英语发音技巧系列课件 3.Prounciation Skills- 音的同化、异化、弱化

1.1 Assimilation
• 同化是指两个相邻的音连读时，其中一个音受另一个音 的影响，变得跟邻音相同或相似；或者化一；或者两音 相互影响，变为第三个音的现象。
➢顺向型同化 ➢逆向型同化 ➢互相同化
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1.2 顺向型同化
• 前面的音影响后面的音，叫顺向型同化。 清清浊浊（清辅音后读清音，浊辅音后读浊音）
口语读音为[sger]
➢School [sku:l]
口语读音为[sgu:l]
He has studied English in school for two years. If I were a millionaire, I would start a school.
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2.4 st+ Vowel
• 口语中读音为 [sd+ vowel]
➢Start [stɑ:rt] 口语读音为[sdɑ:rt]
If you are ready, you may start you work. He was so excited that he started to cry.
➢Still [stil]
口语读音为[sdil]
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1.4 相互同化
• 相互同化就是前后两个连在一起得音念起来不太方便， 于是连在一起的两个音就互为影响而混合成一个新的、 折衷的、比较好念的音，使之念起来顺口、听起来顺耳、 看起来顺眼。此类同化并非是随意的，而是有规可循的。
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1.4.1 [d]+[j]=[dʒ]
• Could you …？ • Would you …？ • Did you…？ • And you？ • I need you to… • I need your help. • Let the light guide your way.
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1.4.3 [s]+[j]=[ʃ]
• I miss you. • I want to kiss you.
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2. Dissimilation
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2.1 Dissimilation
• 两个相同或相近的音位，在发音过程中因受某种影响， 而变得不同或不相近，这种现象叫做异化。
• 异化也称辅音的浊化现象，[s] 后面的清辅音当连接一 个元音时（一般出现在重读音阶上），[s]后面的清辅 音受后面的元音影响，在实际法音中要读成与其相对应 的浊辅音，在语音分析中称为浊化。
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1.4.2 [t]+[j]=[tʃ]
• Next year. • Last year. • Nice to meet you. • I can’t live without you. • I really want to meet you. • The smile on your face let me know that you need me.
➢名词变复数 cat → cats
bed → beds
➢动词变三单 hope → hopes
gag → gags
➢动词的过去式 work → worked
live → lived
P.S. t. d. 结尾的单词发 [id] start → started
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1.2.1 Practice
• It’s raining cats and dogs. • He stopped reading and looked up. • On my way home, I visited an old friend of mine. • He worked really hard last year. • He pulled a tired smile when he stepped out of the
口语读音为[sbi:k]
Actions speak louder than words. I must speak with my son about his cigarette smoking.
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2.3 sk+ Vowel
• 口语中读音为 [sg+ vowel]
➢Scare [sker]
I’m so scared. You scared me.
Pronunciation Skills
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Teaching Objectives
1. Assimilation 2. Dissimilation 3. Phonetic reduction 4. Summary (have to, has to, had to)
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1. Assimilation
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room.
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1.3 逆向型同化Hale Waihona Puke Baidu
• 前面的音受后面的音影响，叫逆向型同化。
News
[nju:z]
Newspaper
[`nju:sp eIpE]
Used
[ju:zd]
Used to
[ju:s tu]
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1.3.1 Practice
• Before I eat dinner, I read the newspaper for a while. • We read the newspaper every morning . • He is not the man he used to be. • Don’t worry. You’ll get used to it in no time . • We used to go there every year. • Our company used to do business with theirs.
He came yesterday and he is still here. He is dull; still, he tries hard.
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2.5 str+ Vowel
• 口语中读音为 [sdr+ vowel]
➢Strike [straɪk] 口语读音为[sdraɪk]
He struck me with a stick. How does the idea strike you?
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2.2 sp+ Vowel
• 口语中读音为 [sb+ vowel]
➢Spend [spend] 口语读音为[sbend]
How do you spend your free time? He spends a lot of time with his girlfriend.
➢Speak [spi:k]