中考英语主谓一致专题复习
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中考英语主谓一致专题复习
主谓一致
主谓一致,指主语和谓语动词在“人称”和“数”上保持一致。
一、主谓一致的“三个原则”
1、语法一致原则
句子的主语是单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词必须用单数;
主语是复数名词时,谓语动词必须用复数。
eg: America is a rich country.
These pictures are very beautiful.
2、意义一致原则
指谓语动词用单数还是复数取决于主语所表达的意义。
eg: This pair of glasses is hers.
The police are looking for him.
3、就近一致原则
连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数还是用复数形式,取决于最靠近它的主语。
就近一致原则的常用词组有: not only...but also...,
either...or..., neither...nor..., there be, here开头的句子.
eg: Not only you but also he is wrong.
There is a book and two pens on the desk.
名词+as well as+名词时,谓语动词与第一个名词一致。
eg: The students as well as the teacher were present at the meeting.
二、主谓一致的“两大看点”:
1、谓语动词为单数形式的情况
1)单数可数名词或不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
The book is Tom’s.
Some water is in the bottle.
2)表示时间、价格、数目、重量、长度、数学运算等的词或短语作主语时,常把它们看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式。
eg: Two months is a long holiday.
Ten miles isn’t a long way.
3)动词不定式、动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
eg: To see is to believe.眼见为实。
Doing eye exercises is good for you eyes.做眼保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。
4)以-s结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义时,谓语动词用单数形式。
eg: No news is good news.没有消息就是好消息。
5)”the number of+复数名词”“作主语,表示……的总数,……的数目”, 谓语动词用单数形式。
eg: The number of the students in our class is 53. 我们班学生人数是53。
6)由one of、each of、every one of、neither of、either of 后接复数名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
eg: one of the teachers is among them. 其中一名老师就在他们中间。
Neither of two sons is a doctor. 两个儿子都不是医生。
7)主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式。
eg: Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。
Every man and every woman is at work.. 每个男人和女人都在工作。
8)many a(许多)+单数名词;more than one+单数名词;a/an+单数名词+or two;one and a half+复数名词,谓语动词用单数形式。
eg: Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。
A student or two has failed the exam.一两个学生考试不及格。
One and a half hours is enough.一个半小时足够了。
9)单数名词作主语,后面有with、together with、besides、expect、but、like等介词或介词短语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
eg: Mike with his father has been to England.
Mike, like his father, enjoys playing football.
10)由some、any、no、every与thing、one、body一起构成的复合不定代词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
eg: Everyone is here today.
Something is wrong with him.
2、谓语动词为复数形式的情况
1)主语为复数名词,谓语动词用复数形式。
eg: The students are playing football.
2)people、police、Chinese等集体名词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。
eg: People here are very friendly.
3)a number of、the rest of、half of、plenty of、a lot of、lots of、most of+复数名词等作主语,谓语动词用复数形。
eg: A lot of people have been to Beijing.
Most of people are shocked at the news.
4)trousers、clothes、glasses、chopsticks等作主语,谓语动词用复数形式;其前有a pair of时,谓语动词用单数形式。
eg: The trousers are blue.
A pair of shoes was on the desk.