2019高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题4语法填空和短文改错第1讲语法必备重点1动词形式最常考“谓”与“非谓”
• 考法2 非谓语动词作定语——关系分析法
• 9．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)I was the first Western TV prerempiottretder ____________(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
• 解析：句意：如果你发现在工作之外有你喜欢做的事情，你就不 可能会把工作带回家里。be likely to do sth. “可能做某事”
• 6．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)In addition to their simple beauty，w makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without ________ (use)electric equipment.
• ④mean，forget，regret，try，go on，remember等可接动名词 不定式作宾语，应注意联系语境和动词(短语)用法确定填动名词 不定式作宾语。
• ⑤believe/consider/find/feel it＋adj. ＋to do sth. 中it
形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。
• 解析：句意：我听见我后面有个乘客冲着司机大喊，但司机坚持 到下一站才停车。refuse to do sth. “拒绝做某事”。
• 8．(2017·江苏卷)A quick review of successes and failure at the sehnapde/otofshyaepear will help __________________(shape) your year ahead.
• 解析：句意：但是已和其他超模一起走过各种秀场的萨拉想证明 己智慧与美貌并存。want to do sth. “想要做某事”。
• 5．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)If you find something you love doing outside of the officeto，bryiongu’ll be less likely ____________(bring) your work home.
• 10．(2015·全国卷)A study of travceolnedruscte_d___________(cond by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.
• 13．(2017·天津卷)I was watching the clock all through t
meeting，as I had a train ____________.
to catch
• 解析：句意：开会期间我一直在看钟表，因为我要赶火车。本空 在部分利用have sth. to do结构，表“有某事要做”，不定式 定语修饰名词a train。
名师点津
• 提示词是动词，且句中已有谓语，根据非谓语动词与主语的逻辑 系确定何种形式作定语。
• ①若表将来的动作用不定式to do；如表将来的被动的动作用to done。
• ②若与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词(v. －ing)；若与逻辑 语是被动关系，用过去分词(v. －ed)。
• ③若表被动且正在发生的动作用being done。
• 解析：句意：通过吃更多快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过他们所 的脂肪和盐分。介词by之后接动名词作宾语，表示“通过做某事 表方式。
• 2．(2018·天津)I didn’t meanto e_a_t ________(eat)anything but
the ice cream looked so good __________ (try) it. trying
• 解析：句意：公交站有很多人在等车，他们中有些人看上去非常 虑和失望。在句中作系动词looked的表语，说明people的心理感 应用以－ed形式结尾的分词，故填disappointed，意为“失望的
• 16．(2017·浙江卷)Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got ________ (sweep) into a pile of kitch rswuebpbt ish.
• 解析：句意：减少工业污染的净化河水需要多年的工作。it takes/took... to do sth. “做某事花费/需要……”，为固定句式 故填不定式to reduce。该句式中it是形式主语，不定式短语才 真正的主语。
• 15．(2014·全国卷Ⅱ)There were many people waiting at th bus stop，and some of them looked very anxious and ________________ (disappointd)is.appointed
• 解析：句意：在“猫途鹰”网站所做的一份游客调查中，阳朔被 定为世界十大旅游目的地之一。本句的谓语动词是 names，by website TripAdvisor是分词短语作后置定语，修饰study， conduct与study之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置 语。
• 11．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)It regularly arranges quick getaways here for people __________ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kolinvgin.g
• ③若非谓语动词作如下动词(短语)的宾语，则应填动名词：adm allow，advise，avoid，consider，escape，enjoy，keep， finish，feel like，get down to，include，involve，mind， miss，practice，recommend，suggest等。
• 解析：句意：我是第一个被允许拍摄照顾从野外营救的大熊猫专 的西方记者。permit与其逻辑主语reporter是逻辑上的动宾关系 故用过去分词形式后置定语。be permitted to do sth. 被容许 某事；permit sb. to do sth. “容许某人做某事”。
• 错解分析：此空极易受句式the first＋名词＋to do sth. 影响 填to permit。名词前有序数词修饰时，常用不定式做后置定语 但条件是主语与不定式是逻辑上的主谓关系。
• 牢记非谓语动词作宾语的固定结构
• ①在介词(如by，about，with，for，after to等)之后作宾语应 动名词。
• ②若非谓语动词作如下动词(短语)的宾语，则应填不定式：agr afford，choose，decide，expect，fail，hope，manage，off pretend，plan，promise，refuse，want，wish，would like， used to等。
• ④看见序数词最高级(＋名词)，用不定式作定语。
• ⑤抽象名词ability，chance，opportunity，plan，promise等 常用不定式作后置定语。
• 考法3 非谓语动词作主语和表语——成分分析法
• 14．(2014·全国卷Ⅰ)It took years of workto_re_d_u_c_e_________ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.
that
I
couldn’t
p
• 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我不打算吃任何东西，但冰淇淋 起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要试一试。固定短语mean to
do(打算做)，couldn’t help doing忍不住做。
• 3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But unlike her school friends,16－yea
• 练有小得：记牢以下动词的形式变化 • permit—permitted—permitted—permitting • stop—stopped—stopped—stopping • admit—admitted—admitted—admitting • submit—submitted—submitted—submitting • equip—equipped—equipped—equipping
• 解析：句意：土坯房值得赞扬的是它们不用电器自动调节房屋温 的能力。设空前是介词without，故该空用动名词作宾语。with doing sth. “在不做某事的情况下”。
• 7．(2014·全国卷)I heard a passenger behind me shouted t the driver，but he refused ____________ (stop) until we reachedtotshtoep next stop.
• 解析：句意：在年底对一年的成败进行快速的回顾有助于你下一 的发展。设空作动词help的宾语，应用不定式或不带to的不定式 故填shape/to shape。help (to) do sth. “帮助做某事”。
名师点津
• 提示词是动词，若句中已有谓语，且设空处不是作并列谓语而是 宾语时，应用非谓语动词。
• 解析：句意：帕尔森和丈夫认为戒指可能是被扫到一堆厨房垃圾 去了。设空前是系动词got，设空在句中作表语，sweep与the r 是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作表语。 sweep的过去式和 去分词形式分别是swept，swept。
• 17．(2017·上海卷)Do you find yourself getting impatient __________ (annoy) with people over unimportant things？
2019高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题4语法填空和短文改错第1讲语法必备重点1动词形式最常考“谓”
caught 8．(2014·全国卷Ⅱ)A boy on a bike __________ (catch) my attention. He was
riding beside the bus and waving his arms. 解析：句意：我注意到一个骑自行车的男孩。他正挨着公交车骑自行车， 一边挥舞着胳膊。根据设空后一句的were riding可知该空用一般过去时，表过去 的动作。注意catch的过去式和过去分词分别是caught，caught。
名师点津
熟用3个技巧巧解时态题 技巧1 慧眼识别标志词
在高考语法填空中，有时会给出时间标志，考生可根据所给标志词或时间
状语轻松得出答案。
①一般现在时：sometimes，every week(day，year... )等。
②一般过去时：yesterday，last week(day，year... )，the other day，in＋过去
3．(2014·全国卷Ⅰ)In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga was River Cleveland，Ohio. It ______(be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. 解析：句意：当时很难想象这条河流能被清理干净。根据句中时间状语 In 1969 可知该处谓语动词用一般过去时，填 was 。需要记住的短语 clean up“ 打 扫”。 Did 4．(2017·北京卷) ______(do) you call that company to see how they think of
searched。需要记住的短语turn up“发现；出现；露面”。
2019高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题4语法填空和短文改错第1讲语法必备重点4经常考查的并列句和三
经常考查的并列句和三大从句提分单句训练Ⅰ. 单句填空❶(2018·北京东城区二模)Nobody can go back and start a new beginning， __but__ anyone can start now and make a new ending.解析：考查连词。
空格前的句意为“没有人可以回到过去重新开始”，空格后的句意为“谁都可以从现在开始做个新的结束”，所以前后句是转折的关系，故填but。
❷(2018·天津)Kae， __whose__ sister I shared a room with when we were at college，has gone to work in Australia.解析：考查定语从句关系词。
句意：凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了。
我们在大学的时候，我和她的姐姐共住一室。
分析句子，句中先行词为Kate，在非限定性定语从句中作名词sister 的定语，故用关系代词whose。
练有小得：分析定语从句需抓住两点：1. 找准先行词；2. 看先行词在从句中所作的成分。
抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。
❸(2018·合肥三模)The ninth day of the ninth month is the day that has two “yang” numbers，and “chong” in Chinese means double，which is __how__ the name “Chongyang” came into being.解析：考查名词性从句。
句意：这就是重阳这个名字如何形成的。
________ the name “Chongyang” came into being在句中作表语，从句中缺少方式状语，故用how引导宾语从句。
❹(2018·威海二模)As a local saying goes：“If you cannot find someone，he or she is either playing mahjong __or__ on the way to play mahjong. ”解析：考查连词。
高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题4语法填空和短文改错第1讲语法必备重点1动词形式最常考“谓”与“非谓”要辨
6．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without _u_s_i_n_g___ (use)electric equipment.
解析：句意：我听见我后面有个乘客冲着司机大喊，但司机坚持要到下一 站才停车。refuse to do sth. “拒绝做某事”。
8．(2017·江苏卷)A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help __s_h_a_p_e_/t_o_s_h_a_p_e_____(shape) your year ahead.
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah，who has taken part in shows along with top models wants ___to__p_r_o_v_e___(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty
解析：句意：但是已和其他超模一起走过各种秀场的萨拉想证明自己智慧 与美貌并存。want to do sth. “想要做某事”
素能强化
真题体验
正面解读增分语法填空 考法1 非谓语动词作宾语——句型公式法 1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Fast food is full of fat and salt； by ___e_a_ti_n_g___ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. 解析：句意：通过吃更多快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过他们所需的脂肪 和盐分。介词by之后接动名词作宾语，表示“通过做某事”，表方式。
2019年高考英语短文改错真题汇编(附答案)
2019年高考英语短文改错真题汇编(名师剖析解题技巧+真题实战练习，建议下载练习)专题一：短文改错满分六步法第一步必须熟悉设错方式1. 必须熟悉设错方式：多词、少词、错词。
⑴多词现象大多出现在冠词、介词、助动词、连词、语义重复及行文逻辑等方面。
⑵少词现象主要出现在冠词、介词、副词、助动词、不定式符号to、连词等。
⑶错词现象主要在冠词、介词、名词单复数、动词时态、非谓语动词、主谓一致、代词、连词、词形。
2. 平时应加强基本功训练，用一个“错题集”本把自己或同学在书面表达中出现的错误归纳一下，以便考前复习。
短文改错与书面表达一样，最能反映一个人的语言功底。
大家在该题上失分最厉害，因为此题而影响英语总成绩的占大多数。
第二步对全文宏观把握大家应把改错内容当作一篇小短文来理解，这样能对短文有个宏观把握，对上下文有全面的了解。
在理解篇章的基础上逐句审读，分析判断，上下兼顾，把明显的、拿的准的题先做完，这样可以缩小包围圈，也有助于对全文的进一步理解。
第三步从语法角度审查1. 查看时态是否一致。
My favorite sport is football. I was a member of our football team. 全文都是用的一般现在时，此句中的was显然与上下文语境不符，应改为am。
2. 查看主谓是否一致。
Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to borrow them. cost应改为costs，因其主语是it(为形式主语)，且上下文均为一般现在时。
3. 查指代是否一致。
The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.句中的主语the Smiths表的是Smith一家人，因此指示代词his应改为their。
4. 查平行结构是否平行一致。
由and, or, but, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also..., as well as等并列连词和词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。
(高中英语2019版) 专题4 第1讲 语法必备 重点1 动词形式最常考,“谓”与“非谓”要辨清(含答案)
动词形式最常考，“谓”与“非谓”要辨清考点2 复杂多变的非谓语动词第一组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2018·福州市八县市一中联考) China is in mourning after its most famous and oldest captive(被圈养的) panda Basi died __1. aged__ (age) thirtyseven. Basi was born in the wild in 1980. At the age of four，she fell into an icy river and was __2. fortunately__ (fortune) rescued by some local villagers __3. living__ (live) in Baoxing County in southwest China’s Province. The locals handed her over to the Strait Panda Research and Exchange Centre in Fuzhou，where she lived the rest of her life. Basi came to fame shortly __4. after__ she was chosen as the model for Pan Pan，the mascot of the 1990 Asian Games in Beijing.Basi never bred(繁殖) but overcame several severe __5. illnesses__ (ill) to live for more than __6. twice__ (two) the 15－year life expectancy of wild pandas. Basi __7. was confirmed__ (confirm) to be the world’s oldest captive panda by Guinness World Records in August. Captive pandas tend to live __8. longer__ (long) due to better nutrition and living conditions. Word has come __9. that__ Basi’s body will be put in Basi Museum，which is __10. under__ construction at present for people to remember her forever and share the spirit of the harmonious development between humans and nature.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。
2019高考英语二轮复习 600分策略 专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第1讲 语法必备 重点3 小词不可忽视-冠词、介词
小词不可忽视-冠词、介词、数词和代词第一组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2018·长郡中学新高三实验班选拔考试) Traditional Chinese wedding customs have been around for thousands of years. They may vary from place to place and time to time，but have been holding an important position in the lives of Chinese people， __1. causing__ (cause) a far－reaching impact on the way the Chinese lead their lives. The traditional Chinese marriage usually __2. involves__ (involve) some necessary procedures，such as match－making，engagement，meeting the bride，and three bows. __3. In__ addition，a typical Chinese wedding nowadays goes like this—when a new couple is engaged， __4. what__ follows is a __5. choice__ (choose) of the date of their marriage.Most people would favor a holiday or special Chinese festival for their relatives and friends __6. to attend__ (attend) the wedding. However，quite a few others，especially __7. those__ in the countryside，would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness”. The wedding ceremony is usually hosted __8. warmly__ (warm) and the wedding ceremony very often ends with __9. a__ unique banquet. Toasts are made to wish the new couple long life，everlasting love and happiness，early birth of a __10. healthy__ (health) baby and so on.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国的婚俗习惯。
2019高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题4语法填空和短文改错第1讲语法必备重点4经常考查的并列句和三大从句课件
解析：句意：是她有一个新宝宝的时候了，也是小熊猫独立的时候了。
两个完整的独立的句子应该用连词相连。上下句之间为并列关系，故用and。并 列连词可以连接平行的词、短语或句子。
大 二 轮 复 习 英 语
·
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第一编 专题四
语法填空和短文改错
when 4．(2015·广东卷)One day，the cow was eating grass ________ it began to rain heavily.
解析：句意：一天，这头奶牛正在吃草，突然下起了大雨。be doing sth...
when... 是固定结构，意为“正在做某事……这时……”，when是并列连词。意 为“这时……”。
大 二 轮 复 习 英 语
·
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第一编 专题四
语法填空和短文改错
as 5．(2014·辽宁卷)It asks you to act like water； to be flexible as well ______
strong. 解析： 句意：它要求你表现得像水一样；柔韧又坚强。 as well as“ 以 及；和”，是固定短语。用来连接两个并列成分，作用相当于and。 but 6．(2014·广东卷)Our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week， ______for
a few months.
解析：句意：但是河流不是几天甚至几个月就改变了的。根据but及句意 判断，此处要填一个表示递进含义的词，故用or。or even“甚至”。 and 3．(2016·四川卷)It was time for her to have a new baby， ______it was also time for the young panda to be independent.
2019高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题4语法填空和短文改错第1讲语法必备重点2词性转换比较等级和名词的数即时
词性转换、比较等级和名词的数提分单句训练Ⅰ. 单句填空❶(2018·蚌埠二模)At the last weekend of November，I drove to Fragrant Hills Park to see red __leaves__ (leaf) with my wife.解析：考查名词的数。
句意：在十一月份的最后一个周末，我开车和妻子去香山看红叶。
leaf是可数名词，根据语境可知该处用leaf的复数形式。
❷(2018·威海二模)Chengdu has the __highest__ (high) density(密度) of restaurants of any city in the world—there are around 40,000.解析：考查比较等级。
根据该空前的定冠词the和设空后的介词短语in the world可判断出该空用最高级。
❸(2018·遂宁三模) __Traditionally__ (tradition)，food eaten on this day renamed after parts of the dragon.解析：考查词形转换。
该空在句中作状语修饰全句，应用副词，故填Traditionally。
❹(2018·唐山三模)Others argue that it’s not __reasonable__ (reason) to link degrees with swimming ability.解析：考查词形转换。
该空在句中作表语，应用形容词，故填reasonable。
❺(2018·枣庄二模)Our day was filled with __laughter__ (laugh)，lots of selfies(自拍)，chatting about experiences and also complaints of how steep the steps were the higher we climbed。
教育最新K122019高考英语二轮复习 600分策略 专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第1讲 语法必备 重点4 经常考查的并
经常考查的并列句和三大从句第一组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2018·湖北八校高三第一次联考) China has always been famous for being a “State of Etiquette(礼仪)”. According to historical documents，as early as 2,600 years ago，this nation has already established a thorough set __1. of__ dining etiquette.A famous 19th century Russian writer，Anton Chekhov，once invited a Chinese man __2. to have__ (have) a drink in a bar Chekhov said，“Before drinking from his cup，he held __3. it__ with his hands and presented to me and the bar owner and bartenders，__4. saying__ (say) ’qing (please)’. This is the custom of China. They are not like us to finish it in one drink， __5. but__ prefer to drink by taking a small amount at a time. With every sip(一小口)，he __6. ate__ ( eat ) some food. Afterwards he handed me some Chinese __7. coins__ (coin) to show gratitude. This is a rather interestingly polite nationality. . . ” This was the most valuable opinion of a Chinese person __8. that__ was given by a foreigner two centuries ago. Chinese traditional dinner procedures used to be long and dealt __9. seriously__ (serious) with； the __10. more important__ (important) the occasion，the more complex the procedures were.文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。
教育最新K122019高考英语二轮复习 600分策略 专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第1讲 语法必备 重点1 动词形式最常
动词形式最常考，“谓”与“非谓”要辨清考点2 复杂多变的非谓语动词第一组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2018·福州市八县市一中联考) China is in mourning after its most famous and oldest captive(被圈养的) panda Basi died __1. aged__ (age) thirtyseven. Basi was born in the wild in 1980. At the age of four，she fell into an icy river and was __2. fortunately__ (fortune) rescued by some local villagers __3. living__ (live) in Baoxing County in southwest China’s Province. The locals handed her over to the Strait Panda Research and Exchange Centre in Fuzhou，where she lived the rest of her life. Basi came to fame shortly __4. after__ she was chosen as the model for Pan Pan，the mascot of the 1990 Asian Games in Beijing.Basi never bred(繁殖) but overcame several severe __5. illnesses__ (ill) to live for more than __6. twice__ (two) the 15－year life expectancy of wild pandas. Basi __7. was confirmed__ (confirm) to be the world’s oldest captive panda by Guinness World Records in August. Captive pandas tend to live __8. longer__ (long) due to better nutrition and living conditions. Word has come __9. that__ Basi’s body will be put in Basi Museum，which is __10. under__ construction at present for people to remember her forever and share the spirit of the harmonious development between humans and nature.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。