 ABDDC 6-10 CADADSection B11-13 CAD 14-16 CABSection C17. previous 18. access 19. repetition 20. oral21、photographs / snaps / takes/shoots a picture22、focusing on shooting / photographing / snapping23、time and position24、stress and self-doubtII. Grammar and VocabularySection A(A) 25. where 27. something 28. taking 29. When/After 30. a/one 31. listed32. On 33. what 34. to eat(B) 35. could 36. because 37. more 37. if 38. but 39. another 40. is giving Section B41. G 42. C 43. K 44. A 45. E 46. F 47. B 48. D 49. H 50. JIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A51-55 ACBDA 56-60 BDACA 61-65 CABCA P.F. Productions后期制作Section B66-69 ACDD 70-73 CDAB 74-77 ADABSection Cmanufacture more goods with fewer workerseffect on employment and major changes in jobswages, leisure hours and living standardsUnion’s policy concerning the protection of union members第II 卷I. TranslationMr. Green is going to visit\see a friend this Sunday, who knows a lot about money matters.It remains to be discussed whether people will delay retiring. /Whether people will delay retiring remains to be discussed.However hard the task is, we should spare no efforts to accomplish it.Many companies put more emphasis on personality than on capability when they employ staff members. P.F. ProductionsIf both the parties can agree on these issues, they are likely to further cooperate（have further cooperation）in the new field.崇明县2013学年第一学期期末考试试卷第I卷I. Listening Comprehension1. C2. B3. B4. C5. A6. A7. D8. C9. A 10. C 11. B 12.D 13. D 14. B 15. C 16. D17. picnic 18. packages 19. 8 20. saucepfzhizuo 21. the/an election 22. put up posters 23. the campus radio 24. discuss the/a speechII. Grammar and Vocabulary25. helping/having helped 26. why 27. how 28. trying 29. where30. was seized 31. as 32. could 33. locked 34. although35. the most attractive 36. an 37. It 38. to make 39. that 41. K 42. J 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. H 47. C 48. G 49. I 50.FIII. Reading Comprehension51. B 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. A 56. B 57. D 58. C 59. D 60. C61. A 62. A 63. B 64. B 65. C66. B 67. C 68. A 69. B 70. D 71. C 72. B 73. B 74. B 75. D78. the harm done by iPads to pfzhizuoyoung children79. Because they are too young P.F. Productionsto handle such advanced technology.80. His concern over the compulsive qualities of games on iPads.81. keep iPads and similar devices beyond the reach of infants第II卷I. Translation1. Children should be allowed to express their own ideas.2. Only by improving the efficiency can the factory make more pfzhizuoprofits.3. The expert’s suggestion is that schools should raise students’awareness of health.4. If you don’t want to be caught in the traffic jam in rush hours, why don’t you try taking the subway?5. In the age when a variety of new Internet languages keep emerging, you will fall behind if you don’t know them.闸北区1，D 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. B11-13 DCB 14-16 AAC17. BX3256 18. eyesight 19. 340 20. Cash.21. Electronic bridge. 22. Customer type. 23. Security key. 24. Mobile payment.25. after 26. moving 27. educated 28. were beaten 29. because of 30. the 31. that/which 32. hottest33. what 34. building 35. must 36. where 37. when 38. However 39. to help 40. has donated41 G 42. H 43. A 44. J 45. E 46. K 47. B. 48. D 49. C 50 F51-55 BDACB 56-60 ADACB 61-65 ACABC66-69 CBDC 70-73 CCAA 74-77 BDBB78. stating a minimum number of prison years for certain crimes79. A new and more complicated way of criminal information analysis.80. Community service.81. lack of resources1.Video chat has been more and more popular with people.2.Will the insurance company pay for all the damages in case the furniture is destroyed in the fire?3.Free tickets for the gallery are available online to those who are interested in oil paintings. 4．Although fruits are rich in vitamins, ladies who are anxious to lose weight can’t replace well-balanced meals with fruits.5. Only through reading widely can one master knowledge and become a talent that the competitive 21st century calls for.青浦区1-10 BBCDB CBABA 11-13 CCD 14-16 CDD17. Resource. 18. 5/Five. 19. clerk. 20. challenging21. home stay 22. retired lady23. the high(er) expenses/costs/prices24. a (supermarket) cashier(A)25. to give 26. the 27. can 28. whatever 29. leaves/has left30. paying 31. more impressive 32. had been(B)33. but 34. at 35. was covered 36. that 37. because 38. laid39. which 40. hitting41-50 B D K F I A J G C H51-55 BAADC56-60 ADBCC61-65 BADDBReading:(A) 66-69 BCDC(B) 70-73 DBAA(C) 74-77 CDAB简答题78. writing (ability), essay writing79. write poorly/ roughly/messily/ in a rough way80. Because the students’handwriting will be hard to recognize.81. students should practice handwriting more often/students should not neglect the importance of handwriting.第II卷1. The new coffee shop makes a profit of 5000 yuan every month.2. He was reluctant to admit that he had thrown the keys into the dustbin on purpose.3. Due to/Because of the thick fog, dozens of vehicles were involved in the accident which happened on highway G15.4. It is a good idea to encourage old people to help out in nurseries in the neighborhood /community, which enables/can enable them to play their full part.5. Contrary to our expectation/what we had expected, the funfair organized by the students was so interesting that two hours had passed/gone by before we realized it.静安区答案1—10 DDCAB CCADB 11—13 DBA 14—16 DAB17 put 18. 8 19. Enter 20. copy21. a digital camera 22. gets black 23. 1553 Palace Street 24. have it replaced25. wrote 26. to be trained 27. where 28. although/though 29. others30. have been taken 31. as/when32. pouring 33. an 34. caught 35. that 36. worst 37, getting38. can 39. until 40. At41—50 HAEJD GKBFC51—65 CDABB. CADDA CCBBC66—69 CCAB 70—73 ACDC 74—77 CABD78. The shirt itself./ Tiny preprogrammed electronics in your shirt.79. checking the nutrition details of the food80. Vaccines.81. you watch the news as video film rather than read it1. The job is so difficult that few people are qualified for it.2. Only 500 visitors are admitted to this magnificent museum every day.3. The more books you read, the fewer mistakes you will make.4. Not until the 60s last century did people’s dreams of moon exploration come true.5. The reason why many rare animals became extinct was that they were not able to adapt (themselves) to the new environment, so we must pay more attention to keeping the balance of nature.宝山区2013学年第一学期期末高三年级英语监测参考答案参考答案1—5 CCBDD 6—10 AABBB 11—16 CDB ACD17. upset 18. window 19. damage 20. apologize21. educational background 22. Singapore Airlines 23. sales promotion 24. attend college courses25.from 26. knew 27. because 28. harder 29. when 30. were touched 31. how 32. saying 33. the 34. to live 35. themselves 36. building 37. where 38. assembled 39. what 40. can’t41.C 42. F 43. G 44. I 45. H 46. D 47. E 48. A 49. B 50. K51—55 CADBA 56—60BAADC 61—65 ABDCB66—69 DBBA 70—73BADC 74—77 DCBA78. Scientific, medical or commercial research79. Giving half to charities, and the rest to the earners.80. a free app offered by Charity Engine81. Oxfam, CARE International, Doctors Without Borders, WaterAid and Sightsavers1. The minister’s answer/ made all the reporters/ present/ quite pleased2. I declined/ his offer of help/, for I would like to/ depend on myself.3. It is obvious that/ what you are doing/ will do great damage/ to your future development.4. Only until the accident/ takes place/ will people not realize/ how serious the result is/, which is really a pity.5. The air quality in many cities/ is becoming worse and worse/, which is a great threat/ to the whole earth/ to some extent.黄浦区2013学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试第I卷1-5 ADDAC 6-10 DCDAC11-13 BCD 14-16 ADC17. Australia 18. grams 19. airmail 20. 1321. leg of lamb 22. fruit salad 23. brown rice 24. red wine25. if 26. putting 27. have given / gave / give 28. what 29. that 30. as though / as if 31. can / must / should / could 32. to hear 33.other 34. were mixed 35. through 36. taking 37. the38. printed 39. older 40. which / that41-45 HJEBD 46-50 AKIGC51-55 ADCBA 56-60 BADAB 61-65 DBCAC66-69 BABC 70-73 DACD 74-77 DADB78. their actions bring death or damage to others79. keep their emotions under control80. Street walkers and cyclists who ignore traffic regulations.81. raised standard for vehicle and lowered speed limits第II卷I. Translation1. He always pretends / is always pretending to know what he doesn’t know.2. He didn’t take part in the interview, which cost him a well-paid job.3. By comparison / Comparatively speaking / Relatively speaking, the threatcaused by pollution is more serious than that of illness.4. Libraries are not available in many remote schools so that some children havenever read any book(s) except textbooks.5. Only after he stayed in America for some time did he know / realize how poorhis knowledge of the country was.嘉定区1---5: ADCBD 6---10:BDBAB 11—13: CDA 14---16: DCA17. Landon 18. October 19. Thursday 20. Switzerland21. 16 cm 22. several symbols 23. read any document 24. relevant information25. When 26. is wearing 27. playing 28. which29. over/up 30. saying 31. to keep 32. They33. conducted 34. to crash 35. was guided 36.like 37. neither38. the 39. but 40. Best41------45: F H I G B 46---50: E J D C A51----- 65 BCACD ACDDA BCABB66------69 CABA 70----73 DACD 74----77 ABCA78. the cause of stress in teenagers.79. to be laughed at and looked down upon by both teachers and peers.80. show signs such as poor memory, anxiety, negative and pessimistic attitude.81. changing school places，academic difficulties.Translation1. It is (high) time to take strict measures to deal with the environment pollution.2. His sister is/has been engaged to a talented/gifted young man.3. According to the data (figures) released, the housing prices in cities keep rising/have beengoing up/ rising instead of falling/going down.4. As long as/ if you have done/tried your best, there is no sense being/ getting upset/worried/bothered about failure or success.5. It is the audience that/who provide for/support the stars, but some of them (would rather) think/insist that their achievements result from nothing but their own efforts. (Although…)松江区试卷参考答案I. Listening Comprehension1-----5 DCCBC 6------10 DADDB11---13 ADC 14------16 CBB17. Sydney 18. 750 19. airmail 20. 1321. a manager 22. Handling angry customers23. 15 years 24. wonderful productsII. Grammar and VocabularySection A: Grammar(A)25. the most widely 26. can 27. an 28. which 29.for30. that 31. invented 32. has reflected/has been reflecting(B)33. ringing 34. Though 35. is involved 36. both37. because 38. paying 39. that 40. to devoteSection B: Vocabulary41. F 42. J. 43. C 44. D 45. H 46. B 47. K 48. G 49. A 50. EIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A51—55 CBCBD 56—60 BAAAC 61—65 DDCBASection B66------69 CBDA70------72 CBB73------77 ADBCASection C78. the client and the law itself79. To separate/separating members of the public from those involved in proceedings80. every aspect of life81. By negotiating a settlement or by presenting arguments in courtI. Translation1.Eco-tourism seems to be developing quickly in the world.2. As senior three students, we should know how to adjust mental state.3. The problem is well worth discussing because it is closely related to our future life.4. Only after he experienced the unforgettable trip, did he realize that those who bring happiness to others are /were the happiest in the world.5.Despite the fact that haze has greatly influenced people’s daily life, up to now the government has not found a practical/feasible solution to it金山区2013学年第一学期期末考试第Ⅰ卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A 1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. A Section B 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. C 16. CSection C 17. library 18. psychology 19. sweater 20. morning21. orange juice 22. part-time employee 23. late for work 24. in the newspaperII. Grammar and VocabularySection A25. instead of 26. thicker 27. before 28. to protect29. burning 30. it 31. a 32. came33. named 34. As 35. how 36. would get37. roll 38. on 39. was amazed 40. which/ thatSection B41.G 42. B 43.I 44.D 45.A 46.C. 47.F 48.K 49.J 50.HIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A51-55 ACABC 56-60 DBCDC 61-65 ACBDASection B66—69 BCCA70—73 CBBC74—77 CAADSection C78. Because their children spend more time with them than with the teacher.79. Through informal tea, interviews and reporting pupil’s progress.80. engage in activities that have a mathematical basis81. the best utilization of the many hours第Ⅱ卷I. Translation1. I don’t think what I have said today can(will) change others’attitude（s）towards me.2. It is said that the company will give a banquet this evening in honor of the experts from Australia.3. Many people are willing to wait in a long queue to buy the ticket for the concert.4. When I worked as a volunteer in Africa, my relatives and friends were anxious for my safe return soon5. It is time to take action to control the quantity of（the）private cars so as to relieve the traffic burden during the rush hours.。
上海市各区2013-2014年高三英语一模试卷分类汇编----阅读理解A篇-老师版(带答案已经校对)
Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)―It seems likely that a caged elephant would miss the wilderness it was born into.‖ a six-year study revealed.British and Canadian scientists studied 4,500 elephants in European zoos and compared them with elephants living in the wild. They found that wild elephants are healthier, live longer and reproduce more than those elephants in zoos.When it comes to living in a zoo, ―many species do well but elephants don’t,‖ said Georgia Mason, one of the researchers of the study. Many animals live longer in zoos than they do in the wild. This isn’t surprising when you consider that zoo animals are not threatened by predators (掠食者), always have plenty to eat, P.F. Productions and have professionals on hand to care for them.When it comes to elephants, however, the situation is different. The world’s largest land animals live much longer in the wild than they do in zoos.Female African elephants born in zoos live on average for 17 years, while those in the wild make it to 56. ―So far,‖ says Mason, ―We’ve got 300 African elephants in zoos in Europe, and not one’s yet reached 50.‖Asian elephants are the more endangered of the two elephant species. They live for about 19 years in captivity (圈养) compared to 42 years in the wild. A few wild Asian elephants have even made it into their 70s. In Kenya, 30 to 50 percent of wild elephants reach 50 years of age.Fatness and stress are likely causes for the giant land animals’ early death in captivity, Mason said.The researchers say that zoos do not offer enough space for animals that can travel as far as 48 kilometers a day. Too little exercise and too much food means captive elephants put on extra weight. The weight gain can lead to heart disease and other health problems.Being ―caged‖ is bad for health, not only for elephants, but also for humans. Be careful not to become a ―caged elephant‖!66. Many animals live longer in zoos owing to the following reasons EXCEPT that ________.A. they are far away from the danger of being eaten.B. they can be in a better mood there.C. they needn’t worry about their food at all.D. they are taken good care of.67. Which of the following may probably result in the early death of elephants in zoos?A. Stress and lack of delicious food.B. Loneliness and little space for activities.C. Lack of delicious food and enough exercise.D.Being stressed and over weight.68. What can be concluded from the passage?A. Zoos are not suitable for animals to live in.B. None of the animals live well in zoos due to lack of exercise.C. Compared with the elephants in zoos, wild elephants are healthier.D. Asian elephants can live longer than African elephants in zoos.69. What is the passage mainly about?A. The living conditions of animals in the world are worsening.B. Elephants can live a longer time in the wild than in zoos.C. All of us should take actions to protect wild elephants.D. The places where wild elephants live are being damaged seriously.Keys: 66-69 BDCBSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Jane Austen was born in the English countryside more than 200 years ago. She lived a simple life. She seldom travelled. She never married and she died from illness when she was only 41.However, people all over the world remember her. Why? It is because Jane Austen is the author of some of the best-loved novels in the English language. These novels include Emma,Pride and Prejudice, Sense and Sensibility and Persuasion.Jane completed her last novel Persuasion in 1816, but it was not published until after her death. Persuasion is partly based on Jane’s naval brother.Anne, the daughter of Sir Walter Elliot, falls in love with Captain Wentworth, a person of a lower social position. But she breaks off the engagement when persuaded by her friend Lady Russell that such a match is unworthy. The breakup produces in Anne a deep and long-lasting regret. Eight years later, Wentworth returns from sea a rich and successful captain. He finds Anne’s family on the edge of financial ruin. Anne and the captain rediscover their love and get married.Jane Austen once compared her writing to painting on a little bit of ivory（象牙）, two inches square. Readers of Persuasion will see that neither her skill of delicate, ironic(讽刺的) observations on social custom, love, and marriage nor her ability to apply a sharp focus to English manners and morals has abandoned her in her final finished work.Persuasion has produced three film adaptations: a 1995 version starring Amanda Root and Ciaran Hinds, a 2007 TV miniseries with Sally Hawkins and Rupert Penry-Jones, and a 1971 miniseries with Ann Firbank and Bryan Marshall.People who are interested in Jane Austen can still visit many of the places she visited and lived. These places include the village of Steventon, although her family house is now gone. Many of the places Jane visited in Bath are still there. You can visit Jane Austen’s home in Chawton, where she did her best writing, and Winchester, where she died.66. What is the theme of Persuasion?A. Never regret what you’ve chosen.B. True love lasts forever.C. Be matched for marriage.D. Love waits for no man.67. Which of the following CANNOT describe Jane’s writing style?A. Her application of symbolism.B. Her delicate observations.C. Her focus on manners and morals.D. Her use of irony.68. Which of the following about Jane Austen is TRUE?A. Her family house is now in the village of Steventon.B. Many of the places she visited in Bath are still available.C. The latest film adaptation of Persuasion was produced in 1995.D. Her last novel Persuasion is considered her most successful one.69. The article mainly talks about _______.A. Jane Austen’s unique writing styleB. the original residence of Jane AustenC. Jane Austen’s last novel: PersuasionD. the popularity of Jane Austen’s novels Keys: 66-69 BABCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)After hours sitting inside Deep Worker, it feels good to getback. While you’re stretching on the deck, others on the ship areat work studying the data you have collected.The rock samples you collected are taken to a laboratory onboard the ship. Tests performed on ocean rocks can show the ageof the seafloor. Many people will study the videotapes of the swordfish. There is nothing like a video to show others exactly what you saw and experienced in the deep. Videos capture details of how animals move and behave — details that a person sitting inside Deep Worker could easily miss. Those details can help scientists better understand the role each kind of animal plays in its deep-sea community.While you were below, Deep Worker’s exact location was being tracked. Thus, detailed maps of the seafloor, showing underwater canyons and mountains far beneath the surface can be made with the help of this information. Dive by dive, Sylvia Earle and her fellow scientists are piecing together remarkable pictures of the deep sea — a world that until recently was as unknown as a distant planet.Since Sylvia first began exploring the waters around Florida, she’s seen changes — trash on the seafloor, fewer fish, polluted water. These ocean problems in Florida and in many other parts of the world make people like Sylvia anxious. They want to know how to protect the ocean, andhow to restore it to good health where damage has been done.Sylvia and other scientists are learning more about the ocean, especially the deep sea, than ever before. The more we know about a place, the bett er we understand it. As Sylvia says, ―With knowing comes caring. If people care about something, they will work to protect it.‖66. What does the bold-typed phrase ―this information‖ in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. The location of underwater canyons and mountains.B. Remarkable pictures of the deep sea.C. These ocean problems.D. The track of Deep Worker.67. Sylvia Earle is probably a scientist who ________________.A. specializes in making mapsB. cares about the oceanC. works on an unknown shipD. performs experiments in a laboratory68. According to Paragraph 4, which statement about Sylvia is TRUE?Sylvia ______________.A. has seen fewer fish and polluted waterB. is concerned about the ocean problemsC. has explored the waters and protected the oceanD. has restored good health after her injury69. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Working below in Deep WorkerB. Ocean Exploration and Ocean MapsC. Deep Worker Saving the WorldD. Ocean familiarity and Ocean PreservationKeys: 66-69 DBBDSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When I was young, it wasn’t the parental love that filled my thoughts in the spring. It wasbaseball.I loved everything about the game — the crack of a bat, the excitement of chasing a ground ball across short green grass, even watching the games on our old black-and-white TV. Yet looking back now, nothing was quite as important to me as the annual ritual (老规矩) of playing catch with my dad.Dad was never much of a baseball fan, but as green leaves began to shoot on bare branches and warmth returned to the air, he would grab his old mitt (棒球手套) and head out to the yard with me just the same. There was something beneficial about playing catch with him, the hum of the ball as it sailed through the air, and the friendly pop as it hit the leather netting. We may have been 50 feet apart, but the flight of that ball connected us, forming as strong a relationship as any father-son talk ever could have.I was never the star of my Little League team, yet Dad never cared about that. Every year, he would be out there, waiting to field any false throw I sent his way.As I grew older, I realized that our game was a reflection of our relationship — that even if a problem didn’t involve a glove and a ball, Dad would always be there to handle anything I threw in his direction. His devotion to our springtime ritual showed his devotion to me — not only to my love of baseball but also to my life.I’ve often heard it said that ―the devil is in the details.‖ Now I realize that in my relationship with my father, love was in the details.66. When the author was young, he didn’t care much about __________.A. the sound of hitting a ballB. the company of his fatherC. the joy of running after a ballD. the games broadcast on TV67. The author’s father practiced catching baseball with him on warm spring days, _________.A. having a father-son conversation with himB. killing time while doing some physical exerciseC. making him an excellent baseball playerD. giving him a guiding hand in his life68. We can learn from the passage that ___________.A. a yearly celebration was held to start their spring baseball catching ritualB. the author and his father used to have a loose relationship with each otherC. the author fully realized his father’s love for him when he was youngD. the author’s father always stood by him whenever he was in trouble69. What is the passage mainly about?A. The same hobby shared between the author and his father.B. The way the author and his father used to spend spring days.C. The author’s sweet memory of his father’s love for him.D. The analysis made by the author about father-son relationship.Keys: 66-69 BDDCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Dear Lee,As I told you, I’ll be gone until Wednesday morning. Thank you so much for taking on my ―children‖ while I’m away. Like real children, they can be kind of irritating sometimes, but I’m going to enjoy myself so much more knowing they’re getting some kind human attention. Remember that Regina (the ―queen‖ in Latin, and she acts like one) is teething. If you don’t watch her, she’ll chew anything, including her sister, the cat. Th ere are plenty of chew toys around the house. Whenever she starts gnawing on anything illegal, just divert her with one of those. She generally settles right down to a good hour-long chew. Then you’ll see her wandering around whimpering with the remains of the toy in her mouth. She gets really frustrated because what she wants is to bury the thing. She’ll try to dig a hole between the cushions of the couch. Finding that unsatisfactory, she’ll wander some more, discontent, until you solve her problem for her. I usually show her the laundry basket, moving a few clothes so she can bury her toy beneath them. I do sound like a parent, don’t I? You have to understand, my own son is practically grown up.Regina’s food is the Puppy Chow in the utility room, where th e other pet food is stored. Give her a bowl once in the morning and once in the evening. No more than that, no matter how muchshe begs. Beagles(猎犬) are notorious overeaters, according to her breeder, and I don’t want her to lose her girlish figure. She can share Rex(the King’s) water, but be sure it’s changed daily. She needs to go out several times a day, especially last thing at night and first thing in the morning. Let her stay out for about ten minutes each time, so she can do all her business. She also needs a walk in the afternoon, after which it’s important to romp with her for awhile in the yard. The game she loves most is fetch, but be sure to make her drop the ball. She’d rather play tug of war with it. Tell her, ―Sit!‖ Then, when she does, say, ―Drop it!‖ Be sure to tell her ―good girl,‖ and then throw the ball for her. I hope you’ll enjoy these sessions as much as I do.Now, for the other two, Rex and Paws… (letter continues)66. The tone of this letter is best described as _________.A. chatty and humorousB. logical and preciseC. confident and trustingD. humble and preachy67. The information in the note is sufficient to determine that there are three animals. They are __________.A. two cats and a dogB. three dogsC. a dog, a cat, and an unspecified animalD. a cat, a dog, and a parrot68. From the context of the note, it is most likely that the name ―Rex‖ is _____.A. SpanishB. EnglishC. FrenchD. Latin69. If the sitter is to follow the owner’s directi ons in playing fetch with Regina, at what point will he or she tell Regina ―good girl‖?A. Every time Regina goes after the ball.B. After Regina finds the ball.C. When Regina brings the ball back.D. After Regina drops the ball.Keys: 66-69 ACDDSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)(You may read the questions first.)Keen to share your views and have your articles published in the Campus Link? We66. In the Lifestyle section, you may not find ____________.A. journals of travelsB. well-taken photographsC. stories of Leonard MaltinD. opinions on restaurants67. Which of the following is TRUE about Campus Link?A. It offers readers bread and butter.B. It welcomes research developments and breakthroughs.C. It helps you to recognize your schoolmates and teachers.D. It is a source of inspiration for the community.68. The poster aims to __________.A. declare the rights of Campus LinkB. introduce someone worthy of featureC. share views and articles among teachersD. encourage contributions for the next issue Keys: 66-68 CBDSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）Every day I check my e-mail. Most of the time I am simply doing finger exercises, another form of piano practice without the beautiful notes. Sometimes, however, I receive a gift, reminding me of the gifts in my life. The following passage is one of those gifts.Peter Jones is a 92-year-old, calm and face proud man. Every morning he is fully dressed by eight o’clock, with his hair fashionably combed and face perfectly shaved, even though he is unable to see. He would move to a nursing home today. His wife of 70 years recently passed away, making the move necessary.After hours of waiting patiently in the entrance ball of the nursing home, he smiled sweetly when told his room was ready. As he moved his walker skillfully to the elevator, the nurse provided a visual description of his tiny room. ―I love it,‖ he stated with the ebullience of an eight-year- old having just been presented with a new pet dog.―Mr.Jones, you haven’t been to the room,‖ said the nurse.―That doesn’t have anything to do with it,‖ he replied. ―Happiness is something you decide on ahead of time. Whether I like my room or not doesn’t depend on how the furniture is arranged... it’s how I arrange my mind. I have already decided to love it. It’s a decision I make every morning when I wake up. I have a choice: I can spend the day in bed complaining of difficulty I have withparts of my body that no longer work, or get out of bed and be thankful for the ones that do. Each day is a gift, and as I am alive, I’ll focus on the new day and all the happy memories I’ve stored away.‖May each of our days continue to be a gift.66. What do we know about Mr. Jones?A. His wife died many years ago.B. He received a pet from the nurse.C. His room in the nursing home is big.D. He is blind but very neat.67. How did Mr. Jones feel about his room in the nursing home?A. Content.B. Disappointed.C. Worried.D. Curious.68. The underlined word ―ebullience‖ in paragraph three is closest in meaning to_________.A. sadnessB. enthusiasmC. faithD. ambition69. What would be the best title for the passage?A. Living in a nursing homeB. Each day is a girt.C. Arranging your mind every dayD. We’re always gratefulKeys: 66-69 DABBSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When people think of improving their diet, they often talk about eating more fruits and vegetables. Others want to eat more fish and less red meat, in addition to reducing the amount of food they eat. But, they can improve their diets even more with just a simple addition. American researchers have found that a diet rich in spices can help reduce the harmful effects of eating high fat meals.Pennsylvania State University Associate Professor Shiela West led an investigation of the health effects of a spice-rich diet. Her team knew that a high-fat meal produces high levels of triglycerides (甘油三脂), a kind of fat, in the blood. She said, ―If this happens too frequently, or iftriglyceride levels are raised too much, your risk of heart disease is increased.‖As part of the study, her team prepared meals on two separate days for six men between the ages of 30 and 65. The men were overweight, but healthy. The researchers added about 30 milliliters of spices to each serving of the test meal, which included chicken curry, Italian herb bread and a cinnamon (肉桂树皮)biscuit. The meal for the control group was the same, but it did not include any spices.During the experiment, the researchers removed blood from the men every 30 minutes for three hours. They found that antioxidant activity (抗氧化活性) in the blood of the men who ate the spicy meal was 13 percent higher than it was for the men who did not. In addition, insulin (胰岛素) activity dropped by about 20 percent in the men who ate the spicy food.Shiela West says many scientists think that oxidative stress leads to heart disease. And what exactly is oxidative stress? Think of an apple that has been cut in half and set aside for half an hour or so. The cut side of the apple turns brown. That is a simple explanation of what happens when oxidative stress comes in contact with the inside and outside of our bodies.Professor West says, ―Antioxidants, like spices, may be important in reducing oxidative stress and thus reducing the risk of chronic disease.‖ She adds that the level of spices used in the study provided the same amount of antioxidants found in 150 milliliters of red wine or about 38 grams of dark chocolate.66. What does the author advise people to do in their diets?A. Eating large amount of food.B. Eating less fruits and vegetables.C. Eating more vegetables and fish.D. Eating small amount of food with spices.67. What is the function of spices according to the passage?A. To help people lose weight.B. To cure chronic disease.C. To reduce the risk of heart disease.D. To cause oxidative stress.68. What happened to the men who ate the spicy meal according to the experiment?A. The antioxidant activity in their blood became increased.B. The insulin activity in their body became increased.C. The level of triglyceride in their blood was increased.D. The oxidative stress in their body was strengthened.69. What does Professor West show by citing the example of a half apple?A. The whole thing can be divided into two parts.B. It implies oxidative stress is harmful to our health.C. An apple is the only food that contains antioxidants.D. We can keep diseases away if we have an apple a day.Keys: 66—69 CCABSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)At age 11, Zlata Filipovic saw things that most people pray they never see. Growing up in the middle of a war zone, this little girl experienced firsthand the horrors of war.Filipovic turned 11 in December of 1991. Five months later Serbian soldiers attacked F ilipovic’s hometown o f Sarajevo, Bosnia. While many people fled the city, F ilipovic’s family stayed. Some of the worst moments of the Bosnian conflict would take place P.F. Productions right under her nose. How did Filipovic deal with his harrowing experience? By writing a diary.Zlata’s Diary was first published in the summer of 1993 by UNICEF (United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund). It attracted enormous interest. Her writings on the Bosnian conflict were not as sophisticated (老练的) as the daily news reports. F ilipovic’s observations were, however, more moving and intimate (私人的).Ztala’s Diary gave readers a sense of sympathy for the ordinary people stuck in the Balkan region. F ilipovic’s writings raised world awareness o f the senseless conf lict in Sarajevo. ―I see that things aren’t good here,‖ F ilipovic writes. ―An ugly war is taking away my childhood.‖After two years of enduring the war in Sarajevo, F ilipovic’s family escaped to Paris in December of 1993. Zlata’s Diary was then printed by an international publisher. It became an instant bestseller. It has since been translated into 35 languages.Outside Bosnia, Filipovic continued to show deep concern for her torn homeland. In the following years, she gave many talks on the impact of war on children. She spoke often about theneed for a stable, lasting peace in the Balkan region.Filipovic eventually attended a British University and received a degree in human sciences. Today, the well-being of the Balkan region remains on her mind. Now Filipovic wants to use her experience to promote peace in a rapidly changing Europe. She hopes that her stories of war will make people listen to her message of peace.66. The underlined word ―harrowing‖ in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by ―______‖.A. desperateB. miserableC. embarrassingD. revolutionary67. What was special about Zlata’s Diary?A. It wrote about war in P.F. Productions different languages.B. It was as attractive as the daily news report.C. It helped the world see war through the eyes of a child.D. It made the world know better about the Bosnian conflict.68. It can be learned from the passage that ______.A. Zlata was promoting peace with her stories of warB. Zlata’s nose was seriously wounded in the con flictC. Zlata kept her diary a secret until the winter of 1993D. Zlata felt relieved after escaping from the war in Sarajevo69. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Zlata Filipovic: growing up in warB. Zlata Filipovic: writing against warC. Zlata Filipovic: changing the worldD. Zlata Filipovic: loving peace in heartKeys: 66-69 B C A BSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Both have lots of company. Statistics show that e-book sales grew 43% last year, but that's a slowdown compared with the triple-digit increases in recent years. E-books remain the fastest-growing part of the book market but account for only about 20% of all sales, reported by publishers.Miscioscio and Meier are at opposite ends of a book business in transition. Even though e-book sales have grown more than 4,000% since 2008, it's unlikely that physical books will disappear the way records did in the music industry.66. Miscioscio will ______ when a book is not available digitally.A. buy the book on paperB. switch to the book of lower priceC. take an e-reader onto the loungersD. give up reading such kind of books67. According to Meier, her ―preference‖ refers to ______.A. an e-bookB. part of joyC. a random pageD. a physical book68. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Records are unlikely to disappear in the music industry.B. Miscioscio and Meier are two opponents in book business.C. Physical books will remain to be accepted to some people.D. The market share of e-books is bigger than that of paper books.69. What is the passage mainly concerned with?A. E-books will dominate the book industry eventually.B. Readers go their own way in choosing books.C. New technology brings more benefits for readers.D. Physical books will disappear gradually in the future.Keys: 66-69 A D C BSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)It was a cold night in Washington, D.C., and I was heading back to the hotel when a man approached me. He asked if I would give him some money so he could get something to eat. I'd read the signs: "Don't give money to beggars as most of them are swindlers." So I shook my head and kept walking.I wasn't prepared for a reply, but with no hesitation, he followed me and said, "I really am homeless and I really am hungry! You can come with me and watch me eat!" But I kept on walking.The incident kept bothering me for the rest of the week. I had money in my pocket and it wouldn't have killed me to hand over a dollar or two even if he hadn’t been a real beggar. On a freezing cold night, no less, I assumed the worst of a fellow human being.Flying back to Anchorage, I couldn't help thinking of him. I tried to reason my failure to help by supposing government agencies, churches and charities were there to feed him. Besides, you're not supposed to give money to beggars.。
2014年上海高考英语试卷word版(校对版本含答案)
2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（笫1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. policewoman. B. A judge. C. A reporter. D. A waitress.2. A. Confident. B. Puzzled. C. Satisfied. D. Worried.3. A. At a restaurant. B. At a car rental agency.C. In a bank.D. In a driving school.4. A. A disaster. B. A new roof. C. A performance. D. A TV station.5. A. Catch the train. B. Meet Jane.C. Get some stationery.D. Clean the backyard.6. A. Ask for something cheaper. B. Buy the vase she really likes.C. Protect herself from being hurt.D. Bargain with the shop assistant.7. A. Use a computer in the lab. B. Take a chemistry course.C. Help him revise his report.D. Get her computer repaired.8. A. Amused. B. Embarrassed. C. Shocked. D. Sympathetic.9. A. She doesn't plan to continue studying next year.B. She has already told the man about her plan.C. She isn‟t planning to leave her university.D. She recently visited a different university.10. A. It spoke highly of the mayor. B. It misinterpreted the mayor‟s speech.C. It made the mayor‟s view clearer.D. It carried the mayor‟s sp eech accurately. Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 70 B. 20 C. 25. D. 7512. A. The houses there can't be sold. B. It is a place for work and holiday.C. The cabins and facilities are shared.D. It is run by the residents themselves.13. A. A skiing resort. B. A special community.C. A splendid mountain.D. A successful businesswoman.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. Those who often sent text messages. B. Those who suffered from heart disease.C. Those who did no physical exercise.D. whose who were unmarried15. A. They responded more slowly than usual. B. They sent more messages.C. They typed 10 percent faster on average.D. They edited more passages.16. A. Why chemical therapy works.B. Why marriage helps fight cancer.C. How unmarried people survive cancer.D. How cancer is detected after marriage.Section CDirections:In Section C,you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Travelers’ Survey SheetTravel purpose: for a(n) 17 in LondonComments on the airport environment / facilities:Likes: •18•19 walkwaysDislikes:• 20 shops•small trolleysBlanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.What is critical thinking in reading? Assessing the writer‟s ideas and thinking about the 21 of what the writer is saying.What is the first step in reading an academic text critically? Finding out the argument and the writer's main line of 22 .What may serve as the evidence? 23 , survey results, examples, etc.What is the key to critical thinking? To read actively and 24 .II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)My Stay in New YorkAfter graduation from university, I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town. So I decided to leave home for New York, (25)______I might have a better chance to find a good job. (26) ______ (earn) some money to pay the daily expenses, I started work in a local caféas a waiter. I believed that (27) ______ ______ ______ I was offered a good position, I would resign at once.Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already (28) ______ (exhaust) shoulder. On the other hand, my search for a respectable job had not met with much success. As I had studied literature at university, I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable job in big companies. Mother had just said that (29) ______ I wanted to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city. Perhaps (30) ______my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. I just did as she had expected.Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it. Apparently, I had difficulty (31) ______ (adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight. After nine months of frustration, I eventually decided to go back to my small town. Not until I returned (32) ______I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.(B)The giant vending machine (自动售货机) is a new village shop Villagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies. However, help is now nearer at hand in form of the country‟s first automatic push-button shop. Now residents in the Derbyshire Village of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week.Peter Fox, who is (33)______electrical engineer, spent two and a half years working on the project. The machine (34)______ (equip) with securing cameras and alarms and looks like a minishop with a brick front, a grey roof and a display window.Mr. Fox said he hoped his invention, (35)______ is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months, will mark a return to convenience shopping for rural communities.He said:“I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn‟t find a manufacture who could deliver what I wanted, so I did it by (36)______. The result is what amounts to huge outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the term …automatic shop‟ is far (37)______ (appropriate)”In recent years, the commercial pressure from supermarket chains (38)______ (force )village shops across the country to close. In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, (39)______ (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new communities stores.Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their won volunteer-run shops, but Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution (40)______those villages without a local shop.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. alertB. classifyC. commitD. delicatelyE. gentleF. imposeG. labels H. moderation I. relieve J. signals K. simplyLet's say you've decided you want to eat more healthfully. However, you don't have time to carefully plan menus for meals or read food __41__ at the supermarket. Since you really__42__ yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn't it? This is where a "choice architect" can help__43__some of the burden of doing it all yourself. Choice architects are people who organize the contexts in which customers make decisions. For example, the person who decides the layout of your local supermarket-including which shelf the peanut butter goes on, and how the oranges are piled up—is a choice architect.Governments don't have to__44__healthier lifestyles through laws---for example, smoking bans. Rather, if given an environment created by a choice architect one that encourages us to choose what is best-we will do the right things. In other words, there will be designs that gently push customers toward making healthier choices, without removing freedom of choice. This idea combines freedom to choose with__45__hints from choice architects, who aim to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives.The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic light system" to __46__foods as healthy or unhealthy. This means that customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains__47__by looking at the lights on the package. A green light __48__that the amounts of the three nutrients are healthy; yellow indicates that the customer should be__49__; and red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients and should be eaten in __50__. The customer is given important health information, but is still free to decide what to choose.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films we've just watched or books we've just finished reading, but plain and simple __51__.Language is our greatest treasure as a species, and what do we __52__ do with it? We gossip. About others' behaviour and private lives, such as who's doing what with whom, who's in and who's out-and why; how to deal with difficult __53__ situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues.So why are we keen on gossiping? Are we just natural __54__, of both time and words? Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life? It's not the case according to Professor Robin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest book, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, the psychologist says gossip is one of these really__55__issues.Dunbar __56__ the traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stage of social development in order to organize their manly hunting activities more effectively, or even to promote the exchange of poetic stories about their origins and the supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evolved among women. We don't spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar—__57__, he goes on to say, language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip.Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the __58__ of the higher primates（灵长类动物）like monkeys. By means of grooming--cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or__59__ from outside it.As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar __60__ that at one time in our history we did much the same. Grouping together made sense because the bigger the group, the greater the __61__ it provided; on the other hand, the bigger the group, the greater the stresses of living close to others. Grooming helped to __62__ the pressure and calm everybody down.But as the groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be __63__ to maintain its effectiveness. Clearly, a more __64__ kind of grooming was needed, and thus language evolved as a kind of vocal（有声的）grooming which allowed humans to develop relationship with ever-larger groups by exchanging information over a wider network of individuals than would be possible by one-to-one __65__ contact.51. A. claim B. description C. gossip D. language52. A. occasionally B. habitually C. independently D. originally53. A. social B. political C. historical D. cultural54. A. admirers B. masters C. users D. wasters55. A. vital B. sensitive C. ideal D. difficult56. A. confirms B. rejects C. outlines D. broadens57. A. for instance B. in addition C. on the contrary D. as a result58. A. motivation B. appearance C. emotion D. behaviour59. A. attack B. contact C. inspection D. assistance60. A. recalls B. denies C. concludes D. confesses61. A. prospect B. responsibility C. leadership D. protection62. A. measure B. show C. maintain D. ease63. A. saved B. extended C. consumed D. gained64. A. common B. efficient C. scientific D. thoughtful65. A. indirect B. daily C. physical D. secretSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does MotherNature agree? Animals can't talk, but can they lie in other ways? Can theylie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying,but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees, behavedishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps themsurvive.Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator（猎食动物）gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the "hurt" adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don't make nests. Instead, they get into other birds' nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them.Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner's hand and start fighting again.Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don't hear them, and they don't need to share their food.As children, many of us learn the saying "You can't fool Mother Nature." But maybe you can't trust her, either.66. A plover protects its young from a predator by______.A. getting closer to its youngB. driving away the adult predatorC. leaving its young in another nestD. pretending to be injured67. By "Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky" (paragraph 5), the author means______.A. chimps are ready to attack othersB. chimps are sometimes dishonestC. chimps are jealous of the winnersD. chimps can be selfish too68. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others.B. The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winner's hand.C. Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests.D. Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back.69. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Do animals lie?B. Does Mother Nature fool animals?C. How do animals learn to lie?D. How does honesty help animals survive?(B)Let's say you want to hit the gymmore regularly this year. How doyou make that happen? Considerputting the habit loop to use.Here's how it works:A habit is a 3-step process. First,there's a cue, something that tellsyour brain to operate automatically.Then there's a routine. And finally, areward, which helps your brainlearn to desire the behavior. It'swhat you can use to create-orbreak-habits of your own.Here's how to apply it:Choose a cue, like leaving yourrunning shoes by the door, then pick.a reward-say, a piece of chocolatewhen you get home from the gym.That way, the cue and the rewardbecome interconnected. Finally,when you see the shoes, your brainwill start longing for the reward,which will make it easier to workout day after day. The best part? Ina couple of weeks, you won't needthe chocolate at all. Your brain willcome to see the workout itself asthe reward. Which is the wholepoint, right?70. Which of the following best fitsin the box with a “?” in THEHABIT LOOP?A. Pick a new cue.B. Form a new habit.C. Choose a new reward.D. Design a new resolution.71. According to THE HABIT LOOP, you can stick to your plan most effectively by______.A. changing the routineB. trying it for a weekC. adjusting your goalD. writing it down72. What's the purpose of putting the habit loop to use?A. To test out different kinds of cues.B. To do something as a habit even without rewards.C. To work out the best New Year's resolution.D. To motivate yourself with satisfactory rewards.73. “This year when I see the Harry Potter poster, I will read 30 pages of an English novel or anEnglish newspaper in order to watch TV for half an hour." What is the cue in this resolution?A. The Harry Potter poster.B. Reading 30 pages of an English novel.C. An English newspaper.D. Watching TV for half an hour.(C)If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? Your neighbour or a super star? A few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality（虚拟现实）device. Rikke Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She swapped with her partner, an actor, using a machine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. "As I looked down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partner's pants," she said. "That's the picture I remember best."The set-up is relatively simple. Both users wear a virtual reality headset with a camera on the top. The video from each camera is sent to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your partner. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it.To get used to seeing another person's body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. Eventually, this kind of slow synchronised（同步的）movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they are living in another person's body.Using such technology promises to alter people's behaviour afterwards-potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be effective in fighting racism-the bias（偏见）that humans have against those who don't look or sound like them. Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people's associations between, for instance, black people and adjectives such as good, bad, athletic or awkward. Then they asked them to control the body of a dark skinned digital character using virtual reality glasses, before taking the test again. This time, the participants' bias scores were lower. The idea is that once you've "put yourself in another's shoes" you're less likely to think ill of them, because your brain has internalised the feeling of being that person.The creators of The Machine to Be Another hope to achieve a similar result. "At the end of body swapping, people feel like holding each other in their arms," says Arthur Pointeau, a programmer with the project. "It's a really nice way to have this kind of experience. I would really, really recommend it to everyone."74. The word "swapping" (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to______.A. buildingB. exchangingC. controllingD. transplanting75. We can infer from the experiment at the Be Another lab that______.A. our feelings are related to our bodily experienceB. we can learn to take control of other people's bodiesC. participants will live more passionately after the experimentD. The Machine to Be Another can help people change their sexes76. In the Implicit Association Test, before the participants used virtual reality glasses to control adark skinned digital character, ______.A. they fought strongly against racismB. they scored lower on the test for racismC. they changed their behaviour dramaticallyD. they were more biased against those unlike them77. It can be concluded from the passage that______.A. technology helps people realize their dreamsB. our biases could be eliminated through experimentsC. virtual reality helps promote understanding among peopleD. our points of view about others need changing constantlySection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.More and more corporations are taking an interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR is made up of three broad layers. The most basic is traditional corporate charity work. Companies typically spend about 1% of pre-tax profits on worthy projects. But many feel that simply writing cheques to charities is no longer enough. In some companies, shareholders want to know that their money is being put to good use, and employees want to be actively involved in good works.Money alone is not the answer when companies come under attack for their behavior. Hence the second layer of CSR, which is a branch of risk management. Starting in the 1980s, with environmental disasters such as the explosion at Bhopal and the Exxon Valdez oil spill, industry after industry has suffered blows to its reputation.So, companies often responded by trying to manage the risks. They talk to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to governments, create codes of conduct（行为准则) and devote themselves to more transparency（透明）in their operations. Increasingly, too. they, along with their competitors, set common rules to spread risks.All this is largely defensive, but there are also opportunities for those that get ahead of the game. The emphasis on opportunity is the third layer of CSR: the idea that it can help to create value. If approached in a strategic way, CSR could become part of a company's competitive advantage. That is just the sort of thing chief executives like to hear. The idea of "doing well by doing good" has become popular.Nevertheless, the business of trying to be good is bringing difficult questions to executives. Can you measure CSR performance? Should you be cooperating with NGOs and you‟re your competitors? Is there any really competitive advantage to be had from a green strategy?Corporate social responsibility is now seen as a mainstream. Big companies want to tell the world about their good citizenship with their devotion to social responsibilities. Done badly, CSR is often just window-dressing and can be positively harmful. Done well, though, it is not some separate activity that companies do on the side, a corner of corporate life reserved for virtue（美德）：it is just good business.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Both _________ in some companies find it no longer enough to simply donate money to charities.79. Give one example of the defensive measures of risk management according to the passage.80. With the emphasis on opportunity, the third layer of CSR is meant to_________.81. According to the passage, "good business" (paragraph 6) means that corporations ________ while making profits.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。