全国翻译专业资格(水平)考试英语三级笔译实务-历年真题及模拟试题【打印版】【圣才出品】
历年翻译资格考试真题(三级笔译)
历年翻译资格考试真题(三级笔译)历年翻译资格考试真题(三级笔译):Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (英译汉)(50 points)The Money Ran Out; Then the Villagers Stepped InHIGUERA DE LA SERENA, Spain —It didn’t take long for Manuel García Murillo, a bricklayer who took over as mayor here last June, to realize that his town was in trouble. It was 800,000 euros, a little more than $1 million, in the red. There was no cash on hand to pay for anything —and there was work that needed to be done.But then an amazing thing happened, he said. Just as the health department was about to close down the day care center because it didn’t have a proper kitchen, Bernardo Benítez, a construction worker, offered to put up the walls and the tiles free. Then, Maria JoséCarmona, an adult education teacher, stepped in to clean the place up.And somehow, the volunteers just kept coming. Every Sunday now, the residents of this town in southwest Spain —young and old —do what needs to be done, whether it is cleaning the streets, raking the leaves, unclogging culverts or planting trees in the park.“It was an initiative from them,” said Mr. García. “Day to day we talked to people and we told them there was no money. Of course, they could see it. The grass in between the sidewalks was up to my thigh. “Higuera de la Serena is in many ways a microcosm of Spain ’s troubles. Just as Spain’s national and regional governments are struggling with the collapse of the construction industry, overspending on huge capital projects and a pileup of unpaidbills, the same problems afflict many of its small towns.But what has brought Higuera de la Serena a measure of fame in Spain is that the residents have stepped up where their government has failed. Mr. García says his phone rings regularly from other town officials who want to know how to do the same thing. He is serving without paay, as are the town ’s two other elected officials. They are also forgoing the cars and phones that usually come with the job.“We lived beyond our means,” Mr. García said. “We invested in public works that weren’t sensible. We are in technical bankruptcy.”Even some money from the European Union that was supposed to be used for routine operating expenses and last until 2022 has already been spent, he said.Higuera de la Serena, a cluster of about 900 houses surrounded by farmland, and traditionally dependent on pig farming and olives, got swept up in the giddy days of the construction boom. It built a cultural center and invested in a small nursing home. But the projects were plagued by delays and cost overruns.The cultural center still has no bathrooms. The nursing home, a whitewashed building sits on the edge of town, still unopened. Together, they account for some $470,000 of debt owed to the bank. But the rest of the debt is mostly the unpaid bills of a town that was not keeping up with its expenses. It owes for medical supplies, for diesel fuel, for road repair, for electrical work, for musicians who played during holidays.Higuera de la Serena is not completely without workers. It still has a half-time librarian, two half-time street cleaners, someone part-time for the sports complex, a secretary and an administrator, all of whom are paid through various financing streams apart from the town. But the town once had a work force twice the size. And whensomeone is ill, volunteers have to step in or the gym and sports complex — open four hours a day — must close.Section2: Chinese-English Translation (汉译英)(50 points)１０年来，中国经济持续快速进展，经济实力、综合国力、人民生活水平迈上的台阶，国家面貌发生举世瞩目的历史性变化，为促进亚洲和世界经济增长作出了重要奉献。
往年CATTI英语三级笔译实务真题
往年CATTI英语三级笔译实务真题大家备考CATTI 英语三级笔译实务期间，研究真题不是把真题做一遍就行了，一定要总结，笔译实务考验真实的翻译功底，多练习，多读，多背，考场上才不会头脑空白。
下面给大家带来CATTI 英语三级笔译实务真题，希望对你们有所帮助。
5月份CATTI 英语三级笔译实务真题Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.It didn’t take long for Manuel García Murillo, a bricklayer who took over as mayor here last June, to realize that his town was in trouble. It was 800,000 euros, a little more than $1 million, in the red. There was no cash on hand to pay for anything — and there was work that needed to be done.But then an amazing thing happened, he said. Just as the health department was about to close down the day care center because it didn’t have a proper kitchen, Bernardo Benítez, a construction worker, offered to put up the walls and the tiles free. Then, Maria José Carmona, an adult education teacher, stepped in to clean the place up. And somehow, the volunteers just kept coming. Every Sunday now, the residents of this town in southwest Spain — young and old — do what needs to be done, whether it is cleaning the streets, raking the leaves, unclogging culverts or planting trees in the park. “It was an initiative from them,” said Mr. García. “Day to day we talked to people and we told them there was no money. Of course, they could see it. The grass in between the sidewalks was up to my thigh. “ Higuera de la Serena is in many ways a microcosm of Spain’strou bles. Just as Spain’s national and regional governments are struggling with the collapse of the construction industry,overspending on huge capital projects and a pileup of unpaid bills, the same problems afflict many of its small towns.But what has brought Higuera de la Serena a measure of fame in Spain is that the residents have stepped up where their government has failed. Mr. García says his phone rings regularly from other town officials who want to know how to do the same thing. He is servingwi thout pay, as are the town’s two other elected officials. They are also forgoing the cars and phones that usually come with the job. “We lived beyond our means,” Mr. García said. “We invested in public works thatweren’t sensible. We are in technical bankruptcy.” Even some money from the European Union that was supposed to be used forroutine operating e某penses and last until 2023 has already been spent, he said.Higuera de la Serena, a cluster of about 900 houses surrounded by farmland, and traditionally dependent on pig farming and olives, got swept up in the giddy days of the construction boom. It built a cultural center and invested in a small nursing home. But theprojects were plagued by delays and cost overruns.The cultural center still has no bathrooms. The nursing home, a whitewashed building sits on the edge of town, still unopened. Together, they account for some $470,000 of debt owed to the bank. But the rest of the debt is mostly the unpaid bills of a town that was not keeping up with its e某penses. It owes for medical supplies, for diesel fuel, for road repair, for electrical work, for musicians who played during holidays.Higuera de la Serena is not completely without workers. It still has a half-time librarian, two half-time street cleaners, someonepart-time for the sports comple某, a secretary and an administrator, all of whom are paid through various financing streams apart from the town. But the town once had a work force twice the size. And when someone is ill, volunteers have to step in or the gym and sports comple某— open four hours a day — must close.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into English.10 年来，中国经济持续快速发展，经济实力、综合国力、人民生活水平迈上新的台阶，国家面貌发生举世瞩目的历史性变化，为促进亚洲和世界经济增长作出了重要贡献。
全国外语翻译证书考试英语三级笔译.docx
全国外语翻译证书考试英语三级笔译【打印】【字体：i ± ±1【关闭】Part 1Translation from English into Chinese 1 hour 30 minutesRead the following two passages.Translate them into Chinese.Wri te your answers on the answer sheets.You may use additional paper for your draft but you must copy your answers onto the answer sheet s. Passage 1Head InjuriesAlice was a B-plus student throughout her first three yearsat college. During the winter ho lidays in her senior year, while she was driving during a storm, her car ran off the road and hi t a tree・ Alice banged her head on the steering wheel but never lost consciousness・She was trea ted for bruises and discharged from the hospital within a day.But, back at her studies, she began to have difficulties. Suddenly her As and Bs were becomi ng Cs. She had trouble remembering what she，d read and was irritable and easi1y distracted.Alice was referred to a neuropsychologist for further examination. Although her IQ hadn， t c hanged and standard neurological tests were no”al, detai led nouropsychological tests showed shewas having memory problems. She could still process new information, but it took Ionger than be fore and she became overloaded v if she tried to do too much at once.Head injuries are often fatal, or of sufficient severity to require the hospitalization of v ictinis. But there is a large group of people who sustain head injuries which can go undetected t hrough ordinary medical examination. These are the people who seemingly recover from their injur ies but sti11 suffer subtle intellectual and behavioural effects that may seriously impair their ability to work and interact normally with other people・ They are the victims of what experts c all a "silent epidemic”. Some never lost consciousness and others never even suffered a direct blow to the head, yet brain damage occurred.Passage 2MuseumsOver the last couple of decades there" s been a tremendous explosion in museum attendanee, a nd 1 see that continuing. As the population grows older, with more people studying in their reti rement, and as schools and universities develop more imaginative ways of presenting knowledge, m useums and gal 1 eries wi11 be at the centre of the educational process.To make the most of that position, they must not just open their doors but ensure that their material is engagingly prosented, with flesh-and-blood teachers as well as displays that draw o n information technology.T，m not a great fan of the audio tour that leads you to a piece of art and then tel 1s you w hat to think about it. I much prefer the interactive calling-up of information, on a free-will b as is, via a little handset・ That way, techno logy helps you find out more about a particular aspe ct of a work of art as you stand in front of it.A century ago, no one could have guessed there would be a museum dedicated to air and spacetravel in the centre of Washington DC, so it，s impossible to say what new museums we might have in 100 years. But we may turn back to neglected areas of history. They，ve just laid the foundation sto ne for the Museum of the Native American in Washington, and T can see a resurge nee in our interest in the ancient world ahead・Part 2Translation from Chinese into English 1 hour 30 minutesRead the fol l owing two passages.Translate them into English・Write your answers on the answer sheets・You may use additional paper for your draft but you must copy your answers onto the answer sheet s.Passage 1我为乘客服务有一次，在拥挤的车厢门口，我听见一位男乘客客客气气地问他前面的一个女乘客：“您下车吗？”女乘客没理他。
翻译资格考试英语CATTI 三级笔译实务全真模拟题(附参考译文)
CATTI 三级笔译实务全真模拟题（附参考译文）Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)第一部分：英汉翻译（50分）Translate the following passage into Chinese.①In Aaron Walsh's course on Collaborative Computing at Boston College, students learn how to work in teams to program software. It's not an easy class, but Walsh sees his students only once at the start of the semester. After that, they work in a virtual 3-D world, which Walsh - a former video game programmer - helped design. Logging in via their PCs or laptops, the professor and students interact and work together as digital avatars - just like they would in programs like Second Life, using voice - over - Internet to talk or ask questions. The class is part of a fast - growing movement to apply state - of - the - art computer - game technology to U.S. college learning. Similar experiments have been conducted at Harvard, Amherst and MIT.②Long gone are the days when “online education” meant little more than digitized correspondence courses. Today it features videos and podcasts, blogs and live chats, Webcams and wikis, and online courses are becoming ever more popular. This fall, more than 4 million students in the United States will take at least one course online, says Frank Mayadas, an expert on education technology at the Sloan Foundation in New York. America's biggest online school, the University of Phoenix, has grown from 80,000 students in 2000 to 345,000 students today and is on track to reach 500,000 by 2010.③Already popular with universities, which see such programs a way to boost enrollment and revenue, and with students, who love the flexibility and the lower tuition costs, online learning has gotten another big boost from the high price of gas, Four out of five U.S. college students now commute to campus every day, and admissions officers say fuel costs have helped push up online enrollment by 100 percent at some colleges in the past year.④Many such programs are also shedding their second-class status. Elite U.S.colleges like MIT and Stanford have begun offering a growing number of degrees online, Stanford alone now boasts more than 50 different online master's programs, most of them in engineering and science, which have no physical classroom component but which Stanford claims are just as good as its on-campus offerings. A few schools, like the State University of New York and the University of Illinois, have abolished the separation of online from campus programs entirely, awarding the same degree for both. The next step: allowing students themselves to mix and match campus and online coursework at will.⑤Employers have been slow to catch on; while 83 percent of U.S. hiring managers said in a June survey that online degrees are more accepted today than five years ago, only 35 percent considered them equal to traditional degrees. Indeed, there is no good virtual replacement yet for hands -on study in subjects like physics, biology or anatomy, which require physical contact materials. Some educators are also skeptical, complaining about the for-profit nature of many online programs and the fact that they fail to replicate free-flowing conversations. “You lose something by not having human contact,” says Anita Levy of the American Association of University Professors.⑥Yet other experts argue that Web-based learning is actually closer to students’ future on-the-job realities. “Much business is now conducted online,” says Mayadas. “Education is mimicking the way we conduct business, communicate and exchange ideas today.”⑦The future of online learning, Mayadas says, lies in “blended”programs that combine faculty face time with the flexibility of online teaching. The move to such hybrids will be driven by students questioning why they should sit in lectures taking notes three times a week when they can go once and do the rest at their own pace online. Universities and colleges, for their part, like the fact that mixed programs allow them to cut down on physical classes, saving money and creating space for more students.⑧Blended programs will also go a long way toward meeting the critics who contend that digital learning will never replace the campus experience. By combiningface -to -face interaction with new online options in more powerful ways, these programs should offer the best of both worlds - rendering moot today's debate over whether virtual or in - person degrees are best.【参考译文】①艾伦·沃什在波士顿学院开设的“协同计算”课程教学生如何以团队形式编写软件这门课不简单，但沃什只在每学期开始时见学生一次，之后都在虚拟的3D 世界授课。
CATTI三级笔译综合能力真题和答案及解析
CATTI三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(一)一、Vocabulary Selection（本大题15小题．每题1.0分，共15.0分。
In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. ）第1题Since writing home to their parents for money, they had lived________hope.A inB forC onD through【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。
live in hope生活在希望中；live for为……而生活，盼望；live on 继续生活，以……为主食，靠……生活；live through度过，经受过；根据句意应填A。
第2题________get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.A ChildrenB Children, when theyC As childrenD For children to【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】语法应用。
本句逗号前是状语从句，空白处应填连词；主句主语是the games，因此选项A、B、D均不对；只有as“随着”符合句意，所以C为答案。
第3题Martin has created enough memorable ________to make it easy to forgive his lows.A youngstersB noblesC highsD miserables【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。
2024英语三级笔译(Catti 3)实务真题及参考译文
2024年英语三级笔译（CATTI3）实务真题及参考译文1.英译汉（原文）The last vestiges of Covid Restrictions have finally been removed, and international tourism is exploding—more than 900 million eager tourists took to the skies in 2022, doubling the number from 2021.But as world travel recovers from the pandemic, the rise in tourism is, among other things, overwhelming foreign infrastructure, disrupting local residents and diminishing the overall tourist experience.Although tourism still boosts the economies of hotspot cities, municipal authorities are concerned about the impact over tourism has on their communities and cultural heritage sites and have thus started taking matters into their own hands to mitigate overcrowding.To counter the downsides of overtourism, the travel industry can utilize tech-based tools that combat the root causes of tourist congestion and actively encourage travel to lesser-known places, thereby satisfying tourists without burdening the local residents.According to one study, when tourist numbers exceed a city’s carrying capacity, residents’ perception of their home as a good place to live begins to deteriorate, increasing feelings of resentment toward tourists during peak seasons.Amsterdam, with its picturesque canals, stunning brick architecture and leisurely bicycle paths, is just one of several cities reeling from the effects of overtourism; more than 20 million tourists are anticipated to visit the city this year alone.To curb the flow of visitors without destabilizing the tourism market, the city introduced a cap on overnight guests and is proposing further measures that include relocating some popular tourist attractions to outside the city center—or even removing them altogether.To give the city more “breathing space”, the mayor of Dubrovnik（杜布罗夫尼克，克罗地亚城市）shut down 80% of its souvenir stalls and restricted cruise ship and tour bus operations. City officials in Barcelona instituted taxes for overnight tourists and barred entry to certain food markets. And in Venice, officials banned the development of new hotels and installed turnstiles along popular routes to redirect tourist traffic.To thrive with resident communities, the tourism industry must cultivate a new approach that better serves local interests when promoting destinations and trip options.Marketing trips through the use of thoughtful ad campaigns and tech tools that inspire tourists to venture away from conventional hotspots and explore lesser-known attractions could lead to a more even distribution of travelers across various destinations.To that end, dispersing tourists should be a top business goal for travel providers rather than focusing only on the high-traffic destinations. This not only enables travelers to genuinely experience diverse cultures but also provides vital support torural-located businesses, restaurants and cultural establishments, which stand to gain the most from tourist dollars.In order to empower travelers to visit new or unfamiliar destinations, the industry should consider leveraging tech-based tools to convince them. Airbnb（爱彼迎公司）, for example, rolled out flexible search features in 2021 that divert bookings away from destinations at times when overtourism occurs, encouraging tourists to make accommodations in alternative cities or towns.With tourists overrunning major destinations, the tourism industry and local municipalities must find some middle ground. Heavily visited cities will otherwise be forced to impose further tourist restrictions, putting an entire revenue stream at risk.1.英译汉（译文）新冠疫情最后剩余的限制终于被解除，国际旅游业也因此迎来了爆发式增长——2022年，有超过9亿热切的游客乘飞机出行，人数是2021年的两倍。
2009年5月CATTI笔译三级【笔译实务】真题
全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试2009年5月英语三级《笔译实务》试卷试题部分：Section1:English-Chinese Translation(英译汉)Translate the following passage into Chinese.Business of Green:An appeal to slow down on biofuel.Last Friday an advisory panel to the European Environment Agency issued an extraordinary scientific opinion:The European Union should suspend its goal of having10percent of transportation fuel made from biofuel by2020.The European Union's biofuel targets were increased and extended from5.75 percent by2010to10percent by2020just last year.Still,Europe's well-meaning rush to biofuels,the scientists concluded,had produced a slew of harmful ripple effects-from deforestation in Southeast Asia to higher prices for grains.In a recommendation released last weekend,the20-member panel,made up of some of Europe's most distinguished climate scientists,called the10percent target "overambitious"and an"experiment"whose"unintended effects are difficult to predict and difficult to control.""The idea was that we felt we needed to slow down,to analyze the issue carefully and then come back at the problem,"Laszlo Somlyody,the panel's chairman and a professor at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics,said in a telephone interview.He said that part of the problem was that when it set the targets,the European Union was trying desperately to solve the problem of rising transportation emissions "in isolation,"without adequately studying the effects of other sectors like land use and food supply."The starting point was correct:I'm happy that the European Union took the lead in cutting greenhouse gasses and we need to control traffic emissions,"Somlyody said."But the basic problem is it thought of transport alone,without considering all these effects.And we don't understand those very well yet."The panel's advice is not binding and it is not clear whether the European Commission will follow the recommendation.It has become increasingly clear that the global pursuit of biofuels-encouraged by a rash of targets and subsides in both Europe and the United States-has not produced the desired effect.Investigations have shown,for example,rain forests and peat swamp are being cleared to make way for biofuel plantations,a process that produces more emissions than the biofuels can save.Equally concerning,land needed to produce food for people to eat is planted with more profitable biofuel crops,and water is diverted from the drinking supply.Europe and the United States,food prices for items like pizza and bread have increased significantly as grain stores shrink and wheat prices rise.The price of wheat and rice are double those of a year ago,and corn is a third higher,the UN Food and Agriculture Organization said this week."Food price inflation hits the poor hardest,as the share of food in their total expenditures is much higher than that of wealthier populations,"said Henri Josserand of the Food and Agriculture Organization.Biofuels are not,of course,the only reason for high food prices.Fuel to transport food is more expensive with oil more than$100a barrel.There have been unexpected droughts this year as well.Should we conclude that all biofuels are bad?No.But motivated by the obvious problems now emerging,scientists have begun to take a harder look at their benefits.For example,the European Environment Agency advisory panel suggests that the best use of plant biomass is not for transport fuel but to heat homes and generate electricity.To be useful for vehicles,plant matter must be distilled to a fuel and often transported long distances.To heat a home,it can often be used raw or with minimal processing,and moved just a short distance away.Section2:Chinese-English Translation(汉译英)Translate the following passage into English.上海作为国际金融中心，拥有繁忙的港口，亚洲最重要的证券市场之一，以及连世界500强都不能忽视的巨大市场。
CATTI英语三级《笔译实务》真题及答案
CATTI英语三级《笔译实务》真题及答案Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.For generations, coal has been the lifeblood of this mineral-rich stretch of eastern Utah. Mining families proudly recall all the years they toiled underground. Supply companies line the town streets. Above the road that winds toward the mines, a soot-smudged miner peers out from a billboard with the slogan “Coal = Jobs.”But recently, fear has settled in. The state’s oldest coal-fired power plant, tucked among the canyons near town, is set to close,a result of new, stricter federal pollution regulations.As energy companies tack away from coal, toward cleaner, cheaper natural gas, people here have grown increasingly afraid that their community may soon slip away. Dozens of workers at the facility here,the Carbon Power Plant, have learned that they must retire early or seek other jobs. Local trucking and equipment outfits are preparing to take business elsewhere.“There are a lot of people worried,” said Kyle Davis, who has been employed at the plant since he was 18.But Rocky Mountain Power, the utility that operates the plant, has determined that it would be too expensive to retrofit the agingplant to meet new federal standards on mercury emissions. The plant is scheduled to be shut by April 2015.For the last several years, coal plants have been shutting down across the country, driven by tougher environmental regulations, flattening electricity demand and a move by utilities toward natural gas.The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that the stricter emissions regulations for the plants will result in billions of dollarsin related health savings, and will have a sweeping impact on air quality.“Coal plants are t he single largest source of dangerous carbon pollution in the United States, and we have ready alternatives like wind and solar to replace them,” said Bruce Nilles, director of the Sierra Club’s Beyond Coal campaign, which wants to shut all of the nation’s coal plants.For many here, coal jobs are all they know. The industry united the area during hard times, too, especially during the dark days after nine men died in a 2007 mining accident some 35 miles down the highway. Virtually everyone around Price knew the men, six of whom remain entombed in the mountainside.But there is quiet acknowledgment that Carbon County will have to change — if not now, soon.Pete Palacios, who worked in the mines for 43 years, has seen coal roar and fade here. Now 86, his eyes grew cloudy as he recalled his first mining job. He was 12, and earned $1 a day. “I’m retired, soI’ll be fine. But these young guys?” Pete Palacios said, his voice trailing off.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into English.天柱县位于贵州省东部，是川渝黔通往两广、江浙的'重要门户。
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第一部分历年真题英语三级笔译实务真题精选及详解（一）Section1:English-Chinese Translation(50points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.Old people in Thiengoly say they can remember when there were so many trees that you couldn’t see the sky.Now,miles of reddish-brown sand surround this village in northwestern Senegal,dotted with occasional bushes and trees.Dried animal dung is scattered everywhere,but hardly any dried grass is.Overgrazing and climate change are the major causes of the Sahara’s advance, said Gilles Boetsch,an anthropologist who directs a team of French scientists working with Senegalese researchers in the region.“The local Peul people are herders,often nomadic.But the pressure of the herds on the land has become too great,”Mr.Boetsch said in an interview.“The vegetation can’t regenerate itself.”Since2008,however,Senegal has been fighting back against the encroaching desert.Each year it has planted some two million seedling trees along a 545-kilometer,or340-mile,ribbon of land that is the country’s segment of a major pan-African regeneration project,the Great Green Wall.First proposed in2005,the program links Senegal and10other Saharan states in an alliance to plant a15 kilometer-wide,7,100-kilometer-long green belt to fend off the desert.While manycountries have still to start on their sections of the barrier,Senegal has taken the lead,with the creation of a National Agency for the Great Green Wall.“This semi-arid region is becoming less and less habitable.We want to make it possible for people to continue to live here,”Col.Pap Sarr,the agency’s technical director,said in an interview here.Colonel Sarr has forged working alliances between Senegalese researchers and the French team headed by Mr.Boetsch,in fields as varied as soil microbiology,ecology,medicine and anthropology.“In Senegal we hope to experiment with different ways of doing things that will benefit the other countries as they become more active,”the colonel said.Each year since 2008,from May to June,about400people are employed in eight nurseries, choosing and overseeing germination of seeds and tending the seedlings until they are ready for planting.In August,1,000people are mobilized to plant out rows of seedlings,about2million plants,allowing them a full two months of the rainy season to take root before the long,dry season sets in.After their first dry season,the saplings look dead,brown twigs sticking out of holes in the ground,but80percent survive.Six years on,trees planted in2008are up to three meters,or10feet,tall.So far,30,000hectares,or about75,000acres, have been planted,including4,000hectares this summer.There are already discernible impacts on the microclimate,said Jean-Luc Peiry, a physical geography professor at the UniversitéBlaise Pascal in Clermont-Ferrand, France,who has placed30sensors to record temperatures in some planted parcels.“Preliminary results show that clumps of four to eight small trees can have animportant impact on temperature,”Professor Peiry said in an interview.“The transpiration of the trees creates a microclimate that moderates daily temperature extremes.”“The trees also have an important role in slowing the soil erosion caused by the wind,reducing the dust,and acting like a large rough doormat, halting the sand-laden winds from the Sahara,”he added.Wildlife is responding to the changes.“Migratory birds are reappearing,”Mr.Boetsch said.The project uses eight groundwater pumping stations built in1954,before Senegal achieved its independence from France in1960.The pumps fill giant basins that provide water for animals,tree nurseries and gardens where fruit and vegetables are grown.【参考译文1】司恩高利村的老人们常说，他们记得曾经该村周边树木多得遮天蔽日。
如今，司恩高利这个塞内加尔西北小村已被绵延数英里的红棕色沙子包围，沙子上零星散布着灌木丛和树丛。
干结的动物粪便到处都是，但干枯的草却很难到处可见。
过度放牧和气候变化是导致撒哈拉沙漠扩张的主要原因，人类学家吉勒思·波特舍这样说道，他带领的一队法国科学家正和塞内加尔研究员一道在此开展研究工作。
“当地的颇耳族人以放牧为生，且常常是流动放牧。
但是畜群对草地带来的压力太大以致于植被无法复生，”波特舍先生在一次采访中说道。
不过，塞内加尔自2008年起就一直抗击不断扩张的沙漠的侵袭。
每年，该国将约200万株树苗沿545千米（约340英里）长的狭长地带栽种，这块狭长地带是“绿色长城”这一泛非洲植被再生工程在塞内加尔境内的部分。
“绿色长城”这一工程在2005年被提出，它将塞内加尔和其他10个地处撒哈拉的国家联接成同盟来通过植树创建一个15千米宽、7100千米长的绿化带，以此阻挡沙漠的扩张。
随着主管其境内的“绿色长城”工程的一个国家级机构的成立，塞内加尔在植树治沙方面已经走在了前列，而许多国家甚至都还没有着手建设它们境内的绿化带屏障。
“这个半干燥地区正变得越来越不适宜居住。
我们想让人们还能够继续在此居住，”帕萨上校在一次采访中说道，他是这个新成立的机构的技术主任。
萨上校已促成塞内加尔研究人员和波特舍领导的法国科学家团队在土壤微生物学、生态学、药学和人类学方面组成研究联盟。
萨上校说：“随着其他国家变得更积极起来，我们希望塞内加尔尝试的不同治沙方式能让这些国家受益”。
自2008年起，每年4月到6月，约400名工人会受雇于8个苗圃室，他们要挑选种子、照看种子的发芽，然后修剪幼苗直到这些幼苗能用于载种。
到了8月，1000多人将被调动来栽种一排排树苗，约200万株，这就使得这些树苗在漫长而干燥的旱季到来前能有足足两个月的雨季来扎根。