linux(LVM)扩展根目录空间的操作步骤

linux(LVM)扩展根目录空间的操作步骤
linux(LVM)扩展根目录空间的操作步骤

LVM下添加根目录空间

一、linux下的fdisk工具进行分区。

用root用户登录到你的linux系统,查看你系统的分区

#fdisk -l

会出现以下的信息:

Disk /dev/sda: 322.1 GB, 322122547200 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 39162 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00098804

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda2 64 11749 93858816 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_app2-lv_root: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_app2-lv_swap: 4160 MB, 4160749568 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 505 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /de v/mapper/vg_app2-lv_home: 38.3 GB, 38260441088 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4651 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

根据提示信息可以判断出此系统的磁盘接口为SCSI,对应“sda”如果上面的红色字体是“hda”,那么此系统的磁盘接口为IDE对应“hda”所以我做一下操作:

#fdisk /dev/sda/

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to

switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help):m //“ 列出fdisk的帮助”

Command action

a toggle a bootable flag

b edit bsddisklabel

c toggle the dos compatibility flag

d delet

e a partition

l list known partition types

m print this menu

n add a new partition

o create a new empty DOS partition table

p print the partition table

q quit without saving changes

s create a new empty Sun disklabel

t change a partition's system id

u change display/entry units

v verify the partition table

w write table to disk and exit

x extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help):n //” 命令n用于添加新分区"

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

p //" 选择创建主分区"此时,

Partition number (1-4):3 //fdisk会让你选择主分区的编号,如果已经有了主分区sda1,sda2,那么编号就选3,即要创建的该分区为sda3.

First cylinder (2611-3916, default 2611): //此时,fdisk又会让你选择该分区的开始值这个就是分区的Start 值(start cylinder);这里最好直接按回车,

Using default value 2611

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (2611-3916, default 3916): //此时,fdisk又会让你选择该分区的开始值这个就是分区的End 值这里最好直接按回车,

Using default value 3916

Command (m for help): w //w "保存所有并退出,分区划分完毕"

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at

the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)

Syncing disks.

二、我们的新建分区/dev/sda3,却不是LVM的。所以,接下来使用fdisk将其改成LVM的。#fdisk /dev/sda

Command (m for help): m

Command (m for help): t //改变分区系统id

Partition number (1-4): 3 //指定分区号

Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e //指定要改成的id号,8e代表LVM。

Command (m for help): w

三、重启系统后,登陆系统。(一定要重启系统,否则无法扩充新分区)

四、格式化该新添加的分区:

#fdisk -l

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux

Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda2 64 11749 93858816 8e Linux LVM

/dev/sda3 11749 39162 220196925 8e Linux LVM

你会发现多了一块分区。

#mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sda3 //在硬盘分区“/dev/sda3”上创建“ext3”文件系统。

此时我们就可以使用该新增分区了。

五、扩充新分区

#lvs

#pvcreate /dev/sda3 //pvcreate指令用于将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷,以便被LVM使用。要创建物理卷必须首先对硬盘进行分区,并且将硬盘分区的类型设置为“8e”后,才能使

用pvcreat指令将分区初始化为物理卷。

Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created

#vgextendvg_app2 /dev/sda3 (其中是当前需要扩充的lvm组名,可以通过df -h查看,例如我的是:/dev/mapper/vg_app2-lv_root)//vgextend指令用于动态的扩展卷组,它通过向卷组中添加物理卷来增加卷组的容量。

#vgdisplay //用于显示LNM卷组的元数据信息。

--- Volume group ---

VG Name vg_app2

System ID

Format lvm2

Metadata Areas 2

Metadata Sequence No 5

VG Access read/write

VG Status resizable

MAX LV 0

Cur LV 3

Open LV 3

Max PV 0

Cur PV 2

Act PV 2

VG Size 299.50 GiB

PE Size 4.00 MiB

Total PE 76672

Alloc PE / Size 22914 / 89.51 GiB

Free PE / Size 53758 / 209.99 GiB

VG UUID DjynP8-nPVz-fx3B-FGCB-V4k3-GVlx-ygJUZ9

(主要查看Free PE / Size 4994 / 209.99GB,说明我们最多可以有209.99GB的扩充空间。我一般选择小于209.99GB)

# lvextend -L+209.7G /dev/vg_app2/lv_root /dev/sda3

Logical volume lv_root successfully resized

#e2fsck -a /dev/vg_app2/lv_root //使用e2fsck指令检查文件系统错误(需要umonut该目录才能执行)。也可用“fsck -t ext2 -V /dev/sda3/检查ext2文件系统。

(做fsck,检查文件系统)

#resize2fs /dev/vg_app2/lv_root //resize2fs指令被用来增大或者收缩未加载的“ext2/ext3”文件系统的大小。

#df -h //查看一下你的系统磁盘空间"/"目录变成了256GB

ok,这样就大功告成了。

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