初中语法常见语法错误

初中语法常见语法错误
初中语法常见语法错误

初中英语常见的语法错误

在下面的十组例句中,第一句是病句,第二句则是改正过来的句子。

、句子之间缺少过渡性的单词或词组

① Salmons swim upstream, they leap over huge dams to reach their destination.

② Salmons swim upstream, and then they leap over huge dams to reach their destination.

、省字号(') 的滥用

① the government's plan

② the plan of the government

三、代词之间的性、数、格不一致

① Everyone has their homework.

② Everyone has his (or her) homework.

四、主句与从句的顺序不当

① Some of the new dot-com millionaires found out the party was over, after the NASDAQ value dropped by over two thirds.

② After the NASDAQvalue dropped by over two thirds, someof the new dot-com millionaires found out the party was over.

五、双重否定

① Barely no one noticed that the pop star lip-synched during the whole performance.

② Barely anyone noticed that the pop star lip-synched during the whole performance.

六、修饰语、插入语的位置不当

① The forest fire, no longer held in check by the exhausted firefighters, jumped the firebreak.

② No longer held in check by the exhausted firefighters, the forest fire jumped the firebreak.

七、意义含糊的先行词

① The band members collected his and her uniforms.

② The band members collected their uniforms.

八、介词和冠词的滥用

① The project of the government reduces the costs of production of the private firms.

② The government project reduces the production costs of private firms.

九、句子缺少成分

① When aiming for the highest returns, and also thinking about the possible losses.

② When aiming for the highest returns, investors also should think about the possible losses.

十、忘记断句

① I do not recall what kind of printer it was all I remember is that it could sort, staple, and print a packet at the same time.

② I do not recall what kind of printer it was. All I rememberis that it could sort, staple, and print a packet at the same time.

倒装

谓语动词放在主语之前的这种语法现象称为倒装。从倒装的形式来看,可分为全部倒装(full inversion) 和部分倒装(partial inversion) 两种。前者是指整个谓语置于主语之前,而后者仅是指助动词、情态动词或be 动词等功能置于主语这前。

引起倒装的情况多种多样,倒装的表现形式大体有下列几种:

1.在疑问句中

例1:How are you getting along with your work?

例2:Is this report written in detail?

注:如疑问词作主语或者作定语修饰主语时,不发生倒装。

2.在there be 及其类似结构中

例1:There are forty students in our class.

例2:There seem to be still some elements undiscovered yet.

例3:There stands a bridge across the river.

3.在表示祝愿的句子中

例1:Long live the People 's Republic of China!

例2:May you succeed!

例3:Dog-tired though they were, they continued to march on.

4.在省略if 的虚拟语气条件状语从句中

这类句子中有were, had, should 等词时,把were, had 或should 置于句首。

例1:Were there no air or water, there would be no life in the world.

例2:Had you been more careful, such spelling mistakes might have been avoided.

5.在so, nor, neither 或no more 开头的句子

此类句子通常表示前面一句话中的谓语所说明的情况,也适用于另一句中的

1)This problem is not difficult and neither

is that one.

2)Coal is under the ground in some places, and so

is oil.

6.在以具有否定意义的副词、连词及词组开头的句子中

这些词和词组通常有:rarely, never, scarcely, no sooner, little, few,

hardly, seldom, at no time, in no way, on no account,

nowhere, nobody,

not only 等。例如:

1)Visit our stores. Nowhere else will you find such

magnificent

bargains

.

2) Hardly had he finished his work when the

telephone rang.

3) Not only did he complain about the food, he also

refused to pay

for

it.

4) Little did we think his speech had made so deep an

impression on

his

audience.

7.在强调表语时

例1:Worst of all were the

humiliations.

例2:Such is the

case.

1) Round the corner walked a large

policeman.

8.在强调宾语时

例 1: Still greater contributions should we make to our socialist construction.

例 2: Useful chemical fertilizer can we make from the waste

liquid.

注:当前置宾语由“ not a + 名词”或者“ not a single + 名词”构成时, 也会引起倒装。例如:

Alice had a terrible time touring that country. Not a day did she spend without having some unpleasantness with waiters in the hotel.

9.在强调状语时

(1)当句首状语为方位词或拟声词,谓语动词为

go, come 等表示位置转移

的动词时句子须倒装。例如: 1) Up went the plane.

2) In came the chairman and the meeting began.

注:如果主语是代词则不发生倒装。例如:

当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时,句子须倒装。例如:

1) Out they rushed!

2) Lower and lower he bent.

(2)

2)Under the table was lying a half-conscious young man.

3)当句首状语由“ only + 副词”,“ only + 介词词组”,“ only + 状语

从句”构成时,句子须倒装。例如:

1)Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing.

2)Only because there were some cancelled bookings did he get some tickets in the end.

4)当句首状语为here, there, now, then 等时,句子须倒装,主语是代词时,句子不用倒装。例如:

1)Here is a ticket for you.

2)Now comes your turn.

3)Here he comes.

(5)以关联词so (…that)开头的句子中,句子须倒装。例如:

1) So small was the mark that I could hardly see it.

2) So quickly did the workmen finish their work that they were given a bonus.

3)So much does he worry about his financial position that he can t sleep at night.

注:在该结构中,“ so +形容词”是表语的前置;“ so +副词”是状语的前置。

雅思常见语法错误

1.Give children a comfortable home environment is parents’ duty. 2.Students receive job training is important. 3.Students receive job training can become competitive in the labor market. 4.Many rural residents have decided move to cities. 常见语法错误二: 1.Raising standards of literacy are the government’s priority. 2.To rear a child alone are challenging to any parent. 3.The adequacy of financial resources are crucial to the operation of a not-for-profit organization. 4.Overworking, coupled with poor diet, lead to physical degeneration. 5.Even if somebody fall sick, everything go on as usual. 6.There is a number of countries which perform poorly in containing pollution. 7.How we cope with massive technological change in the 21st century are an interesting issue.

现代汉语 常见的语法错误

第十节常见的语法错误 我们在写作中出现的语法错误是各种各样的。有些语病,如“词类误用”、“复句组织中的毛病”、“虚词使用不当”等,我们已经在有关章节(分别在第二节、第八节、第九节)里谈得比较集中,比较充分,在这一节里就不再谈了。有些语病,如“搭配不当”、“残缺”、“词语位置不当”等,虽也已分别在前面几节里谈到过,但考虑到一般在写作中犯这些方面的毛病比较多,前面又是分散着谈的,这里有集中谈一下的必要,所以这里将不避重复,再作进一步的说明。此外,在这一节里我们还想谈谈在指代和数量表达方面的问题,因为这方面的毛病也比较常见。 一句法成分搭配不当 所谓句法成分搭配不当,是指句子中密切相关的句法成分,如主语和谓语、述语和宾语、定语和中心语、状语和中心语等,在组织句子时,由于没有注意照顾它们之间的配合,结果造成了搭配不当的毛病。 (一)主语和谓语搭配不当 主谓搭配不当是常见的毛病。请看下面的例子: (1)*修建高速公路是很必要的,但是应该看到,我们国家的经济基础还比较低,还不能一下子省与省之间都通高速公路。(报) (2)*生活告诉人们:急躁的人,事情一旦办不成,往往容易转化为灰心丧气。(刊)例(1)“经济基础”不能与“低”搭配。如果要保留“经济基础”,可以将“低”改为“薄弱”;如果要保留“低”,可以将“经济基础”改为“经济发展水平”。例(2)“人……转化为……灰心丧气”显然不通。“转化为”三个字完全是多余的,应删去。 有些主语与谓语搭配不当的毛病比较隐晦,需要作些分析才能发现。例如:(3)*你刚18岁,正值青春茂盛之时。(刊) (4)*这篇通讯的作者有很好的理论修养,所以立意很深。(书) 例(3)“你……正值……之时”没有错,但“之时”前一加上“青春茂盛”这个定语就使主语“你”与谓语“正值青春茂盛之时”就不搭配了。人怎么能像植物那样“茂盛”呢?把“茂盛”删去,句子当然通了,但念着还是别扭。比较好的改法是,将“青春茂盛之时”改为“青春年华”。例(4)是个因果复句,单就每个分句看,似没有语法错误;但读者读到后一个分句“立意很深”,总觉着别扭。“立意很深”是陈述那个成分的呀?从句子结构上看,“立意很深”该是说明“作者”的,因为后一个分句是承前省略了主语,那省略的主语该是“通讯的作者”;但从意思上说,“立意很深”该是用来陈述“这篇通讯”,因为“立意很深”只能用来形容作品内容,不能用来说明人。所以这个句子的毛病也属于主谓搭配不当的语法错误。 下面的例子是主谓搭配不当的另一种情况: (5)*理论正确是衡量文章好坏的重要标准。 (6)*汽车本身质量的好坏,也是保证行车安全的一个很重要的条件。 例(5)主语“内容正确”是从一个方面说的,而谓语“是衡量文章好坏的重要标准”则是从两方面说的,不搭配。宜将主语改成“内容是否正确”或“内容正确与否”。例(6)刚好相反,主语是从两个方面说的,而谓语是从一个方面说的,也不搭配。宜将谓语改成“也是能否保证行车安全的一个很重要的条件”。 当主语或谓语是联合词组时,更要注意主谓的配合。下面的句子都有问题: (7)*一年不见,她的身体,她的业务水平和思想水平都比先前提高了许多。(刊)(8)*由于该县领导严重忽视安全生产,以致劳动者生命和财产遭受巨大损失的事

学为贵雅思:雅思写作常见语法错误

雅思写作常见的8种语法错误 1 语序 从句不使用疑问句语序,而使用陈述句语序,即主语在前,谓语在后的顺序排列。 错例1 Canyou tell me how many students are there in this class? 正解: Can you tell me howmany students there are inthis class? 错例2 Theywere more worried about how far did they have to walk to get t o the trainstation and could they catch the train before it left. 正解: They were moreworried about how far they had to walk to get to the train station and if they could catch the train before it left. 改错练习: 1. It’ s hard to decide when and where will we hold the sports meeting. 2. If you want to learn about the latest developments and discoveriesfrom around the world, you will read about them in jo urnals and researchreports published in English, no matter whether are the scientists who wrotethem from China or Norway. 2 主谓一致和冠词的用法 注意主谓一致和冠词的用法 错例1 Apart-time job offers you chance to demonstrate your ability and appl ywhat you have learned in school. 正解:

对外汉语教学的的40个语法点

1.汉语的基本语序 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 我学习汉语。 2.用“吗”、“呢”的疑问句 你去吗| 你去哪儿呢 3.用疑问代词的疑问句 他是谁|这是什么书|你去哪儿|你怎么去 4.正反疑问句 你是不是中国人—你是中国人不是 你有没有照相机—你有照相机没有 5.用“A还是B”的选择疑问句 你喝咖啡还是啤酒| 你去商店还是(去)书店 注意:“还是”和“或者”是有区别的: 星期天,我在家里看电视或者(×还是)听音乐。6.定语(用在名词前) (1)说明领属关系,应该用“的”: 这是我的书,那是他的笔。 (2)说明人或事物的性质,不用“的”: 他是汉语老师。| 这是中文书。 (3)说明亲属关系或单位,一般不用“的”: 他是我爸爸。| 那是我们学校。 7.状语(用在动词 / 形容词前) (1)副词作状语: 我常常去商店。| 她很漂亮。 (2)介词短语作状语:

我在中国学习。| 我从美国来。| 我跟中国老师学汉语。| 我给他写信。 | 你往前走。 | 我对他说了这件事。 (3)双音节形容词作状语,常用“地”: 他高兴地说:“今天是我的生日”。 (4)单音节形容词作状语,不用“地”: 你快走! (5)形容词前有程度副词,一般要用“地”: 他很认真地学习。 8.结果补语(用在动词后,表示动作的结果) 形式:动词 + 动词/ 形容词 (1)动词 + 动词(懂、见、完、在、到、给、成…): 我听懂了。| 我看见他了。| 作业做完了。|车停在门口。 (2)动词 + 形容词(对、错、好、清楚……): 你说对了。| 饭做好了。| 我听清楚了。 9.简单趋向补语 动词 + 上、下、进、出、回、过、起 / 来、去 动词后有宾语,趋向补语是“来 / 去”的情况: (1)宾语是处所词语的形式:动词 + 处所词语 + 来 / 去 明天他回北京来。| 他进图书馆去了。 (2)宾语是事物词语的两种形式: 表示完成:动词 + 来 / 去 + 事物词语 我借来一本书。| 他拿去了那支笔。 表示要求:动词 + 事物词语 + 来 / 去 你快倒茶来! 10.复合趋向补语

雅思写作常见语法错误主谓一致问题

雅思写作常见语法错误主谓一致问题 传说中的雅思学霸是你吗?带着高分去出国的烤鸭们有你的一席之地吗?这些其 实都是建立在你克服重重困难,攻克雅思最难点的时候才能够达到的,本文为大家讲 解雅思考试最难的部分—雅思写作之雅思写作常见语法错误主谓一致问题,希望大家 能够关注。 雅思写作常见语法错误8大点如下: 雅思写作常见语法错误语序问题 雅思写作常见语法错误主谓一致和冠词的用法 雅思写作常见语法错误固定搭配 雅思写作常见语法错误词性(主语,动名词) 雅思写作常见语法错误双谓语 雅思写作常见语法错误时态 雅思写作常见语法错误单复数,冠词 雅思写作常见语法错误标点问题 错例1:Apart-time job offers you chance to demonstrate your ability and applywhat you have learned in school. 正解:Apart-time job offers you a chance to demonstrate your ability and apply what you have learned in school.

错例2:Booksare of the various kinds and have different contents. 正解:Booksare of various kinds and have different contents. 改错练习: 1. The problemsthat are created by environmental contamination is very hard to resolve. 2. The governmentsof all countries on this planet is beginning to realize the severity of watershortage. 以上就是雅思写作常见语法错误主谓一致问题的汇总介绍,希望能够帮助大家尽量避免这些错误,后面我们会一一为大家分类介绍这八大语法易错点。更多出国考试信息请继续关注前程百利雅思考试频道,我们会为你带来最新的雅思考试资讯和信息。

学生常见的语言、语法错误

专题辅导与练习——学生常见的语言、语法错误 具体内容: 符号的左边表示错误句子或短语,而符号右边表示正确的(1)“a”vs. “an”冠词a 和an的错用 an unified team a unified team a ugly shirt an ugly shirt a same book the same book They ran restaurant. They ran a restaurant. Do you have book? Do you have a book? the nature nature the France France (2)open / closed spelling 单词的合与分 We lived there for awhile. We lived there for a while Everyone of these cups is empty. Every one of these cups is empty. I wish that some body would help me. I wish that somebody would help me. (3)“some”or“any”是some还是any He didn?t talk to somebody. He didn?t talk to anybody. Would you like anything to drink? Would you like something to drink.? (4)adverb placement 副词的位置错误 I walk hardly ever in the winter. I hardly ever walk in the winter. He will get now the flu. He will get the flu now. (5)adverbs or adjectives是形容词还是副词 He is extreme happy. He is extremely happy. I felt true sorry for you. I felt truly sorry for you. It cleans clothes good. It cleans clothes well. I felt badly about his problem. I felt bad about his problem. (6)agreement with“here”/“there”倒装句的谓语错误 Here comes the two men. Here come the two men. She thought there were enough time. She thought there was enough time. (7)comparative/ superlative比较级和最高级的错误 This is the most pretty doll of all. This is the prettiest doll of all. My cat is more fat than my dog. My cat is fatter than my dog. She is the fluentest in Russian. She is the most fluent in Russian. (8)continuous or simple tense进行时态与一般时态的错误

现代汉语---常见语法失误

常见句法失误 学习语法,不仅要从正面掌握句子结构的规律,知道句子应当怎样组织,还应该从反面知道句子应该怎样组织。因此,在学习语法的过程中,有意识地加强发现和纠正错误的训练是必须的。 要了解常见句法失误可以联系中学时代的修改病句。修改病句的难点是:“辨其症”,因为只有知道“病”在何处,才好对症下药,我们所找的“病”即我们现在所要讨论的常见句法失误。 想要找到句子中的“病”,首先要熟悉常见句法失误的种类,其次对于比较隐蔽的病症,我们必须仔细辨别、深入思考。 常见的语病有:搭配不当,残缺和多余,语序不当,和句式杂糅四大类。每一大类中有包含更细致的小类,细致的划分使我们能够更加容易找出常见的句法失误。 (一)搭配不当 搭配不当中包含: ●主语和谓语搭配不当。 ●动语和宾语搭配不当。 ●定语、状语、补语与中心语搭配不当。 ⒈主语和谓语搭配不当 一般情况下由于对词义配合的不理解或粗心大意而容易造成主语和谓语在词义上搭配不当。例如:①革命的意志越烧越旺。(“意志”不能“越烧越旺”,可以改为“革命的意志越来越坚强”。②他那崇高的革命品质,经常浮现在我的脑海中。(“浮现”的必须是具体的东西,而“品质”是抽象的东西,和

“浮现”不搭配,后半句可改为“我们永远也不会忘记”。) ⒉动语和宾语搭配不当 例如:①在社会主义现代化建设中,每一个有志的青年都要提高和充实自己的业务能力和思想修养。(这个句子属于“动动+宾宾”的情况,其中“充实……思想修养”就搭配不当,应该“充实”为“加强”。)②大家密切配合,越战越勇,连续打败敌人五次进攻。(“打败”和“进攻”不搭配,应把“打败”改为“打退”。) ⒊定语、状语、补语与中心语搭配不当 例如:①教育战线肩负培养大批的科技队伍的历史任务。(此句为定语和中心语搭配不当,其中“大批”与“队伍”不相应,可以吧“队伍”改为“人才”,或把“大批”改为“宏大”。)②他渐渐地爬起来,吃力地走着。(此句为状语和中心语搭配不当,其中“渐渐”不能修饰“爬”,可改为“慢慢”)③三号队员射门射得很正确,命中率高。(此句为补语和中心语搭配不当,其中“正确”应改为“准”。) (二)残缺和多余 残缺和多余包含: ●成分残缺 ?主语残缺 ?谓语残缺 ?宾语残缺 ?定语、状语、补语缺少或不完整 ●成分多余 ?主语有多余成分

常见雅思写作语法错误

海口朗阁名师解析常见雅思写作语法错误 朗阁海外考试研究中心杨晔 一、语序 从句不使用疑问句语序,而使用陈述句语序,即主语在前,谓语在后的顺序排列。 错例1:Can you tell me how many students are there in this class? 正解:Can you tell me how many students there are in this class? 错例2:They were more worried about how far did they have to walk to get to the train station and could they catch the train before it left. 正解:They were more worried about how far they had to walk to get to the train station and if they could catch the train before it left. 改错练习: 1. It’s hard to decide whe n and where will we hold the sports meeting. 2. If you want to learn about the latest developments and discoveries from around the world, you will read about them in journals and research reports published in English, no matter whether are the scientists who wrote them from China or Norway. 二、主谓一致和冠词的用法 错例1:A part-time job offers you chance to demonstrate your ability and apply what you have learned in school. 正解:A part-time job offers you a chance to demonstrate your ability and apply what you have learned in school.

常见的语法错误和修辞错误

常见的语法错误和修辞错误 1.语法方面的错误 (1)英语汉化 误:The main reasons for the change have five points. 正:There are five main reasons for the change. 误: After four years, they graduated from the university. 正:Four years later, they graduated from the university. 误:Smoking cigarettes will do harm to our body. 正:Smoking cigarettes will do harm to our health. 误:If a student only has knowledge of natural science, he will become a one-legged man when he comes out of university doors. 正:If a student only has knowledge of natural science, he won’t become a well-round man when he graduates from university. (2)时态搭配错误 误:Once a colony of Belgium known as the Belgian Congo, Zaire has gained its independence in 1960. 正:Once a colony of Belgium known as the Belgian Congo, Zaire gained its independence in 1960. 误:Jack’s mother had to call him half a dozen times until he came downstairs to his lunch. 正:Jack’s mother had to call him half a dozen times before he came downstairs to his lunch. 误:Her daughter, who is studying abroad, has come back for two week. 正:Her daughter, who is studying abroad, has come been back for two week. 误:There are so many countries using English that it had been regarded as an international language. 正:There are so many countries using English that it is now regarded as an international language. 误:In 1990, the consumption of grain has decreased by 20%. 正:In 1990, the consumption of grain decreased by 20%. (3)形容词结构错误 误:If all ingredients are mixed properly the soup should taste deliciously. 正:If all ingredients are mixed properly the soup should taste delicious. 误:Not doing your assignments consistently will make learning the material less easier for you. 正:Not doing your assignments consistently will make learning the material less easy for you. 误:Mr. Johnson felt hurriedly as he tried to make his way through the crowds to the ticket window only five minutes before the bus was to leave. 正:Mr. Johnson felt hurried as he tried to make his way through the crowds to the ticket window only five minutes before the bus was to leave. 误:He felt that since he had worked hardest than anyone else, he should get the most money.

常见地汉语语法错误

常见的汉语语法错误 一句法成分搭配不当 所谓句法成分搭配不当,是指句子中密切相关的句法成分,如主语和谓语、述语和宾语、定语和中心语、状语和中心语等,在组织句子时,由于没有注意照顾它们之间的配合,结果造成了搭配不当的毛病。 (一)主语和谓语搭配不当 主谓搭配不当是常见的毛病。请看下面的例子: (1)*修建高速公路是很必要的,但是应该看到,我们国家的经济基础还比较低,还不能一下子省与省之间都通高速公路。 (2)*生活告诉人们:急躁的人,事情一旦办不成,往往容易转化为灰心丧气。 例(1)“经济基础”不能与“低”搭配。如果要保留“经济基础”,可以将“低”改为“薄弱”;如果要保留“低”,可以将“经济基础”改为“经济发展水平”。例(2)“人……转化为……灰心丧气”显然不通。“转化为”三个字完全是多余的,应删去。

有些主语与谓语搭配不当的毛病比较隐晦,需要作些分析才能发现。例如: (3)*你刚18岁,正值青春茂盛之时。 (4)*这篇通讯的作者有很好的理论修养,所以立意很深。 例(3)“你……正值……之时”没有错,但“之时”前一加上“青春茂盛”这个定语就使主语“你”与谓语“正值青春茂盛之时”就不搭配了。人怎么能像植物那样“茂盛”呢?把“茂盛”删去,句子当然通了,但念着还是别扭。比较好的改法是,将“青春茂盛之时”改为“青春年华”。例(4)是个因果复句,单就每个分句看,似没有语法错误;但读者读到后一个分句“立意很深”,总觉着别扭。“立意很深”是陈述那个成分的呀?从句子结构上看,“立意很深”该是说明“作者”的,因为后一个分句是承前省略了主语,那省略的主语该是“通讯的作者”;但从意思上说,“立意很深”该是用来陈述“这篇通讯”,因为“立意很深”只能用来形容作品内容,不能用来说明人。所以这个句子的毛病也属于主谓搭配不当的语法错误。 下面的例子是主谓搭配不当的另一种情况:

雅思写作中代词的使用及常见错误

雅思写作中代词的使用及常见错误 来源:考试吧 作为英语中衔接的一种重要形式,代词的使用值得引起重视和加以深思。 先来看两个学生作文当中出现的句子: Medical care and education are cornerstones of the society, because it is needed by both youngsters and adults. Doctors are not able to control themselves'profitable activities. 请注意上面两句话中标记出来的代词,它们的使用均存在问题,具体是什么问题,我们将在下文中得以解答。 既然中国学生在英语的代词使用上是普遍存在错误的,在谈论错误分类之前,我们先来欣赏一下native speaker的文字中,代词使用的典范。 例文: It is rather hard work: there is now no smooth road into the future: but we go round, or scramble over the obstacles. We've got to live, no matter how many skies have fallen. This was more or less Constance Chatterley's position. The war had brought the roof down over her head. And she had realized that one must live and learn. ——D. H. Lawrence Lady Chatterley's Lover 翻译:这是一种颇为艰难的工作。现在没有一条通向未来的康庄大道,但是我们却迂回前进,或攀援障碍而过。不管天翻地覆,我们都得生活。 这大概就是康士丹斯·查太莱夫人的处境了。她曾亲尝世界大战的灾难,因此她了解了一个人必要生活,必要求知。 以上的一段文字来自于劳伦斯的《查特莱夫人的情人》,被标注的地方仅仅是这段文字当中几个代词使用的范例。当然,这是fiction,和我们雅思要求的议论文写作有很大的出入。那么在雅思的写作当中,我们也不难从考官范文当中,找到代词使用的模范。 Nowadays many adults have full-time jobs and the proportion of their lives spent doing such jobs is very high. So feeling about one's job must reflect how an individual feels about his or her life as a whole, and because of this, job satisfaction is indeed very important for the wellbeing of that person.

英语作文常见典型语法错误

英语作文常见典型语法错误 语言是评判作文的一个极其重要的因素。在实际的阅卷过程中,语法错误,尤其是较为严重的错误,是阅卷人员的主要照顾点,有时甚至是惟一的点;当然那样处理是有道理的,大家可以设想一下, 一篇语法上漏洞百出、严重影响表达的作文又会有什么样的好内容呢?如果因为语言上的错误而导 致失分,那将得不偿失。因此,认清各种各样的语法错误,尽可能地避免少犯,对于提高作文分是 有极大的帮助的。 现将我们在阅卷过程中所发现的大量语言错误逐一归类,抽出其中的典型错误,以警示大家, 供参考。 1.句子成分残缺不全 We always working till late at night before taking exams。(误) We are always working /We always work till late at night before taking exams(正) We should read books may be useful to us. (误) We should read books which may be useful to us. (正) 2.句子成分多余 This test is end, but there is another test is waiting for you. (误) One test ends, but another is waiting for you. (正) The driver of the red car was died on the spot. (误) The driver of the red car died on the spot. (正) 3.主谓不一致 Someone/Somebody think that reading should be selective. (误) Some think that reading should be selective. (正) My sister go to the cinema at least once a week. (误) My sister goes to the cinema at least once a week. (正) 4.动词时态、语态的误用 I was walking along the road, and there are not so many cars on the street. (误)

雅思写作常见语法错误

1. The government invests in movie industry can enhance intercultural communication. 2. The children grow up in rural areas do not have the opportunity to receive a high-quality education. 3. There are many people believe that advanced technology has not had positive influence on our lives. 4. Media always broadcast too much negative news makes the public experience panic. 5. Celebrities get high salaries is reasonable. 6. The method which is used to address traffic problems have been proved to be impractical nowadays. 8. The number of female people have risen sharply in recent years. 9. The view that many problems appear in the pursuit of economic development are right. 10. As known to all, tourism can create economic gains. 11 The punishment which imposed on thieves is too light. 12 We have to be admitted that students will lose interests if they required to do something. 13. The view that banning the advertisements containing violent scenes to avoid the negative impact on children is plausible. 14 Encountering the phenomenon that environmental pollution has become more serious.

雅思写作中常见的致命语法错误

雅思写作中常见的致命语法错误: 雅思写作想要获得高分,语法必须要扎实。济南环球教育邹冉冉老师总结了烤鸭们经常犯的致命语法错误。先来看几句话: 1.There are several reasons lead to this phenomenon. 2.We should improve our English level is important. 3.Raise the petrol price help to reduce the traffic congestion. 4.Find job is difficult for many college graduates. 5.Life is short, we should cherish every second of our life. 第一句话主要问题--双谓语 这个句子中出现了双谓语:are和lead。这种错误,我们可以通过提醒自己,在写there be句型时,be动词部分保持主谓一致,但其他的行为的描述我们去写非谓语或者从句。 也就是说,刚才错误的句子我们可以改成There are several reasons leading to the phenomenon. 或者There are several reasons which lead to the phenomenon.大家可以立刻尝试下,结合非谓语或者从句翻译下面的句子:“有一些公司允许员工在家工作。” 第二句话主要问题--句子做主语无引导词 这个句子的主语是is前面的内容,也就是we should improve our English level, 但是句子是不能直接做主语的,如果做主语,必须要加引导词,即从句的

写作常见20个语法错误(DOC)

写作常见20个语法错误 1. 冠词使用错误 不可数名词一般不加冠词,可数名词一般来说要么是复数,要么一定加冠词(a, an, the),但有些泛指的情况也可以不加冠词。 如:Man is mortal. 人固有一死。(这句话中man就是泛指人类) 定冠词the使用要小心,注意是泛指还是特指,特指才用the,如果前文出现过,再次出现也用the。 Pollution is the biggest problem of the cities. 此处cities是泛指城市,而不是特定的几个城市,所以应去掉cities前面的the。 2.名词可数与不可数的误用 注意名词的可数与不可数性,需要平时通过多写多练来积累。例如 In modern society, people are under various pressures. 这里的pressure是不可数名词,不能加复数,可以通过前面加kind的复数来表示多种压力。改正为:In modern society, people are under various kinds of pressure. 3.动词及物与不及物的误用 及物动词后面必须要跟宾语,不及物动词后面不能直接跟宾语,需要通过介词。 比如: (1)The high way happens a car accid ent. (2)A car accid ent is happened on the high way. Happen为不及物动词,以上两个句子都是不对的,第一句错在直接跟了宾语,第二句错在用了被动语态。 可以改正为:A car accid ent happens/happened on the high way. 需要强调的是,不及物动词不能使用被动语态。例如: The traffic accid ent was taken place at the junction of two highways. 这句话是错误的,因为take place是不及物动词词组,所以不能使用被动语态。 需要改为主动的时态,如下: The traffic accid ent took place at the junction of two highways. 4. 代词使用混乱(指代不清) 很多考生习惯性地使用代词来指代前文提到的人或者事物,但是往往会出现指代不清楚造成语义

最新现代汉语语法特点及其常见语法错误(期末考试).优选

现代汉语语法特点及其常见语法错误 本课题采用了“剥洋葱”的方法来分步简述何谓现代汉语、何谓现代汉语语法、何谓现代汉语语法特点及何谓现代汉语语法错误四个内容。 首先,至于何谓现代汉语这个问题,本课题从普通话与方言、书面语与口语、现代汉语与当代汉语、以及现代汉语与现代语言学这四组互相联系的概念出发,通过着四组概念的介绍来理解何谓现代汉语。关于现代汉语,最笼统的说法就是现代汉语指的是现代汉民族的语言。现代汉语的权威定义指的是现代汉民族共同语言,即为:以北京语音为标准音、以北方话为基础方言、以典范的现代白话文著作为语法规范的普通话。 那么,何谓现代汉语语法呢?北京大学中文系教授陆俭明在《现代汉语基础》这本书里写道,“语法是语言中组词造句的规则”,那么现代汉语语法就可以推演为汉语中组词造句的规则。此外,语法也叫“文法”,有三种含义:①语法规律即客观存在的语言结构规律; ②语法学即研究语言结构规律的学科;③语法教材即利用语法学为教学而编写的材料。 简单了解现代汉语语法,能够帮助我们更容易理解何谓现代汉语语法特点。本课题主要介绍了现代汉语的六种语法特点。第一,现代汉语语法缺少严格意义上的形态变化,如没有词性和单复数变化。例如在“干得漂亮!”与“你真漂亮!”这两句话中的“漂亮”一词形态完全一致,但前者为副词,后者则为形容词。第二,语序和虚词是表达语法意义的主要手段。现代汉语中语序固定,语义结构排列有序,从句子整体的角度说,是主语在前,谓语在中,宾语在后;从修饰和限制的角度说,定语在主语之前,状语在谓语之前,补语在谓语之后。第三,词、短语和句子的结构原则基本一致,只是一个扩句和缩句的过程。第四,现代汉语词类具有多功能性,与句法成分之间不存在简单的对应关系。与印欧语系中的英语不同的是,汉藏语系中的汉语词类与句法成分关系错综复杂,一种词类可充当多种句法成分且形态不变。 第五,现代汉语是重语用的语言,语法跟语境的关系密切。汉语通常话题先行,在语境的作用下,常出现省略、移位、看似不合逻辑等现象。第六,汉语是重韵律的语言,节律对句法结构有制约作用。汉语汉语韵律性强,通常平声字在前,仄声字在后。此外,韵律对词语搭配的可接受程度也有影响,如有些双音节词要求后面只能跟双音节词,这点在“等待”、“遭受”等双音节词中就显而易见。 现代汉语的常见的语法错误主要表现在以下五点:搭配不当、成分残缺、语序不当、句式杂糅、以及歧义。第一,搭配不当主要表现在主谓搭配不当、动宾搭配不当以及修饰语与中心语搭配不当三个方面,上文已经提到汉语的词、短语和句子的结构原则基本一致,词句都有固定搭配。第二,成分残缺主要表现在主语残缺、谓语残缺、宾语残缺以及必要虚词残缺,其中任何一个成分残缺都可能引起歧义。第三,语序不当主要表现在三个方面:定状错位、词语位置与介词要求不合以及前后互相呼应的词语位置不当。如:绚丽的朝阳,灿烂地放射出万道光芒。此句中的“灿烂地”这一词存在明显的定语错位,次句应该改为:绚丽的朝阳,放射出灿烂的万道光芒。第四,句式杂糅是现代汉语表述中很常见的语法问题,句式杂糅有其常见的杂糅样式,如“是因为……造成的”、“由于……的领导下”等杂糅样式。第五,歧义在现代汉语表达中往往很难被说话者察觉,因为说话人自己很清楚自己要表达的含义,常见歧义有代词指代不明、数量表达混乱等。此外,以上四类语法错误出现时,都可能引起歧义。 总之,语法是语言的结构规则,就好比建造房屋必须有砖瓦、水泥等材料,但是光有材料还不行,还需要按照一定的规则把这些材料组合起来,才能建成房屋,语言也如此。此外,广泛阅读,多用语言交流,可以提高语言敏感度,从而减少语法错误。简介 一个妇女怀念离家远行的丈夫.她咏叹别离的痛苦、相隔的遥远和见面的艰难,把自己的刻骨的相思和丈夫的一去不复返相对照,但还是自我宽解,只希望远行的人自己保重.全诗长于抒情,韵味深长,语言朴素自然又精炼生动,风格接近民歌. 欣赏提示 本篇可分作两部分:前六句为第一部分,后十句为第二部分. 第一部分,追叙初别,着重描写路远相见之难.开头两句“行行重行行,与君生别离”是全诗的纲,总领下文。第二部分,着重刻画思妇相思之苦.胡马、越鸟二句是说鸟兽还懂得依恋故乡,何况人呢?以鸟兽和人作比,是从好的方面揣度游子的心理.随着时间的飞驰,游子越走越远,思妇的相思之情也愈来愈深切.“衣带日已缓”形象地揭示了思妇的这种心情.她日益消瘦、衰老和“游子不顾反”形成对比.“浮云蔽白日,游子不顾反”,是从坏的方面怀疑游子薄幸,不过不愿直说,而是委婉地通过比喻表达心里的想法.最后两句是强作宽慰,实际上这种心情是很难“弃捐”勿“道”的,心绪不佳,“餐饭”也是很难“加”的.相思之苦本来是一种抽象的心理状态,可是作者通过胡马、越鸟、浮云、白日等恰切的比喻,带缓、人老等细致的描写,把悲苦的心情刻画得生动具体,淋漓尽致。 诗文大意:你走啊走啊老是不停的走,就这样活生生分开了你我. 从此你我之间相距千万里,我在天这头你就在天那头. 路途那样艰险又那样遥远,要见面可知道是什么时候? 北马南来仍然依恋着北风,南鸟北飞筑巢还在南枝头. 彼此分离的时间越长越久,衣服越发宽大人越发消瘦. 飘荡游云遮住了太阳,他乡的游子不想回还. 只因为想你使我都变老了,又是一年很快地到了年关. 还有许多心里话都不说了,只愿你多保重切莫受饥寒. “行行”:心境上的心理变化,空间上的越来越远,时间上的分离之久。“万余里”指物理时间、心理时间。 最新文件---------------- 仅供参考 --------------------已改成-----------word文本 --------------------- 方便更改 word.

相关文档
最新文档