研究生英语阅读教程基础级6-10课练习答案
(新编研究生英语系列教程)研究生英语阅读教程基础级第二版课件及课后答案lesson 10
② 在欧共体内，农业现在处于转折点。 Now farming is at a crossroads in the European Community.
2. Study in the same place. Once you have located a good place to study, try to study in this place regularly. You will find that you will become familiar with the surroundings and will begin to form associations between the place and the activity you perform there. Eventually, as soon as you enter the room or sit down at the desk, you will begin to feel as though you should study.
② 这所房子附带有5亩空地。 Five acres of land go with the house.
4. Stick to a routine, efficient study schedule. Studying at the same time each day will help you fall into the habit of studying more easily.
5. Do not study where you are too comfortable. If you study sitting in a lounge chair or lying across your bed, you may find it difficult to concentrate.
研究生英语阅读教程(基础级2版)课文06及其翻译
Thank God It's MondayBy Jyoti Thottam[1] As researchers in psychology, economics and organizational behavior have been gradually discovering, the experience of being happy at work looks very similar across professions. People, who love their jobs, feel challenged by their work but in control of it. They have bosses who make them feel appreciated (enjoyed) and co-workers they like. They can find meaning (interest/And they aren't just lucky. It takes real effort to reach that[2] An even bigger obstacle, though （however）, may be our low expectations on the job. Love, family, community (society) — those are supposed (thought) to be the true sources of happiness, while work simply (only) gives us the means (tools) to enjoy them. Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, who coined the term flow (happiness<->ebb), which adherents (supporter) of positive psychology would use to describe the job-induced highs (high spirit/ happiness), says that distinction (difference) is a false one. "Anything can be enjoyable if the elements of flow are present," he writes in his book Good Business." Within that framework, doing a seemingly boring job can be a source of greater fulfillment (achievement) than one (anybody) ever thought possible."[3] Csikszentmihalyi encourages (urge) us to reach a state (level/ status) in which work is an extension of what we naturally want to do. Immersed (absorbed) in the pleasure of work, we don't worry about its ultimate (final) reward. If that sounds out of reach, take heart (try one’s best). You may soon get some encouragement from the head office (headquarters). A growing (increasing) body (amount) of research is demonstrating (showing) that happy workers not only are happier in life but are also crucial (most important) to the health of a company.[4] Thirty-five years ago, the Gallup Organization started researching why people in certain work groups, even within the same company, were so much more effective (->efficient) than others. Donald Clifton, the Gallup researcher who pioneered that work, conducted (directed) a series of extensive interviews with highly productive teams of workers. From those interviews, Gallup developed a set of 12 statements (rules/ points) designed to measure employees' overall (general) level of happiness with their work, which Gallup calls "engagement". Some of the (criterion->) criteria reflect the obvious requirements of any worker (Do you have what you need to do your job? Do you know what's expected of you at work?), while others reveal (show) more subtle variables (Do you have a best friend at work? Does your supervisor (boss) or someone else at work care about you as a person?). Gallup started the survey in 1998, and it now includes 5. 4 million employees at 474 organizations; Gallup also does periodic random polls of workers in different countries.[5] The polls paint a picture of a rather disaffected (unpleasant/ unsatisfying) U.S. work force. In the most recent poll, from September 2004, only 29% of workers said they were engaged with their work. More than half, 55%, were not engaged, and 16% were actively disengaged. Still (Furthermore), those numbers are better than those (figures) in many other countries. The percentage of engaged workers in the U. S. is more than twice as large as Germany's and three times as great as Singapore's. But neither the late 1990s boom nor the subsequent （following）bust (depression) had much impact (influence) in either direction, indicating (showing/ implying) that the state of worker happiness goes much deeper than the swings (waves) of the economy.[6] James Harter, a psychologist directing (conducting) that research at Gallup, says manycompanies are simply misreading (->misled/ don’t know) what makes people happy at work. Beyond a certain minimum level, it isn't pay or benefits; it's strong relationships with co-workers and a supportive boss. "These are basic human needs in the workplace, but they're not the ones thought by managers to be very important." Harter says. Gallup has found that a strong positive response to the statement (question on questioner) "I have a best friend at work", for example, is a powerful predictor for engagement at work and is correlated with profitability and connection with customers. "It indicates (shows) a high level of belonging," Hatter says.[7] Without it, a job that looks (seems) good on paper (theoretically) can make a worker miserable [to live/lead a miserable/ happy life]. Martina Radix, 41, traded a high-pressure job as an executive assistant at a company where she liked her colleagues for a less taxing position as a clerical worker (clerk) in a law firm six years ago. She has more (free) time and flexibility but feels stifled (depressed) by her co-workers and unappreciated by her boss. "I am a misfit (mismatch) in that department," she says. "No matter how good your personal life is, if you go in to a bad (atom->) atmosphere at work, it takes away from it."In fact, engagement at workHarter estimates thatonly about 30% of the difference between employees who are highly engaged and those who are not. The rest of it is shaped (decided) by the hundreds of interactions that employees have every day with co-workers, supervisors and customers.[9] The most direct fix (remedy/ cure/ solution), then, is to seek out (look for) a supportive (positive) workplace. Finding a life calling (need) unlocks the door to happiness. Lissette Mendez, 33, says her job coordinating the annual book fair at Miami Dade College is the one she was born to do. "Books are an inextricable (inseparable) part of my life," she says.[10] Even if your passion (->passionate) does not easily translate into a profession (job->career), you can still find happiness on the job. Numerous studies have shown correlations between meaningful work and happiness, job satisfaction and even physical health. That sense (feeling/ significance) of meaning, however, can take many different forms. Some people find it in the work itself; others take pride in (be proud of) their company's mission (task) rather than in their specific job. People can find meaning in anything.[11] The desire for meaning is so strong that sometimes people simply (only) create it, especially to make sense (make sth. meaningful) of difficult or unpleasant work. In a recently completed six-year study of physicians (->surgeon) during their surgical residency, for example, it was found that the surgeons were extremely dissatisfied in the first year, when the menial (slave) work they were assigned, like (such as) filling out endless copies of patient records, seemed pointless (meaningless). Once they started to think of (regard) the training as part of the larger process of joining an elite group of doctors, their attitude changed. They're able to reconstruct (reconsider) and make sense of their work and what they do. By the end of year one, they've started to create (feel) some meanings.[12] While positive psychology has mostly focused on (stressed/ emphasized) the individual (pursue->)pursuit of happiness, a new field — positive organizational scholarship — has begun to examine the connection between happy employees and happy (successful) businesses. Instead of focusing on profitability and competition to explain success, researchers in this field are studying meaningfulness, authentic leadership and emotional competence (ability). Not the typical B-school buzzwords, but they may soon become part of the language spoken by every M. B. A.domain (field) and kind of (a little/ somewhat) fringe-ish", says Thomas Wright, a professor of organizational behavior at the University of Nevada, Reno. Early hints (clues) of the importance of worker happiness were slow (dull/ stupid) to be accepted (admitted/ understood). A 1920s study on the topic at the Hawthorne Plant of the Western Electric Co. in Cicero. It looked at (examined) whether increased lighting, shorter workdays and other worker-friendly fixes (measures) would improve (increase) productivity. While (Although) the workplace changes boosted (improved) performance, the experimenters eventually (finally) discovered (found) that the differences workers were responding to not in the physical environment but in the social one (factor). In other words, the attention they were getting was what made them happier and more effective. This phenomenon came to be known as the Hawthorne effect. "The researchers came to realize that it was people'ssays. But later studies that looked at job-satisfaction ratings were inconsistent. Broader measures (degree) of happiness, it turns out, are better predictors[14] Making any of those changes depends on the boss, although not necessarily, the CEO. So a handful of (many) business schools are trying to create (educate) a new kind of frontline manager, based on the idea of "authentic leadership". Instead of imposing faddish (fashionable) management techniques on each supervisor, authentic leadership begins with self-awareness. Introverted bosses have to know their own style and then find strategies to manage (administrate) people that feel natural (friendly). In other words, by figuring out (working out) their strengths (advantages), they[15] The goal (objective->purpose->aim) not necessarily a world (field) in which people love their work above everything else. Work, by definition, is somewhat (a little) unpleasant relative to all the other things we could be doing. That's why we still expect to get paid for doing it. But at the very least, businesses (companies or organizations) could do better just by paying attention to what their employees want and need (financially and spiritually). Then more of us could find a measure (degree) of fulfillment (achievement) in what we do. And once in a while (now and then/ occasionally), we might hope to transcend (surpass) it all. It can happen on the basketball court (field), in front of a roaring crowd, or in a classroom, in front of just one grateful (thankful) student. (1, 669 words)ABOUT THE AUTHORJyoti Thottam is a writer and a business reporter for Time magazine in New York. She was the president of the South Asian Journalists' Association from 2001-2002.EXERCISESI . Reading ComprehensionAnswer the following questions or complete the following statements.1. By the title "Thank God It's Monday", the author wanted to convey the idea that _____.A. people love their work above everything elseB. people can find happiness in their workC. most people have the experience of being happy at workD. people can find meaning in whatever they do2. According to Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, _____.A. love, family and community are not supposed to be the true sources of happinessB. work simply gives us the means to enjoy the happiness we get from love, family and communityC. even a seemingly boring job can be a source of happiness for usD. the positive psychology that is used to describe the job-induced highs is false3. According to the research made by the Gallup Organization, what makes people happy at work?A. Reasonable pay or benefits.B. Positive relationship with co-workers and boss.C. People's engagement with their work.D. Both A and B.4. According to the research made by the Gallup Organization, the number of engaged workers in Singapore was about _____.A.10%B. 14.5%C.16%D.29%5. Now Martina Radix _____.A. has a high-pressure job but she has positive relationship with her co-workersB. has a less demanding job but she has a bad relationship at workC. has more time and flexibility so she is satisfied with her personal lifeD. is an executive assistant at a company but she feels she is a misfit in that department6. People can find meaning in their work in the following situations EXCEPT _____.A. if they love their job very muchB. if their work itself is very importantC. if their company's mission is very importantD. if they are paid at a minimum level7. By the end of year one, surgical residents can find their menial work meaningful because _____.A. in the past year, they have become accustomed to the workB. they can stop doing such pointless jobs as filling out endless copies of patient recordsC. they realize that the menial work is a necessary step to become a doctorD. they're able to construct their fame if they deal with patients more often8. What made the workers happier and more effective, according to the study at the Hawthorne Plant of the Western Electric Co. in Cicero, in the 1920s?A. The attention paid to the workers.B. The new worker-friendly measures.C. The improvement of the physical environment.D. The improvement of the social environment.9. According to the article, which of the following statements is true?A. The better productivity of a company depends on its CEO.B. Authentic leaders should learn more management techniques.C. Bosses should find strength in both themselves and their employees.D. The results of the studies on job-satisfaction ratings were all similar.10. The author's purpose in writing this article is _____.A. to make more people enjoy their workB. for people to find fulfillment in what they doC. to reevaluate some theories in positive psychologyD. to help business be more effective and productiveII. VocabularyA. Read the following sentences and decide winch of the four choices below each sentence is closest in meaning to the underlined word.1. I advocate a holistic recognition that biology and in an inextricable manner (way).A. complicatedB. unavoidableC. customarylove of the picturesque and sublime nature.A. immenseB. fascinating (attractive)C. magnificent (great/ noble)D. enchanting (attractive)3. One important feature (property/ character) of the period was the growth (development) of Buddhism. Its adherents honored the Buddha in order to be reborn in his paradise.A. sponsors C. advocators D. advisors4. As censorship was extremely strict in that period, little authentic news came out of the country.A. negativeB. disastrousC. officialD. reliable5. If a block of wood is completely immersed in water, the upward force is greater than the weight of the wood.A. dippedB. pressedC. forcedD. pushed6. According to Zhuangzi, a Daoist (道家) philosopher of the late 4th century B.C., through mystical union with the Dao the individual could transcend nature and even life and death.A. dissolveB. upraise (bring up)C. surpassD. depress (->suppress)7. As economic growth ground to a halt (stop), the local populations grew (became) more and more disaffected.A. indifferentB. resentfulC. unvaluedD. (dignity->)indignant (>angry)8. Capitalism was beset (be troubled) by cycles of "boom and bust", periods of expansion and prosperity followed by economic collapse [->collapsible] and waves of unemployment. [beheaded= killed]A. failureB. transitionC. (lose->)lossD. depression [the Great Depression]9. At that time (=then), life was nearly as taxing (burdensome) for all-black bands: black musicians were required to use kitchen entrances and service elevators (=lift), which forced them to confront the ugly realities of racial discrimination. [Hard Times]A. miserableB. hard (=difficult)C. unbearableD. harsh10. Modern and implicit (<->explicit) censorship has nothing like the power of the old system and contrary opinion is never entirely stifled.A. releasedB. arrestedC. retarded (->retardant)D. prohibited [pro-: (1)officially; (2)forward]B. Choose the best word or expression from the list given for each blank. Use each word orexpression only once and make proper changes where necessary.in control of within the framework variables it turns out on papertake away from once in a while trade... for make sense take heartattended by those who can afford (=pay for) the fees (->fare). [(1)border; (2)](now and then/ occasionally).if the expression on theof the Security Council. [city council]5. He lost his confidence after he lost the first two trails, but his coach told him to(<->lose one’s heart), so that he could win at last.his success in writing it.7. The presentation of his paper was highly praised, but that the paper was copied from the Internet. [think great/ much of sb./ think highly of sb.<->think little of sb./ look down upon sb.; Turn out: (1)The police turned out to the site of the crime; (2)The produce or product turned out;(3) It has been proved that…;]to her. [She doesn’t understand it].the meeting, and after singing and prayer she10. The early settlers copper for corn from natives. [to settle in somewhere/ ~ an argument][scorn (look down upon sb.;)]IV. ClozeThere are ten blanks in the following passage. Read the passage carefully and choose theright word or phrase from the list given below for each of the blanks. Change the form if necessary. supposed to be unless all too often which externalthoroughly that on the other hand in return ironically Although, as we have seen, people generally long (want/ desire) to leave their places of workand get home, ready (=willing) to put their hard-earned free time to good use, 1 all too often (frequently)they have no idea (=don’t know) what to do there. 2 Ironically , jobs are actually easier to enjoy than free time, because like flow activities they (work) have built-in goals, feedback, rulesencourage one (anybody) to become involved (join) in one's work, to concentrate and lose oneself (be absorbed) in it. Free time, 4 on the other hand, is unstructured (unorganized), and requires much greater effort to be shaped into something (meaningful) that can and especially inner discipline, help to make leisure (free time) what it is 5chance for "re-creation" . But on the whole (in general), people miss the opportunity to enjoy leisureeven more 6 thoroughly (completely)than they do with working time. It is in the improvidentthe greatest wastes of American life occur. [tourism and recreation industry]Mass leisure, mass culture, arid even high culture when only attended to (actively<->)8 external Reasons — such as the wish to display (show) one's status — are parasites of the mind. They absorb (=exhaust) psychic energy without providing substantive (considerable) strength (energy) 9 in return. They leave (=make) us more exhausted, more disheartened (depressed) than we were before. 10and free time are likely (possible) to be disappointing. Most jobs and many leisure activities —especially those involving the passive consumption of mass media — are not designed (intended) to make us happy and strong, or to make us learn to enjoy our work. [attend a meeting/ a class]IV. TranslationPut the following party into Chinese.1. Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, who coined the term flow, which adherents of positive psychology would use to describe the job-induced highs, says that distinction is a false one. "Anything can be enjoyable if the elements of flow are present," he writes in his book Good Business. "Within that framework, doing a seemingly boring job can be a source of greater fulfillment than one ever thought possible."米哈里·奇凯因特米哈里认为这种区分是错误的。
工程硕士研究生英语基础教程课后习题Unit6-10
工程硕士研究生英语基础教程课后习题Unit6-10Unit 5A．Translate the following into Chinese.1. The irony is that children start out as natural scientists, instinctively eager to investigate the world around them.1、有讽刺意义的是，孩子就是天生的自然科学家，本能地渴望探索周围的世界。
2. This began a barrage of questions that lasted nearly two hours.2、一下子一大堆这样的问题就提了出来，时间持续了将近两个小时。
3. Science is not just facts but the meaning that people give to them- by weaving information intoa story about how nature probably operates.3、科学不仅仅是事实，而是人们赋予它的内涵——即各项信息汇总成为大自然的有根据的运行实况。
4. Studies over the past three decades have shown that after asking a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for a response- no time for a child to think.4、过去30年的研究也表明了这一点，当问了一个问题后，成年人一般等待回答的时间也就是1秒钟甚至更少，没有留出时间让孩子进行思考。
4. Instead, keep the ball rolling by say ing, “That’s interesting” or “I’d never thought of it that way before”, or coming up with more questions or ideas.5、反过来，要鼓励他们继续讨论，可以这样说“这个想法很有意思！”或者“我以前从来就没有这样想过。
研究生英语教材第一册答案
《研究生英语阅读教程》上册课后练习答案Unit OneWestern Legal SystemPassage AThe Law and the PoorKEYS TO EXERCISESⅠ. Reading comprehension1-5 CBCAD 6-10 CBBBDⅡ. Vocabulary1. C2. A3. C4. B5. A6. D7. A8. D9. C 10. BⅢ. Word bank1. enrolment2. aggregate3. regressive4. takes issue with5. On balance6. accrue to7. enforceable8. access to9. Spelling out 10. sweepingⅣ. Cloze1. A2. C3. B4. B5. D6. C7. A8. B9. D 10. D 11. C 12. B 13. A14. A 15. BⅤ. Translation1. By this measure, emerging Asia's middle class remains relatively small.2. I would take issue with you on your statement that we know all the facts about this matter.3. Far from admitting his own mistake, he falsely accused his critic.4. Despite some failures, our firm has had quite a good year on balance.5. You could call in the twelve guys who had access to the report.6. Lawyers are less than 1% of American adults, but they are well-represented in government. Both the president and the vice-president trained as lawyers. So did 55% of senators and 100% of Supreme Court justices. There are advantages to having a bit of legal expertise among those who write and execute the nation‘s laws, or assess their constitutionality. But there is also a potential conflict of interest.课文翻译法律与穷人印度内阁于12月通过了一项名为―食品权利‖的议案，一旦通过，该法案将赋予印度三分之二的人口获得廉价食品的权利。
研究生英语阅读教程第三版(基础级)翻译答案Lesson1_6
1.For English is a killer. It is English that has killed off Cumbric, Cornish, Norn and Manx. There are still parts of these islands where sizeable communities speak languages that were there before English. Yet English is everywhere in everyday use and understood by all or virtually all, constituting such a threat to the three remaining Celtic languages, Irish, Scottish Gaelic, and Welsh... that their long-term future must be considered... very greatly at risk.因为英语是个杀手。
正是英语造成了康瑞克、康尼施、诺恩、曼科斯等语言的消亡。
在其中一部分岛上还有相当多的人使用在英语到来之前就已存在的语言。
然而，英语在日常生活中无处不在。
所有的人或几乎所有的人都懂英语。
英语对现存的凯尔特语——爱尔兰语、苏格兰盖尔语及威尔士语的威胁是如此之大，它们的未来岌岌可危。
2.He also associated such policies with a prejudice which he calls linguisticism (a condition parallel to racism and sexism). As Phillipson sees it, leading institutions and individuals within the predominantly "white" English-speaking world, have (by design or default) encouraged or at least tolerated—and certainly have not opposed—the hegemonic spread of English, a spread which began some three centuries ago as economic and colonial expansion.同时，他认为这些政策和他称之为语言歧视（和种族歧视、性别歧视的情况类似）的偏见密切相关。
《研究生英语阅读教程》(基础级)第三版课文译文
研究生英语阅读教程（基础级）第三次修订版课文参考译文第一课A世界英语：是福是祸？汤姆•麦克阿瑟（1）2000 年，语言学家、威尔士人格兰维尔•普莱斯，在他编辑的《英国与爱尔兰的语言》中发表了如下的观点：因为英语是个杀手。
正是英语，导致坎伯兰语、康沃尔语、诺恩语和马恩语灭亡。
在那些岛屿的部分地区，还有较大规模的群体讲比英语更古老的当地语言。
但是，现在日常生活中，英语无处不在，人人—或者说—几乎人人都懂英语。
英语威胁到那三种遗留的凯尔特语：爱尔兰语、苏格兰盖尔语和威尔士语，……所以必须意识到，从长远来看，这三种语言的未来……十分危险。
（第141 页）在此几年前，1992 年，英国学者罗伯特．菲利普森（他如今在丹麦工作）在牛津大学出版了一本书，名为《语言领域的帝国主义》。
在书中，他指出，主要的英语国家、世界范围内英语教学产业，尤其是英国文化委员会，实施的是语言扩张政策。
他还把这种政策和他所称的“语言歧视”（这个情况类似于“种族歧视”、“性别歧视”）联系在一起。
在菲利普森看来，以“白人”为主的英语世界中，起主导作用的机构和个人，鼓励或者至少容忍英语大肆扩张，他们当然不反对英语的扩张。
英语的扩张开始于大约三个世纪以前，最初表现形式是经济与殖民扩张。
（2）菲利普森本人为英国文化委员会工作过几年。
和他一样，还有一些母语为英语的学者，也试图强调英语作为世界语言的危险。
在过去几十年里，人们从三个群体的角度，就英语的国际化进行了广泛的讨论。
第一个群体是ENL 国家，英语是母语（这个群体也叫“内部圈”）；第二个群体是ESL 国家，英语是第二语言（“外部圈”）；第三个群体是EFL 国家，英语是外语（“扩展圈”）。
二十世纪八十年代，这些词语开始流行。
从那时起，这第三圈实际上已扩展到全球范围。
（3）从来没有像英语这样?语言，这既有利也有弊。
曾经有许多“世界语言”，例如：阿拉伯语、汉语、希腊语、拉丁语和梵语。
总的来说，我们现在认为这些语言比较好，经常以赞美、感激的语气谈论与它们相关的文化以及它们给世界带来的变化。
研究生英语阅读教程(基础级)第一章课后习题答案
Lesson1Developing YourReading Efficiency READING SELECTIONAWorld English:A Blessing or a CurseI.READING COMPREHENSION1.B2.B3.C4.D5.A6.D7.C8.D9.C10.CII.VOCABULARYA1.T h e r e h a s b e e n m u c h o p p o s i t i o n f r o m s o c i a l g r o u p s,f r o m t h e f a r m i ng c o m m u n i t y.A.s t r a i g h t f o r w a r d l y(直接地)B.n o t a b l y(显著地，尤其)C.v i r t u a l l y(事实上)D.e x c e p t i o n a l l y(例外地)正确答案：B译文:社会团体，尤其是农业团体，对此有许多反对意见。
2.T h e v i e w i n B r i t a i n a n d o t h e r W e s t e r nc o u n t r i e s a s s o c i a t e s a g i n g w i t hde c l i n e,d e p e n d e n c y, i s o l a t i o n,a n d of t e n p o v e r t y.A.p r e d o m i n a n t(占支配地位的)B.c r e d u l o u s(轻信的)C.i n c l u s i v e(包含的)D.s u s t a i n a b l e(可持续的)正确答案：A译文:英国和其他西方国家的主流观点认为，老龄化意味着衰落、依赖、孤立，而且往往是贫穷。
3.B u t g i f t s s u c h a s t h e s e c a n n o t b e a w a r d e d t oe v e r y b o d y,e i t h e r b y j u d g e s o r b y t h e m o s t o fg o v e r n m e n t s.A.t o u g h(困难的)B.d e m a n d i n g(苛求的)C.d i v e r s e(不同的)D.b e n i g n(有利的;善良的)正确答案：D译文:但是，这样的礼物不可能由法官或最仁慈的政府颁发给所有人。
研究生英语阅读教程课后答案课课件
• 6.你知道希腊色拉到底是什么 吗？它本身就是一顿饭，也 是一次经历，一种情感。 它 的制作是一个娴熟而高雅的 过程。希腊神话中说：一天 晚上宙斯请中众神来奥林匹 亚 山赴宴时，他亲自创造了 希腊色拉的调制法，并亲手 把山里的各种原料收集混拌 在了一起。
研究生英语阅读教程课后答案课
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Translation
• 1-5 BBCDA • 6-10 DCDCC • P8 II. Vocabulary
• A. Choose the best word from the four choices given to complete each of the following sentences
• 1-5 BADCB • 6-10DABAC
• 3.work off
4. Deftly
• 5. sternly
6. Desolate
• 7. brusquely 8.mutely
• 9. Make amends 10.derided
研究生英语阅读教程课后答案课
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Keys to Cloze Lesson 4
• III.Cloze
• 1.successive 2.look down on
研究生英语阅读教程课后答案课
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• 10 briefed
Key to exercises in Lesson 3
• I.Reading comprehension
• 1-5DACDB • 6-10ABCBA • II.Vocabulary • A. • 1-5 CABDA • 6-10DCBAD
• B.
研究生英语阅读教程课后答案课
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Exercises P 9-15
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Key to I . B 2.Arguments for and against banning of tobacco:
Against banning The government represented by Al Gore argues that there are too many smokers ------------------------------ Public opinion: Responsibilityminded Americans believe that individuals have the right to poison themselves. ---------------------------- Tobacco companies 1. In the past: Cigarettes were not dangerous and they were not additive. 2. At present: No cigarettes are safe, the FDA, created to safeguard the safety of products, cannot regulate
Lesson 8
II. Vocabulary A. 1-5DAABB 6-10CCDAB B.
1.At your fingertips 3.decode promise 7,toxic 9.predisposed to hered in 4.wreaked havoc 6.malfunction 8.discriminated 10.customized
Lesson 7
5.布坎南的说法暗示着这样一个假定:如果 不是因为北方狂热分子,其次是南方极端分 子,这场战争根本没有必要 爆发.换言之,当 时没有什么实质性的问题严重到了在1861 年非动武不可;这场战争就是南北两方极端 分子引发的.
Lesson 8 Exercise IV
1 . 20世纪90年代的技术进步似乎带来了一 场其意义堪与200年以前的工业革命相媲美 的社会与经济方面的革命， 它创造早了一 个崭新的社会，在这个社会里人们由技术 相连接，数字化的信息商业以及通信都在 弹指一挥间。
Lesson 7
II. Vocabulary A. 1-5 CCADA 6-10BAABC
B. 1.cult 3.unwarranted 5.insofar as 7.plunged into 9.necessitate
2.manifold 4.depict 6.at stake 8.leading up to 10.domineering
Lesson 7
3亨利维尔森在他发表于 19世纪70年代的一本名著 中写到：蓄奴势力 “为了 维护其受到威胁的生活方 式，在对鼓舞人心的共和 精神、对基督民众圣洁珍 贵的情感、对共和国的 长 远利益和威望进行了长达 几十年的攻击之后，他们 组织阴谋叛乱，扩大了变 革规模，把国家抛入血腥 战争之中。” 4.对于大多数北方作者来 说,战争的起因是顽固坚持 邪恶制度的奴隶主策划的 阴谋,而北方则顶着南方无 端发起的非道义进攻在捍 卫联邦,捍卫宪法.
Lesson 9 IV.Translation
1当然，你可能是少数 乐天派中的一员，不 需要我表示敬意：你 要么已经能心平气和 地接受死亡；要么相 信人死后还有灵魂； 要么期待着体验融入 万物的愉悦。 2 但是不论他是骑在 一匹羸弱苍白的马上， 身后跟着个小鬼；还 是手持长柄镰刀，身 披斗篷的骷髅骨架； 或是像死神的假期中 的费德瑞克 玛区那样 干净整洁的小伙子， 所传递的信息都是同 样的：只要死神出现， 就要随他离去。
3. Tobacco companies have tried to win support for their products by: 1) making contributions to the Republicans to win their political support. 2) making contributions to soup kitchens, ballet companies, museums and shelters to build an image of being a good citizen 3. admitting their wrong-doing in order to win the war of the profit margin 4)Conclulsion: The author’s attitude toward tobacco: Tobacco should be banned. The future of tobacco: Tobacco may not be banned in our lifetime.
Translation
3. 从此之后，烟草公 4.责任意识强的美国 司就像夏天在草坪上 人接受任何人都有权 洒s除草剂一般四处提 毒害自己的观点，但 供政治捐款，主要支 是，研究显示绝大多 持和自己立场相似的 数吸烟者开始吸烟时 共和党人，因为共和 仍未成年，这就是对 知情吸烟提出了疑问。 党人虽然痛恨肺气肿， 但却更喜爱自由企业 （以及软资金）
Keys to I
II
A. 1-5 CBDAB 6-10ACDCB B. 1.addicted to 2.lethal 3.judicial 4.handed down 5.on behalf 6.the bottom line 7.pernicious 8.bankrupt 9.heartfelt 10.catchy
Lesson 8
5.但是一些批评人士质疑说，把花在太空 上的钱用来资助地球上的新发现不是更好 呢？似乎地球上正进行着多么有趣的新项 目，太空研究不在那么必要了。
Lesson 9
II. Vocabulary A. 1-5 ABACD 6-10 BAABD B. 1.morality 2.scary 3.withstand 4.prevalent 5.salute 6.confessioin 7.snapped up 8.took on 9.reconciled to 10.eternitI. B
Arguments for banning tobacco 1. The arguments that there are too many smoker, too many tobacco farmers also hold for drugs such as heroin and cocaine. There is no reason that heroine and cocaine are banned while tobacco should not.
III Cloze
1.fueled 2.legislation 3. approximately 4.polled 5.had been considered 6.ethnic 7.die of 8. experienced pared with 10. end up
Lesson 8
2.科技的新发展似乎向人们承诺提供从消 除有毒废料到食品采买一系列问题的最终 解决方案—遗传工程师培养出了能够吞食 工业残渣的微生物，麻省理工学院媒体实 验室的研究人员设计出了能够觉查箱内牛 奶告罄便上网订购的冰箱。
Lesson 8
3 .1997年克隆动物的成功表明了克隆人一不成问 题，人们担心人类可能会朝着一个由基因制造的 人组成的 “大胆的新世界”方向发展，这已不在 是单纯的理论问题了。 4.尽管大多数的美国人赞成小孩不应接触这些内 容，但试图规范个人网页和新闻组内容的努力还 是同互联网是公开的、非集权的大众媒体理念发 生了冲突，在这种媒体中，即使最荒唐、最令人 讨厌的东西也可以发表。
For banning tobacco The arguments that there are too many smokers, too many tobacco farmers also hold for drugs such as heroine and cocaine .There is no reason that heroine and cocaine are banned while tobacco should not. -----------------------Many smokers beginning as minors has raised questions to the so-called informed consent. ----------------------------------1 Cigarettes have been proved to be dangerous and addictive. A hundred years ago the sale of cigarettes was against the law in 14 states 2. The food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act for bids the sale of any drug that is not safe and effective, and part of the FDA’s mandate is to regulate devices. Cigarettes are a device. The drug and chemicals they deliver are patently unsafe. Ergo, cigarettes should be banned
Keys to Translation
1.欢迎来到乌七八糟的烟 草世界。在这里，除了巨 大的利益，没有什么具有 重要意义；在这里，烟草 公司的负责人不费吹灰之 力就能穿梭与不同的角色 之间，从表现为愤愤不平 的无辜转而变为诚心诚意 的悔过； 在这里似乎唯一 言行正直的人就是那些判 定随处可见的烟草诉讼案 的陪审员们。 这些陪审员放弃了生命中 的两年时光，聆听了无数 证人的证言，却用了仅仅 几个小时就商议定案。 如 果他们像爱丽丝跌下了兔 子洞进入仙境，听到红桃 皇后高喊“砍掉他们的脑 袋”，却从未有一个人被 砍头，这种感却觉是可以 谅解的。