最新常用英语医学名词
最新常用英语医学名词
症状
多尿polyuria [?p?li?ju?ri?]
多饮/烦渴polydipsia [?p?li?dipsi?]
心悸palpitation [p?lpi?tei?(?)n]
气短short of breath
皮肤潮湿moist skin
紧张nervous
焦虑uneasy / anxiety
好动restless
强直spasticity spastic;
抽搐twitch /tic
常见诊断
尿崩症diabetes insipidus [?dai??bi:ti:z]
甲亢hyperthyroidism [haip??θair?idiz(?)m]
甲减hypothyroidism
糖尿病diabetes mellitus [?melit?s]
糖尿病酮症酸中毒diabetic ketoacidosis DKA [?ki:t?u??si?d?usis] 高渗性非酮症糖尿病昏迷hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma
低血糖症hypoglycemia [?haip?uɡlai?si:mi?]
低钠血症hyponatremia
高钠血症hypernatremia [?haip?n??tri:mi?]
低钾血症hypokalemia [?haip?uk??li:mj?]
高钾血症hyperkalemia [?haip?k??li:mi?]
代谢性酸中毒metabolic acidosis [?met??b?lik] [??si?d?usis]
代谢性碱中毒metabolic alkalosis [??lk??l?usis]
呼吸性酸中毒respiratory acidosis
呼吸性碱中毒respiratory alkalosis
痛风gout [ɡu:]
系统性红斑狼疮systemic lupus erythematosus SLE [?lu:p?s]
皮肌炎dermatomyositis DM [?d?:m?t??mai??saitis]
系统性硬化病systemic sclerosis SSc 硬皮病
气管插管/切开记录
Endotracheal intubation [?end?u?tr??ki?l] 气管插管（术）
tracheal cannula [?k?njul?] 气管插管（强调管子）
Tracheotomy [?tr?ki??t?mi] 气管切开
mechanical ventilation 机械通气[mi?k?nik?l]
sedate [si?deit] 镇静动词
Sedative Drugs 镇静药物
Dopamine [?d?up?min] 多巴胺
Noradrenalin [?n?:r??dren?lin] 去甲肾上腺素
Suction machine 吸痰器
Suck 吸动词
Sputum [?spju:t?m] 痰
noninvasive mechanical ventilation 无创机械通气[?n?nin?veisiv]
We perform endotracheal intubation/ tracheotomy and apply mechanical ventilation。行气管插管/切开，进行机械通气
We use 升压药物to raise blood pressure and 镇静药物to sedate the patient
神经系统
症状
瞳孔pupil
发绀cyanosis 发绀的cyanosed [?sai?n?ust]
头昏dizzyness 头晕的dazed [deizd]
头痛headache
抽搐convulsion [k?n?v?l??n]
眩晕vertigo [?v?: tiɡ?u] 眩晕的vertiginous [v?:?tid?in?s]
晕厥syncope [?si?k?pi] 晕厥的syncopal [?si?k?pl]
昏迷coma
昏睡stupor 昏睡的stuporous [?stju:p?r?s]
意识模糊confusion
嗜睡somnolence [?s?mn?l?ns] 嗜睡的somnolent [?s?mn?l?nt]
谵妄（状态）delirium state [di?liri?m] delirious [di?liri?s]
恶心nausea
呕吐vomiting
感觉异常paresthesia [?p?ris?θi:?i?]
放射性疼痛radiating pain
牵涉性疼痛referred pain
不自主运动involuntary movements [in?v?l?nt?ri]
瘫痪paralysis [p??r?lisis]
偏瘫hemiplegia [?hemi?pli:d?i?]
截瘫paraplegia [?p?r??pli:d?i?]
肌张力增高hypermyotonia [?haip??mai??t?uni?]
口角歪斜the angle of the mouth is drooping [?dru:pi?]
协调运动障碍incoordination
言语障碍dysphonia [dis?f?uni?]
感觉障碍sense disorder
视力障碍Vision disorder
脑脊液cerebrospinal fluid CSF [?seribr?u?spainl] 110-200ML
腰椎穿刺lumbar puncture
电子计算机体层扫描computerized tomography CT
磁共振成像magnetic resonance imaging MRI
脑电图electroencephalography EEG
诊断
脑血管疾病cerebrovascular disease CVD
短暂性脑缺血发作transient ischemic attack TIA
脑梗死cerebral infarction CI
脑血栓形成cerebral thrombosis CT
腔隙性梗死lacunar infarct
脑栓塞cerebral embolism
脑出血intracerebral hemorrhage ICH
蛛网膜下腔出血subarachnoid hemorrhage SAH
高血压脑病hypertension encephalopathy [en?sef??l?p?θi]
消化系统疾病
症状
恶心nausea
呕吐vomiting
吞咽困难dysphagia [dis?feid?i?]
嗳气/打嗝eructation [?i:r?k?tei??n]
反酸acid regurgitation [ri?ɡ?:d?i?tei??n,ri:?ɡ?:d?i?tei??n]
食欲不振Lack of appetite [in??pit?ns]
腹胀abdominal distention
腹痛abdominal pain
腹泻diarrhea
便秘constipation [?k?nsti?pei??n]
里急后重rectal tenesmus [t??nezm?s]
黄疸jaundice
呕血hematemesis
便血hematochezia
黑便melena
生长抑素somatostatin [s?um?t?u?st?tin]
奥曲肽octreotide
双囊三腔管double capsule three-cavity tube
常见诊断
上消化道出血upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage [?ɡ?str?uin?test?nl]
下消化道出血lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage
食管癌carcinoma of the esophagus [?kɑ:si?n?um?] [i(:)?s?f?ɡ?s] 急/慢性胃炎acute/chronic gastritis
消化性溃疡peptic ulcer
胃溃疡gastric ulcer GU
十二指肠溃疡duodenal ulcer DU
胃癌gastric carcinoma
肠结核intestinal tuberculosis [tju:?b?:kju?l?usis]
结核性腹膜炎tuberculous peritonitis [?perit??naitis]
克罗恩病Crohn’s disease ,CD
直肠癌colorectal carcinoma [?k?ul??rekt?l]
酒精性肝病alcoholic liver disease
肝硬化hepatic cirrhosis [hi?p?tik] [si?r?usis]
原发性肝癌primary carcinoma of the liver
肝性脑病hepatic encephalopathy HE [en?sef??l?p?θi]
肝性昏迷hepatic coma
重症急性胰腺炎severe acute pancreatitis SAP [?p??kri??taitis]
胰腺癌carcinoma of pancreas [?p??kri?s]
血液系统疾病
症状
贫血anemia [??ni:mi?]
头昏dizzyness
头痛headache
眩晕vertigo
晕厥syncope
乏力weak
萎靡cachexia [k??keksi?]
言语不清的alalic [??leilik]
发热fever
耳鸣tinnitus [ti?nait?s] a drumming in the ears
眼花blurred vision
记忆力减退deterioration of the memory [di?ti?ri??rei??n]
苍白pallor
皮下出血subcutaneous hemorrhage
牙龈出血gingival hamorrhage [d?in?d?aiv?l]
鼻出血rhinorrhagia [rain??reid?i?]
淋巴结肿大lymphadenectasis
瘀点petechia <2mm
紫癜purpura 3-5mm
瘀斑ecchymosis >5mm
昏迷coma
昏睡stupor
意识模糊confusion
嗜睡somnolence
谵妄delirium
意识障碍disturbance of consciousness
常见诊断
重度贫血severe anemia
缺铁性贫血iron deficient anemia
再生障碍性贫血aplastic anemia
溶血性贫血hemolytic anemia
白细胞减少leukopenia
粒细胞缺乏症agranulocytosis [??ɡr?njul?usai?t?usis]
白血病leukemia [lju:?ki:mi?]
急性淋巴细胞白血病acute lymphoblastic leukemia ，ALL [?limf?u?bl?stik] 急性非淋巴细胞白血病acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia，ANLL
慢性粒细胞白血病chronic myeloid leukemia，CML （慢粒）[?mai??l?id] 慢性淋巴细胞白血病chronic lymphoblastic leukemia，CLL 慢淋
急性白血病acute leukopenia AL
淋巴瘤lymphoma [lim?f?um?]
霍奇金淋巴瘤Hodgkin lymphoma，HL
非霍奇金淋巴瘤non Hodgkin lymphoma，NHL
多发性骨髓瘤multiple myeloma MM [?mai??l?um?]
脾功能亢进hypersplenism
血管性紫癜vascular purpura [?p?:pjur?]
过敏性紫癜allergic purpura [??l?:d?ik]
特发性血小板减少性紫癜idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura ，ITP [?idi??p?θik]血友病hemophilia [?hi:m??fili?]
弥散性血管内凝血disseminated intravascular coagulation ，DIC [k?u??ɡju?lei??n]
泌尿系统疾病
症状
蛋白尿albuminuria [?l?bju:mi?nju?ri?]
血尿hematuria [?hi:m??tjuri?]
乏力hypodynamia [?haip?udai?n?mj?] / easy fatigability.
疲倦fatigued
腰痛lumbago [l?m?beiɡ?u]
纳差anorexia [??n??reksi?] 没有胃口, 厌食
水肿edema [i(:)?di:m?]
尿频frequent micturition
尿急urgent micturition
尿痛odynuria
血尿hematuria
少尿oliguria
多尿polyuria
恶心nausea
呕吐vomiting
腹胀abdominal distention
腹泻diarrhea
皮肤瘙痒Itch of skin
血液透析hemodialysis [?hi:m?udai??lisis]
血液灌洗Hemoperfusion
血浆置换术Plasmapheresis [?pl?zm??fer?sis]
连续性肾脏替代治疗continuous renal replacement therapy ，CRRT
腹膜透析peritoneal dialysis ，PD [dai??lisis]
利尿剂hydragogue [?haidr?ɡ?ɡ]
常见诊断
急性肾功能衰竭acute renal failure ，ARF
慢性肾功能衰竭chronic renal failure ，CRF
急性肾小球肾炎acute glomerulonephritis [ɡl?u?merju?l?unef?raitis]
慢性肾小球肾炎chronic glomerulonephritis
急进性肾小球肾炎rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
肾病综合症nephrotic syndrome ，NS [ne?fr?tik]
尿路感染urinary tract infection [?ju?rin?ri]
肾动脉栓塞renal artery embolism
呼吸系统疾病
症状
咳嗽cough
咳痰expectoration
咳血hemoptysis
气紧short of breath
胸痛chest pain
常见诊断
急性上呼吸道感染acute upper respiratory tract infection
肺炎pneumonia
肺曲霉病pulmonary aspergillosis
肺脓肿lung abscess
肺结核pulmonary tuberculosis
慢性阻塞性肺疾病chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ,COPD
支气管哮喘bronchial asthma
肺栓塞pulmonary embolism ,PE
肺源性心脏病cor pulmonale 简称肺心病
慢性肺源性心脏病chronic pulmonary heart disease
间质性肺疾病interstitial lung disease
结节病sarcoidosis
胸腔积液pleural effusions
气胸pneumothorax
肺癌lung cancer
睡眠呼吸暂停综合症sleep apnea syndrome ,SAS
呼吸衰竭respiratory failure
急性呼吸窘迫综合症actue respiratory disease syndrome ,ARDS
肺部感染pulmonary infection
II型呼衰Type II respiratory failure
创伤及意外伤害
症状
呼吸困难dyspnea[dis?pni:?]
发绀cyanosis [?sai??n?usis] 发绀的cyanosed [sai?n?ust]
头昏dizzyness 头晕的dazed [deizd]
头痛headache
眩晕vertigo [v?:tiɡ?u] 眩晕的vertiginous [v?:tid?in?s] 晕厥syncope [si?k?pi] 晕厥的syncopal [si?k?pl]
昏迷coma
昏睡stupor 昏睡的stuporous [stju:p?r?s]
意识模糊confusion
嗜睡somnolence [s?mn?l?ns] 嗜睡的somnolent [s?mn?l?nt] 谵妄delirium [di liri?m] delirious [di liri?s]
恶心nausea
呕吐vomiting
清创缝合术debridement [di’br aidm ?nt]
胸腔闭式引流术Closed thoracic drainage [θ?(:)r?sik] [dreinid?]
胸腔闭式引流管Closed thoracic drainage tube
引流管drainage tube
止血（法）hemostasis [hi m?st?sis]
包扎tie up
固定fix
休克体位shock position
患肢affected limb
抬高患肢raise/elevate affected limb
创伤trauma [tr?:m?]
创伤复合伤combined injury
放射复合伤combined radiation injury
闭合伤closed injury
挤压伤crush injury
挤压综合症Compression syndrome
挫伤contusion
扭伤sprain
震荡伤concussion [k?n k?s]
开放伤opened injury
擦伤abrasion [?brei??n]
撕裂伤laceration [l?s?rei??n]
车祸伤car accident injury
高坠伤high fall injury
失血性休克hemorrhagic shock
感染性休克infective shock
清洁伤口cleaning wound
污染伤口contaminated wound
感染伤口infected wound
烧伤burn
化学烧伤chemical burn
冷冻伤cold injury
电击伤electric injury
蜂蛰伤bee sting
The patient was conscious(清醒的)/unconscious(不清醒的)/comatose(昏迷的)/ fidgety(烦躁的) with profuse perspiration(大汗淋漓)/ tachypnea (呼吸急促)/ quickly(呼吸急促), complain ing of(主诉)+病员所诉，examination hints(查体示) that :+查体检查到的情况。The patient had endotracheal intubation (气管插管)/ tracheotomy(气管切开)，intravenous access(静脉通道)，g astric tube（胃管），urinary catheter（尿管），drainage tube(引流管)等等, the patient get monitored(监护)，mechanical ventilation(机械通气) /uptaking 数字liter per minute/.we obtain the second/multiple intravenous access（建立静脉通道)，and give him/her the therapy(治疗) such as （例如）+列举各种药品等，monitor blood glucose (血糖)/CVP etc.
This morning the patient’s temperature is数字 centigrade,heart rates are 数字 per minute ,respiration rates are 数字per minute ,blood pressure is / mmHg(mmHg millimeter mercury column),SpO2(Pulse Oxygen Saturation) is 数字 percent. 数字 hours intaking :数字 milliliter,outputting: 数字 milliliter,stool(大便)：数字 gram.
常见主诉及症状
体格检查physical examination
呼吸困难dyspnea
咳嗽cough
咳痰expectoration
咳血hemoptysis
皮肤黏膜出血mucocutaneous hemorrhage
水肿edema
胸痛chest pain
胸闷chest stuffiness/discomfort
端坐呼吸orthopnea
心悸palpitation
发热fever
发绀cyanosis
头昏dizzyness
头痛headache
眩晕vertigo
晕厥syncope
乏力weak
呕血hematemesis
便血hematochezia
黑便melena
便秘constipation
黄疸jaundice
黄染stained yellow
苍白pallor
发红redness
色素沉着pigmentation
白斑leukoplakia
斑疹maculae
玫瑰疹roseola
丘疹papules
斑丘疹maculopapulae
荨麻疹urticaria
皮肤脱屑desquamation
皮下出血subcutaneous hemorrhage
瘀点petechia <2mm
紫癜purpura 3-5mm
瘀斑ecchymosis >5mm
血肿hematoma
意识障碍disturbance of consciousness
昏迷coma
昏睡stupor
意识模糊confusion
嗜睡somnolence
谵妄delirium
恶心nausea
呕吐vomiting
腹泻diarrhea
偏瘫hemiplegic paralysis
腹痛abdominal pain
腰背痛lumbodorsalgia
关节痛arthralgia
腹胀abdominal distension
肛门停止排气排便no gas or stool excreted from anus 肢体抖动Limbs trembling
抽搐tic
惊厥convulsion
尿频frequent micturition
尿急urgent micturition
尿痛odynuria
血尿hematuria
少尿oliguria
多尿polyuria
自主体位active position
被动体位passive position
强迫体位compulsive position
常见诊断
溶血性贫血hemolytic anemia
百草枯中毒paraquat intoxication
肺炎respiratory
呼吸衰竭respiratory failure
冠心病、心绞痛coronary heart disease angina pectpris 高血压hepertension
心功能不全heart failure
房颤atrial fibrilation
消化道出血hemorrhage of digestive tract
肝性脑病hepatic encephalopathy
肝硬化、腹水liver cirrhosis ascites
肝功能衰竭hepatic failure
肾功能衰竭renal failure
肾病综合征nephritic acidosis
代谢性酸中毒metabolic acidosis
高钾血症hyperkalemia
糖尿病diabetes mellitus
酮症酸中毒ketoacidosis
癫痫epilepsia
脑出血cerebral infarction
脑梗塞brain yumor
脑肿瘤brain tumor
脑炎encephalitis
低钾血症hypokalemia
电解质紊乱electrolyte disturbances
深静脉血栓deep vein thrombosis
蛇咬伤snake bite
蜂蛰伤bee sting
肠梗阻intes tinal obstruction
常用治疗名称
输血blood transfusion
抗感染anti-infection
制酸relieving hyperacidity
抗凝anti-coagulation
抗血小板antiplatelet
止血hemostasia
脱水dehydration
降温defervesce
祛痰eliminating phlegm
平喘relieving asthma
雾化atomization
胃肠减压gastrointestional decompression
灌肠enteroclysis
症状变化
加重aggravate
减轻alleviate
主要检查结果
明显升高、降低、异常remarkably elevated/redeuced./abnormal CT X-ray B-ultrasound
相关科室会诊request relative consultation
循环系统疾病
症状
心悸papitation
发绀cyanosis
呼吸困难short of breath
咳嗽cough
咳血hemoptysis
胸痛chest pain
少尿oliguria
水肿edema
头痛headache
眩晕vertigo
晕厥syncope
恶心nausea
呕吐vomiting
起搏pacing
除颤defibrillation
电复律cardiovertion
溶栓治疗thrombolytic therapy
常见诊断
心力衰竭heart failure
心功能不全cardiac insufficiency [?kɑ:di?k]
窦性心动过速sinus tachycardia [?t?ki?kɑ:di?]
窦性停搏sinus pause
病态窦房结综合症sick sinus syndrome ，SSS
房性心动过速atrial tachycardia [?eitri?l]
房性期前收缩atrial premature beats [?prem??tju?]
心房扑动atrial flutter
心房颤动atrial fibrillation [?faibri?lei??n]
预激综合症preexcitation syndrome
室性期前收缩premature ventricular beats [ven?trikjul?]
室性心动过速ventricular tachycardia
室颤ventricular fibrillation
室扑ventricular flutter
房室传导阻滞atrioventricular block
心脏骤停cardiac arrest
无脉性电活动pulseless electrical activity
心源性猝死sudden cardiac death
先心病congenital cardiovascular diseases [k?n?d?enit?l]
房间隔缺损atrial septal defect ，ASD [?septl]
室间隔缺损ventricular septal defect ,VSD
动脉导管未闭patent ductus arteriosus ,PDA
先天性主动脉缩窄congenital coarctation of the aorta [?k?uɑ:k?tei??n] [ei??:t?] 先天性肺动脉瓣狭窄congenital pulmonary valve stenosis [sti?n?usis]
原发性高血压primary hypertension
冠心病coronary heart disease [?k?r?n?ri]
稳定型心绞痛stable angina pectoris [?n?d?ain?]
心肌梗死myocardial infarction [?mai?u?kɑ:di?l]
心脏瓣膜病valvular heart disease [?v?lvjul?]
风心病rheumatic heart disease [ru(:)?m?tik]
二尖瓣狭窄mitral stenosis
二尖瓣关闭不全mitral incompetence [?maitr?l] [in?k?mpit?ns]
主动脉瓣狭窄aortic stenosis
主动脉瓣关闭不全aortic incompetence
三尖瓣狭窄tricuspid stenosis [trai?k?spid]
三尖瓣关闭不全tricuspid incompetence
感染性心内膜炎infective endocarditis ,IE
扩张型心肌病dilated cardiomyopathy DCM
心肌炎myocarditis [?mai?ukɑ:?daitis]
急性心包炎acute pericarditis [?perikɑ:?daitis]
中毒理化因素所致疾病
症状
呼吸困难dyspnea
发绀cyanosis
头昏dizzyness
头痛headache
眩晕vertigo
晕厥syncope
昏迷coma
昏睡stupor
意识模糊confusion
嗜睡somnolence
谵妄delirium
恶心nausea
呕吐vomiting
腹泻diarrhea
肢体抖动Limbs trembling
抽搐tic
惊厥convulsion
灼伤get a burn in
腹痛abdominal pain
催吐剂emetic [i?metik]
洗胃gastric lavage [l??vɑ:?,?l?vid?]
导泻catharsis [k??θɑ:sis]
灌肠clyster [?klist?] 动名
血液透析hemodialysis [?hi:m?udai??lisis]
血液灌洗hemoperfusion
血浆置换术Plasmapheresis [?pl?zm??fer?sis]
纳洛酮naloxone [?n?l?ks?un]
氟马西尼flumazenil
地西泮diazepam [dai??zep?m]
吗啡morphine [?m?:fi:n]
哌替啶pethidine
芬太尼pentanyl [fen?t?nil,?fent?nil]
美沙酮methadone
布桂嗪bucinnazine 强痛定
海洛因heroin [?her?uin]
常见诊断
中毒poisoning
有机磷中毒organophosphorus poisoning [??:ɡ?n?u?f?sf?r?s] 毒鼠强中毒tetramine intoxication [in?t?ksi?kei??n]
鼠药中毒Rat-poison poisoning
一氧化碳中毒carbon monoxide poisoning [m??n?ksaid]
戒断综合症withdrawal syndrome
镇静催眠药中毒sedative-hypnotic poisoning
酒精中毒alcohol poisoning
蛇咬伤snakebite
蜂蛰伤bee sting