2019届天津市十二重点中学高三下学期毕业班联考(二)英语试卷及解析
2019届天津市十二重点中学高三下学期毕业班联考（二）
英语试卷
本试卷共分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题），满分130分；考试时间为100分钟。本试卷共10页。
第I卷选择题（共95分)
注意事项：
1．答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。
2．选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应的题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再填涂其它答案，不能答在试卷上。
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节；满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
1.—I’m tired out. I can’t run any further, Tom.
—________! Mike. I’m sure you can do it.
A. Come on
B. No hurry
C. No problem
D. Well done
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。A. Come on 加油；B. No hurry不必着急；C. No problem没问题；D. Well done干得好。句意：——我累坏了，我跑不动了，汤姆。——加把劲！迈克，我相信你能做到。根据答语可知，此处是在鼓励对方，表示“加油、加把劲”，故A项正确。
2.The young man who was expected to his father’s company, made an unusual decision that he would start his own business.
A. hand over
B. think over
C. go over
D. take over
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。A. hand over移交；B. think over仔细考虑；C. go over复习；D. take over接管。句意：那个有望接管他父亲公司的年轻人做了一个不同寻常的决定，他决定自己创业。根据“his father’s company”可知此处表示“接管”，故D项正确。
3.—I will pick you up at 7 o’clock tomorrow morning. Is that all right?
— . See you then.
A. I’d love to
B. That’s settl ed
C. It’s up to you
D. My pleasure
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。A. I’d love to我很乐意；B. That’s settled就这么定了；C. It’s up to you由你决定；D. My pleasure不用谢。句意：我明天早晨七点来接你，可以么？——就这么定了，到时候见。根据“See you then.”可知，此处表示“一言为定、就这么定了”，故B项正确。
4.Some experts think, genes, intelligence also depends on an adequate diet,
a good education and a nice home environment.
A. instead of
B. except for
C. apart from
D. far from
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。A. instead of代替；B. except for除了；C. apart from除……之外还；D. far from远非。句意：一些专家认为，除了基因，智力还取决于充足的饮食、良好的教育以及良好的家庭环境。根据“intelligence also depends on an adequate diet, a good education and a nice home environment.”可知此处表示“除……之外还”，故C项正确。
5.The athletes, especially the winners, should remain modest ________ rapid progress they have made.
A. whatever
B. however
C. how much
D. no matter
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：那些运动员，尤其是获胜者，无论他们取得多么大的进步，都应该保持谦逊。此处修饰名词progress，表示“不管什么样的、无论什么”，故A项
正确。
6.The little boy stared at the strange man questioningly, not whether to believe what he had said.
A. to know
B. knowing
C. known
D. having known
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：小男孩疑惑地盯着这个陌生人，不知道自己是否该相信他说的话。little boy与know之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作伴随状语，故B项正确。
7.The people in the village are so that they are willing to help every visitor.
A. optimistic
B. energetic
C. enthusiastic
D. ambitious
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. optimistic乐观的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. enthusiastic热心的；D. ambitious有抱负的。句意：这个村里的人都很热心，他们愿意帮助每一位游客。根据“they are willing to help every visitor.”可知此处表示“热心的、热情的”，故C项正确。
8.Bob made a promise to the manager ________ the work would all be finished on time.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. whether
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：鲍勃向经理保证将按时完成工作。分析句子结构可知，此处为同位语从句，从句成分完成，用that解释promise的内容，只起连接作用，无实义，故A项正确。
9.The students have decided on a final date by which everyone reading the books assigned by their professor.
A. finishes
B. finished
C. have finished
D. will have finished
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：学生们决定了最后的日期，到那时每个人都将读完教授布置的书。根据“a final date by which”可知此处表示将来已经完成的动作，应该用将来完成时，故D项正确。
10.Not until I went up further ________ that under the tree ________ obviously sound asleep.
A. that I saw; did a boy lie
B. I saw; lay a boy
C. did I see; did a boy lie
D. did I see; lay a boy
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查倒装。句意：直到我走得更近，我才看到树下躺着一个男孩，显然他睡得很熟。第一空，Not until位于句首时，其后要进行部分倒装，第二空，地点状语位于句首，其后要进行完全倒装，故D项正确。
11.—What did he do in return for free ________ and food offered by the kind couple? —He helped their son with his lessons.
A. conservation
B. admission
C. accommodation
D. immigration
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：——他做什么来回报那对好心的夫妇给他提供的免费的食宿? ——他给他们的儿子辅导功课。A. conservation保存；B. admission 承认；C. accommodation 住处；D. immigration移居，故选C。
12.Only after he was brought to the police station did the boy ________ he had stolen some purses from other passengers.
A. participate
B. acknowledge
C. realize
D. summarize
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. participate参与；B. acknowledge承认；C. realize认识到；D. summarize总结。句意：只有在被带到警局之后，男孩才承认自己偷了其他乘客的钱包。根据“he had stolen some purses from other passengers”可知此处表示“承认”，故B项正确。
13.He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he ________ be quite charming when he wishes.
A. shall
B. should
C. can
D. must
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：他是个脾气不好的家伙，但只要他想，他可以变得相当可爱。根据句意可知此处表示“能、可以”，故C项正确。
14.The police are investigating the company, three of ________ managers have already been arrested.
A. whose
B. that
C. which
D. where
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非限定性定语从句。句意：警方正在调查这家公司，其中三位经理已经被逮捕。此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词为company，从句中缺少定语，故A项正确。
15.You didn’t let me drive. If we ________ by turns, you ________ so tired.
A. drove; didn’t get
B. drove; wouldn’t get
C. were driving; wouldn’t get
D. had driven; wouldn’t have got
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：你当时不让我开车，如果我们轮流开车的话，你就不会这么累了。根据“You didn’t let me drive.”判断此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句要用过去完成时，主句用wouldn’t have done结构，故D项正确。
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从16-35各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项并在答题卡上将其涂黑。
From a young age I was taught to be kind to people around. My parents ____16____ explained to me the importance of giving help generously to the less ____17____. So out of habit, whenever there is something I can ____18____, I give it to someone on the streets.
Last week, as I left the house for work, I carried with me some ____19____ clothes, a handbag and some food to hand over to someone ____20____.
As the car ____21____ at a traffic red light, I saw a girl of five or six asking for money. I ____22____ her to come to me and quickly ____23____ all the stuff I had and put them into the handbag. As I started handing it over, she seemed ____24____. She looked up at me with a sweet smile on her face and asked what was in the ____25____.
I told her there were some clothes and food for her.
Once again she ____26____ me, “Can you give me some water?” It was then that I ____27____ her dry lips. It seemed that she had not had a ____28____ of water all day. I ____29____ the water bottle that I always carry with me and helped her to drink from it. She finished it quickly and gave me a heartwarming smile of ____30____.
I was thankful that I could ____31____ what she really wished and realized once again that day that you don’t necessarily have to make big ____32____ to help someone. And this incident, as well as a lot that followed,___33___my belief in the simple acts of kindness and how they can make someone’s day.
Next time you want to do something nice for someone, don’t ____34____, seizing the right ____35____, or it would be late. Go ahead and do it!
16. A. cheerfully B. confidently C. particularly D. smoothly
17. A. difficult B. rich C. comfortable D. fortunate
18. A. find B. exchange C. spare D. abandon
19. A. casual B. worn C. old D. fashionable
20. A. needy B. clumsy C. lucky D. lonely
21. A. pulled B. stopped C. approached D. drew
22. A. wanted B. ordered C. touched D. signaled
23. A. threw B. collected C. dragged D. dropped
24. A. surprised B. embarrassed C. panicked D. worried
25. A. bag B. pocket C. car D. hand
26. A. waved at B. looked up at C. shook hands with D. nodded at
27. A. realized B. watched C. recognized D. noticed
28. A. bottle B. drop C. lot D. cup
29. A. pointed out B. gave out C. picked out D. took out
30. A. satisfaction B. communication C. appreciation D. expectation
31. A. afford B. offer C. understand D. remember
32. A. donations B. differences C. senses D. kindness
33. A. strengthened B. changed C. shook D. destroyed
34. A. hold out B. hold on C. hold back D. hold down
35. A. idea B. power C. position D. opportunity
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. C 19. C 20. A 21. B 22. D 23. B 24.
A 25. A 26.
B 27. D 28. B 29. D 30.
C 31. B 32. A 33. A
34. C 35. D
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者给一个小女孩一些生活必需品和水故事，作者很感激自己
能够提供给她真正想要的东西并坚定了自己对简单善举的信念。
【16题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. cheerfully高兴地；B. confidently自信地；C. particularly特别地；D. smoothly顺利地。根据本空后的“explained to me the importance of giving help generously to the less ____2____.”可知，我父母特别向我解释了慷慨地帮助那些不幸的
人的重要性，故C项正确。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. difficult困难的；B. rich富有的；C. comfortable舒服的；D.
fortunate幸运的。根据语境可知，我父母特别向我解释了慷慨地帮助那些不太幸运的人的重要性，故D项正确。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. find发现；B. exchange 交换；C. spare匀出、不用；D. abandon 放弃。根据本空后的“I give it to someone on the streets.”可知，出于习惯，只要我有不用的东西，我就把它送给街上的某个人，故C项正确。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. casual随便的；B. worn用坏的；C. old旧的；D. fashionable 时髦的。根据本空后的“clothes, a handbag and some food to hand over to someone ____5____.”可知，我拿一些旧衣物、一个手提包和一些食物给缺少生活必需品的人，故C 项正确。
【20题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. needy贫困的、缺乏生活必需品的；B. clumsy笨拙的；C. lucky 幸运的；D. lonely孤独的。根据上文可知，我要把它们给缺少生活必需品的人，故C项正确。【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. pulled拉；B. stopped停下；C. approached靠近；D. drew牵引。根据本空后的“at a traffic red light, I saw a girl of five or six asking for money.”可知，我看到一辆车在红灯前停下时，一个五六岁的小女孩过去要钱，故B项正确。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. wanted想要；B. ordered命令；C. touched感动；D. signaled以动作示意。根据本空后的“her to come to me and quickly ____8____ all the stuff I had and put them into the handbag.”可知，我示意小女孩上我这儿来，并快速地把所有的东西都收拾好，放进手提包里，故D项正确。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. threw扔；B. collected收集、收拾；C. dragged拖拉；D. dropped 掉下。根据语境可知，我把所有的东西都收拾好，放进手提包里，故B项正确。
【24题详解】
考察形容词词义辨析。A. surprised惊讶的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. panicked恐慌的；
D. worried担心的。根据语境可知，当我把手提包递给她时，她似乎很惊讶，故A项正确。【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. bag包；B. pocket口袋；C. car汽车；D. hand手。上文说我把东
西装在手提包里，此处是说她问我包里装的是什么，故A项正确。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. waved at向……挥手；B. looked up at抬头看；C. shook hands with 与……握手；D. nodded at向某人点头。根据上文中的“She looked up at me with a sweet smile on her face and asked”可知，她再次抬头看我，问我能不能给她些水，故B项正确。【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. realized实现；B. watched观看；C. recognized 认出；D. noticed 注意到。根据本空后的“her dry lips”可知，那时我才注意到她那干干的嘴唇，故D项正确。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. bottle瓶；B. drop滴；C. lot多；D. cup杯。她的嘴唇干干的，好像一整天都没有喝过一滴水，故B项正确。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. pointed out指出；B. gave out分发；C. picked out挑选出；D. took out取出。根据本空后的“the water bottle that I always carry with me and helped her to drink from it.”可知，我拿出我随身携带的水瓶，让她喝水，故D项正确。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. satisfaction满意； B. communication交流；C. appreciation 感激； D. expectation期望。我给她东西又给她水喝，她给了我一个感激的微笑，故C 项正确。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. afford买得起；B. offer提供；C. understand理解； D. remember 记得。根据本空后的“what she really wished and realized once again that day that you don’t necessarily have to make big ____17____ to help someone.”可知，我很感激我能提供她真正想要的东西并在那天再次认识到不一定要捐赠很多钱来帮助别人，故B项正确。【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. donations捐款；B. differences不同；C. senses感觉；D. kindness 好意。那天我再次认识到不一定要捐赠很多钱来帮助别人，故A项正确。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. strengthened加强、坚定；B. changed改变；C. shook摇动；D. destroyed摧毁。根据本空后的“my belief in the simple acts of kindness and how they
can make someone’s day.”可知，这件事以及随后发生的很多事坚定了我对简单善举的信念，以及这些善举如何让一个人开心，故A项正确。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. hold out伸出；B. hold on等一下；C. hold back退缩；D. hold down 压制。根据本空后的“seizing the right ____20____, or it would be late. Go ahead and do it!”可知，下次你想为别人做好事时，不要退缩，抓住机会，否则就晚了，赶紧去做吧！故C项正确。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. idea想法；B. power力量；C. position位置；D. opportunity机会。下次你想为别人做好事时，不要退缩，抓住机会，否则就晚了，赶紧去做吧！故D项正确。
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
What is Small-sided Soccer?
Small-sided Soccer starts with games of 3-on-3 from the youngest participants and progresses to 4-on-4, 7-on-7, 11-on-11, in a graduated manner for the older groups. Our school’s training course will give kids a better chance to take part in the game and get excited about the game of soccer. The small-sided approach gives each child more individualized attention so they can ea ch improve their skills. And, it’s FUN! Some general practical information
·Cafeteria is open.
·We supply participants with soccer clothes and football boots
·Please bring a water bottle for your child.
Soccer season training times
Costs
The cost is $70 per month for Tykes and PeeWees and $115 for all the other teams. Volunteering
Can I coach?
Of course! Our training course is always looking for volunteer coaches. We will provide coaches with plans for activities and training, and help set up the small-sided fields. It’s a great opportunity to get involved with kids and help develop their love for sports.
How can I volunteer in other ways?
It’s your club and you are welcome to volunteer! There are volunteer opportunities with programs, fields, publicity, facilities, uniforms, website development and the board, to name a few. Let us know how you’d like to help—and we’ll put you to work!
Do parents stay?
Yes. Parents are strongly encouraged to stay and support their children and the club. The club is a volunteer-run organization. Parents and athletes are encouraged to help with clean-up and set-up activities.
If you have any questions about program specifics, please contact recreational soccer coordinator(协调者), Pablo Vercelli, at recreationalsoccer@abfsport.nl. Tel: 043-239-4409.
36. What do you know about the training course?
A. It is a free training course for children.
B. It offers three meals a day for free.
C. It teaches students according to their interest.
D. It will make children get excited about soccer.
37. What should participants take to the training course?
A. Soccer.
B. Soccer clothes.
C. A water bottle.
D. Football boots.
38. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Both Tykes and BoysE&F have classes on Sunday.
B. Both Tykes and PeeWees have the same charging standard.
C. Pablo Vercelli was the founder of Small-sided Soccer.
D. Parents who help with clean-up don’t need to pay for the c ourse.
39. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. There are two ways to contact the school.
B. Parents are not allowed to stay with their children.
C. All the coaches in the school are professional.
D. Children who are over 11 are not allowed to attend the course.
40. Where do you probably read the article?
A. In a science fiction.
B. In a newspaper.
C. In a medical magazine.
D. In a guidebook.
【答案】36. D 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文，介绍了足球培训课程的相关信息。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Our school’s training course will give kids a better chance to take part in the game and get excited about the game of soccer. ”可知，这个培训课程会让孩子们对足球感到兴奋，故D项正确。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据Some general practical information部分中的“Please bring a water bottle for your child.”可知，参加培训课程的学员需要自己带一个水瓶，故C项正确。【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据Costs部分中的“The cost is $70 per month for Tykes and PeeWees and $115 for all the other teams.”可知，Tykes和PeeWees的收费标准一样，都是每个月70美元，故B项正确。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“contact recreational soccer coordinator(协调者),
Pablo Vercelli, at recreationalsoccer@abfsport.nl. Tel: 043-239-4409.”可知，可以通过邮箱recreationalsoccer@abfsport.nl.和电话043-239-4409两种方式联系学校，故A 项正确。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。通断全文可知，本文主要介绍了足球培训课程的相关信息，是一则广告，最有可能出现在报纸中，故B项正确。
B
Susan Sontag (1933—2004) was one of the most noticeable figures in the world of literature.For more than 40 years she made it morally necessary to know everything—to read every book worth reading, to see every movie worth seeing.When she was still in her early 30s, publishing essays in such important magazines as Partisan Review, she appeared as the symbol of American culture life, trying hard to follow every new development in literature, film and art.With great effort and serious judgment, Sontag walked at the latest edges of world culture.
Seriousness was one of Sontag’s lifelong mottos, but at a time when the barriers between the well-educated and the poorly-educated were obvious, she argued for a true openness to the pleasure of pop culture.In Notes Camp, the 1964 essay that first made her name, she explained what was then a little-known set of difficult understandings, through which she could not have been more famous.Notes on Camp, she wrote, represents “a victory of ‘form’ over ‘content’, ‘beauty’ over ‘morals’”.
By conviction(信念) she was a sensualist(感觉论者), but by nature she was a moralist, and in the works she published in the 1970s and 1980s, it was the latter side of her that came forward.In Illness as Metaphor—published in 1978, after she suffered cancer—she argued against the idea that cancer was somehow a special problem of repressed (被压抑的) personalities, a concept that effectively blamed the victim for the disease.In fact, re-examining old concepts was her lifelong habit.
In America, her story of a 19th century Polish actress who set up a perfect society in California, won the National Book Award in 2000.But what made her achieve lasting fame was a tireless, all-purpose cultural view.
“Sometimes,” she once said, “I feel that, in the end, all I am really defending… is th e idea of seriousness, of true seriousness.”And in the end, she made us take it seriously too.
41. It is implied but not stated in the first paragraph that Sontag .
A. was a symbol of American cultural life
B. developed world literature, film and arts
C. published many essays about world culture
D. kept pace with the newest development of world culture
42. She first won her name through .
A. publishing essays in magazines like Partisan Review
B. her story of a Polish actress
C. her explanation of a set of difficult understandings
D. her book Illness as Metaphor
43. From the works Susan published in the 1970s and 1980s, we can learn that .
A. she was more of a moralist than a sensualist
B. she was more of a sensualist than a moralist
C. she believed repressed personalities mainly led to illness
D. She would like to re-examine old positions
44. According to the passage, Susan Sontag would agree to the ideas except .
A. We should try hard to follow every new development in literature, film and art.
B. Cancer can be defeated because it is a special problem of repressed personalities.
C. ‘Form’ should be over ‘content’, ‘beauty’ should be over ‘morals’.
D. We should defend the idea of seriousness, of true seriousness.
45. What is the passage mainly about?
A. A lifelong motto: seriousness.
B. Susan Sontag is the symbol of American culture.
C. How Susan Sontag became famous.
D. An introduction to Susan Sontag and her motto.
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. D
【解析】
试题分析：
【41题详解】
D 推理题。根据第一段4,5行she appeared as the symbol of American culture life, trying hard to follow every new development in literature, film and art.说明她能跟上时代发展的步伐，故D正确。
【42题详解】
C 细节题。根据第二段3,4,5三行In Notes Camp, the 1964 essay that first made her name, she explained what was then a little-known set of difficult understandings, through which she could not have been more famous.说明C正确。
【43题详解】
A 细节题。根据第三段1,2行By conviction she was a sensualist (感觉论者), but by nature she was a moralist, and in the works she published in the 1970s and 1980s, it was the latter side of her that came forward.说明实际上她是一个道德主义者，故A正确。【44题详解】
B 推理题。根据第三段3,4,5行she argued against the idea that cancer was somehow a special problem of repressed (被压抑的) personalities, a concept that effectively blamed the victim for the disease.说明她认为癌症是由于人性被压抑而产生的一种疾病。故B正确。
【45题详解】
D 主旨大意题。文章是对Susan Sontag和她的格言的详细介绍。故D正确。
考点：考查人物传记类阅读
点评：文章是对Susan Sontag及她的作品和她的格言的详细介绍。本文主要还是考查细节题与主旨大意题，需要根据考生细读文章大意，结合语境，做出准确的判断。
C
Tiny microbes(微生物) are at the heart of a new agricultural technique to manage harmful greenhouse gas. Scientists have discovered how microbes can be used to turn carbon dioxide into soil-enriching limestone(石灰石), with the help of a type of tree that grows in tropical areas, such as West Africa.
Researchers have found that when the Iroko tree is grown in dry, acidic soil and treated with a combination of natural fungi(霉菌) and other bacteria, not only does the tree grow well, it also produces the mineral limestone in the soil around its
root.
from the The Iroko tree makes a mineral by combining Ca from the earth with CO
2 atmosphere. The bacteria then create the conditions under which this mineral turns into limestone. The discovery offers a new way to lock carbon into the soil, keeping it out of the atmosphere. In addit ion to storing carbon in the trees’ leaves and in the form of limestone, the mineral in the soil makes it more suitable for agriculture.
The discovery could lead to reforestation(重新造林) projects in tropical countries, and help reduce carbon dioxide in the atmosphere in the developing world. It has already been used in West Africa and is being tested in Bolivia, Haiti and India.
The findings were made in a three-year project involving researchers from the Universities of Edinburgh, Granada, Lausanne and Delft University of Technology. The
as limestone, and the project examined several microbiological methods of locking CO
2
Iroko-bacteria way showed best results. Work was funded by the European Commission under the Future&Emerging Technologies(FET) scheme.
Dr Bryne Ngwenya of the University of Edinburgh’s School of GeoSciences, who led the research, said:“By taking advantage of this natural limestone-producing process, we have a low-tech, safe, readily employed and easily operating way to lock carbon out of the atmosphere, while improving farming conditions in tropical countries.”
46. The passage is mainly introducing .
A. some useful natural fungi and bacteria
B. a new way to deal with greenhouse gas
C. a newly-found tree in West Africa
D. the soil-enriching limestone created by scientists
47. Which of the following is True about tiny microbes?
A. Most tiny microbes like living in dry, acidic soil.
can be broken down by natural fungi and bacteria.
B. CO
2
C. The more greenhouse gas is, the more active tiny microbes become.
D. Tiny microbes get along well with the Iroko tree in special soil.
48. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 probably refer to?
A. Carbon dioxide.
B. Carbon.
C. Soil.
D. Limestone.
49. According to the passage, what can we infer?
A. The action of the tiny microbes can increase the oxygen in the earth.
B. Researchers have done the experiment on trees in Africa for three years.
C. Researchers tend to use natural power to solve their problem.
D. West Africa is one of the most polluted areas all over the world
50. According to the passage, the Iroko-bacteria method .
A. can be used to improve the farming land
B. can save a lot of seriously destroyed woods
C. has been popularized in Bolivia, Haiti and India
D. should be spread all around the world in the future
【答案】46. B 47. D 48. C 49. C 50. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家发现在艾罗科树的帮助下，微生物可以用来将二氧化碳转化为石灰石，这种方法可以用来处理温室气体。
【46题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Tiny microbes(微生物) are at the heart of a new agricultural technique to manage harmful greenhouse gas.”可知，微生物是管理有害温室气体的农业新技术的核心，本文介绍的就是利用这种新技术处理温室气体的方法，故B 项正确。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，当艾罗科树生长在干燥、酸性的土壤中并经过天然真菌和其他细菌的组合处理后，它不仅生长良好，还会在根部周围的土壤中产生矿物质石灰石，由此可知，在某种特殊的土壤中，艾罗科树能够和微生物相处得很好，故D项正确。
【48题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线前的“In addition to storing carbon in the trees’ leaves and in the form of limestone, the mineral in the soil makes”可知，除了在树叶和石灰石
中储存碳外，土壤中的矿物质使土壤更适合农业生产，由此可知it指代的就是前面提到的“土
壤”，故C项正确。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The project examined several microbiological methods
of locking CO
as limestone, and the Iroko-bacteria way showed best results.”可知，2
该项目研究了多种将二氧化碳锁定为石灰石的微生物方法，其中艾罗科树和微生物的方法效
果最好，再结合最后一段内容可知，研究人员倾向于使用自然力量来解决温室气体的问题，
故C项正确。
【50题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“By taking advantage of this natural
limestone-producing process, we have a low-tech, safe, readily employed and easily
operating way to lock carbon out of the atmosphere, while improving farming conditions
in tropical countries.”可知，通过利用这种天然的石灰石生产过程，我们有了一种低技
术、安全、易于操作的方法锁定大气中的碳，同时改善热带国家的农业条件，由此可知，这
种方法能够用于改善耕地，故A项正确。
【点睛】科普类说明文的主旨大意题难度较大，这类文章通常开篇即点明主题，因此对一段
的理解是关键，例如本篇第1题，文章开篇即指出微生物是管理有害温室气体的农业新技术
的核心，紧接着又说科学家发现在艾罗科树的帮助下，微生物可以用来将二氧化碳转化为石
灰石，由此可知，本文介绍的就是利用微生物将二氧化碳转化为石灰石来处理温室气体这种
新方法。
D
For as long as there have been gifts, we naturally make choices based on the
recipient (接受者). But what if we have been wrong all along and that we could turn
things around, which not only made gift buying easier, but the recipient happier?
In 2015, psychologists Lauren Human and Lara Aknin conducted an online survey,
which suggested that when people buy gifts, they prefer to choose something based
on the recipient’s p ersonality and tastes. Most people also said that they preferred
receiving gifts bought with them in mind: gifts for them.
But Human and Aknin wondered if this approach to giving failed to take advantage
of the way we connect as people. So they sent 78 volunteers into a shopping centre
before Mother’s Day. Half were told to buy a card that “reveals(揭示) your knowledge of the recipient” while the others set out to buy a card that “reveals your true self”. After the purchase, the givers who had thought partly of themselves reported feeling emotionally closer to their mothers.
To find out how that approach goes down with recipients, the psychologists did another test, asking more than 100 students to choose a song on iTunes to give to a friend, partner or family member. Each half of the group received the same instructions as the card buyers. Results revealed that recipients of songs that revealed something of the givers felt closer to them than those who received gifts bought only with them in mind.
Human and Ak nin suggest it might apply to all gifts. “If building stronger social connections is the underlying (潜在的) goal” of a gift and surely it should be—then we “may well be advised to offer more self-reflective gifts”. In short, for a present to be meaningful, you need to give away a bit of yourself, even if there is a risk that the gift might not so closely suit the recipient’s practical needs or tastes as one acquired purely with that in mind.
Moreover, giving something of oneself can be a safer act, the psychologists added. Because it reduces the risk of revealing poor knowledge of a recipient by attempting to buy something that fits their character—and failing.
But a note of caution here: what the research does not examine is the potential risk in repeated, unsympathetic giver-centered giving, which, according to Human and Aknin “could signal self-obsession” —and nobody wants to reveal that about themselves.
51. From the Mother’s Day card test, we can conclude that .
A. gifts chosen with the giver in mind work well on the giver
B. most people choose gifts with the recipient in mind
C. most people choose gifts based on their personal tastes
D. gifts chosen with the giver in mind work well on the recipient
52. What do the underlined words “them, them” refer to in order of appearance?
A. The recipients; the givers.
B. The givers; the recipients.
C. The givers; the givers.
D. The recipients; the recipients.
53. What does the author think is the significance of gift giving?
A. Making the giver’s life happier.
B. Showing one’s knowledge of the recipient.
C. Establishing and strengthening social connections.
D. Meeting the recipient’s practical needs.
54. Which of the following is Human and Aknin’s advice on gift giving?
A. Choose gifts that reflect more of yourself.
B. Just focus on your own tastes when choosing gifts.
C. Buy something that fits the recipient’s character most.
D. Be careful not to signal your true personality.
55. Which is the best title of this passage?
A. The tradition of gift giving.
B. The purpose of gift giving.
C. The effect of gift giving.
D. The psychology of gift giving.
【答案】51. A 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家通过试验发现带着自己的想法给别人选礼物的人在情感上与收礼人更亲近，因此送礼时应选择更能反映送礼人的礼物。
【51题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“After the purchase, the givers who had thought partly of themselves reported feeling emotionally closer to their mothers.”可知，带着自己的想法给母亲选礼物的人说自己在情感上与母亲更亲近了，由此可知，带着自己的想法选择礼物会对送礼人很有效，故A项正确。
【52题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的前一句“Each half of the group received the same instructions as the card buyers.”可知，小组的每一半人都得到了与给母亲买贺卡的人的相同的指示，即一半人带着自己的想法给母亲选贺卡，另一半人则在选贺卡时考虑到母亲，结果显示带着自己的想法给母亲选礼物的人说自己在情感上与母亲更亲近了，由此可知，此处是说与那些只考虑收礼人的人相比，那些听了能够透露出送礼人某些信息的人感觉与送礼人更亲近了，所以第一个them指代的是送礼人，第二个them指代的是收礼人，故B项正确。【53题详解】
2019届六校联考高三理综试题
安徽六校教育研究会2019届高三第二次联考 理科综合试题 命题：安徽师范大学附属中学 考试时间：150 分钟；试卷分值：300 分。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上； 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 Na 23 Ti 48 一、选择题：本题共13小题，每小题6分，共78分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题意。 1. 下列关于细胞结构和功能的叙述，错误的是 A.多肽合成的场所核糖体由蛋白质和核糖核酸组成 B.细胞壁、细胞膜分别是植物细胞和动物细胞的边界 C.动物细胞正常有丝分裂过程离不开中心体的作用 D.生物体内非相邻细胞间可以通过信息分子进行信息交流 2. 下列关于酶的叙述，错误的是 A.通过设置对比实验可以探究不同pH对某种酶活性的影响 B.从胃蛋白酶的提取液中沉淀该酶可用盐析的方法 C.增加某反应体系中酶的数量，反应速率会加快，最终产物浓度会增加 D.酶不但可以作为一个反应的催化剂，还可以作为另一个反应的底物 3. 洋葱是生物学实验的常用材料，其鳞片叶及根尖可用于不同的实验研究。下列关于洋葱在实验中的应用，叙述错误的是 A.运用质壁分离与复原实验，可估测洋葱鳞片叶外表皮细胞液的浓度 B.提取洋葱鳞片叶外表皮细胞液泡中的紫色色素，可使用清水作溶剂 C.观察高等植物细胞有丝分裂的过程，宜选取洋葱根尖分生区细胞 D.利用洋葱鳞片叶内表皮细胞进行实验，可观察到线粒体和叶绿体 4. 有关减数分裂和受精作用的叙述，正确的是 A.在减数第一次分裂后期过程中，并非所有非等位基因发生自由组合 B.受精过程中，精子和卵细胞的随机结合，会导致基因重组发生 C.减数分裂结束后，产生的配子染色体数目减少，对生物的遗传不利 D.雄果蝇体细胞中有4对染色体，经减数分裂得到的卵细胞有2对染色体 5.激动素是一种细胞分裂素类植物生长调节剂。为了探究激动素对侧芽生长的影响，某研究小组将生长状态一致的豌豆苗随机分为A、B、C三组，实验处理如表。处理后，定期测
最新上海市崇明区2019届高三英语一模
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2020年高三英语【名校、地市联考】精选仿真模拟卷01(试卷版)
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2019届高三英语12月调研考试试题
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一、选择题：本大题共12小题．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的． 1．已知全集U ＝R ，集合M ＝{x|3x 2－13x －10＜0}和N ＝{x|x ＝2k ，k ∈Z }的关系的韦恩（Venn ）图如图所示，则阴影部分所示的集合的元素共有 A ．1个 B ．2个 C ．3个 D ．无穷个 2． 34i 34i 12i 12i +--=-+ A ．－4 B ．4 C ．－4i D ．4i 3．如图1为某省2018年1～4月快递业务量统计图，图2是该省2018年1～4月快递业务收入统计图，下列对统计图理解错误的是
A．2018年1～4月的业务量，3月最高，2月最低，差值接近2000万件 B．2018年1～4月的业务量同比增长率均超过50％，在3月最高 C．从两图来看，2018年1～4月中的同一个月的快递业务量与收入的同比增长率并不完全一致 D．从1～4月来看，该省在2018年快递业务收入同比增长率逐月增长 4．设x，y满足约束条件 60 3 30 x y x x y -+ ? ? ? ?+- ? ≥ ≤ ≥ ，则1 1 x y z x ++ = + 的取值范围是 A．（－∞，－8]∪[1，＋∞） B．（－∞，－10]∪[－1，＋∞） C．[－8，1] D．[－10，－1] 5．某几何体的三视图如图所示，其中，正视图中的曲线为圆弧，则该几何体的体积为
A ．4643 π- B ．64－4π C ．64－6π D ．64－8π 6．有一程序框图如图所示，要求运行后输出的值为大于1000的最小数值，则在空白的判断框内可以填入的是 A ．i ＜6 B ．i ＜7 C ．i ＜8 D ．i ＜9
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上海市松江区2019届高三英语一模 -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1
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安徽江南十校2019届高三第二次大联考 语文 一、现代文阅读（36分） (一)论述类文本阅读（9分） 阅读下面的文字，完成1-3小题。 “《道德经》里的‘道’究竟是什么?我觉得其实是一个‘源代码’，按老子的理解，应该就是指天地，指时空”，知名学者余世存日前在解读自己的作品《老子传》时作出上述表示。 作为中国历史上最伟大的名著之一，《道德经》对传统哲学、科学、政治、宗教等产生了深刻影响，据联合国教科文组织统计，《道德经》是除了《圣经》以外被译成外国文字发布量最多的文化名著。然而对于这部经典的解读一直以来却颇多分歧，任继愈先生认为，《道德经》是写给弱者的哲学慰藉，但也有很多人认为，这是老子写给掌权者、君王和政治家的一部经典。有人说“半部论语治天下”，也有人说，四分之一部《道德经》就可以治天下。老子所著的《道德经》究竟是写给弱者的“心灵鸡汤”，还是治国、修身的天之大道? 正统的老子的传记，就是司马迁寥寥一些字，很少。司马迁也没有拿出来单独作传，把他写得神龙不见首尾。要拼凑这样一位历史人物，只能在有限的史料里找一坐我们觉得可信的东西。余世存的《老子传》，用老子的生平，立体地阐述了《道德经》，以第一、第三人称混合形式叙述老子的人生心路，还原历史，将老子的一生串成一个完整的人生历程。关于老子与孔子、苌弘、常枞、秦佚、杨朱、周王室的关系，作者交待得合理而平常，通过讲述老子的爱情、友谊、教育、仕途人生等，探寻了《道德经》思想的源起。《老子传》中力求以现代人的角度去理解老子，希望以它来拉近现代读者与这位历史人物的距离，更帮助读者消除与《道德经》这样的经典作品之间的时差。他认为不是老子故意要给后人一个迷魂罩，就像我们今天在网络社交平台上一样，也会想一些名字来表达自己对人生的态度，这种虚构其实包含了我们对人生、对社会一些很真实的看法。从老子的故事中，可以看得出他对人世的一种观念，甚至可以看出他对现实社会的态度确实不如孔子那么积极。 对于《道德经》中的大众熟知然而又对其意义争论颇多的“道”，余世存认为，“我觉得其实就是一个源代码。人在社会上生活，要找到人生的源代码，这个源代码有可能是上世，有可能是佛陀，对我们中国人来讲，感到最亲切的还是‘道’，它讲的是天地人之间的一些规律。” 他指出，“我们当代人很多话，可以用《道德经》去配。比如一些网友就发现原来海子写的那句话‘天空一无所有，为何给我安慰’，其实老子在《道德经》里面讲过：‘其行越远，其知弥少’，这样的例子非常多。因而《道德经》是一部非常值得时常翻阅的经典。”
上海市2019届高三春季考试英语试题含答案
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