英语句子成分分析报告说明书
句子成分(Members of a Sentence)
什么叫句子成分呢？句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）状语(adverbial) 和补语（complement）。
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本句型列式如下：
一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）
二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）
三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）
四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）
主语：可以作主语的成分有名词，主格代词（如you），动词不定式，动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！
谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come.
此句型的句子有一个共同点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
Ｓ│Ｖ（不及物动词）
1. The sun │was shining.
2. The moon │rose.
3. The universe │remains.
4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink.
5. Who │cares?
6. What he said │does not matter.
7. They │talked for half an hour.
8. The pen │writes smoothly
基本句型二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。
系动词分两类：
be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；be本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动词多可用作联系动词：look well/面色好；sound nice/听起来不错；feel good/感觉好；smell bad/难闻；
get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。
Ｓ│Ｖ（是系动词）│Ｐ
1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary.
2. The dinner │smells │good.
3. He │fell │in love.
4. Everything │looks │different.
5.He│is growing │tall and strong.
6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money.
7. Our well │has gone │dry.
8. His face │turned │red.
There be 结构：
There be 表示“存在有”。
这里的there没有实际意义，不可与副词“there那里”混淆。
There be+名词，表示“（存在）有某事物”
试比较：There is a boy there.（那儿有一个男孩。）
前一个there无实意，后一个there为副词“那里”。
基本句型三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。
这类动词叫做及物动词。
宾语位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是“代词宾格”，如：me，him，them等。
Ｓ│Ｖ（及物动词）│Ｏ
1. Who │knows │the answer?
2. She │smiled │her thanks.
3. He │has refused │to help them.
4. He │enjoys │reading.
5. They │ate │what was left over.
6. He │said │"Good morning."
7. I │want │to have a cup of tea.
8. He │admits │that he was mistaken.
基本句型四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，如：give给，pass递，bring带，show显示。
这两个宾语通常人为间接宾语；物为直接宾语。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前。
一般的顺序为：动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语。
如：Give me a cup of tea,please.
强调间接宾语顺序为：动词 + 直接宾语 +介词+ 间接宾语。
如： Show this house to Mr.Smith.
若直接宾语为人称代词：动词+ 代词直接宾语 +介词+ 间接宾语。
如：Bring it to me,please.
Ｓ│Ｖ及物│ｏ多指人）│Ｏ（多指物）
1. She │ordered │herself │a new dress.
2. He │brought │you │a dictionary.
3.She │cooked │her husband │a delicious meal.
4. He │denies │her │nothing.
5. I │showed │him │my pictures.
6. I │gave │my car │a wash.
7. I │told │him │that the bus was late. 8. He │showed │me │how to run the machine.
基本句型五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。
宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。
宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系，它们一起构成复合宾语。
名词/代词宾格 + 名词The war made him a soldier.
名词/代词宾格 + 形容词New methods make the job easy.
名词/代词宾格 + 介词短语I often find him at work.
名词/代词宾格 + 动词不定式The teacher ask the students to close the windows.
名词/代词宾格 + 分词 I saw a cat running across the road.
Ｓ│Ｖ（及物）│Ｏ（宾语）│Ｃ（宾补）
1. They │appointed │him │manager.
2. They │painted │the door │green.
3. This │set │them │thinking.
4. They │found │the house │deserted.
5. What │makes │him │think so?
6. We │saw │him │out.
7. He │asked │me │to come back soon.
8. I │saw │them │getting on the bus.
但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短，这些句子除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语（modifier）而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），也可以是各种类型的短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）。我们称之为：定语、状语
英语句子(sentence)=主语+谓语（核心：主动词）
英语句子成分歌
英语句子八呀八大块，主谓宾表真呀真实在；
补语跟着宾语表语跑，定语同位（语）专把名词踹。
状语的位置它自由自在，忽右忽左随心所欲摆。
浑身的毛病真呀真不少，前后乱窜它还会加塞。（RAP）
一、主语
句子一般要有主语。
在简单句中，主语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式(短语) 来充当。动名词、动词不定式作主语时通常用 it 作形式主语。
■名词作主语
English is very important.
The students all love their English teacher.
■代词作主语
They go to school by bus. Most of the students come from the countryside.
■动名词作主语
Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.
It?s no use regretting it.
■动词不定式(短语)作主语
To see is to believe.
It is very hard to get to sleep.
二、谓语
谓语必须由动词充当，但动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词不能作谓语。
可作谓语的动词一般为行为动词(表动作)和连系动词(表状态)。
行为动词根据其后是否可直接接宾语，又可分为及物动词和不及物动词。
■及物动词作谓语
We should help each other. They respect one another.
All of the students like the novel.
Did you see many people there?
■不及物动词作谓语
He left here yesterday.
The teacher came in, book in hand. You?re driving too fast. He went abroad in the September of 1988.
■连系动词表状态
He is an excellent teacher.
Her son is a friend of ours.
三、表语
表语与连系动词连用，构成系表结构，说明主语的身份或特征。
一般由形容词、名词、动名词、动词不定式、分词等充当。
如The ones who really want it are ourselves.
They are brother and sister.
What I want to say is this.
Her father is sixty-five.
John is captain of the team.
The poor boy was myself.
All you need do is to take a taxi from the airport.
My favourite sport is swimming.
常用作连系动词：
①变成,变得：become, come, fall, get, go, grow, run, turn
口诀：好是come，坏是go；天气、外貌慢慢grow；流水、金钱缓缓run；颜色、天气大不同turn；get\ become口语化，如果要说就用它.
come一般表示事物由坏变好，结果是好的。
如：Dreams come true.
go一般表示事物由好变坏。
It's such a hot day today that this dish has gone smelly.
grow 表示逐渐变化，强调的是缓慢变化的过程，后面往往接表示天气或外貌变化的静态形容词。
如：I want to grow old with you.
run与grow对应其主语多为能流动能消耗的东西
Still water runs deep.静水深流。
turn多接表示颜色和天气的形容词，侧重于表达与之前大不相同。
The weather suddenly turned hot.
In spring the trees turn green, the flowers come out.
get\become在口语表达时用得比较多，但这二者相比，become相对正式些，其主语既可以是人也可以是物。
如：He got angry on hearing the news.听到这个消息，他变得很生气。
总之，不管英语多么“变”化多端，万“变”不离其宗。
系词be它有三，am is are，
①I（我）用am，you（你）用are，is 用于他她它；单数is，复数are，认真做题不出
差。（否句be后not加，疑问句，be句首，句尾？不要丢。）
②保持某种状态：continue, keep, lie, remain, stand, stay.
③看起来，好像：appear, look, seem.
④感官动词：feel, smell, sound, taste.
四、宾语
宾语是行为动作的对象，一般可分为动词宾语和介词宾语，充当宾语的可以是名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式或整个句子。
如： I like Chinese food.
I bought a ticket for Milan.
I enjoyed talking to you.
Have you finished dressing?
He certainly did not want to join them.
They decided to close the border.
We hoped that all would come well.
We expected that you would stay for a few days.
“七给”一“带”to不少,“买”画“制作”for来了。
带双宾语的及物动词,如果把直接宾语置于间接宾语之前,必须在变换时加“to”或“for”。这11个及物动词可以概括为下边两句话,读起来妙趣横生,效果很好
1、“七给”(give, pass, lend, write, show, send, hand)和“带”(bring)→8个及物动词。在直接宾语前置时,必须在后面加上“to”。
即“vt. + sth. + to + sb.”
如:He lent some money to me.
类似动词的还有get，mail，offer，owe(借），pay，promise，read，sell，take，each 2、“buy”(买);“draw”(画);“make”(制作)三个动词,在直接宾语前置时,则必须在后边加“for”,构成“vt. + sth. + for + sb.”
Mother bought a new dress for me。
类似的动词还有：build，choose，cook，cut，do，find，fix，leave，order(订购）,reach
等。
3、当直接宾语是代词时，间接宾语for和to于直接宾语之后
Richard made it for him。
Give it to me。
4、有些动词后可单独用直接宾语、间接宾语或双宾语
如ask,teach,tell,owe, pay.
I asked John. I asked a question.
I asked John a question.
5、suggest，explain，introduce，mention，deliver，announce等动词后必须跟介词to，不能进行直接宾语与间接宾语的转换。
Could you explain your point of view to us? =Could you explain to us your point of view?
6、易错的动词：
抢劫/偷某人某物：Rob/steal sb. sth (错误）
正确的说法：rob sb of sth steal sb from sth.
类似的cure sb of illness治愈某人疾病
rid sb of sth从----中除去（不好的东西）
supply sb with sth供给某人某物
provide sb with sth 给某人提供某物
accuse sb of sth 控告某人某事
cheat sb of sth 骗取某人某物
inform / advise sb of sth通知某人某事
remind sb of sth是某人想起某事
warn sb of sth 警告某人某情况
charge sb with sth 指责某人某事
五、定语
定语：是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用“……的”表示。定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。
若修饰some，any，every，no构成的复合不定代词时，（如：something、nothing）；或不定式、分词短语作定语、从句作定语时，则定语通常置后。副词用作定语时须放在名词之后。His father is a doctor.
Mr. Green has two sons.
The girl under the tree is Kate.
The man downstairs couldn?t sleep well.
I bought a new dictionary.
Can you find out the answer to the question？
Would you like something to drink?
A barking dog seldom bites. 吠狗很少咬人。
A man going to die is always kind-hearted. 人之将死，其言也善。
The suggestion sent to the committee was adopted.
Do you know the man who is standing next to Mr. Green?
1、形容词作定语：
Tom is a handsome boy.
There is a good boy.
The little boy needs a blue pen.(little修饰名词boy；blue修饰名词pen.）/
2、数词作定语相当于形容词：
There are two boys in the room.
Two boys need two pens.
The two boys are students.
3、代词或名词所有格作定语：
His boy needs Tom\'s pen
His name is Tom.
There are two boys of Toms there.
4、介词短语作定语：
There are two boys of 9,and three of 10.
The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours.
The boy in blue is Tom.
5、名词作定语：
The boy needs a ball pen.
It is a ball pen.
There is only one ball pen.
6、副词作定语：
The boy there needs a pen.
The best boy here is Tom.
7、不定式作定语：
The boy to write this letter needs a pen.
The boy to write this letter is Tom.
There is nothing to do today.
8、分词（短语）作定语：
The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother.
The pen bought by her is made in China.
There are five boys left.
9、定语从句：
The boy you will know is Tom.
There are five boys who will play the game.
The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday.
六、状语：
状语在句子中的位置很灵活，常见情况为：通常在句子基本结构之后，强调时放在句首；修饰形容词或副词时，通常位于被修饰的词之前；表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头，强调时放在句首，地点状语一般须在时间状语之前；一些表示不确定时间（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，动词之前。
有时状语在句中的某个位置会引起歧义应注意，
如The boy calls the girl in the classroom.
一般理解成“男孩喊教室里的女孩”
（此时in the classroom为girl的定语），
也可以理解为“男孩在教室里喊女孩”
（此时in the classroom为地点状语），
最好写作“In the classroom,the boy calls the girl. ”
副词（短语）作状语：The boy needs a pen very much.（程度状语）
The boy really needs a pen.（程度状语）
The boy needs a pen now./Now,the boy needs a pen./The boy,now,needs a pen.（时状）介词短语作状语：In the classroom,the boy needs a pen.（地点状语）
Before his mother,Tom is always a boy.(条状)
分词（短语）作状语：He sits there,asking for a pen（表示伴随状态）
Having to finish his homework,the boy needs a pen.（原因状语）
Frightened,he sits there soundlessly.（原因状语）
不定式作状语：The boy needs a pen to do his homework.（目的状语）
To make his dream come true,Tom becomes very interested in business.
名词作状语：Come this way! 走这条路！（方向状语）
英语中的状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词，主要由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词充当，或由连词引导状语从句，表示时间、地点、程度、目的、方式，比较、让步、条件、原因、结果、伴随等。
(1) 时间状语
I often get up at 5:30 in the morning.
Hearing the news, they felt very excited.
Go along this street until you reach the end.
(2) 地点状语
Pandas only live in China. You should put the book where it was.
(3) 程度状语
I have quite a lot of work to do.
(4)目的状语
We?ll go to the beach for a picnic this Sunday.
He took some change from his pocket to buy a newspaper.
She got up early so that she could catch the first bus.
(5)方式状语
We usually go to school on foot. Please do it as I told you.
(6)让步状语
Though she has a lot of money, she is unhappy.
No matter what happens, I will never lose heart.
(7)条件状语
If you don?t work hard, you?ll fall behind the others.
Given more attention, the flowers would have grown better.
(8)比较状语
Your watch is not the same as mine.
Mike is not as (so) tall as Jack.
(9)原因状语
We didn?t go to the park because of the bad weather.
I?m glad to meet you.
Being ill, he didn?t go to school.
(10)结果状语
He left early, so that he caught the train.
The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward.
(11)伴随状语
The doctor hurried off, with a medicine box under his arm.
The teacher came into the classroom, followed by a group of his students.
七、宾语补足语
宾语补足语主要用来补充说明宾语，与宾语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系，可由名词、形容词、动词不定式、分词等充当。
如： Tom found the climb quite easy.
Don?t be so formal. Call me Jim.
I?m finished. Let?s go now.
You must keep it clean.
I have the car waiting.
We had the machine repaired.
Why don?t you have your hair cut?
He had his finger cut.
I had my watch stolen yesterday.
I have a lot of work to do.
She has plenty of clothes to wear.
He made me repeat the story.
Rain makes plants grow.
注意：
后跟名词作宾语补足语的动词有call，name，think，make，choose等，
后跟形容词作宾语补足语的谓语动词有keep，find，get， think， make等。
动词不定式作宾语补足语时，当谓语动词为感官动词(如feel，see，hear，notice，watch，observe，listen to，look at等)，使役动词(如let，have，make等)，动词不定式不带to。
八、同位语：
同位语是在名词或代词之后并列名词或代词对前者加以说明的成分，近乎于后置定语。如：We students should study hard. / (students是we的同位语，都是指同一批“学生”）
We all are students. / (all是we的同位语，都指同样的“我们”）
九、独立成分：
有时句子中会有一些与句子没有语法联系的成分，称为句子独立成分
(注意：区别于分词独立结构)。
感叹词：oh，hello，aha，ah,等
肯定词：yes
否定词：no
称呼语：称呼人的用语。
插入语：一些句中插入的 I think，I believe等。
如: The story,I think,has never come to the end.
情态词：表示说话人的语气（多作为修饰全句的状语）:
perhaps也许，maybe大概，actually实际上，certainly当然等。
十、分词独立结构：
分词作状语时其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致!否则应有自己的逻辑主语，构成分词独立结构。
例：错句：Studying hard,your score will go up.
正确：(1) Studying hard,you can make your score go up.
或 (2) If you study hard,your score will go up.
解析：错句中分词studying没有自带逻辑主语，则其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，既your score . 显然做study的应是人，不应是your score（分数）.
正确句(1)更正了句子的主语,使其与分词逻辑主语一致( 同为you );
正确句(2)则使用条件分句带出study的主语，(不过已经不是分词结构了)。
分词独立结构常省略being，having been.不过“There being... ”的场合不能省略. 如： Game (being) over,he went home.
He stands there,book (being) in hand.
独立结构还可用with、without引导，作状语或定语。
这种结构不但可以用分词，还可以用不定式、形容词、介词短语、副词或名词等。
如： With nothing to do,he fell asleep soon.
The teacher came in,with glasses on his nose.
句子成分练习题( 一 )
(一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词（4分， 4分钟）
① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.
② There is an old man coming here.
③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.
④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
(二) 选出句中谓语的中心词（10分， 10分钟）
① I don't like the picture on the wall.
A. don't
B. like
C. Picture
D. wall
② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.
A. get
B. longer
C. days
D. summer
③ Do you usually go to school by bus?
A. Do
B. usually
C.go
D. bus
④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
A. will be
B. meeting
C. the library
D. afternoon
⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?
A.Did
B. twins
C. have
D. breakfast
⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.
A. Tom
B. didn't
C. do
D. his homework
⑦ What I want to tell you is this.
A. want
B. to tell
C. you
D. is
⑧ We had better send for a doctor.
A. We
B. had
C. send
D. doctor
⑨ He is interested in music.
A. is
B. interested
C. in
D. music
⑩ Whom did you give my book to?
A. give
B.did
C. whom
D. book
(三) 挑出下列句中的宾语（10分，10分钟）
① My brother hasn't done his homework.
② People all over the world speak English.
③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.
④ How many new words did you learn last class?
⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?
⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.
⑦ They made him monitor of the class.
⑧ Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.
⑨ You will find it useful after you leave school.
⑩ They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.
(四) 挑出下列句中的表语（5分， 5分钟）
① The old man was feeling very tired.
② Why is he worried about Jim?
③ The leaves have turned yellow.
④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.
⑤ She was the first to learn about it.
(五) 挑出下列句中的定语（6分，6分钟）
① They use Mr, Mrs with the family name.
② What is your given name?
③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.
④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.
⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.
⑥ I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!
(六) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语（6分， 6分钟）
① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.
② He asked her to take the boy out of school.
③They call me Lily sometimes.
④ She found it difficult to do the work.
⑤ I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.
⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?
(七) 挑出下列句中的状语（8分， 8分钟）
① There was a big smile on her face.
② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.
③ He began to learn English when he was eleven.
④ The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.
⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.
⑥ She loves the library because she loves books.
⑦ I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.
⑧ The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.
(八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语（5分， 5分钟）
① Please tell us a story.
② My father bought a new bike for me last week.
③ Mr Li is going to teach us history next term.
④ Here is a pen.Give it to Tom.
⑤ Did he leave any message for me?
答案
(一)① teacher ；② man ；③ dictionary；④ To do
(二)① B② A ③ C ④ A ⑤ C ⑥ C ⑦ D ⑧ C⑨ A⑩ A
(三)①homework. ②English. ③attention ④words ⑤to go swimming ⑥ he was ill.
⑦ him monitor⑧bridge museum⑨ it school. ⑩ who"Father Christmas"really is.
(四)①tired.②worried ③yellow.④interested ⑤the first
(五)① family②given③third ④ some ⑤downstairs⑥ of the other shoe!
(六)①to read newspapers and books ②to take the boy ③ difficult
④ Lily ⑤ get on the bus ⑥ playing football
(七)① on her face. ②Every night ③ when he was eleven. ④ too fast.
⑤ With the medicine box under her arm ⑥ because she loves books.
⑦ if you?ve lost it ⑧ to see the other machine.
(八)① us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语② me, 间接宾语 a new bike, 直接宾语
③ us, 间接宾语 history, 直接宾语④ Tom, 间接宾语 it, 直接宾语
⑤ me, 间接宾语 message, 直接宾语
初中英语句子成分详解
英语句子成分 The students of Class Two are seriously reading the book written by Lu Xun. 按句子成分划分，此句为： The students of Class Two are seriously reading the book written by Lu Xun. (主语) (定语) (谓语)(状语) (谓语) (宾语) (定语) 按意群划分，此句为： The students of Class Two are seriously reading the book written by Lu Xun. 一、英语各种成分的基本含义及用法 （一）、主语 主语是全句谈论的中心话题。我们在说一句话的时候，首先要明确我们讲的是“哪个人”？或者是一件“什么事”？或者是一件“什么物体”，等。这些代表“哪个人”、“什么事”、“什么物体”等的部分就是句子的主语。 主语是指句子的某个部分，它可能是一个词，也可能是一个词组，还有可能是一个从句，甚至一句话中会有几个并列的主语等等。所以，英语中很多词类(或词组、从句)都可以做主语。另外，英语中还有一种特殊的主语形式叫“形式主语”，例如：It .... that ...句式等。 1. Peter is a well-known pianist. （名词作主语） 2. Two-thirds of the students are boys in our school. ( 数词词组作主语) 3. He likes reading storybooks. (代词作主语) 4. To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure. （不定式短语作主语） 5. What we shall do next is not yet decided. （从句作主语） 6. It took us two hours to travel around the city by subway. (It 是形式主语, to travel...部分是真正的主语) 请指出下列句中主语的中心词。 1. The teacher with two of her students is walking into the classroom. 2. There is a bird flying in the sky. 3. The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. 4. It is very difficult to do today's homework without your help. （二）、谓语
(完整版)英语句子成分分析(最完整版)
英语句子成分只是英语语法中的一小部分,而且平时的考试也不会考,试卷上不会考你什么是宾语，什么是状语，这个单词是作什么成分，但是它是学英语的基础或者说是你学习其他语法的工具(比如学定语从句、非谓语动词等等)。学会它最直接的作用是对阅读和写英语句子有帮助,有很多人单词都知道,但是，读句子的时候，就是不知道哪些单词和哪些单词是组合在一起的；写句子的时候，就是不知道该把把哪个单词放在前，哪个单词放在后。句子成分就是帮你来分析单词和单词的关系,让你能比较容易地看懂句子和写出符合英语表达的英语句子。 第一章英语句子结构的简单认识 那么,什么是句子结构呢？说白了，就是在一个句子内部，一个个单词是怎么组织在一起的，为什么有的单词放在句子前面，有的单词放在句子的后面；在一个复杂的句子中各个句子是怎么组合起来的。曾见过这样的句子：I very like English (我非常喜欢英语) I at home had supper(我在家吃的晚饭 )，上面的两个句子是常见典型错句，你能看出来他们错在哪里吗？ 那么，对于英语句子结构来说，我们要掌握什么呢？首先你头脑中要有词类的概念（每一个单词都是什么词性），然后学会简单句五种基本句型及句子成分的分析，再然后就是并列句和复合句的分析。 第二章词类概念建立以及词类分析能力的培养 第一节词类分析能力的自我培养之秘笈 一个词的词性不止一个，通常有两个或两个以上（如work 可以作名词或动词,但这个词一旦放在句中,它的词性就确定了,(如: His work is good ,本句中的work 肯定是名词.) 基于以上原因,词类概念的建立以及词类分析能力的建立，说白了就是指：看到一个词，立刻就能反应出这个词属于哪个词类；看到句子中的单词，立刻就能确定出这个词的词性，这是一项能力,你不可能通过死记硬背学会的. 为什么需要你知道一个个单词属于哪个词类,知道这些有什么用呢? 要知道,理解掌握词类是理解句子结构及成分的基础,大脑中没有词类的概念,一切都无从谈起,,想想看,它是何等的重要. 怎么才能建立词类概念以及具备词类分析能力呢? 三“活”就是通过分析的方法,不是通过死记来确定一个单词的词性,大体上有以下三种途径: 其一,从词类概念的本身出发去分析单词的词性(见第二节) 举个简单的例子,cake 这个词,中文意思：蛋糕，是一种食品的名称,，ok 了,不用再去背 cake 名词 cake 名词。这一方法的运用需要你把对单词中文意思的了解和对十大词类概念的理解两者结合起来才能运用自如.,只需在大脑中一闪词义，就知道其词性了,如果你连单词词义都不知,那偶就没办法了. 其二, 从单词的构词法入手来判断词性,构词法即构成单词的方法,其中一种是派生法,是通过加前后缀来构成单词的,英语中相当一部分单词是通过这种方法构成的,,一般来说,前缀是表明单词的词义,后缀表明单词的词性(词类),因此,从后缀我们大致可以判断出单词的词性.例如一般来讲加ly的形容词都是副词:quickly badly really completely 等等,. 其三,从句子成分来分析.实际上.学习词类和确定词类是为了分析句子成分,反过来,当我们学会句子分析后,我们还可以确定单词的词性(对一词多种词性的单词非常有用),,就是说可
英语简单句句子成分分析
英语句子成分分析（简单句） 教学目标 第一，让孩子们认识到学习英语句子成分的必要性和重要性。 第二，让孩子们能够掌握常见的句子结构，能够学会分析简单句子的成分。 教学方式 多媒体教学。每个知识点可与学生互动，由助教辅助演示课程讲解中的例句、知识点，搜集学生问题，并做出解答。 教学内容 句子成分分析中的词性不做此次的讲述重点，而将重点关注到除词性外的句子结构成分分析上，主要包括： 1、句子基本结构：主谓（宾，宾/宾,宾/宾补）结构和主系表结构； 2、句子成分：表语，定语，状语，宾语补足语，同位语等。 讲稿： 简单句的基本概念 只有一个主谓结构的独立句子叫简单句。在简单句中, 主语和谓语可以由一个词或短语充当，也可以由两个或两个以上的词或短语充当，组成并列的主语或并列的谓语。例如：Mary and Jane woke up and got dressed. 除了主语和谓语外，简单句中还可以有宾语、定语、状语、补语等。 简单句的五种基本句型 主语+ 系动词+ 表语(谓语为系动词+ 表语) They are birds of a feather . 主语+ 动词(不及物动词作谓语) The bus came. rise, fall, arise, exist… 主语+ 动词(及物动词作谓语)+ 宾语The early bird catches the worm . 主语+ 动词(谓语) + 宾语+ 补语I heard the birds singing merrily . 主语+ 动词(谓语) + 间宾+ 直宾She bought Mary a bird . 有些动词可以作及物动词,后面带宾语,也可以作不及物动词, 后面不带宾语,意思上没有什么变化。这类动词常用的有:drink, help, change, clean, cook, draw, lend, save, ride, point, steal, marry, shave, drive, smoke, lecture, sing, wash, write, type, study, learn, iron, spend, eat 等。 例如: The weather changed . We changed our plan. 有些动词既可以是及物动词,也可以是不及物动词,使用的场合不同, 意思有所变化,如: sit,stand, fly, work, mind, air, dress, escape, miss, hang, meet, play, pass, move, press, run, shoot, turn, touch, tend, follow, exercise, hold, count, head, show, win, reflect, propose, cheat, beat, blow hurt, fit, manage, spread, stretch, strike 等。例如: The trees moved in the wind . 树在风中摇曳。The tale moved her to tears .这故事使她感动得落泪。 简单句的句子成分 句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。 一．主语（subject） 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，是一个句子陈述的对象，或是动作的执行者。它回答的
英语句子成分分析必备(超实用)
句子成分分析 一、主语 主语是放在句子中说明全句中心主题的部分。一般由名词、代词、不定式、动名词或从句充当。【一般放在句首】 1、English is very important.（英语是很重要的） 2、A tree has fallen across the road.（一棵树倒下横在马路上） 3、Little streams feed big rivers (小河流入大江 ) 1、You’re not far wrong.（你差不多对了） 2、He told a joke but it fell flat. (他说了个笑话，但没有引人发笑) 3、They go to school by bus.（他们乘公共汽车去上学） 4、Most of the students come from the countryside.（大多数的学生来自农村） 1、Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. (看太多的电视对你的眼睛有害的) 2、It’s no use regretting it.（后悔是没有用的） 3、Smoking is bad for you. (吸烟对你有害)
4、To see is to believe.（眼见为实/百闻不如一见） 5、It is very hard to get to sleep.（入睡很难。） 6、To find your way can be a problem.（你能否找到路可能是一个问题。） 7、It would be nice to see him again. （如能见到他，那将是一件愉快的事。） 1、Three is enough. (三个就够了) 2、Four from seven leaves three.（7减4还剩3） 1、Whenever you are ready will be fine. （你无论什么时候准备好都行。） 2、Because Sally wants to leaves doesn’t mean that we have to.（不能说萨利要走因而我们也得走。） 1、“How do you do ?”is a greeting.(“你好”是一句问候语。) 二、谓语 谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。常用动词或动词短语承担。
高中英语句子成分分析讲解即时练习巩固
第1讲句子成分 英语的句子成分主要有六种：即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。（可以熟记为：主谓宾，定状补） 除了这六种主要成分之外，还有“表语”和“同位语”的说法。但表语和系动词一起作谓语，因此划分成分时，划分在谓语上。同位语分为主语同位语和宾语同位语，属于主语或宾语的一部分。 考点1.划分句子成分时的常用符号 英语中划句子成分的符号 主语在下面划一直线 谓语在下面划曲线 宾语在下面划双横线 定语在下面划虚线（一行点使我们想到一 排钉子，“钉”谐音为“定语” 的“定”） 状语下面为短横线（短横线使我们想到短 木桩，木桩撞（状）钟） 补语上一短横，下一短横（下一短横好像是 为了弥补上面短横间的空隙） 同位语上下双曲线，（虽都有曲折，上下位置 基本相同 考点2.主语 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首，通常由名词性的词来充当。 可以作主语的词性或语法结构： 1.名词 2.代词 3.数词 4.名词化的形容词（如the rich） 5.不定式 6.动名词 7.主语从句等表示。 练习1.在下面句子的主语下面划横线，并说出由什么充当 1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 2.We often speak English in class. 3.One-third of the students in this class are girls. 4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 5.Smoking does harm to the health. 6.The rich should help the poor. 7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 8.It is necessary to master a foreign language. 9.That he isn’t at home is not true 练习2.改正下列句中的错误，并说明原因 1.He failed the exam is the reason why he dropped out. 2.That why he was late for school was that his mother was ill. 3.Beyond the mountains lie a small village. 4.Gone is the days when I had to go to school on foot. 5.Play basketball is my favorite sport. 6.Give up English is not an option. 考点3.谓语 谓语由动词充当，说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语的构成如下： 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如： He practices running every morning. He reads newspapers every day. 2、复合谓语： （1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词构成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caugh t a bad cold. My sister is crying over there. I have been waiting for you all the time. I would stay at home all day. （2）由系动词加表语构成。系动词不能单独作谓语，要和表语一起作谓语。如： We are students. Your idea sounds great. 考点4.表语 表语多是形容词，用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。 练习3.划出下列句中的表语，并说明有什么充当。 1.Our teacher of English is an American. 2.Is it yours? 3.The weather has turned cold.
英语句子成分分析大全
英语句子成分分析大全 一个句子至少由两部分构成，即主语和谓语，它们是句子的主要成分。 句子的次要成分包括宾语（包括双宾语中的直接宾语和间接宾语）， 表语，定语（包括前置定语及后置定语），状 语，同位语（包括限制性同位语及非限制性同位语）， 补语及呼语。 一.主语：是一句话的中心，整句话都谈它的情况。 如：They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。) Time flies. （时光飞逝。） 这两句话中分别由代词They ，名词Time 作主语。 二.谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或者状态。 谓语必须由动词或动词短语充当，因此动词不定式、动名词、不能作谓语。 且谓语动词可以体现时态，单复数的语法现象。 如：They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。) He enjoys singing songs. （他喜欢唱歌。） 这两句话分别由动词were （are 的过去式），enjoys singing （enjoy doing动词短语）作谓语。其中were 体现出句子的时态为过去时态，且主语的人称为第一人称，enjoys singing 体现出句子的时态为一般现在时，且主语的人称为第三人称。 三.宾语：表示动作的承受者。宾语放在及物动词或者介词之后。 如： I play with him. (我和他玩。) I like Chinese food.（我喜欢中国菜。） 这两句话中分别由人称代词 him ，名词food 作宾语。 直接宾语与间接宾语： 有的动词能够接双宾语，直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物,间接宾语是指受益于动词所表示行为的人。 如：He gave me a book.（他给了我一本书） He gave a book to me 这句话中 a book 为直接宾语， me 为间接宾语。 又如：My mother bought a schoolbag to me.(我妈妈买了一个书包给我。) 这句话中schoolbag 为直接宾语， me 为间接宾语。 四.表语：用来说明主语的性质或状态。接在系动词之后，其中接在系动词be 后是最常见的情况。 系动词：看起来闻起来听起来感觉起来总是保持三变。 look smell sound feel be keep get seem turn become 如They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。) He is kind.. (他心地善良。) 这两句话分别由名词teachers，形容词 kind 作表语。 五.定语：是用来说明或限制名词的成分，可分为前置定语和后置定语，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。形容词放在名词之前，构成前置定语；相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面，构成后置定语。
(完整版)英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解
一、英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解： （一）句子成分 1.主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。 主语可以由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、分词、主语从句和短语等来担任。 The sun rises in the east.（名词） He likes dancing. （代词） Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. （动名词） To see is to believe. （不定式） What he needs is a book. （主语从句） It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语） 找出下列句中的主语： Jane is good at playing the piano.（名词） She went out in a hurry.（代词） Four plus four is eight.（数词） To see is to believe.（不定式） Smoking is bad for health.（动名词） The young should respect the old.（名词化的形容词）What he has said is true. （句子） 2.谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 I saw the flag on the top of the hill? He looked after two orphans. 复合谓语：由情态动词或助动词+动词; He can speak English well. She doesn’t seem to like dancing. 找出下列句中的谓语（注：只有动词才可作谓语。）： 1. We love China. 2. We have finished reading this book. 3. He can speak English. 4. She seems tired. 3.表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
英语句子成分分析80360
英语句子成分讲座· 1.主语 句子一般要有主语。在简单句中，主语一般由名词、代词、或动词(短语) 来充当。、动词作主语时通常用it 作形式主语。 ■名词作主语 English is very important. 英语是很重要的。 The students all love their English teacher. 这些学生都爱他们的英语老师。 ■代词作主语 They go to school by bus. 他们乘公共汽车上学。 ■作主语 Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 看电视太多对你的眼睛是有害的。 It’s no use regretting it. 后悔是无用的。 ■动词(短语)作主语 To see is to believe. 眼见为实。 It is very hard to get to sleep. 入睡很难。 2.谓语 谓语必须由动词充当，但动词、、分词为非谓语动词不能作谓语。可作谓语的动词一般为行为动词(表动作)和(表状态)，行为动词根据其后是否可直接接宾语，又可分为和。 ■作谓语 We should help each other. 我们应该互相帮助。
They respect one another. 他们互相尊重(对方)。 All of the students like the novel. 所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说。 Did you see many people there? 你在那儿看见许多人了吗? ■作谓语 He left here yesterday. 他昨天离开这儿。 You’re driving too fast. 你开车开得太快了。 The teacher came in, book in hand. 老师走进教室，手里拿着书。 He went abroad in the September of 1988. 他于____年9月出国。 ■连系动词表状态 He is an excellent teacher. 他是位优秀的教师。 Her son is a friend of ours. 她的儿子是我们的朋友。 Ours is a great country. 我们的国家是一个伟大的国家。 The box itself is not so heavy. 箱子本身并不重。 3.表语 表语与连系动词连用，构成，说明主语的身份或特征，一般由形容词、名词、、动词、分词等充当。如： They are brother and sister. 他们是兄妹。 What I want to say is this. 我想说的就是这点。 Her father is sixty-five. 她父亲65岁。 John is captain of the team. 约翰是足球队的队长。 The poor boy was myself. 那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。
中考英语句子成分分析
中考英语句子成分分析 1.英语句子成分讲座·主语 句子一般要有主语。在简单句中，主语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式(短语)来充当。动名词、动词不定式作主语时通常用it作形式主语。 ■名词作主语 English is very important.英语是很重要的。 The students all love their English teacher.这些学生都爱他们的英语老师。 ■代词作主语 They go to school by bus.他们乘公共汽车上学。 Most of the students come from the countryside.大多数学生来自农村。 ■动名词作主语 Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.看电视太多对你的眼睛是有害的。 It’s no use regretting it.后悔是无用的。 ■动词不定式(短语)作主语 To see is to believe.眼见为实。 It is very hard to get to sleep.入睡很难。 2.英语句子成分讲座·谓语 谓语必须由动词充当，但动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词不能作谓语。可作谓语的动词一般为行为动词(表动作)和连系动词(表状态)，行为动词根据其后是否可直接接宾语，又可分为及物动词和不及物动词。 ■及物动词作谓语 We should help each other.我们应该互相帮助。
They respect one another.他们互相尊重(对方)。 All of the students like the novel.所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说。 Did you see many people there?你在那儿看见许多人了吗? ■不及物动词作谓语 He left here yesterday.他昨天离开这儿。 You’re driving too fast.你开车开得太快了。 The teacher came in, book in hand.老师走进教室，手里拿着书。 He went abroad in the September of 1988.他于1988年9月出国。 ■连系动词表状态 He is an excellent teacher.他是位优秀的教师。 Her son is a friend of ours.她的儿子是我们的朋友。 Ours is a great country.我们的国家是一个伟大的国家。 The box itself is not so heavy.箱子本身并不重。 3.英语句子成分讲座·表语 表语与连系动词连用，构成系表结构，说明主语的身份或特征，一般由形容词、名词、动名词、动词不定式、分词等充当。如： They are brother and sister.他们是兄妹。 What I want to say is this.我想说的就是这点。 Her father is sixty-five.她父亲65岁。 John is captain of the team.约翰是足球队的队长。 The poor boy was myself.那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。
英语句子成分分析 完整版
英语句子成分 主语 主语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式(短语) 来充当。动名词、动词不定式作主语时通常用it 作形式主语。 ■名词作主语English is very important. 英语是很重要的。 ■代词作主语They go to school by bus. 他们乘公共汽车上学。 ■动名词作主语It’s no use regretting it. 后悔是无用的。 Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 看电视太多对你的眼睛是有害的。■动词不定式(短语)作主语To see is to believe. 眼见为实。 It is very hard to get to sleep. 入睡很难。 ■主语从句What we can’t get seems better than what we have. 表语 表语与连系动词连用，构成系表结构，说明主语的身份或特征，一般由形容词、名词、动名词、动词不定式、分词等充当。如： They are brother and sister. 他们是兄妹。 What I want to say is this. 我想说的就是这点。 Her father is sixty-five. 她父亲65岁。 John is captain of the team. 约翰是足球队的队长。 The poor boy was myself. 那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。 The ones who really want it are ourselves. 真正想要它的是我们自己。 All you need do is to take a taxi from the airport. 你只需从机场打个的即可。 My favourite sport is swimming. 我最喜爱的运动是游泳。 The fact is that she never knew the secret. 宾语 宾语是行为动作的对象，一般可分为动词宾语和介词宾语，充当宾语的可以是名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式或整个句子。如： I like Chinese food. 我喜欢中国菜。 I bought a ticket for Milan. 我买了一张去米兰的车票。 I enjoyed talking to you. 我和你谈话很高兴。 Have you finished dressing? 你衣服穿好了吗? He certainly did not want to join them. 他确实不想参加他们的活动。 They decided to close the border. 他们决定封闭边境。 We hoped that all would come well. 我们希望一切都会好转。 We expected that you would stay for a few days. 我们预计你会待几天的。 定语 定语为句子的次要成分，起修饰限制名词或代词的作用，可分为前置定语和后置定语。一般由形容词性物主代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词(短语) 或句子充当。 His father is a doctor. 他父亲是一名医生。 Mr. Green has two sons. 格林先生有两个儿子。 The girl under the tree is Kate. 在树底下的那个女孩是凯特。 The man downstairs couldn’t sleep w ell. 楼下的那个人不能睡好觉。 I bought a new dictionary. 我买了本新字典。
(完整版)初中英语句子成分分析与讲解
初中英语句子成分分析与讲解 英语句子与汉语句子一样，都是由单词按照一定的规则所组成的。不同的词类在句中所起的作用是不同的。因此，只有搞清不同词类在句中可充当哪些成分，才能正确分析、理解句子的含义，并能准确地遣词造句，逐渐达到流利地说出地道的英语。 【问】什么是句子成分?英语句子包含哪些成分? 【答】组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。它包括：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语等。 1.主语：是句子要说明的人或事物，是句子的主体，一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式或动名词等充当.位于动词之前 The car is running fast.(名词) We are students.(代词) One of my classmates is from Shanghai.(数词) It's bad manners to spit in public.(不定式) Eating too much is bad for your health.(动名词) 【注意】若不定式短语作主语常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语(不定式短语)放在句后。 2.谓语：说明主语的动作或状态，也是句子的主体部分，一般由动词充当。动词分为实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。实义动词单独作谓语，连系动词与表语一起构成谓语，情态动词与省略to的不定式构成合成谓语，助动词与动词原形共同构成谓语部分。如： He works in a factory.(实义动词) I felt cold.(系动词+表语) How can I get to the station?(情态动词+实义动词) Do you speak English?(助动词+实义动词) They are working in a field.(助动词+实义动词) 【注意】谓语与主语在人称与数方面要相互照应。 3.宾语：是及物动词所涉及的对象问什么谁。如： He is doing his homework.(名词) They did nothing this morning.(代词) She wants to go home.(不定式) We enjoy playing football.(动名词) 【注意】①有的动词可接双宾语，间接宾语指人，直接宾语指物。这类动词常见的有：give，buy，lend，pass，tell，leave等。如： He bought me a book. Pass me the ball，will you?(间宾+直宾) 直接宾语一般放在间接宾语之后，但若把直接宾语放在前面，则要在间接宾语前加适当的介词如to或for等。如： Han Chen lent some money to Li Hai.(直宾+间宾) Xiao Liu bought a dictionary for Tom.(直宾+间宾) 4.定语：用于修饰名词或代词，一般由形容词、名词、数词、不定式等充当。如： What a beautiful kite it is!(形容词) She is a chemistry teacher.(名词) There are two students in the classroom.(数词) We have something to do tomorrow.(不定式)
英语语法英语句子成分分析
英语语法——英语句子成分分析 句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语等。句子成分是句子中起一定功用的组成部分。 1）主语：是一句的主体，是全句述说的对象，常用名词，数词或代词担任，一般放于句首。如： Students study. (学生学习。) We are friends.(我们是朋友) 这两句话中单词students是个名词，we是代词，它们在句中做主语。 2）谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。如： Students study. (学生学习。) We are friends. (我们是朋友) 这两句话中单词study和are都是动词，study叫做实意动词，are叫做be动词，它们在句中作谓语。 3）宾语：表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。如： They are teachers. ( 他们是老师。) I play with him. (我和他一起玩。) 这两句话中单词teachers是名词，单词him是带词，它们在句中作宾语。 4）定语：是用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。形容词放在名词之前，相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面。如： This is a red sun.(这是个红太阳.) He is a tall boy.（他是个高个子男孩。） 这两句话中单词red和 tall都是形容词，它们作定语。 ５）状语是用来说明动词，形容词，副词或整个句子的成分。常由副词担任。修饰动词时可以放在动词之前，也可以放在动词之后；修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。如： The students study hard. (这些学生学习努力。) I often write to him. (我常给他写信。) The bag is too heavy. (这个书包太重了。) 这三句话中单词hard 和often修饰的都是动词，第三句话中单词too修饰的是形容词，它们都作状语。 ６）表语：用来说明主语的性质或状态。一般由名词或者形容词担任。如：This table is long. (这个桌子是长的。) 通常情况下,主语和宾语前的成分是定语，谓语前的成分是状语，时间词作状语放在句子后面。句子的成分分布如下：（定语）主语（状语）谓语（定语）宾语（状语） 如：(The tall) boy (often) go (to the big) zoo. (The happy) child --- went (his) home yesterday. 请分析下面句子的结构说出各个成分 1）I have two elder sisters. （我有两个姐姐。） 2) They don't swim very well.（他们游泳不太好。） 3) Do you go to school every day? （你每天去上学吗？） 4) I really want a cup of tea.（我真的想要一杯茶。） 5) Miss Smith teaches English very well.（史密斯先生教英语非常好。） 语法其实并没有一些人想象的那么可怕，其实里面有很多趣味。 第一讲英语句子成分 WARM-UP：1)The teacher in the classroom. 2)Sang many songs and danced happily. 3)She attracts. 4)Many people
划分句子成分划分英语句子成分经典练习(适合初中、高中各年级)
划分句子成分经典练习 练习1.分析下列句子成分，在下面标明属于五种基本句型中的哪一种。 2）The old man was feeling very tired. 3）His job is to train swimmers. 4）Where he was buried remained unknown. 5）What he said proved true. 6）We must keep quiet. 7）The shop stayed open until eleven. 8）She appeared younger than she really was. 9）His face went red. 10）He fell ill last week. 11）The cake I ate yesterday tastes delicious. 从上面我们可以看出，常见的系动词有，___、___、___、___、___、 ___、____、____等，它们下面一般跟____词作表语。 练习2.分析下列句子成分，在下面标明属于五种基本句型中的哪一种。口译，体会it的替代性用法。 1）It is very plain to me that he is round and tall like a tree.2）It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. 3）It worried her a bit than her hair was turning grey. 4）The chairman thought it necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.
高中英语句子成分分析讲解即时练习巩固
高中英语句子成分分析讲解即时练习巩固 文档编制序号：[KKIDT-LLE0828-LLETD298-POI08]
第1讲句子成分
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型结构如下： 主语谓语 用符号表示为： ①ＳＶ（主＋谓） ②ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾） ③ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） ④ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） ⑤ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表） 主语（subject）谓语 （predicate）、 宾语（object）定语 （attribute） 状语(adverbial) 补语 （complement） 表语（predicative） 考点1.基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓） 这类句子的谓语动词都是不及物动词，都不带宾语，但可以带状语，常见的不及物动词有： act, come, go, work, last, fall, cry, disappear, appear, smile, rise, ring，live, look, listen, laugh, hurry, talk, sleep, retire, graduate, die, care, agree, jump, fail, wait, succeed, stay, sit, lie, shine, happen, take place, rain, snow, ect. 如: It is raining now. (ＳＶ) We've worked for 5 hours. (ＳＶ) The meeting lasted half an hour. (ＳＶ) Time flies. (ＳＶ) 练习1.分析下列句子成分，并在后面括号内标明属于五种基本句型中的哪一种 1.Dark clouds hung overhead. ( ) 2.Gradually a smile appeared on her face. ( ) 3.He is smiling all over his face. ( ) 4.I did well in English. ( ) 5.He talked loudly in the classroom yesterday. ( ) 考点2.基本句型二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表） 系动词主要是be. 但还有一些动词有些时候 也可作系动词，有人称之为半系动词。 I.如何辨别系动词 有些动词既可作连系动词，又可以作实义动词。如何来辨别呢有一个最简便的方法，即用连系动词be替换句子中的这些动词，句子仍然成立就是连系动词；反之，不能替换 的，就是行为动词。如： vi. vt. . 宾语 宾语（间）宾语（直）宾语宾语补足语 表语 ① ⑤ ② ④ ③